Luís Reino

Associação Biopolis

Ecological niche models (ENMs) are a powerful tool to predict the spread of invasive alien species (IAS) and support the implementation of actions aiming to reduce the impact of biological invasions. While calibrating ENMs with distribution data from species' native ranges can underestimate the invasion potential due to possible niche shifts, using...

The vast volume of unstructured textual data, such as that found in research papers, news outlets, and technical reports, holds largely untapped potential for ecological research. However, the labour-intensive nature of manually processing such data presents a considerable challenge. In this work, we explore the application of three state-of-the-ar...

Aim Spreading infectious diseases associated with introduced pathogens can have devastating effects on native biota and human livelihoods. We analyse the global distribution of 100 major alien fungal and oomycete pathogens with substantial socio‐economic and environmental impacts and examine their taxonomy, ecological characteristics, temporal accu...

With the increasing recognition of the significance of arachnid conservation, it is crucial to allocate greater efforts towards implementing targeted monitoring programmes. Despite recent studies, our understanding of arachnid populations in Portugal remains limited. This study serves as the initial inventory of arachnids (Araneae and Opiliones) wi...

Introduced alien species are associated with lower taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of native communities and negative impacts on ecosystem functioning. This is particularly evident in habitats where human disturbance may favour alien species, posing an additional stressor on native communities. Following the community resistance hy...

Aim If communities have a ceiling determining the number of species that can coexist, then the ability of alien species to establish at any given location should be related to the quantity of vacant niches available. We developed a new approach to estimate the extent to which niches are vacant and then explored the relationship between vacant niche...

Ecological niche models (ENMs) are a powerful tool to predict the spread of invasive alien species (IAS) and support the implementation of actions aiming to reduce the impact of biological invasions. While calibrating ENMs with distribution data from species' native ranges can underestimate the invasion potential due to possible niche shifts, using...

Advances in ecological research during the last decades have led to an improved understanding of the impacts of alien species. Despite that, the effects of alien macrofungi have often received little attention and are still poorly understood. With the aim of reducing this knowledge gap, we compiled a database of the recorded socio-economic and envi...

Each year, hundreds of scientific works with species' geographical data are published. However, these data can be challenging to identify, collect, and integrate into analytical workflows due to differences in reporting structures, storage formats, and the omission or inconsistency of relevant information and terminology. These difficulties tend to...

Introduced alien species have direct and indirect effects on native communities, leading to lower taxonomic diversity and negative impacts on ecosystem functioning. Moreover, other aspects of diversity could be negatively affected, through alteration of functional and phylogenetic diversity of a community. This is particularly evident in habitats w...

Aim Recent studies highlight the importance of linking landscape ecology and macroecology for a better understanding of broad‐scale biodiversity patterns. The “landscape context effect” denotes that species responses and biodiversity in a focal area are shaped by neighbouring landscape composition and structure outside the focal area. Here, we test...

E-commerce has become a booming market for wildlife trafficking, as online platforms are increasingly more accessible and easier to navigate by sellers, while still lacking adequate supervision. Artificial intelligence models, and specifically deep learning, have been emerging as promising tools for the automated analysis and monitoring of digital...

Despite the growing literature on the topic of freshwater fish invasion, few studies employed a comprehensive analysis of the stages characterizing the invasion process (i.e. invasion pathway), thereby demanding a deeper knowledge to avoid incomplete and unbiased conclusions and give support to adequate management strategies. The aim of the present...

Thanks to the Pan-European Common Birds Monitoring Scheme and Breeding Bird Survey, the temporal changes in abundance of the Red-legged Partridge are known in most countries of its area of distribution. However, these are based on abundance indices and no strong inference is possible about potential causes of local trends. Robust estimates of abund...

The Red-legged Partridge is endemic to the Mediterranean region. It is a resident species from southwestern Europe. Along its range, its abundance is characterized by low abundances in areas with wet climate such as the northern fringe of the Iberian Peninsula and the Atlantic coast of Portugal, France and the UK, and high abundances in areas with...

Red-legged partridge is a very adaptable species that can be found in a wide variety of habitats and climates. Nevertheless, it is in agrarian pseudo- steppes of the Mediterranean basin where partridges reach their highest densities. In this chapter we reviewed habitat preferences for red-legged partridges during their life cycle along their range....

Alien bird species often negatively interact with native bird species leading to local biodiversity loss and trait homogenisation. Our aim was to assess bird communities resilience to alien bird species in highly human-modified landscape. We surveyed 189 randomly distributed points (stratified sampling: urban, agricultural and forest areas) using p...

