Lishuang Lv

Nanjing Normal University · Ginling College,Department of Food Science and Technology

Acrolein (ACR) is a harmful and active aldehyde produced in processed food that endangers foods safety. We undertook this work to explore the ACR-trapping ability of hesperidin (HES) and synephrine (SYN) from the diet. After comparing their ACR-trapping abilities, the reaction pathways of HES and SNY were analyzed using LC-MS/MS, and two adducts (H...

Acrolein (ACR) is a toxic unsaturated aldehyde that is produced during food thermal processing. Here, we investigated the synergistic effect of polyphenols in binary, ternary, and quaternary combinations on ACR by the Chou–Talalay method, and then explored the synergistic effect of cardamonin (CAR), alpinetin (ALP), and pinocembrin (PIN) in fixed p...

Acrolein (ACR) is a highly reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehyde that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of human diseases, such as atherosclerosis and pulmonary, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disorders. We investigated the capture capacity of hesperidin (HES) and synephrine (SYN) on ACR by individual and combined means in vitro, in vivo (uti...

Acrolein (ACR) is frequently produced by the thermal degradation of carbohydrates and amino acids and lipid peroxidation in the thermal processing of food. Long-term exposure to ACR can cause various chronic diseases. Here, we screened two high-temperature-resistant ACR inhibitors, cardamonin (CAR) and alpinetin (ALP), which can interconvert withou...

Acrolein (ACR) is predominantly generated from oil-rich food during thermos- processing. Accumulation of ACR in vivo through food consumption has been associated with an increased risk of developing chronic diseases. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effect of octyl gallate (OG), a new food additive tolerant to high-temperature, alkaline and fat...

Food lipids play an important role in food quality, and their attributes contribute to texture, flavor, and nutrition. However, high-temperature processing leads to lipid peroxidation, degradation, and the formation of reactive carbonyl species (RCS), such as acrolein (ACR), glyoxal (GO), and methylglyoxal (MGO). We investigated the changes in the...

Acrolein (ACR) is a toxic unsaturated aldehyde that is formed during different steps of thermal food processing. Here, we explored the kinetics of curcumin and ACR and elucidated the pathway of curcumin trapping ACR by preparing a mono-adduct of ACR (CMA-1) conjugated with curcumin. The synergistic scavenging effect and mechanism of curcumin combin...

Acrolein (ACR) is found exogenously as a widespread environmental pollutant and endogenously, where it is thought to be involved as a pathogenic factor in the progression of many pathological conditions. Eliminating ACR by dietary-active substances has been found to be one potential strategy to prevent ACR-associated chronic diseases. This study fi...

Increasing evidence has identified the unsaturated aldehyde acrolein (ACR) as the potential factor that causes DNA cross-linking and the development of chronic diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which theophylline (TP) scavenges ACR for the first time. TP efficiently scavenged ACR through forming adducts, whic...

Trapping of methylglyoxal (MGO) has been determined to be one of the potential mechanisms for dietary polyphenols to prevent chronic diseases. In this study, myricetin was demonstrated to efficiently trap MGO to generate mono- and di-MGO adducts under in vitro conditions. Furthermore, the mono- and di-MGO adducts of myricetin were detected in urine...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chemical, enzymatic, chemical–enzymatic, ultrasound-assisted enzymatic, and shear emulsifying-assisted enzymatic extraction methods on the physicochemical, structural, and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber from coffee peel. We found that the highest extraction yield of soluble dietary fiber w...

Acrolein (ACR) is an unsaturated aldehyde with high activity and toxicity and is produced in vivo and in food. This study investigated the impact of B-ring structure on the trapping of ACR by flavonols and the trapping mechanism and efficacy of ACR by myricetin. Galangin, kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin, which possess the same A- and C-ring bu...

Scope: Acrolein is a highly toxic unsaturated aldehyde. Humans are both endogenously and exogenously exposed to acrolein. Long-term exposure to acrolein leads to various chronic diseases. Dietary polyphenols have been reported to be able to attenuate acrolein-induced toxicity in vitro via formation of acrolein-polyphenol conjugates. However, wheth...

