Lorenzo Viliani

INFN - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare | INFN · Florence

The BLEMAB European project (BLast furnace stack density Estimation through online Muon ABsorption measurements), the evolution of the previous Mu-Blast European project, is designed to investigate in detail the capability of muon radiography techniques applied to the imaging of the inner zone of a blast furnace. In particular, the goal of this col...

Muon Radiography or muography is based on the measurement of the absorption or scattering of cosmic muons, as they pass through the interior of large scale bodies, In particular, absorption muography has been applied to investigate the presence of hidden cavities inside the pyramids or underground, as well as the interior of volcanoes’ edifices. Th...

With the ever growing amount of data collected by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the CERN LHC, fiducial and differential measurements of the Higgs boson production cross section have become important tools to test the standard model predictions with an unprecedented level of precision, as well as seeking deviations that can manifest the presence...

The European project called BLEMAB (BLast furnace stack density Estimation through on-line Muons ABsorption measurements), provides for the application of the muon radiography technique in the industrial environment. The project represents a non-invasive way of monitoring a blast furnace and in particular aims to study the geometric and density dev...

With the ever growing amount of data collected by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the CERN LHC, fiducial and differential measurements of the Higgs boson production cross section have become important tools to test the standard model predictions with an unprecedented level of precision, as well as seeking deviations that can manifest the presence...

The BLEMAB European project (BLast furnace stack density Estimation through on-line Muon ABsorption measurements), evolution of the previous Mu-Blast European project, is designed to investigate in detail the capability of muon radiography techniques applied to the imaging of a blast furnace’s inner zone. In particular, the geometry and size of the...

In the last twenty years several applications of muography (or muon radiography) technique have been carried out for geological purposes. Among them, particular attention was given to underground ore bodies prospections. For thousands of years humans have been searching new methods to understand where to find underground ore bodies and how to local...

The MURAVES experiment aims at the muographic imaging of the internal structure of the summit of Mt. Vesuvius, exploiting muons produced by cosmic rays. Though presently quiescent, the volcano carries a dramatic hazard in its highly populated surroundings. The challenging measurement of the rock density distribution in its summit by muography, in c...

In the context of recent developments in volcanic muography, we describe an experiment at Vesuvius, the volcano near Naples that destroyed Pompeii and Herculaneum (Italy) in 79 CE. This volcano is about 1,200 m high with a typical summit caldera formed by Mount Somma. Vesuvius is among the highest‐risk volcanoes in the world due to its highly explo...

The BLEMAB European project (BLast furnace stack density Estimation through on-line Muon ABsorption measurements), evolution of the previous Mu-Blast European project, is designed to investigate in detail the capability of muon radiography techniques applied to the imaging of a blast furnace's inner zone. In particular, the geometry and size of the...

Animal burrows in a river's earthen levee leads to water piping phenomena causing structural damage and eventual collapse during floods. Currently, the state of the art comprises case studies that deal with management and maintenance, while very few documents attempt at assessing possible animal-induced failure mechanisms. For the latter, detection...

Results of an extensive R&D program aiming at radiation hard, small pitch, 3D pixel sensors are reported. The CMS experiment is supporting this R&D in the scope of the Inner Tracker upgrade for the High Luminosity phase of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). In the HL-LHC the Inner Tracker will have to withstand an integrated fluence up to 2.3...

The High Luminosity upgrade of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) calls for new high radiation tolerant solid-state pixel sensors, capable of surviving irradiation fluences up to a few 1016 neq/cm2 at ∼ 3 cm from the interaction point. The INFN ATLAS-CMS joint research activity, in collaboration with Fondazione Bruno Kessler, is aiming at the...

Simplified Template Cross Sections (STXS) have been adopted by the LHC experiments as a common framework for Higgs measurements. Their purpose is to reduce the theoretical uncertainties that are directly folded into the measurements as much as possible, while at the same time allowing for the combination of the measurements between different decay...

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Muography (or muon radiography) is a technique that exploits the penetration capability of muons, elementary particles similar to electrons but with a mass about 200 times larger. High energy muons are naturally produced in the interactions of cosmic rays with the Earth atmosphere. The measurement of their absorption in matter allows the imaging of...

