Leonard Afouda

University of Parakou | UP · Faculty of Agriculture

In Benin, chilli pepper is a widely consumed as vegetable whose production requires the use of performant varieties. This work assessed, at Parakou and Malanville, the performance of six F1 hybrids of chilli including five imported (Laali, Laser, Nandi, Kranti, Nandita) and one local (De cayenne), in completely randomized block design at four repli...

We investigated the use of entomopathogenic nematodes to biologically control Bactrocera dorsalis in mango orchards. One isolate of Steinernema kandii (Thui) and two of Heterorhabditis taysearae (Hessa1 and Korobororou F4) were studied for their invasion time and virulence to third instar larvae of B. dorsalis in laboratory and semi field tests, re...

Les maladies virales transmises par les insectes vecteurs constituent l’une des plus redoutables contraintes en culture de piment et occasionnent d’énormes pertes de rendements. L’étude, conduite à Bodjécali et à Kotchi au Nord-Bénin, visait à évaluer l’effet de la culture d’oignon en bordure sur la prévalence du virus de la panachure (PVMV) du pim...

Two nematode isolates from the genus Steinernema were collected in northern Benin. Morphological, morphometric, molecular and cross-hybridisation studies placed these nematodes into a new species, Steinernema kandii n. sp., within the bicornutum -group. Phylogenetic analyses based on both ITS and D2-D3 regions of 28S rDNA revealed that S. kandii n....

The diversity of 43 bacterial strains isolated from Beninese entomopathogenic nematodes was investigated molecularly by analyzing the 16S rRNA, recA, and gyrB genes. Based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis, 15 bacterial strains were identified as Xenorhabdus sp., 27 strains as Photorhabdus sp., and one as Serratia sp. The Xenorhabdus strains were isola...

In Benin, cotton cultivation is rain fed. There is a need to develop varieties adapted to the current diversity of growing conditions caused by climate disruptions. To identify types of varieties that may be used in crossing to adapt varietal offer to climatic disturbances, sixteen genotypes of diverse origins were characterized with a randomized c...

Le piment (Capsicum spp.) fait partie des principales cultures maraîchères au Bénin, mais sa production est confrontée à d'énormes contraintes biotiques au nombre desquelles figurent les maladies virales transmises le plus souvent par des insectes vecteurs dont les pucerons. La lutte contre ces maladies passe donc par la lutte contre les vecteurs p...

Bactrocera dorsalis fruit fly is the economically most significant tephritid pest species on Mango, Mangifera indica L., in Benin, and entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) represent good candidates for its control in the soil. In this study, the susceptibility of larvae and pupae of B. dorsalis to 12 EPN isolates originating from Benin was investigate...

Surveys were conducted in 2014 and 2015 in Southern and Northern Benin, respectively, to identify the viruses infecting peppers (Capsicum spp.). The samples were screened by ELISA for cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV), potato virus Y (PVY) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). A generic reverse transcription PCR (R...

Cassava root rots are important diseases in different agroecological zones of West Africa. The causing pathogens were collected from 101 farmers' fields in forest mosaic savanna, southern guinea savanna, northern guinea savanna and sudan savanna of Benin were isolated, identified and analyzed for their virulence. A total of 51 isolates were found s...

Fonio is a cereal food of great socio-economic and cultural importance in south Sahara African Countries. Unfortunately, it is practically absent from National Agricultural Research Programs. To characterize the agro-morphological diversity of fonio ecotypes grown in Benin, twenty accessions collected from Boukoumbé were evaluated in a randomized c...

Selection of Soybean Varieties for Resistance to Bacterial Pustule in Benin. Bacterial pustule caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines is a dreaded disease on soybeans inducing considerable yield losses worldwide. The aim of this study is to test 16 soybean varieties for resistance to bacterial pustule under natural infection and artificial i...

Au Bénin, la pustule bactérienne du soja (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines) est à l’origine de la réduction du rendement de la culture. La présente étude vise à réduire les effets néfastes de la pustule bactérienne sur la culture du soja. Pour ce faire, cinq variétés de soja ont été semées à différentes dates suivant un dispositif en split-plot...

Bacterial pustule caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines is a dreaded disease on soybeans inducing considerable yield losses worldwide. The aim of this study is to test 16 soybean varieties for resistance to bacterial pustule under natural infection and artificial inoculation. The study was conducted under greenhouse and field conditions at...

The influence of three pesticides on the viability and infectivity of four Beninese isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), Heterorhabditis indicaAyogbe1, H. sonorensisAzohoue2, H. sonorensisZe3, and Steinernemasp. Bembereke, was determined. The impact of both soil temperature and soil moisture on the virulence of these EPN to Trinervitermes...

To improve soybean (Glycine max L.) production in Benin, knowledge of bacterial diseases is needed. The objective of this study was to establish the disease occurrence and to identify Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines, the causal agent of soybean bacterial pustule. Soybean bacterial pustule disease was studied during the flowering and at pod matu...

