Maurice Y Mommaerts

University Hospital Brussels | UZ Brussel · European Face Centre

Strong mandibular angles and a heavy chin are perceived as masculine features, so surgical feminization of female or transgender faces may warrant mandibular base narrowing (borders and angles) and a reduction in chin width and height. With this in mind, we have devised an interdental midline osteotomy (triangular in shape and with a caudal base) t...

Residual bilateral cleft lip deformities are commonly attributed to neglect of oral sphincter reconstruction during primary repair. This report describes a straightforward technique for reoperation that is applicable for most patients. It also describes the results of a retrospective observational cohort study of 21 patients that underwent reoperat...

The objective was to test the hypothesis of no difference in skeletal and dental arch expansion and relapse after surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion with a bone-borne compared with a tooth-borne appliance. The PubMed, Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched in combination with a hand-search of relevant...

Purpose: This study aimed to ascertain the value of postoperative physiotherapy after open temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery and provide a usable approach for practitioners. Materials and methods: The authors performed a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines...

Strong mandibular angles and a heavy chin are perceived as masculine features, so surgical feminization of female or transgender faces may warrant mandibular base narrowing (borders and angles) and a reduction in chin width and height. With this in mind, we have devised an interdental midline osteotomy (triangular in shape and with a caudal base) t...

Context Alloplastic temporomandibular joint replacement. Aims To search for evidence for the use of periprosthetic autologous fat transplantation. Setting and Design Systematic review. Materials and Methods We searched in PubMed Central, Elsevier ScienceDirect Complete, Wiley Online Library Journals, Ovid Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, and Coc...

In a negative vector orbit, the most anterior globe portion protrudes past the malar eminence. As bulging eyes are considered unaesthetic, patients usually seek correction. However, most current correction techniques produce suboptimal results. Here, we present a surgical technique that sets back the globe and protrudes the malar bone using an intr...

ContextCranioplasty is a frequently performed procedure that uses a variety of reconstruction materials and techniques. In this technical note, we present refinements of computer-aided design–computer-aided manufacturing inlay cranioplasty. Objective, design, and settingIn an attempt to decrease complications related to polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK...

This systematic review provides an overview of the historical evolution of the prosthetic temporomandibular joint and addresses the challenges and complications faced by engineers and surgeons, in an effort to shed light on why only a few systems remain available. A better understanding of the history of temporomandibular joint prostheses might als...

Nasal dorsum augmentation is commonly performed using autologous cartilage grafts, also in the Turkish Delight technique. The aim of this study was to describe a modification of the Turkish Delight technique for dorsal augmentation consisting of small hydroxyapatite-calcium carbonate granules (0.5–1 mm) that were wrapped in layers of oxidized cellu...

The alloplastic total temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prosthesis has a long history, with many different materials and designs used. While several of these materials have proven valuable over time, many others have not been suitable for implantation, resulting in failure and the need for explantation of the implant. Because of the failure of several...

Purpose The goal of this study was to identify current European Union regulations governing hospital-based use of fused deposit modeling (FDM), as implemented via desktop three-dimensional (3D) printers. Materials and Methods Literature and Internet sources were screened, searching for official documents, regulations/legislation, and views of spec...

The aim of this study was to establish a fast-track protocol for bimaxillary orthognathic surgery (OGS). Fast-track surgery (FTS) is a multidisciplinary approach where the pre-, intra-, and postoperative management is focusing maximally on a quick patient recovery and early discharge. To enable this, the patients’ presurgical stress and postsurgica...

Arthritis, degenerative osteoarthritis after disc luxation or trauma, connective tissue diseases, autoimmune diseases, bony and fibrous ankyloses, and congenital deformities can destroy a jaw joint extensively. Pain, chewing and speech disorders cannot always be treated with conservative therapy or tissue-sparing surgery so the quality of life can...

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the soft-to-hard tissue ratio using 3D analysis in different types of orthognathic surgery. Material and methods: A systematic search for relevant studies published in different languages through December 2016 was performed in the Medline, Embase, Lilacs, Scopus, and Science Direct database...

