Laurent Malisoux

LIH Luxembourg Institute of Health | CRP Santé · Department of Precision Health

Physical activity (PA) is a complex human behaviour, which implies that multiple dimensions need to be taken into account in order to reveal a complete picture of the PA behaviour profile of an individual. This scoping review aimed to map advanced analytical methods and their summary variables, hereinafter referred to as wearable‐specific indicator...

Cushioning systems in running shoes are used assuming that ground impact forces relate to injury risk and that cushioning materials reduce these impact forces. In our recent trial, the more cushioned shoe version was associated with lower injury risk. However, vertical impact peak force was higher in participants with the Soft shoe version. The pri...

In a recent randomized trial investigating running shoe cushioning, injury risk was greater in recreational runners who trained in the shoe version with greater cushioning stiffness (Stiff) compared to those using the Soft version. However, vertical impact peak force (VIPF) was lower in the Stiff version. To investigate further the mechanisms invol...

Background Running biomechanics may play a role in running-related injury development, but to date, only a few modifiable factors have been prospectively associated with injury risk. Purpose To identify risk factors among spatiotemporal and ground-reaction force characteristics in recreational runners and to investigate whether shoe cushioning mod...

Background Shoe cushioning is expected to protect runners against repetitive loading of the musculoskeletal system and therefore running-related injuries. Also, it is a common belief that heavier runners should use footwear with increased shock absorption properties to prevent injuries. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine if shoe cushio...

Background Greenness exposure has been associated with many health benefits, for example through the pathway of providing opportunities for physical activity (PA). Beside the limited body of longitudinal research, most studies overlook to what extent different types of greenness exposures may be associated with varying levels of PA and sedentary be...

Introduction Despite international efforts, the number of individuals struggling with obesity is still increasing. An important aspect of obesity prevention relates to identifying individuals at risk at early stage, allowing for timely risk stratification and initiation of countermeasures. However, obesity is complex and multifactorial by nature, a...

Objective To investigate asymmetry in spatiotemporal and kinetic variables in 800+ recreational runners, identify determinants of asymmetry, investigate if asymmetry is related to greater running injury risk and compare spatiotemporal and kinetic variables between the involved and uninvolved limb at baseline in runners having sustained an injury du...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the cumulative injury proportion after 1,000 and 2,000 kilometers of running amongst runners from 87 countries worldwide using wearable devices. Secondly, examine if the cumulative injury proportion differed between runners from different countries. DESIGN: Cohort study with an 18-month follow-up. METHODS: Runners aged ≥18 ye...

Background Identifying atypical lower limb biomechanics may help prevent the occurrence or recurrence of running-related injuries. No reference values for spatiotemporal or kinetic variables in healthy recreational runners are available in the scientific literature to support clinical management. Purpose To (1) present speed- and sex-stratified re...

Purpose This is the first study aiming at describing the volume and pattern of device-measured movement behaviours performed by adults living in Luxembourg, spanning the full intensity spectrum, and including markers of sedentary time accumulation. We also demonstrated the added value of a multidimensional approach for the comparison of sub-populat...

Greenness exposure has been associated with many health benefits, by providing opportunities for physical activity. Longitudinal studies are lacking, and most studies overlook the varying effects of different greenness types on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB). We investigated 9-year associations of greenness characterized by over...

Purpose There is a considerable burden of sedentary time in European adults. We aimed to quantify the differences in adiposity, cardiometabolic risk biomarkers, and arterial stiffness associated with exchanging sedentary time for alternative 24-hour movement behaviours. Methods This observational cross-sectional study included Luxembourg residents...

Background: Monitoring population physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior over time is important to guide public health actions. The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in PA and sedentary behavior of adult residents in Luxembourg over 10 years. We also investigated variations in change over time across sociodemographic su...

Background and aims: Arterial stiffness predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to quantify the differences in arterial stiffness associated with reallocating time between 24-h movement behaviours. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study included Luxembourg residents aged 25-79y who each provided ≥4 valid days of tria...

A growing body of evidence suggests that urban densification may be protective against obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiometabolic diseases, yet studies on how built environmental features relate to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components are scarce. This longitudinal study examines the associations of baseline urban density and densificatio...

Growing evidence shows a beneficial effect of exposure to greenspace on cardiometabolic health, although limited by the cross-sectional design of most studies. This study examined the long-term associations of residential greenness exposure with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and MetS components within the ORISCAV-LUX study (Wave 1: 2007–2009, Wave 2: 2...