To improve soybean (Glycine max L.) production in Benin, knowledge of bacterial diseases is needed. The objective of this study was to establish the disease occurrence and to identify Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines, the causal agent of soybean bacterial pustule. Soybean bacterial pustule disease was studied during the flowering and at pod matu...

Pour améliorer la production de coton au Bénin, la recherche agronomique développe continuellement de nouvelles variétés résistantes aux bioagresseurs (maladies et ravageurs) et adaptées à la diversité des conditions de culture locales. C'est dans ce cadre que des prospections ont été conduites en 2012 dans les bassins cotonniers du Bénin, prenant...

L’agriculture urbaine et périurbaine est une activité importante dans la ville de Parakou au Nord-Bénin où les maraîchers utilisent les eaux usées des marais peu profonds issues du lessivage des sols souillés de matières fécales humaines et animales. Dans cette étude, nous avons analysé la charge bactériologique et parasitaire de ces eaux et des pr...

Termites cause significant losses to citrus in Benin. A field experiment was conducted to assess the effectiveness of two indigenous entomopathogenic nematode species (EPN), viz. Heterorhabditis sonorensis and H. indica, against an underground nest population of Macrotermes bellicosus. We hypothesized that after aboveground nest demolition, M. bell...

Experiments were conducted to study the survival of four Beninese isolates of entomopathogenic nematode (Heterorhabditis indica Ayogbe1, H. sonorensis Azohoue2, H. sonorensis Ze3, and Steinernema sp. Bembereke) in aqueous solutions of three pesticides i.e. fipronil (50g/l), sulfur (80%) and glyphosphate (41%). Secondly to test the infectivity of th...

The differential susceptibility of two termite species Macrotermes bellicosus and Trinervitermes occidentalis to four entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) isolates from Benin, Heterorhabditis indica Ayogbe1, H. sonorensis Azohoue2, H. sonorensis Ze3 and Steinernema sp. Bembereke was bio-assayed in laboratory. Soldiers of both M. bellicosus and T. occid...

Twenty-nine Beninese isolates of Heterorhabditis sonorensis and one local isolate of H. indica were screened in bioassays for their pathogenicity against Macrotermes bellicosus (Isoptera: Termitidae), and for their tolerance to heat (40 °C), desiccation (25% glycerine) and hypoxic conditions. The bioassays showed significant differences among isola...

For the first time, surveys of entomopathogenic nematodes EPN were conducted in five departments in the Guinean zone of Southern Benin. Out of 84 prospected sites and 280 collected soil samples from agricultural and natural vegetation, 26 (31.0%) and 32 (11.4%) were positive for EPN, respectively. Identification of the EPN was based on analyses of...

The host-finding ability of 28 Heterorhabditis sonorensis isolates and one H. indica isolate from southern Benin and one H. indica isolate from India was examined in vertical migration sand bioassays against workers of a target citrus termite pest, Macrotermes bellicosus. Thereafter, nine selected isolates were subjected to further investigations o...

In surveys conducted in 2011 and 2012 to identify the viruses causing diseases on pepper and tomato in the department of Alibori in northern Benin, 451 samples of pepper and tomato were analyzed by ELISA using 11 specific antibodies. The highest virus incidence among the surveyed districts was recorded on pepper in Malanville (56.18%), followed by...

Numéro 73 – Juin 2013 BRAB en ligne (on line) sur le site web http://www.slire.net ISSN sur papier (on hard copy) : 1025-2355 et ISSN en ligne (on line) : 1840-7099

Numéro 73 – Juin 2013 BRAB en ligne (on line) sur le site web http://www.slire.net ISSN sur papier (on hard copy) : 1025-2355 et ISSN en ligne (on line) : 1840-7099

Macrophomina phaseolina, the causative agent of charcoal rot of cowpea and many other crops, is a devastating pathogen in many regions worldwide. Single control measures are ineffective or not feasible underfarmers’ conditions. In order to promote biological control as a component of an integrated management approach under arid ecological condition...

La pyriculariose du riz, maladie importante et prévalente dans le département de l’Alibori en République du Bénin, peut en fonction de la zone agro écologique et des systèmes de culture pratiqués, avoir plusieurs sources d’inoculum primaire tels les débris végétaux et les semences. Cette étude montre le rôle que jouent les semences dans les prévale...

La pyriculariose du riz, maladie importante et prévalente dans le département de l’Alibori en République du Bénin, peut en fonction de la zone agro écologique et des systèmes de culture pratiqués, avoir plusieurs sources d’inoculum primaire tels les débris végétaux et les semences. Cette étude montre le rôle que jouent les semences dans les prévale...

A double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was developed for the specific detection and quantification of Macrophomina phaseolina in plant tissue. Both polyclonal antisera produced against immunogens from mycelium and culture filtrate of M. phaseolina detected the fungus in mycelial and plant extracts, although the ant...

The suppressive effect of vernonia (Vernonia amygdalina), amaranth (Amarathus sp.) and poultry manure on root-knot nematodes (RKNs) (Meloidogyne spp.) infecting eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon) was studied at two sites in southern Benin naturally infested with these nematodes. After 3 months, soil and root-inhabiting RKN populations were significantl...