Muon absorption radiography is an imaging technique based on the measurement of the absorption of cosmic ray muons. This technique has recently been used successfully to investigate the presence of unknown cavities in the Bourbon Gallery in Naples and in the Chephren Pyramid at Cairo. The MIMA detector (Muon Imaging for Mining and Archaeology) is a...

A novel algorithm developed within muon radiography to localize objects or cavities hidden inside large material volumes was recently proposed by some of the authors (Bonechi et al. 2015 J. Instrum. 10 , P02003 ( doi:10.1088/1748-0221/10/02/P02003 )). The algorithm, based on muon back projection, helps to estimate the three-dimensional position and...

Cosmic-ray muon radiography (muography), an imaging technique that can provide measurements of rock densities within the top few 100 m of a volcanic cone, has now achieved a spatial resolution of the order of 10 m in optimal detection conditions. Muography provides images of the top region of a volcano edifice with a resolution that is considerably...

Muon radiography is an imaging technique based on the measurement of the absorption of cosmic ray muons. This technique has recently been used successfully to investigate the presence of unknown cavities in the Bourbon Gallery in Naples and in the Cheops Pyramid at Cairo. The MIMA detector (Muon Imaging for Mining and Archaeology) is a muon tracker...

The Muon Imaging for Mining and Archaeology (MIMA) project aims at the development of a non-invasive technique for imaging dense structures or cavities, hidden in the underground or anyway surrounded by huge volumes of matter, based on Muon Absorption Radiography. Given its natural multidisciplinary, the final purpose is the validation of this meth...

Searches for resonant and nonresonant pair-produced Higgs bosons (HH) decaying respectively into ℓνℓν, through either W or Z bosons, and \( \mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}} \) are presented. The analyses are based on a sample of proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integra...

This paper reports on the INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy) research activity in collaboration with FBK foundry, which is aiming at the development of new pixel detectors for the LHC Phase-2 upgrades. The R&D covers both planar pixel devices and 3D detectors built using columnar technology. All sensors are low thickness n-in-p typ...

A search for narrow vector resonances decaying into quark-antiquark pairs is presented. The analysis is based on data collected in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The hypothetical resonance is produced with sufficiently high transverse moment...

The Muon Imaging for Mining and Archaeology (MIMA) project aims at the development of a non-invasive technique for imaging dense structures or cavities, hidden in the underground or anyway surrounded by huge volumes of matter, based on Muon Absorption Radiography. Given its natural multidisciplinary, the final purpose is the validation of this meth...

Measurements of differential \( \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} \) production cross sections are presented in the single-lepton decay channel, as a function of a number of kinematic event variables. The measurements are performed with proton-proton collision data at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC during 2016, with...

Measurements are presented of the lifetimes of the B0, Bs0, Λb0, and Bc+ hadrons using the decay channels B0→J/ψK∗(892)0, B0→J/ψKS0, Bs0→J/ψπ+π-, Bs0→J/ψϕ(1020), Λb0→J/ψΛ0, and Bc+→J/ψπ+. The data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7fb-1, was collected by the CMS detector at the LHC in proton–proton collisions at s=8TeV. The B0...

A search for a heavy neutral lepton N of Majorana nature decaying into a W boson and a charged lepton is performed using the CMS detector at the LHC. The targeted signature consists of three prompt charged leptons in any flavor combination of electrons and muons. The data were collected in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 T...

A search for resonancelike structures in the Bs0π± invariant mass spectrum is performed using proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at s=8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. The Bs0 mesons are reconstructed in the decay chain Bs0→J/ψϕ, with J/ψ→μ+μ− and ϕ→K+K−. The Bs0π± invariant mass dis...

The prompt D0 meson azimuthal anisotropy coefficients, v2 and v3, are measured at midrapidity (|y|<1.0) in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy sNN=5.02 TeV per nucleon pair with data collected by the CMS experiment. The measurement is performed in the transverse momentum (pT) range of 1 to 40 GeV/c, for central and midcentral collisions. Th...

