Lahbib Zenkouar

Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco · Mohammadia School of Enginners, Rabat, Morocco

span lang="EN-US">Part-of-speech (POS) tagging is the process of assigning to each word in a text its corresponding grammatical information POS. It is an important pre-processing step in other natural language processing (NLP) tasks, so the objective of finding the most accurate one. The previous approaches were based on traditional machine learnin...

Natural language processing has become the center of research, not only, in rich languages but also in low resourced ones. In this perspective and to enrich Amazigh as an under-resourced language, we present in this paper, Amazlem, the first lemmatizing system for Amazigh language. This system takes as input, sentences in Amazigh language and outpu...

The objective of this paper is to present the particularities and the challenges of part of speech (hereby referred to as POS) tagging task. Indeed, POS tagging is a crucial step before every natural language processing application (syn tactic analysis, machine translation, autocorrection….) because the performance of each application depends, inte...

Natural language processing is the field of study that includes multiples domains such as linguistic, informatics and artificial intelligence. In this paper, we explore the development of this field and introduce the different approaches used to deal with several task of natural language processing of the text. Using the tools offered by the field...

span id="docs-internal-guid-0264fec3-7fff-a3e5-94ef-c25bcfddc65d"> Amazigh-sys is an intelligent morphological analysis system for Amazigh language based on xerox’s finite-state transducer (XFST). Our system can process simultaneously five lexical units. This paper begins with the development of Amazigh lexicon (AMAlex) for attested nouns, verbs, p...

Dynamic radio resource management, RRM, is an essential design block in the functional architecture of any Wifi controller in IEEE 802.11 indoor dense enterprise Wlans. In a mono-channel condition, it helps tackle co-channel interference problem and enrich end-to-end Wifi clients experience. In this work, we present our dRRM solution: WLCx, and dem...

This work presents a broadband power amplifier in S-band in microstrip technology. The proposed power amplifier is modeled with a single-stage architecture based on a field effect transistor ATF13786 of Agilent Technologies (hp)®. The used transistor has been biased with transmission lines and it has been matched with networks in the form of λ/4 tr...

This paper describes a procedure for designing broadband low noise amplifier for X-Band applications. The design and implementation are based on HEMT transistors AFP02N2-00 of Alpha Industries®. The matching circuit used for modeling the microwave amplifier is the quarter-wave transformers impedance matching technique associated to combline bandpas...

Part-of-speech (POS) tagging is a fundamental task of Natural Language Processing (NLP). It provides useful information for many other NLP tasks, including word sense disambiguation, text chunking, named entity recognition, syntactic parsing, semantic role labeling, and semantic parsing. In this paper, we have developed POS taggers for Amazigh lang...

Part of Speech (POS) tagging has high importance in the domain of Natural Language Processing (NLP). POS tagging determines grammatical category to any token, such as noun, verb, adjective, person, gender, etc. Some of the words are ambiguous in their categories and what tagging does is to clear of ambiguous word according to their context. Many ta...

Morphosyntactic processing of natural languages is mainly restricted by the lack of labelled data sets. Deep Learning methods proved their efficiency in domains such as imaging or acoustic process. Part-of-speech tagging is an important preprocessing step in many natural language processing applications. Despite much work already carried out in thi...

Balanced amplifier is the structure proposed in this article, it provides better performance. In fact, the single amplifier meets the specification for noise figure and gain but fails to meet the return loss specification due to the large mis-matches on the input & outputs. To overcome this problem one solution is to use balanced amplifier topograp...

The low noise amplifier is one of the basic functional blocks in communication systems. The main interest of the LNA at the input of the analog processing chain is to amplify the signal without adding significant noise. In this work, we have modeled a LNA for radar reception systems operating around 11 GHz, using the technique of impedance transfor...

p>Balanced amplifier is the structure proposed in this article, it provides better performance. In fact, the single amplifier meets the specification for noise figure and gain but fails to meet the return loss specification due to the large mis-matches on the input & outputs. To overcome this problem one solution is to use balanced amplifier topogr...

Stemming and lemmatization are two language modeling techniques used to improve the document retrieval precision performances. Stemming is a procedure to reduce all words with the same stem to a common form whereas lemmatization removes inflectional endings and returns the base form of a word. The idea of this paper is to explain how a stemming or...