Reactive carbonyl species (RCS), such as acrolein (ACR), glyoxal (GO), and methylglyoxal (MGO) have received extensive attention recently due to their high activity and toxicity in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, propyl gallate (PG), a common food antioxidant, was found to effectively trap more ACR than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and b...

Glyoxal (GO) is one of the major toxic intermediates generated during lipid oxidation and degradation. We investigated the inhibitory activities and mechanisms of propyl, octyl, and dodecyl gallates (PG, OG, and DG) on the formation of GO in buffer and during thermo-processing of corn oil, and the anti-carbonyl and antioxidative activities of the m...

In the present study, we investigated the trapping of methylglyoxal (MGO) by propyl gallate (PG), a known food grade antioxidant, and the anti-carbonyl and anti-oxidative properties of the mono-MGO adduct of PG (MM-PG). Our result indicated that more than 77.5% MGO was suppressed by PG after a 30 min incubation of PG with MGO, which was much more e...

Methylglyoxal (MGO), a reactive dicarbonyl species, is thought to contribute to the development of long-term pathological diabetes as a direct toxin or as an active precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Trapping MGO by dietary phenols to inhibit the MGO induced AGE formation is an approach for alleviating diabetic complications. The...

Methylglyoxal (MGO) and glyoxal (GO), α-dicarbonyl compounds found in the Maillard reaction, progressively and irreversibly modify proteins. Beverages are an exogenous source of α-dicarbonyl compounds and may potentially increase MGO and GO levels in vivo. Using GC-FID method, we detected the MGO and GO contents of 86 beverages in Chinese supermark...

Increasing evidence has identified α-dicarbonyl compounds, the reactive intermediates generated during Maillard reaction, as the potential factors to cause protein glycation and the development of chronic diseases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to decrease the levels of reactive dicarbonyl compounds in foods. In this study, we investigated the...

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are formed in β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) glycation systems via the Maillard reaction, have been implicated in diabetes-related long-term complications. In the present study, we found that reaction conditions, including temperature, time, pH, reactant type and molar ratio of beta-lg to a sugar/MGO/GO, can si...

Artemisia selengensis (AS) has been traditionally used as both food and medicine for thousands of years in China. In our studies, L-tryptophan was firstly isolated from the haulm of AS together with luteolin, rutin, and kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including HRMS, 1D and 2D NMR. Three flavono...

Methylglyoxal (MGO) and glyoxal (GO) are not only endogenous metabolites, but also exist in exogenous resources, such as food, beverages, urban atmosphere, and cigarette smoke. They have been identified as reactive dicarbonyl precursors of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) which have been associated with diabetes-related long-term complication...

6-Gingerol, a major pungent component of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae), has been reported to have anti-tumor activities. However, the metabolic fate of 6-gingerol and the contribution of its metabolites to the observed activities are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the biotransformation of 6-gingerol in dif...

Background: Anemia is a hematologic disorder with decreased number of erythrocytes. Erythropoiesis, the process by which red blood cells differentiate, are conserved in humans, mice and zebrafish. The only known agents available to treat pathological anemia are erythropoietin and its biologic derivatives. However, erythropoietin therapy elicits un...

Ginger induces erythrocyte differentiation in mouse erythroblasts. (A) Graph representing the number of proliferating cells after treatment with ginger, as determined by trypan blue exclusion counts using a hemocytometer (viabilities were 72–83% after 5 days in culture). (B) Graph representing the number of differentiated erythroblasts using benzid...

bmp4 expression in late gastrulae exposed to ginger/10-G. Whole mount in situ analysis of bmp expression after treatment with ginger/10-G. The bmp4 expression pattern at 75% epiboly was not affected by short-term treatment with ginger/10-G from sphere (4 hpf) to 75% epiboly (8 hpf) stages during early development. Embryos are oriented with the dors...