A search for narrow resonances decaying to bottom quark-antiquark pairs is presented, using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at s=8 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. The search is extended to masses lower than those reached in typical searches for resonances decaying into jet pairs at the LHC, by taking advantage...

A search for long-lived particles was performed with data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.6 fb^(−1) collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the CMS experiment in 2015. The analysis exploits two customized topological trigger algorithms, and uses the multiplicity of displaced jets to search for the presence of a signal decay...

Many measurements and searches for physics beyond the standard model at the LHC rely on the efficient identification of heavy-flavour jets, i.e. jets originating from bottom or charm quarks. In this paper, the discriminating variables and the algorithms used for heavy-flavour jet identification during the first years of operation of the CMS experim...

A search for supersymmetry (SUSY) is performed in final states comprising one or more jets and missing transverse momentum using data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data were recorded with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The number of signal e...

Modifications of the properties of jets in PbPb collisions, relative to those in pp collisions, are studied at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{N}\;\mathrm{N}}}=5.02 \) TeV via correlations of charged particles with the jet axis in relative pseudorapidity (Δη), relative azimuth (Δϕ), and relative angular distance from...

A search for a new heavy particle decaying to a pair of vector bosons (WW or WZ) is presented using data from the CMS detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1 collected in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016. One of the bosons is required to be a W boson decaying to eν or μν, while the other...

A search is presented for the decays of heavy exotic long-lived particles (LLPs) that are produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC and come to rest in the CMS detector. Their decays would be visible during periods of time well separated from proton-proton collisions. Two decay scenarios of stopped LL...

A search is presented for new physics in events with two low-momentum, oppositely charged leptons (electrons or muons) and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9. The observed event yields are co...

A search for a heavy right-handed W boson (WR) decaying to a heavy right-handed neutrino and a charged lepton in events with two same-flavor leptons (e or μ) and two jets, is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data, collected by the CMS Collaboration at the LHC in 2016 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 f...

The transverse momentum (pT) spectrum of prompt D⁰ mesons and their antiparticles has been measured via the hadronic decay channels D⁰→K⁻π⁺ and D‾⁰→K⁺π⁻ in pp and PbPb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair with the CMS detector at the LHC. The measurement is performed in the D⁰ meson pT range of 2–100GeV/c and in the ra...

Charge-dependent azimuthal correlations of same- and opposite-sign pairs with respect to the second- and third-order event planes have been measured in pPb collisions at sNN=8.16TeV and PbPb collisions at 5.02 TeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement is motivated by the search for the charge separation phenomenon predicted by the chi...

An analysis of the bottom baryon decay Λb→J/ψ(→μ+μ−)Λ(→pπ−) is performed to measure the Λb polarization and three angular parameters in data from pp collisions at s=7 and 8 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The Λb polarization is measured to be 0.00±0.06(stat)±0.06(syst) and the parity-violating asymmetry parameter...

A search is presented for heavy vectorlike quarks (VLQs) that couple only to light quarks in proton-proton collisions at s=8 TeV at the LHC. The data were collected by the CMS experiment during 2012 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. Both single and pair production of VLQs are considered. The single-production search is perfor...

Results are presented from a search in the dijet final state for new massive narrow resonances decaying to pairs of W and Z bosons or to a W/Z boson and a quark. Results are based on data recorded in proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The mass ran...

Results are presented from a search in the dijet final state for new massive narrow resonances decaying to pairs of W and Z bosons or to a W/Z boson and a quark. Results are based on data recorded in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The mass ra...

Data from heavy ion collisions suggest that the evolution of a parton shower is modified by interactions with the color charges in the dense partonic medium created in these collisions, but it is not known where in the shower evolution the modifications occur. The momentum ratio of the two leading partons, resolved as subjets, provides information...

The relative yields of ϒ mesons produced in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV and reconstructed via the dimuon decay channel are measured using data collected by the CMS experiment. Double ratios are formed by comparing the yields of the excited states, ϒ(2S) and ϒ(3S), to the ground state, ϒ(1S), in both Pb-Pb and pp collisions at the same c...

