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International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8, Issue-2S7, July 2019
537
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number: B101000782S719/19©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B10100.0782S719
Abstract: Augmented Reality (AR) is an advanced technology
that improves users view of interactivity with the present reality by
adding virtual objects in it and it is the most natural way to
interface with your digital world. This paper presents a survey
about real-time applications, commonly used technologies,
various open challenges, possible set of solution provided by
several researchers and academicians. This paper also provides
future of Augmented reality in various areas of artificial
intelligence.
Index Terms: Augmented Reality, Virtual reality, Artificial
Intelligence, Head mounted display
I. INTRODUCTION
The Augmented Reality (AR) is an advanced technology
that improves users view of interactivity with the present
reality by adding virtual objects in it and it is the most natural
way to interface with your digital world. Imagine a world
where you look around and wherever you look you see a
visualized view that provides information to explain
everything and with the help of AR that the world isn‟t very a
big deal [1]. The eventual fate of AR will diverge into two
ways: either ordinary use in everyday life or innovative
technology that never lift off. Augmented Reality is known as
AR and as well as Mixed Reality was like a fiction until it
became a science-based reality in the past recent years. Its
objective is not to remove you out from the real world and
take you to the other one but instead it enhances your real
world with 3D virtual objects in it. As the Augmented name
itself means “to add” or “to increase”, hence AR act as digital
addition to the user‟s world. For example, objects can be
displayed on tables, information can be displayed on windows
and graphics can generate motion to track the user. In short
and brief, it directly affects the perception and thought
processes of the human mind [1,2]. It is the only technology
that provides the user with an actual based experience like
snapchat lenses and the game Pokémon go. Whereas Virtual
Reality (VR) is a technology to generate an artificial or
imaginative environment like we can explore the places we‟ve
never been such as the surface of the moon. AR and VR are
two different methods of technologies that can customize the
perception of view of the world [ 3,4].
Revised Manuscript Received on July 5, 2019.
Gauri Jha, Amity Institute of Information Technology, Amity
University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India,
Pawan Singh, Amity Institute of Information Technology, Amity
University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh India.
Lavanya Sharma, Amity Institute of Information Technology, Amity
University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
The field of AR has been introduced in the past few years yet
the advancement in a previous couple of years has been
exceptionally innovative. To achieve and execute AR
technology, there are basically three things required i.e.,
Display to combine virtual 3d objects to the real world,
Trackers to locate your positioning with the help of gesture
movements and the third component is hardware‟s and
software‟s used for interaction. And also, virtual objects must
be modeled in real-time environment for the better experience
of the user. Augmented reality is accessible at any time and at
any place if you have just a smartphone, Head Mounted
Display or a PC. Augmented reality (AR) act as a platform for
sharing information with the real world [4,6]. It changes the
fact that how can we learn, how can we work and even how
can we think.
The motivation behind any innovation is to improve
everyone‟s life as shown in Fig.1.
Fig.1. Future of Augmented Reality [13]
This paper is categorized into six section. Section 1, deals
with introductory part of Augmented Reality, where as in
section 2, is related work. Section 3 deals with history and
evolution of Augmented Reality. In the next section 4 & 5
Applications and challenges of Augmented Reality is
discussed. In section 6 current solutions to AR problems are
provided. In the last conclusion of the work is discussed.
II. RELATED WORK
A. Dünser et.al. [1] discussed about the user-based
evaluation techniques used in Augmented reality and also
provided some achievable opportunities for the future. M.
Bulearca et.al.[2] discussed about the ways in which
Augmented reality is beneficial for the marketing industry in a
long run and described how it can satisfy the customer needs.
Recent Advancements of Augmented Reality in
Real Time Applications
Gauri Jha, Pawan Singh, Lavanya Sharma
Recent Advancements of Augmented Reality in Real Time Applications
538
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number: B101000782S719/19©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B10100.0782S719
K. Lee [3] discussed about the ways to be educated in
modern ways with the help of Augmented Reality and also
described how AR can impact the future of learning. E. Zhu
et.al. [4] discussed current condition of AR regarding user
acceptance, AR application which had been developed and
the impact of AR on the advancement of abilities in medical
and health sector. R. Hammady [5] discussed about the
Augmented Reality effectiveness and provided the ways in
which it can use as a way communication in museums.