Aim To uncover the biogeography of non‐native macrofungal diversity worldwide, by analysing patterns and drivers of (1) regional variation in species richness, (2) compositional similarity between regional species assemblages and (3) the spatiotemporal trends of first records. Location Global. Methods We used a database providing 1608 distributio...

Alien species can replace native species, occupying the same phylogenetic and functional space in native assemblage, leading to local biodiversity loss and biotic homogenization. This is the case when alien birds negatively interact with native bird species. Additionally, in urban and agricultural areas, land-use changes may favour alien birds, pos...

Humans have moved species away from their native ranges since the Neolithic, but globalization accelerated the rate at which species are being moved. We fitted more than half million distribution models for 610 traded bird species on the CITES list to examine the separate and joint effects of global climate and land‐cover change on their potential...

Large scale afforestation (i.e., establishment of forests on farmland, grassland and other land not previously forested) is increasingly regarded as a cost-effective option to mitigate climate change by promoting carbon sequestration. However, this strategy can have negative biodiversity impacts, potentially causing the loss and fragmentation of op...

Despite posing a serious threat to global biodiversity, national and international management efforts have not been able to limit the spread of most invasive species. In highly dispersive species, local invasions may be followed by regional range expansion that crosses international borders. In such cases, independent management efforts of the inva...

Results from the 1st census of the wintering population of Short-eared owl Asio flammeus in Portugal (2021/22)

Morphology, habitat and various selective pressures (e.g., social and sexual selection) can influence the evolution of acoustic signals, but the relative importance of their effects is not well understood. The order Psittaciformes (parrots, sensu lato) is a large clade of very vocal and often gregarious species for which large‐scale comparative stu...

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused immense social and economic costs worldwide. Most experts endorse the view that the virus has a zoonotic origin with the final spillover being associated with wildlife trade. Besides human consumption, wild animals are also extensively traded as pets. Information on zoonotic diseases has been reported to reduce co...

Biological invasions are widely recognised as a significant threat to biodiversity, a driver of global change and a relevant economic problem. Actions to control or eradicate invasive alien species (IAS) can cause great controversy, especially when targeted species are charismatic. Thus, better understanding people’s perceptions of invasive species...

Mediterranean pastures are experiencing strong changes in management, involving shifts from sheep to cattle-based livestock systems. The impacts of such shifts on biodiversity are still poorly understood. Here, we sought to contrast the grazing regime, vegetation structure, bird species richness and abundance, between sheep and cattle grazed parcel...

Invasive alien species are considered a major threat to biodiversity and seriously impact the economy and public health of recipient regions. Identifying the determinants of protected areas’ vulnerability to the establishment of invasive alien species (IAS) may improve management, prevention and early warning systems of biological invasions. We eli...

We present a dataset that assembles occurrence records of alien tetrapods (amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) in the Iberian Peninsula, a coherent biogeographically unit where introductions of alien species have occurred for millennia. These data have important potential applications for ecological research and management, including the asses...

Here we report the introduction and first observed breeding of the Arabian Serin Crithagra rothschildi in the eastern Arabian Peninsula. Although this species is the most widely distributed endemic bird in the western highlands of the Arabian Peninsula, this record represents a range expansion of approximately 1200 km beyond its established native...

Purpose of Review Despite the decades-long recognition of the importance of scaling in ecology, our knowledge about many ecological patterns and processes is still largely restricted to particular spatial and temporal scale domains with relatively narrow ranges. There is no exception when it comes to the study of biodiversity, one of the most impor...

Aim The aim was to document the impact of the globalization of human activity on the biodiversity and biogeographical patterns of reptilian and amphibian faunas across islands worldwide. Location Islands worldwide. Time period From the 15th century to the present time. Major taxa studied Reptiles and amphibians. Methods We compiled lists of the...

Here, we present a database on the global alien distribution of macrofungi species. Data on the distribution of alien macrofungi were searched in a large number of data sources, including scientific publications, grey literature and online databases. The database compiled includes 1966 records (i.e. species x region combinations) representing 2 phy...

Alien invasive species are major drivers of ecological change worldwide, being especially detrimental in oceanic islands, where they constitute one of the greatest threats to the survival of native species. Ring-necked parakeets Psittacula krameri are popular pets and individuals escaped from captivity have formed multiple self-sustainable populati...

Combining biodiversity conservation with the agricultural production needed to meet the rising world food demand is a global challenge. This is a case in point for olive farming in the Mediterranean region, where high-yielding intensive and super-intensive orchards are fast expanding, often replacing biodiversity-rich but low-yielding traditional o...

Understanding the factors influencing the establishment of non-native species is pivotal with regards to the development of effective biosecurity policies. In this paper, we aim to assess the role of climate matching, trade patterns and breeding origin as drivers of establishment success of introduced lovebirds (Agapornis species). A comprehensive...