An inclusive search for anomalous Higgs boson production in the diphoton decay channel and in association with at least one jet is presented, using LHC proton–proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb−1. The razor variables MR and R2, as well as...

A study of the associated production of a \(\mathrm{Z} \) boson and a charm quark jet (\(\mathrm{Z} + \mathrm{c} \)), and a comparison to production with a \(\mathrm{b} \) quark jet (\(\mathrm{Z} + \mathrm{b} \)), in \(\mathrm {p}\mathrm {p}\) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8\(\,\text {TeV}\) are presented. The analysis uses a data sample...

A search is presented for excited quarks of light and heavy flavor that decay to γ+jet final states. The analysis is based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb−1 collected by the CMS experiment in proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV at the LHC. A signal would appear as a resonant contribution to the invariant mass spectrum of...

Data from heavy ion collisions suggest that the evolution of a parton shower is modified by interactions with the color charges in the dense partonic medium created in these collisions, but it is not known where in the shower evolution the modifications occur. The momentum ratio of the two leading partons, resolved as subjets, provides information...

A search for new physics in events with a Z boson produced in association with large missing transverse momentum at the LHC is presented. The search is based on the 2016 data sample of proton-proton collisions recorded with the CMS experiment at s = 13 TeV , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb - 1 . The results of this sea...

Angular distributions of the decay B0→K⁎0μ+μ− are studied using a sample of proton–proton collisions at s=8TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.5fb−1. An angular analysis is performed to determine the P1 and P5′ parameters, where the P5′ parameter is of particular interest because of recent...

A search is presented for single production of a vector-like quark (T) decaying to a Z boson and a top quark, with the Z boson decaying leptonically and the top quark decaying hadronically. The search uses data collected by the CMS experiment in proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016, corresponding to an integrated lu...

Normalized differential cross sections for top quark pair production are measured in the dilepton (e+e−, μ+μ−, and μ∓e±) decay channels in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The measurements are performed with data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.1 fb−1 using the CMS detector at the LHC. The cross sections...

This paper presents combinations of inclusive and differential measurements of the charge asymmetry (AC) in top quark pair \( \left(\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\right) \) events with a lepton+jets signature by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations, using data from LHC proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The data corres...

A search is reported for heavy resonances decaying into eμ final states in proton-proton collisions recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The search focuses on resonance masses above 200 GeV. With no evidence found for physics beyond the standard model in the...

A search for a new heavy particle decaying to a pair of vector bosons (WW or WZ) is presented using data from the CMS detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb[superscript −1] collected in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016. One of the bosons is required to be a W boson decaying to eν or μν, wh...

A new CMS Tracker is under development for operation at the High Luminosity LHC from 2026 onwards. It includes an outer tracker based on dedicated modules that will reconstruct short track segments, called stubs, using spatially coincident clusters in two closely spaced silicon sensor layers. These modules allow the rejection of low transverse mome...

A search for the production of Higgs boson pairs in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is presented, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb−1 collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events with one Higgs boson decaying into two bottom quarks and the other decaying into two τ leptons ar...

A search is performed for the pair production of spin-3/2 excited top quarks, each decaying to a top quark and a gluon. The search uses the data collected with the CMS detector from proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. Events are selected by requiring an isolated muon...

Differential production cross sections of prompt J/ψ and ψ(2S) charmonium and ϒ(nS) (n=1,2,3) bottomonium states are measured in proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV, with data collected by the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb⁻¹ for the J/ψ and 2.7 fb⁻¹ for the other mesons. The five quarkonium states are...

A search for heavy resonances decaying to a pair of Z bosons is performed using data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events are selected by requiring two oppositely charged leptons (electrons or muons), consistent with the decay of a Z boson, and large missing transverse momentum, which is interpreted as arising from the decay of a seco...

Results are presented from a search for supersymmetry in events with a single electron or muon and hadronic jets. The data correspond to a sample of proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV with an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb⁻¹, recorded in 2016 by the CMS experiment. A number of exclusive search regions are defined according to the number of jets,...

