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2-benzhydrylsulfinyl-N-hydroxyacetamide extracted from fig: A good therapeutic agent against Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract and Figures
2-benzhydrylsulfinyl-N-hydroxyacetamide was extracted from fig fruit. The fig fruits were placed in selective sequentially extract processes using soxhlet. The antibacterial activity of 2-benzhydrylsulfinyl-n-hydroxyacetamide was tested against human pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus using the Optical density assy technique to measure bacterial growth curve. The alternation in the cluster shap of treated S. aureus was measured using SEM technique. The mechanism by which 2-benzhydrylsulfinyl-N-hydroxyacetamide destroy bacterial strain was measured by investigation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using Acridine orange-ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) double staining assay. The results of the present study demonstrated that the 2-benzhydrylsulfinyl-N-hydroxyacetamide as a new DNA-mediated antimicrobial agent. 2-benzhydrylsulfinyl-N-hydroxyacetamide was experimental new agent to breakdown the bacterial cells by permeating the bacterial genetic materials (nucleic acid and cytoplasmic membrane, leading to loss of cell-wall integrity, damage of nucleic acid, and increased in the permeability of bacterial cell-wall. The 2-benzhydrylsulfinyl-N-hydroxyacetamide could serve as a novel active antimicrobial agent in biomedical applications.
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... ''Apigenin" and ''Hesperidin" are cancer prevention agents that have been shown to serve a cytoprotective role against oxidative stress. Apigenin and Hesperidin appear to protect cells from free radical damage via a cancer prevention agent effect and persuade apoptotic cells to pass through supportive of oxidant movement and inhibit tumorigenesis [20,21]. The anti-cancer activity could thus be linked to the presence of ''Apigenin" and ''Hesperidin" in those mixtures [22][23][24][25][26][27]. ...
The primary goal of this work is to look at the preventive impacts of “bioactive natural flavonoids” such as “Apigenin and Hesperidins” versus different cancers models in vitro. “MATERIAL & METHODS” – The HCT-15 cell lines. In 96-well plates, the cells grow in DMEM enriched with 10% FBS. It takes 24 h for the cells to become 70–80 blended, at which point they resuspend in 96-well plates for monolayer formation at the consistency of 1 × 10⁵ cells per well. The MCF7 cell line accomplishes.“ The cells are kept up with fundamental media enhanced with 10 FBS, penicillin “100 U/mL”, and streptomycin “100 μg/mL” in a humidified environment of “50 μg/mL CO2” at “37 ℃”. Cytotoxicity and selectivity file investigation of the two flavonoids perform “against DU-145 and Vero cell lines by MTT examination”. Doxorubicin is considered a standard enemy of malignant growth drugs. The most minimal MCF7 cell feasibility, “11.25%,” is recorded by flavonoid for centralization of “80 μg/mL”, while it is “15.6%” for “160 μg/mL” grouping of flavonoid. The IC50 is still up in the air from the diagrams of the flavonoid on MCF7 cell lines. Flavonoids show powerful cytotoxic impacts with the IC50 upsides of “10 μg/mL” in the MCF7 cell line. It is found that that “Apigenin” and “Hesperidin” may take for further bio-insightful anti-cancer investigations after examining their cytotoxicity against HCT-15 and Vero cell lines. Anti-proliferative effects of “Apigenin” and “Hesperidin” are achieved by targeting a secondary cytotoxicity component. Acceptance of apoptosis allowed for a noticeable sort of cell death to be accepted as the norm.
... In the present study, we are measured the cytotoxic effect of AgNps at different time as indicated data, the IC50 values of AgNPs following 24hrs-exposure to the cancer cell line were 18.57 µg/ml . These results clearly indicate that the prolonged treatment significantly reduced the IC50 expense, while extended the toxic relevance [24][25][26][27][28]. In comparison to the activity of other complexs with that of another drug, Cis-platin (a clinical anticancer drug), exposed to the same cancer cell line, the IC50 of each of the drug compounds of [Pt(H2L)(PPh3)] presented in table1 demonstrated greater cytotoxic effects towards cancer cell lines [29][30]. ...
This study aimed to manufacture a new nanoparticle to increase cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles against breast cancer cell line MCF-7. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) induced by Moringa oleifera extract as reducing agent was done in this study. AgNPs were prepared in this study was measured by colour changes, and UV visible spectroscopy. The present study aimed to study the cytotoxic effects of M oleifera extract, and prepared AgNPs. MTT assay were used to study the anti-proliferative activity of the AgNPs and Moringa oleifera extract against MCF-7. The results showed that the AgNPs had cytotocicity effect than Moringa oleifera extractand the highest inhibition of the cell was found in the concentration (100) and the toxicity was gradually decreases to reach the lowest inhibition in the concentration (6.25). In conclusion, the results of present dataTaken suggest that the AgNPs could be promising therapy protocol for other types of cancer cells.