Bmp/Smad signaling antagonists inhibit the ginger-induced bmp7a expression in the area of the developing CHT. Whole-mount in situ hybridization of bmp7a in zebrafish embryos, after treatment with Bmp inhibitors and/or ginger/10-G from 10 to 48 hpf. (A) A control embryo. (B) Zebrafish embryos treated with ginger (5 µg/ml). (C–D) Ginger (5 µg/ml) and...

Video of phenylhydrazine-induced anemic zebrafish embryo at 6 dpf showing circulating Tg(gata1:dsRed) fluorescent erythrocytes within the caudal artery. Embryos were treated with phenylhydrazine (0.5 µg/ml) from 33 hpf to 48 hpf and then washed extensively. Video length: 2.5 seconds at 40 frames/second. (MOV)

Inhibition of Bmp/Smad signal using the dorsomorphin analogue DMH-1 abolishes the stimulating effect of ginger on erythrocyte recovery from PHZ-induced anemia. Table summarizing the results of treating zebrafish embryos with DMH-1, which specifically targets the Bmp/Smad signal transduction without affecting the Vegf signaling. Experiments were rep...

Video of normal zebrafish embryo at 3 dpf showing circulating Tg(gata1:dsRed) fluorescent erythrocytes within the caudal artery. Video length: 2.5 seconds at 40 frames/second. (MOV)

Video of phenylhydrazine-induced anemic zebrafish embryo treated with 10-G + DMP at 6 dpf showing circulating Tg(gata1:dsRed) fluorescent erythrocytes within the caudal artery. Embryos were treated with phenylhydrazine (0.5 µg/ml) from 33 hpf to 48 hpf and then washed extensively. The anemic embryos were subsequently treated with 10-G (1 µg/ml) and...

Bmp antagonists, that inhibit the canonical BMP-Smad signaling pathway, suppress the ginger-induced bmp2b expression in the region of the developing CHT. Whole mount in situ hybridization of bmp2b expression in zebrafish embryos after treatment with Bmp inhibitors and/or ginger/10-G from 10 to 48 hpf. (A) A control embryo. (B) Zebrafish embryos tre...

Absence of effect for dorsomorphin treatment of normal and anemic zebrafish embryos on the number of circulating erythrocytes. Table shows the results obtained using the effective concentration of dorsomorphin (0.1 µM). Dorsomorphin alone had no significant effect on the number of circulating erythrocytes within the caudal dorsal aorta, after quant...

Video of untreated normal zebrafish embryo at 5 dpf showing bright field and Tg(gata1:dsRed) fluorescent erythrocytes. The box area highlighted the dorsal aorta with blood flow towards the tail. Video length: 3.0 seconds at 40 frames/second. (MOV)

Video of phenylhydrazine-induced anemic zebrafish embryo at 5 dpf showing highly reduced number of circulating Tg(gata1:dsRed) fluorescent erythrocytes within the caudal artery. Embryos were treated with phenylhydrazine (0.5 µg/ml) from 33 hpf to 48 hpf and then washed extensively. Video length: 2.5 seconds at 40 frames/second. (MOV)

Video of phenylhydrazine-induced anemia of zebrafish embryo at 3 dpf showing no circulating Tg(gata1:dsRed) fluorescent erythrocytes within the caudal artery. Embryos were treated with phenylhydrazine (0.5 µg/ml) from 33 hpf to 48 hpf and then washed extensively (as compared to Video S7). Video length: 2.5 seconds at 40 frames/second. (MOV)

HPLC profile of ginger extract and structures of the major gingerols and shogaols. Left panel: HPLC. Right panel: chemical structures. (TIF)

Ginger treatment of zebrafish embryos does not affect the expression of chd and fgf8. Whole mount in situ of chordin (chd) and fgf8 after treatment with ginger/10-G. Normal expression patterns of both chd at the dorsal margin (left panel) and fgf8 at the dorsal and ventral margins (right panel) at the shield stage after treatment with ginger/10-G....