Severe bone atrophy jeopardizes the success of endosseous implants. This technical note aims to present the innovative concept of additively manufactured sub-periosteal jaw implants (AMSJIs). Digital datasets of the patient’s jaws and wax trial in occlusion are used to segment the bone and dental arches, for the design of a sub-periosteal frame and...

Purpose: Calcium phosphate paste is used in mandibular lengthening surgery to avoid unesthetic notching at the lower border and to help stabilize the segments when osteosynthesis slippage is a concern. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the hardened paste increases the incidence of infections. Materials and methods: This was a retr...

Context: Slotplates were specifically designed to meet the special requirements of corrective surgeries of the facial skeleton. This design enables small readjustments of bone fragments in the midface and chin area during surgery without complete removal of plates and screws. Objective, design, and setting: The aim of this study was to compare m...

A new instrument for retracting the maxilla after mobilization is described. It does neither compress nor inadvertently pierce the lower lip and it does neither obliterate the view nor hinder access to bone removing instruments.

Objective: The aim was to determine the soft-to-hard tissue ratios in profile view in bimaxillary orthognathic surgical corrections. Material and methods: A systematic review of studies published in different languages was performed by searching the Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Scopus, and Science Direct databases up to August 2015...

Context: Asymmetry and unfavorable esthetics of the jawline have become possible to correct in three dimensions using computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing. Aims: The aim of this study was to provide esthetic, technical, and operative guidelines for mandibular angle and border augmentation using patient-specific titanium implant...

A modification of the Obwegeser sagittal split retractor is presented. It is slender while still protecting the soft tissues and is particularly suitable for endoscopically assisted surgery.

Background: Our aim was to compare the outcomes of reconstructive surgery for long-standing facial paralysis by gracilis free flap transfer versus lengthening temporalis myoplasty (LTM) according to Daniel Labbé. Materials and methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, Cochrane Library, Directory of Open Access Journals, and SAGE Pre...

There are growing number of patients attending aesthetic consultations and requesting the rejuvenation of ageing upper lips. Often these patients also have nasal tip ptosis. There are a number of direct and indirect upper lip lifting procedures. We describe a novel technique, which combines upper lip and nasal tip rejuvenation through hidden incisi...

Background: The ideal male jaw angle has not been established. With the advent of additive manufacturing, precise customized shaping is a reality. This study aimed to define the ideal masculine mandibular angle as an aid for 3-dimensional (3D) design. Methods: An Internet survey was conducted using black/white photographs of celebrities and non-...

Objective: To delineate the best procedures for increasing osseointegration in cranio-maxillo-facial surgery using nano-sized calcium phosphate coatings on titanium patient specific implants. Materials and methods: A multi-database single-reviewer systematic literature review was conducted. Results: Twenty-eight papers consisting of twenty-fiv...

Purpose: To gain insight into the methodology of different computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) applications for the reconstruction of cranio-maxillo-facial (CMF) defects. Methods: We reviewed and analyzed the available literature pertaining to CAD-CAM for use in CMF reconstruction. Results: We proposed a classification...

Objective: Craniosynostosis treatment by suture autotransplantation and dura stripping has proven to be successful in animals. When applied clinically, it may reduce operative morbidity and postoperative growth disturbances known to occur after radical remodeling. It may prevent resynostosis, which is known to occur after simple synostostectomy. I...

Object: Finite element models (FEMs) of the head are used to study the biomechanics of traumatic brain injury and depend heavily on the use of accurate material properties and head geometry. Any FEM aimed at investigating traumatic head injury in children should therefore use age-specific dimensions of the head, as well as age-specific material pr...

The purpose of this article is to describe a technique for secondary reconstruction of traumatic orbital wall defects using titanium implants that act as three-dimensional (3D) puzzle pieces. We present three cases of large defect reconstruction using implants produced by Xilloc Medical B.V. (Maastricht, the Netherlands) with a 3D printer manufactu...

Precise soft-to-hard tissue ratios in orthofacial chin procedures are not well established. The aim of this study was to determine useful soft-to-hard tissue ratios for planning the magnitude of sliding genioplasty (chin osteotomy), osseous chin recontouring and alloplastic chin augmentation. A systematic review of English and non-English articles...