... In the present study, we are measured the cytotoxic effect of AgNps at different time as indicated data, the IC50 values of AgNPs following 24hrs-exposure to the cancer cell line were 18.57 µg/ml . These results clearly indicate that the prolonged treatment significantly reduced the IC50 expense, while extended the toxic relevance [24][25][26][27][28]. In comparison to the activity of other complexs with that of another drug, Cis-platin (a clinical anticancer drug), exposed to the same cancer cell line, the IC50 of each of the drug compounds of [Pt(H2L)(PPh3)] presented in table1 demonstrated greater cytotoxic effects towards cancer cell lines [29][30]. ...
This study aimed to manufacture a new nanoparticle to increase cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles against breast cancer cell line MCF-7. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) induced by Moringa oleifera extract as reducing agent was done in this study. AgNPs were prepared in this study was measured by colour changes, and UV visible spectroscopy. The present study aimed to study the cytotoxic effects of M oleifera extract, and prepared AgNPs. MTT assay were used to study the anti-proliferative activity of the AgNPs and Moringa oleifera extract against MCF-7. The results showed that the AgNPs had cytotocicity effect than Moringa oleifera extractand the highest inhibition of the cell was found in the concentration (100) and the toxicity was gradually decreases to reach the lowest inhibition in the concentration (6.25). In conclusion, the results of present dataTaken suggest that the AgNPs could be promising therapy protocol for other types of cancer cells.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to establish Loratadine [LRD] quantification in purified and capsule formulations using a precise and specific Reversal Phase with a very high-performance liquid Chromatographic [RP-HPLC] technique. The approach was evaluated in agreement with the principles of the International Conference on Harmonization [ICH]. Arcus EP-C18 Ion Pac column, 5 m, 4.6 mm, 250 mm, mobile phase Methanol: Acetonitrile (60:40) v/v. Dibasic potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.2, flow rate 1.0 ml/min.
Design/methodology/approach
The HPLC system used a 340 nm UV detector for testing. A 10-min run time was used for the analysis. At concentrations ranging from 2 to 10 g/ml, the technique was linear ( R ² = 0.9998), exact (intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation [RSD] values 1.0%), accurate (range recovery = 96%–102%), exclusive and strong.
Findings
The detecting and quantitation limits were 0.92 g/ml and 2.15 g/ml, respectively.
Originality/value
The findings demonstrated that the proposed method could accurately determine LRD in bulk and pill dose formats quickly and accurately.
Nanoparticles are a special institution of substances with precise capabilities and significant
applications in many biomedical fields. In the present work zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared
through sol-gel approach. The synthesised nanoparticles were identified through the usage of X-ray
powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In-vitro anticancer activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles towards MCF-7 cell lines using
numerous parameters was investigated. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were determined to exert cell growth
arrest against MCF-7 cell lines. The anti-proliferative efficiency of ZnO nanoparticles was due to cell
dying and inducing apoptosis that were confirmed by the usage of acridine orange/ethidium bromide
dual staining, DAPI staining and genotoxicity assay. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
(RT- PCR) analysis achieved to identify the gene expression of Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and P53. The
results suggested that ZnO nanoparticles might find a wide use in clinical applications and provide
new drug recompense for chemotherapy drugs.
Hesperidin, as a flavonone, is recognized as promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer agent. Its poor bioavailability is crucial bottleneck for therapeutic efficacy. To enhance the stability and bioactive potentials, hesperidin -PLGA-Poloxamer 407 was successfully prepared to minimize or overcome problems associated with hesperidin absorption. The characteristics of nanohesperidin were testing by in vitro dissolution study, XRD, FTIR, PSA and SEM. Antioxidant effects of nanohesperidin were studied. The structure–activity relationship analysis with antioxidant pharmacophore has been performed by using density functional theory method and quantum chemical calculations. The structural properties were investigated using Becke three-parameter hybrid exchange and the Lee–Yang–Parr correction functional methods. Nanohesperidin was found to decrease the H2O2 activity–induced DNA instability. Blood compatibility on human erythrocytes was confirmed by haemolytic and in vitro toxicity assessments. The in vitro anticancer activity of nanohesperidin towards MCF-7 cells using various parameters was carried out. The nanohesperidin was found to exert cell growth arrest, activated DNA fragmentation and induced apoptotic cell death through caspase-3 and p53-dependent pathways. These findings showed that nanohesperidin play an important role in its anticancer effects, suggesting might be used for clinical trials and can represent driving formulation for novel chemotherapeutic agents.