This paper proposes new development and design of microwave bandpass filter structure based on microstrip hairpin resonators. This filter has an operating frequency about 3.7 GHz. The design and implementation is based on micro-strip line technology, using epoxy material for high stability and low cost in the desired band. Good agreement of simulat...

Information Extraction (IE) is a sub discipline of Artificial Intelligence. IE identifies information in unstructured information source that adheres to predefined semantics i.e. people, location etc. Recognition of named entities (NEs) from computer readable natural language text is significant task of IE and natural language processing (NLP). Nam...

Part of Speech (POS) tagging has high importance in the domain of Natural Language Processing (NLP). POS tagging determines grammatical category to any token, such as noun, verb, adjective, person, gender, etc. Some of the words are ambiguous in their categories and what tagging does is to clear of ambiguous word according to their context. Many ta...

L’étiquetage des textes est une tâche très importante pour le traitement automatique du langage. Il est utilisé dans plusieurs applications : l’analyse morphologique et syntaxique des textes, l’indexation, la recherche documentaire, les modèles de langage probabilistes (modèles n-classes), etc. Dans cet article, nous avons étudié des systèmes d’éti...

This paper investigates how to best couple hand-annotated data with information extracted from an external lexical resource to improve part-of- speech tagging performance. Focusing mostly on Amazigh tagging, we introduce a decision tree and Markov model using TreeTagger system. This system gives 92.3 % accuracy on the Amazigh corpus, an error reduc...

Amazigh is a morphologically rich language, which presents a challenge for Part of Speech tagging. Part of Speech (POS) tagging is an important component for almost all Natural Language Processing (NLP) application areas. Applying machine-learning techniques to the less computerized languages require development of appropriately tagged corpus. In t...

This paper presents the first system of analysis and generation for amazigh nominal morphology using a system based on xerox’s finite-state transducer platform. In this context our system is based on two main components: a lexicon including 2363 attested nouns, and a set of rules covering the morphotactic and morphological phenomena observed in sta...

Part of Speech (PoS) tagging is the task to assign the appropriate morphosyntactic category to each word according to the context. Several probabilistic methods have been adapted for PoS tagging such as Conditional Random Fields, Support Vector Machines, and Decision Trees. Based on these methods, language independent PoS taggers have been develope...

IEEE 802.11 WLAN indoor networks face major inherent and environmental issues such as interference, noise, and obstacles. At the same time, they must provide a maximal service performance in highly changing radio environments and conformance to various applications' requirements. For this purpose, they require a solid design approach that considers...

In this paper, we presented the design and simulation of a PIFA antenna, with and without T-shaped slot, to know the influence of the slot on the chosen antenna. We chose as the resonant frequency of the antenna for RFID applications the frequency 5.8 GHz. To improve the results, we have networked two PIFA antennas with slots. The results obtained...

Dynamic Radio Resource Management helps overcome interferences in dense WLAN deployments. By processing data from upper-layers services, it could optimize and enrich end-to-end wireless client experience. This experience may be tight to a transmit opportunity function that hints on the radio interface condition, and effectiveness of the transmissio...

Language resources are important for those working on computational methods to analyze and study languages. These resources are needed to help advancing the research in fields such as natural language processing, machine learning, information retrieval and text analysis in general. We describe the creation of morphosyntactically annotated corpus fo...

La traduction automatique des langues consiste à traduire un mot, une phrase ou un fichier depuis une langue source vers une langue destination en se basant sur des dictionnaires linguistiques intelligents ou des corpus, tout en veillant à maximiser la qualité de cette traduction. Notre projet consiste à élaborer un traducteur automatique de la lan...

IEEE 802.11 Wlan networks are constantly challenged for maximum overall service performance and new mobility applications : real-time, interactive communications and presence analytics. They require a solid design approach that considers but not limited to : highly varying characteristics of dense environments, technology advances, feasibility of s...

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology used mainly to identify tagged items or to track their locations. The most used antennas for RFID application are planar dipoles. For antenna design, it is necessary that the antenna has an impedance value equal to the conjugate of the impedance of the integrated circuit CI. To have a good adapt...

p> Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology used mainly to identify tagged items or to track their locations. The most used antennas for RFID application are planar dipoles. For antenna design, it is necessary that the antenna has an impedance value equal to the conjugate of the impedance of the integrated circuit CI. To have a good ad...

