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Abelhas sem ferrão em fragmentos preservados de floresta com Araucária em Cambará do Sul, RS, com ênfase em Melipona bicolor schencki.

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Letícia Azambuja Lopes
Letícia Azambuja Lopes
Letícia Azambuja Lopes
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Stingless bees are distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of the Earth. A few data in literature concern the species found in subtropical areas, mainly in Neotropica, and their nests. Here we focused a preserved fragment of 250 ha in Cambara do Sul,Rio Grande do Sul, in a Mixed Forest containing Araucaria, rich in Meliponini species and with an apiary established in the area. Stingless bees nests were found in tree hollows and ant hollows when established in soil. The 144 nests were mapped with the GPS. The trees that had nests were identified and their diameters measured, as well The height in the tree where the nest was found. Phytosociology was studied in order to verify the preferences for the use of some species as a nest resource. The distribution and density of nests were also analyzed. Melipona bicolor schenckiwas the species found with the higher number of nests in this area (n=55), found mainly in Lauraceae family, with special focus in Cinnamomum amoemum.The other species found were Plebeia saiquiwith 27 nests; Plebeia emerinawith 12 nests; Plebeia remotawith 10 nests; Melipona obscuriorwith 3 nests, Trigona spinipeswith one nest and the subterranean Schwarziana quadripuncatatawith 36 nests. This is a unique case of a Meliponini neststudy with so many Meliponanests in a fragment. Floral resources used by Melipona bicolor schenckiand by Apis melliferawere identified through the pollinic analysis of the corbiculae pollen loads in the nests entrances. The flower branches were collected, herborized, identified by specialists and a Pallinolycal collection established for two sampled areas: Cambará do Sul and the Biological Station in S. Francisco de Paula. Phenology was also studied in these areas. For Apis mellifera, the pollen loadswere obtained through traps near the entrance of their hives. The pollen was acetholyzed and identified, and the trophic niche of the species compared and evaluated.It was found that there is low floristic similarity between the two study sites and the twobee species studied are specialized in the use of resource pollen.Melipona bicolor schenckiis a threatened bee species in Rio Grande do Sul and this study will contribute to the restoring and management plans for keeping stingless bees, mainly Melipona bicolor schencki, in the subtropical area.
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... Um estudo recente revelou 24 espécies de Meliponini registrados para o Rio Grande do Sul. Os meliponíneos possuem ampla diversidade de locais de nidificação, mas a maioria das espécies depende de árvores vivas para construção dos ninhos (Vergara et al., 1986;Roubik, 1989;Michener, 2000;Batista, 2003;Lopes, 2012;Pedro, 2014;. ...
... Estudos mostram que as famílias vegetais de florestas no Rio Grande do Sul, como Myrtaceae e Asteraceae, além das espécies, Mimosa scabrella (bracatinga), Cupania vernalis (camboatá-vermelho) e Clethra scabra (carne-de-vaca) são importantes recursos alimentares para os meliponíneos (Harter-Marques & Engels, 2003;Ferreira, 2009;Lopes, 2012). As flores de bracatinga são polinizadas por meliponíneos. ...
... As flores de bracatinga são polinizadas por meliponíneos. A carne-de-vaca é utilizada por Melipona bicolor schencki, espécie ameaçada de meliponíneo, para produzir o mel branco dos Campos de Cima da Serra e seus troncos como substratos de nidificação (Lopes, 2012;Witter et al., 2012). ...
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... Um estudo recente revelou 24 espécies de Meliponini registrados para o Rio Grande do Sul. Os meliponíneos possuem ampla diversidade de locais de nidificação, mas a maioria das espécies depende de árvores vivas para construção dos ninhos (Vergara et al., 1986;Roubik, 1989;Michener, 2000;Batista, 2003;Lopes, 2012;Pedro, 2014;. ...
... Estudos mostram que as famílias vegetais de florestas no Rio Grande do Sul, como Myrtaceae e Asteraceae, além das espécies, Mimosa scabrella (bracatinga), Cupania vernalis (camboatá-vermelho) e Clethra scabra (carne-de-vaca) são importantes recursos alimentares para os meliponíneos (Harter-Marques & Engels, 2003;Ferreira, 2009;Lopes, 2012). As flores de bracatinga são polinizadas por meliponíneos. ...