This 381-paged book covers the biology, ecology, impact and management of 34 common alien invasive species, with reviews on the history and context of avian introductions and invasions in five major regions (Oceania, Africa, Europe (including the Middle East, Asia and South America)), as well as management challenges and the potential of citizen sc...

Wildlife trade is a profitable economic activity. Birds are among the most heavily traded animals worldwide, with numerous species threatened by pet trade. Information on both legal and illegal aspects of trade and consumer demand is difficult to obtain across different countries, particularly given substantial socio-economic and cultural variation...

Globally, the number of invasive alien species (IAS) continues to increase and management and policy responses typically need to be adopted before conclusive empirical evidence on their environmental and socioeconomic impacts are available. Consequently, numerous protocols exist for assessing IAS impacts and differ considerably in which evidence th...

Large-scale afforestation of agricultural land was carried out in the 1990s under the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union. This policy aimed at delivering environmental benefits, amongst them positive biodiversity effects. However, knowledge of the long-term biodiversity impacts of these afforestation schemes remains very limited, part...

Aim The aim was to assess whether and to what extent the role of local landscape attributes in shaping macroscopic biodiversity patterns is sensitive to spatial and thematic resolutions of land cover data. Location Sub‐Saharan Africa and continental China. Time period Early 21st century. Taxa studied Terrestrial mammals. Methods We conducted sp...

BACKGROUND The monk parakeet Myiopsitta monachus (Boddaert), native to South America, is an invasive species in several European countries, causing crop damage and potential negative impacts on wildlife. Only Spain and Great Britain have regulations to control monk parakeets, thus fast growth and spread of populations are likely to occur on a wide...

A peer-reviewed open-access journal NeoBiota Rachel L. White et al. / NeoBiota 48: 45-69 (2019) 46 Abstract Globally, the number of invasive alien species (IAS) continues to increase and management and policy responses typically need to be adopted before conclusive empirical evidence on their environmental and socioeconomic impacts are available. C...

The exotic terrestrial fauna in Portugal composed of mammals, reptiles and invertebrates. Its origin and the pathways of introduction vary according to the taxonomic group, ranging from accidental introduction, for example invertebrates, to purposive, following various human interests. Mammals and invertebrates have the greatest economic, social an...

There is no sign of saturation in accumulation of alien species (AS) introductions worldwide, additionally the rate of spread for some species has also been shown to be increasing. However, the challenges of gathering information on AS are recognized. Recent developments in citizen science (CS) provide an opportunity to improve data flow and knowle...

Land use intensification may create habitats that organisms perceive as suitable, but where reproduction or survival is insufficient to maintain self-sustaining populations. Such conditions may qualify as ecological traps, but their existence is often hard to prove. Here we provide a practical framework to evaluate a potential ecological trap resul...

Several studies estimating the effects of global environmental change on biodiversity are focused on climate change. Yet, non-climatic factors such as changes in land cover can also be of paramount importance. This may be particularly important for habitat specialists associated with human-dominated landscapes, where land cover and climate changes...

Invasive species often damage the ecosystems they colonise. But non-harmful biological invasions also exist in nature, and understanding which biological invasions are ecologically benign is important for prioritizing conservation goals. As a case study, we review research on the biological invasion of the Iberian Peninsula by the common waxbill (...

High Nature Value (HNV) farmland is declining in the EU, with negative consequences for biodiversity conservation. Agri-environment schemes implemented under the Common Agricultural Policy have addressed this problem, with recent proposals advocating direct support to HNV farming systems. However, research is lacking on the economics of HNV farming...

Cambridge Core - Natural Resource Management, Agriculture, Horticulture and forestry - Ecology and Conservation of Forest Birds - edited by Grzegorz Mikusiński

Wildlife trade is a major pathway for introduction of invasive species worldwide. However, how exactly wildlife trade influences invasion risk, beyond the transportation of individuals to novel areas, remains unknown. We analyze the global trade network of wild-caught birds from 1995 to 2011 as reported by CITES (Convention on International Trade i...

Macro-scale patterns of human systems ranging from population distribution to linguistic diversity have attracted recent attention, giving rise to the suggestion that macroecological rules shape the assembly of human societies. However, in which aspects the geography of our own species is shaped by macroecological factors remains poorly understood....

The Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical of the University of Lisbon, which resulted from the recent merger (in 2015) of the former state laboratory Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical in the University of Lisbon, holds an important collection of bird skins from the Portuguese-speaking African Countries (Angola, Mozambique, São T...