Program no. 3644 PREVENTING SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PROBLEMS IN INFANTS WITH CLEFT LIP AND PALATE BY USING THE ‘PARENT FOCUSED APPROACH’ Mie Coquyt1 Sarah Sierens2 Nasser Nadjmi3, Maurice Mommaerts 4 1Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Campus Jette, Belgium, University College Ghent, Ghent, Belgium; 2University College Ghent, Ghent, Belgium; 3Craniofacial A...

Hemifacial microsomia and Goldenhar syndrome pose unique challenges to the craniofacial surgeon. The O.M.E.N.S. classification provides a description of the craniofacial features. For the "M" of O.M.E.N.S. (the mandible), the Pruzansky-Kaban classification provides therapeutic guidelines for joint and face reconstruction. A sequence of standard pro...

For the early detection of children who are at risk of communication problems, we need appropriate assessment instruments. Two Dutch-language standardised screening instruments are available: the Dutch version of the Non Speech Test (NNST) and the Dutch version of the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories (N-CDIs). These instruments gauge...

Measuring pragmatic skills: early detection of infants at risk for communication problems Mie Cocquyt, Maurice Yves Mommaerts, Hazel Dewart and Inge Zink Background For the early detection of children who are at risk of communication problems, we need appropriate assessment instruments. Two Dutch-language standardised screening instruments are ava...

The ideal lip augmentation technique provides the longest period of efficacy, lowest complication rate, and best aesthetic results. A myriad of techniques have been described for lip augmentation, but the optimal approach has not yet been established. This systematic review with meta-regression will focus on the various filling procedures for lip a...

1 Patient before implantation of a costochondral graft (age four) 2a Mirroring the healthy side in 3-matic 2b Transparent view of the implant in 3-matic A Belgian girl suffered from hemifacial microsomia, a birth defect usually affecting the development of one half of the face and the second most common birth deformity in the craniofacial area. Pro...

Introduction Changes occurring in facial soft tissues after orthognathic surgery have been studied over the past 45 years. In this systematic review, we analyzed soft-to-hard tissue ratios regarding maxillary repositioning surgery. Methods We searched major online databases according to the guidelines of the CONSORT/QUORUM flowchart, and selected...

Background Ideal lip augmentation techniques have good longevity, low complication rates, and optimal functional and aesthetic results. No systematic review is currently available regarding the efficacy of lip augmentation techniques. This review will focus only on non-filling procedures for lip augmentation (NFPLAs). Methods Current databases Els...

Non-syndromic Tessier no. 2 and 3 facial clefts primarily affect the nasal complex. The anatomy of such clefts is such that the ala of the nose has a cleft. Repairing the ala presents some challenges to the surgeon, especially to correct the shape and missing tissue. Various techniques have been considered to repair these cleft defects. We present...

Purpose: (1) To determine whether immediate loading of orthodontic bone anchors (OBAs) generates more failures than delayed loading and (2) to evaluate the impact of different variables on the success rate of the use of OBAs as temporary anchorage devices in orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods: In a prospective registry, consecutive pat...

Objective With double exposure overlapping cone beam computed tomography scan technique, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisition radiation dose, the objective is to obtain apparent density to be similar to the multi-detector CT (MDCT). Methods Factory assurance phantom and water phantom were used for the evaluation of apparent densi...

There is currently no gold standard for the treatment of Stage III bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). The question remains whether osseous reconstruction can offer an additional gain in outcome given the theoretical risk of non-union at the resection margins and recurrence in the osseous free flap. The objective was to conduct...

e v e s p c i r o r a l m a x i l o f a c . 2 0 1 4;3 6(2):64–67 Revista Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial w w w . e l s e v i e r . e s / r e c o m Original Uso del cemento de fosfato cálcico para estabilizar las osteotomías de avance mandibular y para prevenir escalones inestéticos en la línea mandibular información del artículo Historia de...

Photoshopping the face: simulated outcomes of orthofacial surgery C orrective facial surgeries are highly elective procedures. Outcomes depend largely on the nature of the surgery performed (requiring an in-depth knowledge of surgical techniques and anticipated soft tissue changes) and should be predictable in terms of risk and outcomes, in line wi...