The main goal of this work is the implementation of a new tool for the Amazigh part of speech tagging using Markov Models and decision trees. After studying different approaches and problems of part of speech tagging, we have implemented a tagging system based on TreeTagger - a generic stochastic tagging tool, very popular for its efficiency. We ha...

In this paper, we build an approach for radar systems performance evaluation using modern CAD tools. In fact, modern system engineering software environments present many radar models that can be taken as a reflection track. This work tries to follow the radar signal trough the different subsystems of a pulse-Doppler radar, from the waveform genera...

Abstract: The following draft national standard is available in French only. However the delta that standardises sorting for tifinagh character strings in use in Morocco, as presented in its annex 1, should be understandable by SC2 experts : it is described in terms of ISO/IEC 14651 delta description syntax. This draft national standard rescribes a...

Low noise amplifier (LNA) constitutes one of the essential component in wireless communication systems. It is used especially for designing different types of communication receivers. The main function of LNA is to provide sufficient gain to overcome noise of other blocks. Amplifier design requires a matching circuit of impedance to have a low nois...

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology mainly used for the identification of labeled objects and to follow their location. A RFID tag is composed by integrated circuits IC, and antennas. Antennas of transceiver system generally used for WIFI/RFID application are of microstrip type. In this article, we have compared two microstrip ant...

In this paper, we propose a new method based on the blind source separation concept to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) for a smart antenna system and then steer its radiation pattern toward the desired radio-frequency emitter. Indeed, we generate a set of observations according to a mathematical model of smart antennas, and we apply various...

In this paper, we present a broadband impedance matching technique for the design of microwave low noise amplifiers. This technique is based on the use of the interdigital filters and quarter-wave transformers. The type of the transistors used to model this amplifier is the HEMT (AFP02N2-00, of Alpha Industries®). The found results show that this a...

Le but de cet article est une contribution à l’élaboration de l’état de l’art de la reconnaissance de documents papiers imprimés ou manuscrits. Ces systèmes sont connus commercialement par les systèmes OCR (Optical Character Recognition). En effet l’évolution continue des capteurs d’acquisition fait de ces systèmes une alternative précieuse à la sa...

This paper presents an unconstrained system for off line handwritten Amazigh character recognition based upon Legendre moments and neural networks. Legendre moments are used in features extraction phase and optimized by maximum entropy principle. Neural networks methods are chosen due to their natural flexibility and the extent of parallel processi...

Character Recognition has been an active area of research and due to its huge and diverseapplicable environments; it continues to be a challenging research topic. In this paper, wefocus specially on off-line recognition of handwritten Amazigh words. A number of automatic recognition systems for handwritten text have been proposed in different langu...

Amazigh is used by tens of millions of people mainly for oral communication. However, and like all the newly investigated languages in natural language processing, it is resource-scarce. The main aim of this paper is to present our POS taggers results based on two state of the art sequence labeling techniques, namely Conditional Random Fields and S...

RF system simulation constitutes a practical tool in radar receivers design. In fact, a particular type of simulation called “budget” is very useful in RF system design of modern digital radar receive systems. Starting with low noise amplifier (LNA) and ending with analog to digital converter (ADC), these systems can be presented in a synthetic for...

In this paper we present a broadband matching technique for the design of low noise amplifiers. This technique is based on the use of coupled lines filters and quarter wave transformers for the adaptation and stabilization of these amplifiers, presenting the theory and the design process of these circuits. The type of transistors used for modeling...

Comme la plupart des langues qui n’ont que récemment commencé la recherche en TAL (Traitement automatique des langues), la langue amazighe souffre encore de la pénurie d’outils et de ressources pour son traitement automatique, en particulier de corpus annotés. Ces derniers sont plus difficiles à construire et à finaliser que les corpus bruts qui né...

The microwaves filters used in IMUX of a communications satellite's payload are at present realized with a volume technology, what increases the weight and the dimensions, and consequently the price of satellite launch. Planar filters superconductive allow the resolution of this problem of weight and dimensions while keeping excellent electric char...