Background: There is a considerable burden of sedentary time in European adults. We aimed to quantify the differences in adiposity and cardiometabolic health associated with theoretically exchanging sedentary time for alternative 24 h movement behaviours. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study included Luxembourg residents aged 18-79...

Background Existing information about population physical activity (PA) levels and sedentary time in Luxembourg are based on self-reported data. Methods This observational study included Luxembourg residents aged 18-79y who each provided ≥4 valid days of triaxial accelerometry in 2016-18 ( n =1122). Compliance with the current international PA gui...

Background: Physical activity (PA) surveillance, policy, and research efforts need to be periodically appraised to gain insight into national and global capacities for PA promotion. The aim of this paper was to assess the status and trends in PA surveillance, policy, and research in 164 countries. Methods: We used data from the Global Observator...

Background: Parameters derived from an acceleration signal, such as the time accumulated in sedentary behaviour or moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), may not be sufficient to describe physical activity (PA) which is a complex behaviour. Incorporating more advanced wearable-specific indicators of PA behaviour (WIPAB) may be useful when c...

Objective To provide consensus on how to plan, organize and implement exercise-based injury prevention program (IPP) in sports. Design Delphi. Setting LimeSurvey platform. Participants Experienced sports physical therapists from the International Federation of Sports Physical Therapy member countries. Main outcome measures Factors related to sp...

Objective To investigate if the physical activity (PA) prior to infection is associated with the severity of the disease in patients positively tested for COVID-19, as well as with the most common symptoms. Design A cross-sectional study using baseline data from a prospective, hybrid cohort study (Predi-COVID) in Luxembourg. Data were collected fr...

Background: Disturbances of glycemic control and large glycemic variability have been associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the general population as well as complications in people with diabetes. Long-term health benefits of physical activity are well documented but less is known about the timing of potential short-term effects on...

Given the rapid increase in the incidence of cardiometabolic conditions, there is an urgent need for better approaches to prevent as many cases as possible and move from a one-size-fits-all approach to a precision cardiometabolic prevention strategy in the general population. We used data from ORISCAV-LUX 2, a nationwide, cross-sectional, populatio...

Aim To analyze the association of objective and subjective sleep measures with HbA1c and insulin sensitivity in the general population. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, data from 1028 participants in the ORISCAV-LUX-2 study from the general population in Luxembourg were analyzed. Objective sleep measures were assessed using accelerometers w...

Objective: To investigate if motion control shoes reduce the risk of pronation-related injuries in recreational runners. Design: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of the effect of shoes on running injuries. Methods: 372 recreational runners were randomized to receive either standard neutral or motion control shoes and were fo...

Background Physical activity (PA) is a complex multidimensional human behaviour. Currently, there is no standardised approach for measuring PA using wearable accelerometers in health research. The total volume of PA is an important variable because it includes the frequency, intensity and duration of activity bouts, but it reduces them down to a si...

BACKGROUND Physical Activity (PA) is a modifiable lifestyle factor that can be targeted for increasing energy expenditure and promoting weight loss. However, results regarding the efficient PA amount for weight loss remain heterogeneous. Wearable activity trackers constitute a valuable opportunity to obtain objective measurements regarding PA and s...

Background Physical activity (PA) is a modifiable lifestyle factor that can be targeted to increase energy expenditure and promote weight loss. However, the amount of PA required for weight loss remains inconsistent. Wearable activity trackers constitute a valuable opportunity to obtain objective measurements of PA and study large populations in re...

Introduction. Ground reaction force (GRF) is a key parameter to study running mechanics. Previous studies which assessed the effect of sex did not control for major factors also influencing GRF like speed or anthropometrics. The purpose of the study was to investigate the running GRF differences between male and female, while controlling for other...

Leisure-time running is one of the most popular forms of physical activity around the world. It can be practiced almost everywhere and requires mainly a pair of "appropriate" running shoes. However, the term appropriate is ambiguous, and the properties of running footwear have always generated hot debates among clinicians, coaches, and athletes, wh...

It is popular belief that the relationship between running footwear and running injuries is direct and causal. This idea is wrong and has been nurtured by the running shoe industry ever since the appearance of the modern running shoe. Still, the latter may well influence the relationship between training load and injury occurrence, thus acting as a...