1 Patient before implantation of a costochondral graft (age four) 2a Mirroring the healthy side in 3-matic 2b Transparent view of the implant in 3-matic A Belgian girl suffered from hemifacial microsomia, a birth defect usually affecting the development of one half of the face and the second most common birth deformity in the craniofacial area. Pro...

Introduction: Several investigators have compared the perception of profile attractiveness between professional and non-professional people, different groups of clinicians, and different ethnic groups. Our aim was to study preferences for facial protrusion in the lateral view for a straight Class I profile and to study the influence of gender, age...

Introducción: El escalón producido en el reborde mandibular en las osteotomías sagitales de avance puede corregirse mediante el uso de una pasta de fosfato cálcico. Material y método: Han sido tratados mediante esta técnica 48 casos, con un seguimiento de al menos 6 meses. Resultados: Han presentado 4 casos infección en el lecho quirúrgico en donde...

Background: Children with Down Syndrome, Autism and Cleft Lip and Palate are at risk for communication problems. The new screening instrument EPVs: Lists for Evaluation of Pragmatic Skills (Cocquyt & Zink, 2010) was used to investigate the differences between these three specific target groups and typically developing children. Method: EPV1 was use...

Background: Children with Down Syndrome, Autism and Cleft Lip and Palate are at risk for communication problems. The new screening instrument EPVs: Lists for Evaluation of Pragmatic Skills (Cocquyt & Zink, 2010) was used to investigate the differences between these three specific target groups and typically developing children. Method: EPV1 was use...

Background: Cleft Lip and Palate form an established risk for communication problems. Today there is worldwide awareness of the paramount importance of prevention and early detection and intervention. Therefore we developed a programme for a Parent Focused Approach (PFA) aimed at preventing communication problems in children with Cleft Lip and Pala...

Objective: Our aim was to describe the postoperative management and wound care protocol after primary cleft lip closure, as it has been used in the Bruges Cleft and Craniofacial Center at the supraregional teaching hospital AZ St. Jan, Bruges, between June 1, 1991, and July 1, 2009. Materials: The postoperative management and wound care included...

Not many randomised controlled trials are published in surgical journals, especially those on maxillo-facial surgery. There appears to be some uncertainty on how to perform such studies. Accordingly this paper offers some information on how to plan, pursue and publish a well conducted case-control study, or the more powerful randomised control tria...

To compare the facial proportions of contemporary harmonious faces with those of antiquity, to validate classical canons and to determine new ones useful in orthofacial surgery planning. Contemporary beautiful faces were retrieved from yearly polls of People Magazine and FHM. Selected B/W frontal facial photographs of 31 men and 74 women were ranke...

The aim of this anatomical study was to define the intraosseous vascular territory of the facial artery. The clinical issue is whether ipsilateral facial artery anastomosis will guarantee blood supply to the ipsi- and contralateral mandibular symphyses and maxillae in allotransplantation. Of 10 human cadaveric heads, the left facial artery was inje...

a b s t r a c t Aim: To compare the facial proportions of contemporary harmonious faces with those of antiquity, to validate classical canons and to determine new ones useful in orthofacial surgery planning. Material and methods: Contemporary beautiful faces were retrieved from yearly polls of People Magazine and FHM. Selected B/W frontal facial ph...

The purpose of this study was to assess and compare nasal symmetry in patients who underwent correction of a complete unilateral cleft lip using the Afroze incision without and with primary septoplasty using a standardized two-dimensional photographic analysis. A prospective cohort study of 190 consecutive patients with complete unilateral cleft li...

We acknowledge the difficulties that arise when attempting to reduce and stabilise some condylar fractures, particularly those that are high or intracapsular. This paper highlights retrieval of the proximal fragment with a screw, and its benefit for reduction and stabilisation of the fractured condylar head before fixation. Eight patients with cond...

The purpose of this paper is to describe a technique of forced surgical rotation of the mandible used in skeletal Class II patients with deep bite and prominent chin. Posterior occlusal composite onlays combined with preoperative orthodontic treatment without anterior intrusion increase the posterior rotational component of the surgical mandibular...