Besides, this article also provided new ideas of increasing
user perception by combining AR and games in museum D.
Harborth [6] demonstrated that current exploration in AR is
underrepresented in terms of technical view and also
discussed about modification AR in gaming field. Ryosuke
Umeda et.al [7] demonstrated a medical training overlays in
the beneficial use of medical area and also prepared 3d
objects to evaluate AR platform. D. Chatzopoulous et.al.,[8]
discussed that improvement in mobile technology like build in
cameras, sensor, cloud computing has made AR convenience
on smart-phones. T. Williams et.al.[9] discussed the ways in
which the combination of Virtual. Mixed and Augmented
reality enhance the interaction of human and robots and also
provided the best practices for design for these interactions. K.
Kim [10] discussed about the researches and trends from the
last decade and also offered further observations for the future.
L. Berkemeir et.al.,[11] discussed about the development of
glass and provided enough solution for digital innovation in
AR. V. Interrante et.al,[12] discussed the current state of AR
and VR and how they can affect the future in a whole new
way.
III. HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF AUGMENTED
REALITY
The first example of combination of physical and 3d
objects occurred in the 1960‟s when Ivan Sutherlands started
the concept of virtual and augmented reality. In 1968 he
created the first head mounted display known as Sword of
Damocles which included the use of head tracking. And until
the 1992 the field of augmented reality came to light by
Boeing researcher Tom Caudell.[14] Advancement
proceeded in 1994 when he presented augmented reality
application for giving a doctor a chance to watch a baby
specifically inside a pregnant patient.
In 1996, Hans Kaufmann and Stig[15] developed the first
united and combined augmented reality system in which
multiple users could share virtual objects in the same space. In
1997 Fenner‟s group [16] developed the first augmented
reality system „touring machine‟ at Colombia University, the
touring machine uses a see-through head mounted display
with GPS and orientation tracking delivering 3d graphics.
In 1998, Bruce Thomas and Wayne Piekarski[17]
developed “this is not map in the hat” a platform for AR that
delivered first outdoor AR game Quake, which places the user
in the middle of a zombie attack in a real-life parking area. In
1999, Kato and Mark Billings released AR toolkit the first
open source software platform for augmented reality. It
featured a 3d tracking library and the availability of webcams
which made AR toolkit most popular. After 2000, mobile
computing began growing rapidly, this presented a whole new
opportunity for augmented reality.
And in 2003, Daniel Wagner and Shmuel Stig[18]
presented the first AR system running on personalizedl digital
assistant. It took several years until 2008, the first truly usable
tracking featured system on smart devices introduced and
after that AR technology becomes more easily available to the
users.
Fig.2. Evolution of Augmented Reality [19]
IV. APPLICATIONS OF AUGMENTED REALITY
The Earlier, AR was likely to focus only on games but recent
developments in AR technology also focused their attention
in different fields like military, medical science, education,
manufacturing and production industries, robotics and of
course also in entertainment and gaming [10-16,21]. The
application uses of AR in different fields make augmented
reality a very productive innovation. The accompanying sub
areas depicts latest researches and cover every application so
far.
a. Medical: AR is the kind of innovation which is upgrading
medical science towards more safety and proficiency.
Microsoft HoloLens is one of the best examples of
medical AR technology which is used for spinal surgery
and it projects an overlay on the body of patients. And
these overlays are used by surgeons to perform their
operations. AR basically gives doctors or surgeons
guidance to perform their tasks more effectively and
efficiently with minimal risk. It provides interaction
between two doctors who are miles away from each other
and can discuss the surgeries. As well as it is also useful
for the patients to acquire information for their treatments
and preventions [7,8,20].
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8, Issue-2S7, July 2019
539
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number: B101000782S719/19©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B10100.0782S719
.
Fig.3. Microsoft HoloLens in Medical Imaging [21]
b. Military: Since military and warfare is constantly emerging
with new technologies which help newest technologies
like virtual and augmented reality to contribute its part in
military. Following are the 3 ways to military
augmentation reality [22].