Up-regulation of hematopoietic progenitor markers scl/tal1 and lmo2 in the CHT at 5 dpf following ginger treatment in anemic zebrafish embryos. (A–B) Whole-mount in situ hybridization of scl/tal1 (A) and lmo2 (B) showing over-expression of these hematopoietic progenitor markers in the CHT (arrows) of anemic embryos treated with ginger extract. Scal...

Video of untreated normal zebrafish embryo at 6 dpf showing circulating Tg(gata1:dsRed) fluorescent erythrocytes within the caudal artery. Video length: 2.5 seconds at 40 frames/second. (MOV)

Video of phenylhydrazine-induced anemic zebrafish embryo treated with ginger at 5 dpf showing circulating Tg(gata1:dsRed) fluorescent erythrocytes within the caudal artery. Embryos were treated with phenylhydrazine (0.5 µg/ml) from 33 hpf to 48 hpf and then washed extensively. The anemic embryos were subsequently treated with ginger extract (2 µg/m...

Video of phenylhydrazine-induced anemic zebrafish embryo treated with 10-G at 6 dpf showing highly reduced number of circulating Tg(gata1:dsRed) fluorescent erythrocytes within the caudal artery. Embryos were treated with phenylhydrazine (0.5 µg/ml) from 33 hpf to 48 hpf and then washed extensively. The anemic embryos were subsequently treated with...

Video of phenylhydrazine-induced anemic zebrafish embryo treated with ginger + DMP at 5 dpf showing circulating Tg(gata1:dsRed) fluorescent erythrocytes within the caudal artery. Embryos were treated with phenylhydrazine (0.5 µg/ml) from 33 hpf to 48 hpf and then washed extensively. The anemic embryos were subsequently treated with ginger extract (...

The protective effects of lotus germ oil on liver and kidney damage by carbon tetrachloride-induced chronic hepatotoxicity in mice, PC-12 cells, and DNA damage were investigated. The mice were treated orally with lotus germ oil or dl-α-tocopherol after administration CCl(4) for 49 consecutive days. The levels of key antioxidant enzymes, such as sup...

Ginger has received extensive attention because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. However, the metabolic fate of its major components is still unclear. In the present study, the metabolism of [6]-shogaol, one of the major active components in ginger, was examined for the first time in mice and in cancer cells. Thirtee...

Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive endogenous metabolite derived from several nonenzymatic and enzymatic reactions, and identified as a well-known precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In the present study, genistein, a naturally occurring isoflavone derived from soy products, demonstrated significant trapping effects of MGO an...

For the first time, a sensitive reversed-phase HPLC electrochemical array method has been developed for the quantitative analysis of 8 major ginger components ([6]-, [8]-, and [10]-gingerol, [6]-, [8]-, and [10]-shogaol, [6]-paradol, and [1]-dehydrogingerdione) in 11 ginger-containing commercial products. This method was valid with unrivaled sensit...

Methylglyoxal (MGO), the reactive dicarbonyl intermediate generated during the nonenzymatic glycation between reducing sugars and amino groups of proteins, lipids, and DNA, is the precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Many studies have shown that AGEs play a major pathogenic role in diabetes and its complications. This study found th...

BACKGROUND: 2,3,5,4′‐Tetrahydroxystilbene‐2‐ O ‐β‐glucopyranoside (SG; a stilbene glycoside) is a major bioactive component of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM), a popular traditional Chinese herb. In this study a method was developed for the separation of SG from PM on macroporous resins. These were selected and optimised using the linear correlat...

The major stilbene glycoside, 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (PM-SG), was purified from the ethanol extract of the roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. In order to better understand the antioxidation mechanism of PM-SG, PM-SG was allowed to react with H2O2, and the reaction products were isolated by chromatography and identi...

Stilbene glycosides were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Two samples were obtained; a fraction separated by macroporous resin and pure crystals of 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β-glucopyranoside. The antioxidant activities of these two samples were evaluated using antioxidant tests of rats in vivo....

Stilbene glycosides (SGs) were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Polygonum multiflorum (PM) Thunb. Three samples were obtained: the crude extract, the fraction separated by macroporous resin and the pure crystal 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. The structure of the crystals was determined by mass spectrometry (...