The main objective was to investigate if the cumulative load of the lower limbs, defined as the product of external load and step rate, could be predicted using spatiotemporal variables gathered with a commercially available wearable device in running. Therefore, thirty‐nine runners performed two running tests at 10 and 12 km/h, respectively. Spati...

In a recent randomized trial including 800+ recreational runners, injury risk was lower in those who received the Soft shoe version compared to those using the Hard version (Hazard ratio=1.52; 95% Confidence Interval=1.07-2.16). Here, we investigated the effect of shoe cushioning on ground reaction forces (GRF) and spatiotemporal parameters in the...

Physical ergonomics of distance running footwear is a hotly debated topic of discussion. This chapter focuses on recreational distance running and the role of footwear on performance and, especially, protection against injury. Running economy is the surrogate measure of choice to evaluate distance running performance. Shoes with a mass lower than 2...

Objective: This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed at evaluating the feasibility and potential efficacy of a motivational interviewing (MI) intervention to increase physical activity (PA) behavior in cancer patients. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group with standard care plus 12 MI sessions within 12...

Background In randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions that aim to prevent sports injuries, the intention-to-treat principle is a recommended analysis method and one emphasised in the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement that guides quality reporting of such trials. However, an important element of injury preve...

Objective: Frailty is a dynamic state of vulnerability in the elderly. We examined whether individuals with overt diabetes or higher levels of HbA1c or fasting plasma glucose (FG) experience different frailty trajectories with aging. Research design and methods: Diabetes, HbA1c, and FG were assessed at baseline, and frailty status was evaluated...

Background It is challenging to manage data collection as planned and creation of opportunities to adapt during the course of enrolment may be needed. This paper aims to summarize the different sampling strategies adopted in the second wave of Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors (ORISCAV-LUX, 2016–17), with a focus on population coverage and...

Background: Sudden changes in training load may play a key role in the development of running-related injury (RRI). Because the injury mechanism depends on the runner's musculoskeletal load capacity, the running schedule followed prior to sudden change in training load may influence the amount of change that a runner can tolerate before the runner...

Background: Sudden changes (increases and decreases) in training load have been suggested to play a key role in the development of running-related injuries. However, the compiled evidence for an association between change in training load and running-related injury does not exist. Purpose: The purpose of the present systematic review was to comp...

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) deficiency (XX) on muscle damage induced by an eccentric exercise bout. In this purpose, 4 RR and 4 XX individuals performed an intensive eccentric knee flexion exercise on an isokinetic dynamometer. Muscle biopsies, blood and pain scores were taken before and after the exercis...

Objectives: The health benefits from participation in half-marathon is challenged by a yearly running-related injury (RRI) incidence proportion exceeding 30%. Research in injury etiology is needed to successfully prevent injuries. The body's load capacity is believed to play an essential role for injury development. Therefore, the purpose of Proje...

Objective: To discuss the interpretability of non-causal associations to sports injury development exemplified via the relationship between navicular drop (ND) and running-related injury (RRI) in novice runners using neutral shoes. Design: 1-year prospective cohort study. Setting: Denmark. Participants: 926 novice runners, representing 1852...

Background Frail elderly people experience elevated mortality. However, no consensus exists on the definition of frailty, and many frailty scores have been developed. The main aim of this study was to compare the association between 35 frailty scores and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), incident cancer, and all-cause mortality. Also, we aimed...

Adjustment covariates for model 3. (DOCX)

Mortality hazard ratios of frailty scores assessed in intervals from 1 to 7 years: Age-adjusted model and continuous analysis. (DOCX)

Mortality hazard ratios of frailty scores assessed in intervals from 1 to 7 years: Age-adjusted model and categorical analysis. (DOCX)

Cardiovascular events hazard ratios of frailty scores (n = 4,554) calculated at median time follow-up (2.5 years). (DOCX)

Cardiovascular hazard ratios of frailty scores assessed in intervals from 1 to 7 years: Age-adjusted model and categorical analysis. (DOCX)

Cardiovascular hazard ratios of frailty scores assessed in intervals from 1 to 7 years: Age-adjusted model and continuous analysis. (DOCX)

Cancer hazard ratios of frailty scores (n = 4,792) calculated at median time follow-up (2.5 years). (DOCX)