● Tactical Augmented Reality: TAR also helps
soldiers to provide the exact location of
themselves and also give positions of the enemy
forces. It works like night vision goggles but can
work in the day as well.
● for army soldiers to prepare them physically and
mentally ready for the real wars.
● Helmet Mounted AR Display: With the help of
mounted displays, the soldiers can fight with
each other virtually but in a realistic way. It
provides overlays which contain different
information of allied armies.
Fig.4. Military training using AR technology [23]
c. Education: With the help of mounted display, it can help
the students to easily grab, process an learn the
information more effectively. And of course, it made
education more interesting, exciting and fun [24].
Augmented Education app provides modeling projects,
3d overlays, and designs which help students to make
their models to understand and learn animation and
architectures. Augmented reality apps help to make
boring lectures more interesting and more practical as an
old saying “A picture is worth more than a thousand
words” and AR is obviously more worth than a picture
[20,21].
Fig.5. Head Mounted Display for easy learning [25]
d. Gaming and Entertainment: When we talk about the role
of AR in animation and gaming, how can we forget the
popular game “Pokémon Go”. It's only because of this
famous game, augmented reality comes again in the
spotlight of people. In the gaming industry, AR became
the first-runners as it helps the gamers to be in an
imaginary world like fighting with zombies, aliens or
capture fictional creators. Another famous game based
on augmented reality is “Ingress” developed by Niantic
studio which also becomes a massive hit. Other AR
games are Temple Treasure Hunt, Army of Robots,
Zombie Go, Sharks in the Park, Night Terrors, Beer Pong
AR and many more [26]. With the application of
augmented reality in the gaming and entertainment
industry, gamers want to be a part of the game and with
this desire to be included in-game, the game experience
gets enhanced.
Fig.6. Game Pokémon Go [27]
e. Manufacturing and Production Industries:
Augmented reality helps to give a clear
understanding and also to learn quickly. Introducing
AR to production and manufacturing industries
makes it easier to do more with even fewer efforts.
And also saves human resources, resolves the
problem faster with less risk. Following are some
examples of popular industries which applies AR in
their field [28]:
Recent Advancements of Augmented Reality in Real Time Applications
540
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number: B101000782S719/19©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B10100.0782S719
In design: Thyssenkrupp started using Microsoft
HoloLens in their manufacturing industry that helps
to interact with holograms overlaying in the surface
of the real world for designing home mobility.
In assembly: Boeing which is an Aircraft
manufacturing company google glass and skylight in
wire assembling in jets which makes it less complex.
In quality control: Porsche, an automobile
manufacturing industry already uses AR for years
and made their future success a reality
Fig.7. Use of AR in Automobile Industry [29]
f. Marketing and Advertising: As augmented reality catches
eyes of everyone in the past few years, marketing and
advertising industries also admitted as an expressive
innovation of connecting customers and engage users.
With AR it becomes possible for an E-Commerce
website to allow their customers to check and try
products virtually and then buy it after checking how the
clothing items fit and how it looks [20,22]. This facility
has been accomplished by companies like Lego and
IKEA, where you can scan the products and check how it
would fit you or into your home.
The concept of augmented reality also becomes a
tool of storytelling medium for advertising your
products as only then customers will find it easy to
understand and will have a better experience, like
explaining the features of products. Timberland also
created a virtual fitting room in 2014 based on the
concept on AR, in which shoppers can see an image
of their face on the model body and try different
outfits and can see what looks better [30].
Fig.8. Virtual Fitting Room [31]
V. CHALLENGES IN AUGMENTED REALITY
1. Public acceptance: However, the augmented reality is
slowly emerging and evolving in the last few years but there is
always a hindrance when it comes to accepting this
technology from people worldwide. There is a mild
acceptance from the public because this technology is not
believed useful for the long term because of poor quality and
low standards designs of AR applications [32].
2. Poor quality of content: Except in gaming industries, AR
applications is not having very effective content rather than it
has only some simple non-tricky contents. Poor quality is the
biggest reason why AR is facing certain issues when it comes
to acceptance by people from all over the world. The reason
behind this is maybe less expertise and developers in the AR
field who can deliver a better experience quality [33].