Families of organ donors are much more reluctant to approve donation of the corneas, face, and hands than of internal organs. The idea to "sacrifice" the face of a dead loved one is shocking to many. Moreover, most national laws, including Belgian laws, demand respect for the corpse. When mourners view an open coffin, visible parts such as the hand...

Introduction Compound skin platysma suspension to the tympanoparotid fascia according to Labbé is an efficient technique in neck lift with minimal dissection and morbidity. One disadvantage remains in the fatty neck; the lifted tissue block is pulled over one of the most prominent features of a young neck: the retromandibular fovea situated between...

The authors performed a critical literature review to find evidence of the long-term stability after early distraction osteogenesis of the mandible in patients with hemifacial microsomia. The PubMed, Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases were searched systematically for studies performed between 2002 and 2008. Abstracts from the...

A systematic literature review was conducted to find out if bone-borne maxillary expansion with corticotomies is an effective and secure orthodontic/orthopaedic treatment modality, eliminating orthodontic and periodontal side effects of tooth-borne maxillary expansion with corticotomies. Randomized controlled trials (RCT), controlled clinical trial...

CONTEXT (BACKGROUND): Lip adhesion is a direct edge approximation without changing lip landmarks or disturbing tissue required for definitive closure. This converts a complete cleft into an incomplete cleft, facilitating and enhancing subsequent definitive lip and nose repair. The study aims to describe our technique of lip adhesion and its morbidi...

To demonstrate the feasibility of carrying out a sagittal split osteotomy with rigid osteosynthesis via a small oral incision, working in two distinct tunnels and one corridor, using a standard 30 degrees 4-mm Ø endoscope. The procedure can be classified as minimally invasive, allowing for ambulatory treatment and return to daily activities within...

Our aim was to create a simple, inexpensive, reproducible, and life-size model of the oral cavity of a cleft palate patient. A step-by-step description of the assembly of our cleft palate simulator and its usefulness is presented. This model was made with readily available components, such as alginate impression material, impression plaster, paper...

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is used for maxillofacial imaging. 3D virtual planning of orthognathic and facial orthomorphic surgery requires detailed visualisation of the interocclusal relationship. This study aimed to introduce and evaluate the use of a double CBCT scan procedure with a modified wax bite wafer to augment the 3D virtual sku...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of dental lesions on the periodontium, in a canine model of mandibular osteodistraction. In six adult male Beagle dogs, an osteotomy was made between the right second lateral incisor and canine, and a distraction device placed. The roots adjacent to the osteotomy were deliberately damaged by the...

To assess the three dimensional (3D) surface accuracy of a phantom's face acquired from a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan and to determine the reliability of selected cephalometric measurements performed with Maxilim software (Medicim N.V., Mechelen, Belgium). A mannequin head was imaged with a CBCT (I-CAT, Imaging Sciences International,...

Objective: Aim of the present literature review was to identify risk factors for condylar resorption after orthognathic surgery and suitable therapies for those cases condylar resorption occurred. Material and Methods: Risk factors for condylar resorption were evaluated in nine studies in all including 131 patients, who developed this complication...

The purpose was to investigate the index by which facial height/width ratio is optimally determined and the reliability of anthropometrical measurements. The following measurements: zygion-zygion, sellion-gnathion, supraorbitale-gnathion, and interpupillary distance (IPD) were performed twice by the senior surgeon, and trainee surgeon, during an av...

The objective of this study was to evaluate morbidity arising from transnasal, endoscopically assisted corticotomies for transpalatal osteodistraction. This minimally invasive technique utilizes three 1-cm incisions in the nasal vestibule instead of the classical, two lateral and one medial oral vestibule incisions of 2-3 cm and 1cm long, respectiv...

The aim of this retrospective observational case series study was to determine the morbidity of transmandibular Distraction Osteogenesis (DO) using a bone-borne distraction device to adapt the surgical protocol and improve hardware design. The treatment of 23 consecutive, non-syndromic patients who underwent transverse mandibular DO after a midline...

Prominent nasolabial folds are of concern to many face lift candidates. Many techniques have been described which tackle this distinct sign of ageing. Crease fillers have inherent limitations. Extended SMAS dissection and suspension has no effect after 24 hours. Malar fat pad suspension has an effect which extends maximally to 2 years. Direct fat e...