Search results are presented for physics beyond the standard model in final states with two opposite-charge, same-flavor leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016. The ana...

Events with no charged particles produced between the two leading jets are studied in proton-proton collisions at \(\sqrt{s}=7\) \(\,\text {TeV}\). The jets were required to have transverse momentum \(p_{\mathrm {T}} ^{\text {jet}}>40\) \(\,\text {GeV}\) and pseudorapidity \(1.5<|\eta ^{\text {jet}} |<4.7\), and to have values of \(\eta ^{\text {je...

The top quark pair production cross section \( \left({\sigma}_{\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}}\right) \) is measured for the first time in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The data were collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb−1. The measurement is performed by analyzing...

Measurements of differential cross sections dσ/dϕ* and double-differential cross sections d2σ/dϕ*d|y| for inclusive Z boson production are presented using the dielectron and dimuon final states. The kinematic observable ϕ* correlates with the dilepton transverse momentum but has better resolution, and y is the dilepton rapidity. The analysis is bas...

A statistical combination of several searches for the electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos is presented. All searches use proton-proton collision data at √s = 13 TeV, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb [superscript −1]. In addition to the combination of previous...

A bstract A statistical combination of several searches for the electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos is presented. All searches use proton-proton collision data at $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ s = 13 TeV, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb ⁻¹ . In addition to the combinatio...

The transverse momentum balance of pairs of back-to-back b quark jets in PbPb and pp collisions recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC is reported. The center-of-mass energy in both collision systems is 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. Compared to the pp collision baseline, b quark jets have a larger imbalance in the most central PbPb collisions, as e...

Results are presented from a search for natural gauge-mediated supersymmetry (SUSY) in a scenario in which the top squark is the lightest squark, the next-to-lightest SUSY particle is a bino-like neutralino, and the lightest SUSY particle is the gravitino. The strong production of top squark pairs can produce events with pairs of top quarks and neu...

The azimuthal anisotropy Fourier coefficients (vn) in 8.16 TeV p+Pb data are extracted via long-range two-particle correlations as a function of the event multiplicity and compared to corresponding results in pp and PbPb collisions. Using a four-particle cumulant technique, vn correlations are measured for the first time in pp and p+Pb collisions....

The first observation of electroweak production of same-sign W boson pairs in proton-proton collisions is reported. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1 collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events are selected by requiring exactly two leptons (electrons or muons) of the sam...

A search for new physics is presented in final states with two oppositely charged leptons (electrons or muons), jets identified as originating from b quarks, and missing transverse momentum (pTmiss). The search uses proton-proton collision data at s=13 TeV amounting to 35.9 fb−1 of integrated luminosity collected using the CMS detector in 2016. Hyp...

An inclusive search for the standard model Higgs boson (H) produced with large transverse momentum (pT) and decaying to a bottom quark-antiquark pair (bb¯) is performed using a data set of pp collisions at s=13 TeV collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. A highly Lorentz-bo...

Results are reported from a search for new physics in 13 TeV proton-proton collisions in the final state with large missing transverse momentum and two Higgs bosons decaying via H→bb¯. The search uses a data sample accumulated by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The search is motivated b...

A search is presented for the production of vector-like quark pairs, TT‾ or YY‾, with electric charge of 2/3 (T) or −4/3 (Y), in proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV. The data were collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.8fb−1. The T and Y quarks are assumed to decay exclusively to a W boso...

A measurement of the H→ττ signal strength is performed using events recorded in proton–proton collisions by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb−1. The H→ττ signal is established with a significance of 4.9 standard deviations, to be compared to an e...

A measurement is presented of the associated production of a single top quark and a Z boson. The study uses data from proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV recorded by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb⁻¹. Using final states with three leptons (electrons or muons), the tZq production cross section is measured to...

A search for new physics is carried out in events with at least three electrons or muons in any combination, jets, and missing transverse momentum. Results are based on the sample of proton-proton collision data produced by the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and collected by the CMS experiment in 2016. The data sample analyzed corresponds...