Cancer hazard ratios of frailty scores assessed in intervals from 1 to 7 years: Age-adjusted model and continuous analysis. (DOCX)

Cancer hazard ratios of frailty scores assessed in intervals from 1 to 7 years: Age-adjusted model and categorical analysis. (DOCX)

Discriminative assessment of cardiovascular models using Harrell's C statistic (n = 4,554). (DOCX)

Discriminative assessment of cancer models using Harrell's C statistic (n = 4,792). (DOCX)

Sensitivity analysis: Mortality hazard ratios of frailty scores (n = 5,253). (DOCX)

Mortality hazard ratios of frailty scores in men (n = 2,377) calculated at median time follow-up (3.5 years). (DOCX)

Mortality hazard ratios of frailty scores in participants of 70 years and younger (n = 2,758) calculated at median time follow-up (3.5 years). (DOCX)

Mortality hazard ratios of frailty scores in women (n = 2,917) calculated at median time follow-up (3.5 years). (DOCX)

Mortality hazard ratios of frailty scores in participants older than 70 years (n = 2,536) calculated at median time follow-up (3.5 years). (DOCX)

A concerning number of new recruits enrolled in the Luxembourg army do not successfully complete their basic military training (BMT). As a military career is characterized by high physical demands, the selection process of new recruits is strongly based on physical fitness entry tests. The purpose of this ongoing prospective study is to investigate...

Background: Participation in half-marathon has been steeply increasing during the past decade. In line, a vast number of half-marathon running schedules has surfaced. Unfortunately, the injury incidence proportion for half-marathoners has been found to exceed 30% during 1-year follow-up. The majority of running-related injuries are suggested to de...

We aim to determine the influence of sports floorings and sports shoes on impact mechanics and performance during standardised jump tasks. Twenty-one male volunteers performed ankle jumps (four consecutive maximal bounds with very dynamic ankle movements) and multi-jumps (two consecutive maximal counter-movement jumps) on force plates using minimal...

Introduction Repetitive loading of the musculoskeletal system is suggested to be involved in the underlying mechanism of the majority of running-related injuries (RRIs). Accordingly, heavier runners are assumed to be at a higher risk of RRI. The cushioning system of modern running shoes is expected to protect runners again high impact forces, and t...

In elderly populations, frailty is associated with higher mortality risk. Although many frailty scores (FS) have been proposed, no single score is considered the gold standard. We aimed to evaluate the agreement between a wide range of FS in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Through a literature search, we identified 35 FS that could...

Objectives: While several cross-sectional studies have investigated the acute effects of shoe drop on running biomechanics, the long-term consequences are currently unknown. This study aimed to investigate if the drop of standard cushioned shoes induces specific adaptations in running technique over a six-month period in leisure-time runners. Desig...

Background: Modern running shoes come in variable heel-to-toe drops, but it is currently unknown if this feature plays a role in the prevention of injuries. Objective: To determine if the drop of conventional cushioned running shoes influences injury risk and whether running regularity (>6 months of regular practice over the previous year) modifies...

Background: So far, only few biomechanical studies have specifically addressed the acute effect of the heel-to-toe drop in running shoes, but longitudinal studies are lacking. Objective: Our aim was to investigate if the drop of conventional cushioned shoes induces specific long-term adaptations in running technique. Design: Randomised controlled t...

Background Running distance has previously been identified as a risk factor for running-related injury. It is likely that the runner’s fitness level may also influence injury risk. Objective To investigate if running level modifies the association between cumulated running distance over the previous week and injury risk. Design Prospective cohort s...

Background Training errors are considered as one of the main causes of running-related injuries, although few of them have been identified. Time-to-event analysis is a useful tool for researchers within sports injury prevention. In running, the time scale is commonly defined as kilometres or hours of practice. However, using calendar days as time s...

Background: Modern running shoes are available in a wide range of heel-to-toe drops (ie, the height difference between the forward and rear parts of the inside of the shoe). While shoe drop has been shown to influence strike pattern, its effect on injury risk has never been investigated. Therefore, the reasons for such variety in this parameter ar...

La condition physique est le reflet de l’état général d’une personne et détermine son potentiel de performance physique. Elle dépend évidemment des prédispositions génétiques de l’individu, mais également de la pratique régulière d’activités physiques et d’autres facteurs comportementaux visant à l’entretenir et à la développer. L’endurance, la for...