... As flores de bracatinga são polinizadas por meliponíneos. A carne-de-vaca é utilizada por Melipona bicolor schencki, espécie ameaçada de meliponíneo, para produzir o mel branco dos Campos de Cima da Serra e seus troncos como substratos de nidificação (Lopes, 2012;Witter et al., 2012). ...
View
... Um estudo recente revelou 24 espécies de Meliponini registrados para o Rio Grande do Sul. Os meliponíneos possuem ampla diversidade de locais de nidificação, mas a maioria das espécies depende de árvores vivas para construção dos ninhos (Vergara et al., 1986;Roubik, 1989;Michener, 2000;Batista, 2003;Lopes, 2012;Pedro, 2014;. ...
... Estudos mostram que as famílias vegetais de florestas no Rio Grande do Sul, como Myrtaceae e Asteraceae, além das espécies, Mimosa scabrella (bracatinga), Cupania vernalis (camboatá-vermelho) e Clethra scabra (carne-de-vaca) são importantes recursos alimentares para os meliponíneos (Harter-Marques & Engels, 2003;Ferreira, 2009;Lopes, 2012). As flores de bracatinga são polinizadas por meliponíneos. ...
... As flores de bracatinga são polinizadas por meliponíneos. A carne-de-vaca é utilizada por Melipona bicolor schencki, espécie ameaçada de meliponíneo, para produzir o mel branco dos Campos de Cima da Serra e seus troncos como substratos de nidificação (Lopes, 2012;Witter et al., 2012). ...
View
... Um estudo recente revelou 24 espécies de Meliponini registrados para o Rio Grande do Sul. Os meliponíneos possuem ampla diversidade de locais de nidificação, mas a maioria das espécies depende de árvores vivas para construção dos ninhos (Vergara et al., 1986;Roubik, 1989;Michener, 2000;Batista, 2003;Lopes, 2012;Pedro, 2014;. ...
... Estudos mostram que as famílias vegetais de florestas no Rio Grande do Sul, como Myrtaceae e Asteraceae, além das espécies, Mimosa scabrella (bracatinga), Cupania vernalis (camboatá-vermelho) e Clethra scabra (carne-de-vaca) são importantes recursos alimentares para os meliponíneos (Harter-Marques & Engels, 2003;Ferreira, 2009;Lopes, 2012). As flores de bracatinga são polinizadas por meliponíneos. ...
... As flores de bracatinga são polinizadas por meliponíneos. A carne-de-vaca é utilizada por Melipona bicolor schencki, espécie ameaçada de meliponíneo, para produzir o mel branco dos Campos de Cima da Serra e seus troncos como substratos de nidificação (Lopes, 2012;Witter et al., 2012). ...
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... Several studies have also recorded the use of anemophilous plants by stingless bees (Barth 2004;Sierra and Smith 2008;Oliveira 2009;Lopes 2012;Freitas and de Novais 2014;de Novais and Absy 2015;Ferreira and Absy 2017;Absy et al. 2018;Radaeski et al. 2019;Rezende et al. 2019) in other tropical forest ecosystems, such as humid forests in Colombia (Obregon, 2011) and the Atlantic Forest in Brazil (Morgado et al. 2011(Morgado et al. , 2018Braga et al. 2014). In the field, T. angustula was often observed foraging these anemophilous plants and adding their pollen loads to honey pots in the hives, highlighting the variety of plant resources involved in the diet of Meliponini bees (Lorenzon and Matrangolo 2005;Aleixo et al. 2016;Vijayakumar and Jeyaraaj 2016;Villanueva-Gutiérrez and Roubik 2016;Bobadoye 2017;Absy et al. 2018). ...