One of the commonest nanoparticles with unique properties is porous silicon nanoparticles (PSNPs). This study aims to prepare PSNPs via an improved method, followed by the investigation of the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized PSPNs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The synthesis of the PSNPs was executed via a modified electrochemical etching process. After the synthesis, the obtained liquid PSNPs were subjected to laser treatment under an Nd-YAG laser condition of laser energy 350 mJ, and wavelength 1064 nm. The synthesized PSNPs were further characterized for functional groups and surface morphology using Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), respectively. With E. coli and S. aureusas the commonest implicated organisms in both adult and childreninfections,there is a need to explore novel antimicrobial agents rather than antibiotics for curtailing these bacterial species. The synthesized PSNPs showed potential antibacterial activity against the studied organisms, although the observed antibacterial activities after the combination of PSNPs with Amoxicillin and Cephalexin were higher compared to the activity of PSNPs alone. These complexes were observed to act on the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and nucleic acid which resulted in an improved cellular permeability due to the loss of membrane integrity and nucleic acid damage. However, there is a need to further investigate the antibacterial activity of PSNPs and its complexes with other antibacterial agents against other disease-causing by other bacterial species.
Linalool is a monoterpene alcohol which occurs naturally in several aromatic plants. The aims of this study are to load Linalool on gold nanoparticles, conjugate the complex with CALNN peptide, and investigate them for in-vitro anticancer activities against breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line. Linalool was obtained with 98% purity while gold nanoparticles and CALNN peptide were chemically synthesized. The formation of LIN-GNPs and LIN-GNPs-CALNN was observed through a color change. These compounds were confirmed and characterized using SEM, DLS, AFM, UV–VIS spectrophotometer, XRD, and FTIR. The free radical scavenging potential of each compound was confirmed based on its stable antioxidant effects using different parameters. Blood compatibility on red blood cells was confirmed by hemolytic and in vitro cytotoxicity assays. The in-vitro anticancer activity of each compound towardMCF-7 cell line was investigated using various parameters. From the results, Linalool, GNPs, LIN-GNPs, and LIN-GNPs-CALNN were found to exert cell growth arrest against MCF-7 cell line. The anti-proliferative effect of these compounds was due to cell death and induction of apoptosis confirmed using acridine orange-Ethidium bromide dual staining, DAPI staining, and electrophoresis analysis of DNA fragmentation. High fluorescent signals specific for the cellular uptake of LIN-GNPs and LIN-GNPs-CALNN into the cytoplasm of the cell line were confirmed. To study the toxicity of LIN-GNPs-CALNN in animal models, the hematological, histopathological, and body weight changes were estimated after 4 weeks of intraperitoneal injection of the compounds into the animal models. Our results demonstrate that Linalool, GNPs, Linalool-GNPs, and Linalool-GNPs-CALNN peptide had no side effects and could be clinically used for future therapeutic purposes.
Poly-l-lysine-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs-PLL) were prepared and used as a novel-carrier for the transfer of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) into neural stem cells (NSCs) under the beneficial influence of an external magnetic field. Pro-BDNF, a gene from human brain cDNA libraries, was obtained by polymerase chain reaction and constructed in a mammalian expression vector (PSecTag2/HygroB). The nanoparticles (NPs) were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential, and Transmission electron microscopy. From the results, the levels of BDNF among the transfected and untransfected cells were 30.326 ± 5.9 and 5.85 ± 3.11 pg/mL, respectively, as detected by an ELISA method. Moreover, the enhanced green fluorescent protein vector was used to evaluate the gene expression efficiency for SPIONs-PLL as a non-viral carrier in NSCs. This was performed under the influence of a magnetic field and the transfection reagents (such as Lipofectamine 2000), which served as a positive control. The histological analysis revealed that the concentration of intracellular NPs was significantly higher than intercellular NPs. These results suggest that SPIONs-PLL can serve as a novel alternative for the transfection of BDNF-NSCs and could be used in gene therapy.