3. Devices used in AR: There are many devices like
cameras, screen motions, sensors, graphics, high internet
connectivity, processors and many more which combines
together to give us an experience of augmented reality world.
But many other devices like HoloLens, google glass, AR
headsets to feel a thrilling experience but these devices are
costly and not easily available to the common public. Hence it
is also the main challenges with augmented reality [34].
4. The possibility of physical harm: Augmented reality
adds digital and virtual 3d objects in the real world and also
because of that it takes away the attention from the real world.
There is a significant possibility of harming yourself from
surrounding nature of mother earth. So, it is also the reason
which becomes an obstacle in the way of the success of AR
[35].
5. Technical challenges: there are many technical problems
like hardware, less expertise, people education and
awareness, poor content which makes AR difficult to use and
socially acceptable [36].
6.Unsatisfying experience: Augmented reality made a hype
surrounding to everyone after virtual reality that everybody is
accepting so much from it and because of that brings less
experience. Even good AR apps fail to give the user a better
and immersive experience [37].
VI. CURRENT SOLUTIONS TO AR PROBLEMS
An We can improve equipment capabilities utilizing
exponential smoothing procedure, improve camera execution
by utilizing 2D QR and scanner tag markers and utilize huge
milestones to defeat GPS issues until better arrangements
emerge for these issues [26-30, 32,34].
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8, Issue-2S7, July 2019
541
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number: B101000782S719/19©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B10100.0782S719
1. Noteworthy items like Microsoft HoloLens can possibly
enlarge this present reality and remove any exasperating
visuals that adversely sway client experience [20-24].
2. Increased the truth is an approach to bust the idea of
restricting the interface of substance offering a path to a
progressively intuitive, drawing in and out of the container
(truly) experience. Presently your whole environment can go
about as the holder for substance, subsequently giving a new
experience to its utilization [23,28].
3. With regards to AR, a solid and responsive route for
announcing unbound sellers that don't consent to AR
wellbeing, protection, and security norms will go far in
driving purchaser trust in cutting edge AR items. And this can
help in taking feedback from the AR users for further
advancements in the future [28,29].
4. Set up a kind of AR administering body that would assess,
discussion and afterward distribute guidelines for designers to
pursue. Alongside this, build up an incorporated advanced
administration AR that groups public, private and business
spaces [30,35].
5. Perceiving dangers to purchaser security and protection is
just the initial step to settling long haul vulnerabilities that
quickly rising new innovations as AR make [32,37, 38-40].
VII. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we provide a brief overview of Augmented
Reality and its real-time applications in various areas such as
education, medical, gaming, marketing, and many more. The
main aim of this work is to study the uses of AR, some of the
recent advancements of Augmented reality from the last few
years. This paper also presents and discuss various
challenging issues faced by AR as well as provides some
current solutions and observations. As a whole, it can be
concluded that AR is one of the technologies which can
enhance the lives in modern ways and it can become the
ubiquitous innovation in coming future.
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AUTHORS PROFILE
Gauri Jha is an BCA graduate in the field of
information technology form Amity University.
She is a recipient of several prestigious awards
during academic career. She had worked in KR
Network Cloud Technologies Pvt. Limited. She
also developed an android application named
Doconsult. She has adequate knowledge of
different computer related programming language.
Her current research interest includes Artificial intelligence
Pawan Singh is an BCA graduate in the field of
information technology. He is a recipient of several
prestigious awards during academic career. He had
worked in KR Network Cloud Technologies Pvt.
Limited. He has adequate knowledge of different
computer related programming language. His
current research interests include Cyber Security and
Artificial Intelligence.
Dr. Lavanya Sharma is a Ph.D. graduate in the
domain of Computer Vision at Uttarakhand
Technical University (govt.), India and an
assistant professor, Amity Institute of
Information Technology at Amity University UP,
Noida, India. She is an active nationally
recognized researcher who produces dozens of
papers in her field. She is an Editorial Member/
Reviewer of various journal of repute and active
program committee member of various IEEE and
Springer conferences also She is an active nationally recognized Computer
Vision educator who has produced dozens of papers