The monk parakeet Myiopsitta monachus is an invasive species widely distributed across the world. Invasive populations have been reported from several European countries, but data on population sizes and trends are scarce and often outdated. From 2015 to 2017, we have conducted a census across Europe to update monk parakeet population sizes and ana...

With the increasing awareness of the need for Orthoptera conservation, greater efforts must be gathered to implement specific monitoring schemes. Despite recent surveys, little is known about Portuguese Orthoptera populations. This study was performed in 2014 and 2015 mainly in Castro Verde Special Protection Area (SPA), southern Portugal, and is t...

Table S1. Species frequency of occurrence per habitat

Wildlife trade is currently the most important and increasing source of vertebrate invasive species. However, exhaustive analyses of potential side effects of trade regulations on this pathway of introduction are lacking. We addressed this by combining environmental niche models and global trade data on parrots (Psittaciformes), one of the most wid...

1.Spatial variation in species composition (β-diversity) is an important component of farmland biodiversity, which together with local richness (α-diversity) drives the number of species in a region (γ-diversity). However, β-diversity is seldom used to inform conservation, due to limited understanding of its responses to agricultural management, an...

Conserving biodiversity on farmland is an essential element of worldwide efforts for reversing the global biodiversity decline. Common approaches involve improving the natural component of the landscape by increasing the amount of natural and seminatural habitats (e.g., hedgerows, woodlots, and ponds) or improving the production component of the la...

Alien species are the second leading cause of the global biodiversity crisis, after habitat loss and fragmentation. Popular pet species, such as parrots and parakeets (Aves, Psittaciformes), are often introduced outside their native range as a result of the pet trade. On escape from captivity, some such species, such as the ring–necked parakeet and...

Red-legged partridges Alectoris rufa are one of the most important game species in extensively managed Mediterranean agro-forest systems. Population declines have led to management to increase their populations. This includes the creation of game crops, but their efficacy for red-legged partridges has not been tested. We developed in October 1996 a...

La única población andaluza de fartet (Aphanius iberus) se encuentra en el tramo medio-bajo de la cuenca del río Adra, límite meridional en la distribución de este endemismo ibérico. La especie ha sufrido importantes reducciones poblacionales durante la última década debido a una creciente presión antropogénica. En este trabajo mostramos algunas me...

Afforestation of open landscapes is one of the main land use changes underway in many parts of the world, yet implications of this conversion for biodiversity remain poorly studied. In Mediterranean regions, forest planting in open farmland has increased in recent decades, mainly in areas undergoing rural depopulation and abandonment of poorly prod...

Afforestation of open agricultural land is increasingly used to deliver environmental benefits, such as natural habitat restoration and reduction in soil erosion. However, it is largely unknown how afforestation in Mediterranean open farmland landscapes affect invertebrate diversity and community composition. To do so, we sampled Orthoptera species...

Aim The study of areas of sympatry of species with predominantly parapatric distributions can provide valuable insights into their evolutionary history and the factors shaping patterns of species co-occurrence. This information is key in biogeography, evolutionary biology and conservation planning. In this study we analyse the distributions of two...

Of all alien parrots, the rose-ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri is the most successful invasive species, with established populations in at least 35 countries. This paper reports a study, conducted from March to August 2015, on the population size in Lisbon (Portugal) using roost counts. We found only one important roost for this parrot in Campo...

The former Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical-IICT (Lisbon, Portugal), recently integrated into the University of Lisbon, gathers important natural history collections from Portuguese-speaking African countries. In this study, we describe the bird collection from the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, which was fully taxonomic...

Species lists referred in Tables 1 and 2 showing correspondence between scientific and common names between IOC and BirdLife Internaction/IUCN nomenclatures

Context. Agricultural intensification is a leading cause of landscape homogenization, with negative consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Conserving or promoting heterogeneity requires a detailed understanding of how farm management affects, and is affected by, landscape characteristics. Objectives. We assessed relationships between...

We live in paradoxical times. On the one hand, it is difficult to publish in high-level, open access, and well established journals, whilst on the other hand, an ever-increasing body of journals are being established, often based on an unscrupulous strategy of pay and publish. For publication houses, the market ecology is special (Sagarin & Pauchar...

El tramo medio-bajo de la cuenca del río Adra sufre una importante presión antropogénica, principalmente por la extracción de agua del río y acuíferos asociados para usos agrícolas. Los principales ecosistemas acuáticos son el propio río Adra y el complejo lagunar costero de las Albuferas de Adra. Las balsas y canales de riego tienen también una gr...

Aim It has been well demonstrated that the large‐scale distribution patterns of numerous species are driven by similar macroecological factors. However, understanding of this topic remains limited when applied to our own species. Here we take a large‐scale look at ancient agriculturalist populations over the past two millennia. The main aim of this...