Carbon nanoparticles CNPs ecorated by copper oxide nano-sized particles would be successfully equipped using technique named pulsed laser ablation in liquid. The XRD pattern proved the presence of phases assigned to carbon and different phases of copper oxide. The chemical structure of the as-prepared nanoparticles samples was decided by Energy Dispersive Spectrum (EDS) measurement. EDS analysis results show the contents of Carbon, Oxygen and Copper in the final product. These nanoparticles were spherical shaped with a size distribution 10 to 80 nm or carbon nanoparticles and 5 to 50 nm for carbon decorated copper oxide nanoparticles, according to Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images and particle-size distribution histogram. It was found that after doping with copper oxide, nanoparticles become smaller and more regular in shape. Optical absorption spectra of prepared nanoparticles were measured using UV–VIS spectroscopy. The absorption spectrum of carbon nanoparticles without doping indicates absorption peak at about 228 nm. After doping with copper oxide, absorption shows appearance of new absorption peak at about (254-264) nm, which is referred to the movement of the charge between 2p and 4s band of Cu2+ ions.
In the present study, antimicrobial activity of Linalool loaded on Glutathione-modified Gold nanoparticles prepared by novel method was investigated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Linalool-gold nanoparticles (LIN-GNPs) against Gram's positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Gram's negative bacteria Escherichia coli, and against Leishmania tropica. Gold nanoparticles were synthesized using the chemical method. Colour change, UV-Vis spectrum, FTIR and SEM confirmed the characterization of gold nanoparticles and LIN-GNPs. The antibacterial study was including agar well diffusion method, MIC, MBC. The mode of action was determined by cellular material release assay, SEM and AO/EtBr for ROS detection. Anti-parasitic activity was evaluated using MTT assay. FTIR spectral analysis investigated that Linalool was loaded on gold nanoparticles. SEM showed that the Gold nanoparticles and LIN-GNPs were generally found to be spherical in shape and the size was ranged 5-11 nm for GNPs and 15-20 nm for LIN-GNPs. The results of antibacterial activity demonstrated that Linalool alone had low activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. While the results showed that gram-positive bacteria were more effective by LIN-GNPs. LIN-GNPs acted on the bacterial cell membrane, resulting in loss of integrity and increased permeability of cell wall and stimulated ROS production that leads to damage of bacterial nucleic acid. The anti-parasitic activity results indicated the high activity of LIN-GNPs on L. tropica compared with Linalool and Gold nanoparticles. These results proved that LIN-GNPs have great potential as antimicrobial activity and could be used as a developing strategy for a successful antimicrobial therapeutic agent.
Magnetite (Fe 3O 4) nanoparticles (MPs) capped with polyethylene glycol (PEG) were prepared by a hydrothermal method, and their antibacterial activity was examined against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Psudomonas aeruginosa. The functionalized NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Thermogravimetry (TG). The average size of the Fe 3O 4 was in the range 9-20nm, while the functionalized PEG-Fe 3O 4 had an average size of 5-15nm. The PEG-Fe 3O 4 exhibited superparamagnetism and high saturation magnetization at room temperature. The antibacterial activity of the Fe 3O 4 and PEG-Fe 3O 4 were evaluated against E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa using the agar well diffusion method. The changes in the morphology of the studied bacterial species were observed via SEM, while the mode of action of the studied agents was determined via the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using Acridine orange-ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) staining method. The results showed that PEG-functionalized magnetic (Fe 3O 4) NPs as a novel DNA-mediated antibacterial agent. The PEG-Fe 3O 4 NPs were observed to destroy the bacterial cells by permeating the bacterial nucleic acid and cytoplasmic membrane, resulting in the loss of cell-wall integrity, nucleic acid damage, and increased cell-wall permeability. The PEG-Fe 3O 4 NPs could serve as a potential antibacterial agent in future biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.
Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) decorated with cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were prepared by laser ablation in water, and their antibacterial activity was examined. X-ray diffraction measurements demonstrated the presence of carbon phases and different CuO phases, and results were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared analysis. Energy- Dispersive spectra showed the presence of C, O, and Cu in the final product. Transmission electron micrographs revealed that the CNPs were 10-80 nm in size and spherical; after being decorated with CuO NPs, particles became 5-50 nm in size and uniform in shape. The absorption spectrum of decorated Nanoparticles indicated the appearance of a new peak at 254-264 nm in addition to the fundamental peak at 228 nm. We then examined the antibacterial activity of the decorated CNPs for both gram-negative and -positive bacteria using the agar-well-diffusion method. The mode of action was determined using acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining to detect reactive oxygen species, and bacterial morphological change was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that CNPs decorated with 43% CuO NPs had the highest antibacterial activity for gram-positive bacteria. The CNPs acted on the cytoplasmic membrane and nucleic acid of bacteria, which led to a loss of cell-wall integrity, increased cell-wall permeability, and nucleic acid damage. The results offer a novel way to synthesis Carbon nanoparticles decorated with cupric oxide nanoparticles and could use them as novel antibacterial agent in future for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.