Effect of climate seasonality and vegetation cover on floral resource selection by two stingless bee species
Article
  • Aug 2021
  • APIDOLOGIE
The response of two stingless bees (Tetragonisca angustula and Melipona eburnea) to changes in vegetation cover was evaluated on seasonal and spatial scales. Seasonal variation was analysed for 15 months, with monthly melitopalinological assessments of hives located in three different vegetation covers: forests, fallows, and grasslands, in the Colombian Central Cordillera. Fallows, with an intermediate disturbance degree, presented the highest pollen taxa richness for both bee species (33 and 40 taxa for M. eburnea and T. angustula, respectively). Both bee species presented a high preference for plant families Melastomataceae, Sapindaceae, and Peraceae. Miconia minutiflora and Mi. prasina (Melastomataceae) were the most selected species, with an alternation in their use between dry and wet seasons. Clethra spp., Pera arborea, and Ilex laureola were also highly selected by both bee species. M. eburnea showed higher pollen richness values during the dry season, when the largest number of plant species flowered. Despite both bee species being polylectic, T. angustula presented higher pollen richness values during wet periods, which was reflected in a greater amplitude of trophic niche compared to M. eburnea. Both bee species showed a higher preference for typical plants in forest environments, enhancing meliponiculture as an economically sustainable practice that can promote forest conservation and the maintenance of stingless forest interactions.
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... This behavior seems to be normal to Melipona since it has observed several species occurring in different regions Nascimento and Nascimento 2012;Maia-Silva et al. 2014, 2016. Lopes (2012) studied the floristic composition and floral phenology in the same area of study and identified 60 species of flowering plants from January to March and observed that Asteraceae was the richest family by number of species, followed by Myrtaceae, Fabaceae and Melastomataceae. For Melipona species, the importance of Myrtaceae, Fabaceae and Melastomataceae seems to be related to the richness of flowering species during this period. ...
Geographical origin of white honey produced by stingless bees in the Araucaria Forest in Southern Brazil
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Full-text available
  • Jan 2021
Honey produced by native stingless bees in the Araucaria Forest region of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, specifically the municipality of Cambará do Sul, is highly valued for its characteristic white color, floral odor and taste. In this study, we investigated the botanical origin of white honey stored in colonies of five Meliponini species of the genera Melipona (n = 3) and Plebeia (n = 2). During the production period of white honey, from January to March, flowers were sampled fortnightly along pre-established trails to identify plants used by bees. For all sampled plant species, exsiccates and pollen reference slides were prepared. Honey samples from stingless bees were processed for extraction and preparation of pollen grains for identification of pollen types. In all analyzed honey samples, pollen grains of Clethra scabra (Clethraceae) were predominant (between 46-94%). Pollen grains from other botanical families, including Myrtaceae, Fabaceae and Melastomataceae were frequently identified in honey samples of the Melipona species, while Cunoniaceae was also found in samples of Plebeia species. In this study, we concluded that Clethra scabra is predominantly used by Meliponini bees in the production of white honey in the municipality of Cambará do Sul.
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Algumas plantas visitadas para obtenção de pólen por operárias de Melipona seminigra merrillae em Manaus
Article
Full-text available
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Resumo Estuda-se a carga transportada nas patas por 267 abelhas de Melipona seminigra durante um ano, em Manaus. Dessas, 104 (39%) não transportavam pólen, mas sim látex (no nosso caso do fruto de Vismia, inclusive com sementes), resinas e barro. Das 163 restantes (61%), 99 transportavam pólen de uma só espécie, 38 (23%) transportavam de duas espécies e 26 (16%) de três ou mais. As abelhas colheram pólen de 19 famílias e 25 gêneros diferentes. Apenas 13 tipos de pólen foram identificados até o nível de espécie.
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Observations on a queenless colony of Plebeia saiqui (Friese) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae)
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Full-text available
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Fontes de pólen exploradas por Melipona compressipes manaosensis (Apidae: Meliponinae), abelha da Amazônia Central
Article
Full-text available
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The pollen transported by worker bees of Melipona compressipes manaosensisSchwarz, 1932, was studied from August 1988 to July 1989. Thirty types of pollen were encountered, distributed among 22 genera and 19 families of plants. Cassiaspp. were the most important pollen source, followed by two species of Miconiaand three of Solanum.Additional important pollen sources, exploited only at specific times of the year, were: Tapirira guianensis, Doliocarpussp., Lindackeriasp. and Mimosa pudica.There are strong indications that seasonal intensity of rain affected foraging intensity in Melipona compressipes manaosensis.Few plant species were collected during the very rainy month of May, 1989. During rainy periods no workers were observed entering or leaving the hive, but during breaks in the rain the workers returned to the hive.
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