In this paper, we have modeled a low noise amplifier that we have adapted by band pass coupled resonator filters, using two adaptation techniques, the first is based on filters on a distributed elements and the second based on a combination of distributed and localized elements. We have used two kinds of transistors that are the FET and the HEMT. T...

Narrow band is the major inconvenient of the microstrip antenna. However, various multiband techniques are proposed towards several applications. A simple configuration of the rectangular microstrip antenna allows operating a system of satellite communication in two bands. The configuration consists of a single radiant element and substrate with lo...

Like most of the languages which have only recently started being investigated for the Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, Amazigh lacks annotated corpora and tools and still suffers from the scarcity of linguistic tools and resources. The main aim of this paper is to present a tokenizer tool and a new part-of-speech (POS) tagger based on a ne...

In this paper, we have modeled a low noise amplifier LNA based on HEMT transistors of Alpha Industries®, adapted by band pass filters in the X-band. A detailed study of performance optimizations for stability and noise of the different adaptation circuits was established. This amplifier is two-stage circuit. It is unconditionally stable in the band...

HEMT transistors adapted by band pass filters. Different design constraints have been treated to achieve the performances of the amplifier (S-parameters, gain, noise and stability). This amplifier is double stage circuit. It is unconditionally stable in the band [9.5-12.5] GHz with gain greater than 21 dB, noise figure less than 0.8 and the reflect...

Numerous studies of smart antennas have already been conducted using linear or p lanar arrays, not as much effort has been devoted to other configurations. The performance of s mart antennas with circular array and circu lar array with central element are examined and simulated in C-band (4– 8 GHz). In this paper, the first module presents the desi...

In this paper we modeled a low noise amplifier based on Phemt transistors made of gallium arsenide GaAs of Agilent Technologies® with adaptation networks composed of lumped elements. We treated different conditions and design constraints and we determined the different performances of the amplifier (S parameters, Gain, Noise figure and Stability)....

In this paper, an array of two circular sector patch antenna is studied: feeding network, spacing between the elements and the choice of the substrate are chosen to have a bandwidth wide enough and a directional radiation pattern. Then we performed a theoretical study on a similar network of 4 elements. Proposed arrays were simulated in HFSS, we pl...

Résumé Cet article présente le premier étiqueteur grammatical Amazighe. Très peu de ressources ont été développées pour l’amazighe et nous croyons que le développement d’un outil d’étiquetage grammatical est une étape préalable au traitement automatique de textes. Afin d'atteindre cet objectif, nous avons formé deux modèles de classification de séq...

The mobile communication (radio, mobile, satellite telephony…) insert band filters which are required to comply with stringent pass-band characteristics concerning the selectivity, the group delay, the insertion losses and the mass and volume. The mass and volume of payload electronic equipment is a significant contributor to the overall cost of sp...

In this paper, we present the simulations and experimental results of a series of patch antennas in wide band. The conception of these patch antennas are realized by software HFSS "Ansoft-High Frequency Structure Simulator" and ADS "Advanced Design System", themselves based essentially on the variation of the shape of the antenna, conductive materi...

The aim of this paper is to present the first Amazighe POS tagger. Very few linguistic resources have been developed so far for Amazighe and we believe that the development of a POS tagger tool is the first step needed for automatic text processing. The used data have been manually collected and annotated. We have used state-of-art supervised machi...

Over the last few years, Moroccan society has known a lot of debate about the Amazigh language and culture. The creation of a new governmental institution, namely IRCAM, has made it possible for the Amazigh language and culture to reclaim their rightful place in many domains. Taking into consideration the situation of the Amazigh language which nee...

The objective of this work is to propose a reliable solution allowing restoring deficient functions of the nervous system. This solution passes by an artificial control of certain nervous information in the human body. The objective of the works presented in this paper is to propose a circuit of electric stimulation allowing the contraction of the...

Les Normes internationales ISO, sont nécessaires pour les entreprises, les gouvernements et les sociétés. Les normes constituent une inestimable source de savoir. Elles sont élaborées en partenariat avec les secteurs qui les appliqueront et sont adoptées au moyen de procédures transparentes fondées sur la contribution des pays. Le comité sur lequel...

Le Centre des Etudes Informatiques, des Systèmes d’Information et de Communication (CEISIC), une des composantes de l’Institut Royal de la Culture Amazighe, IRCAM, a organisé son deuxième Workshop international sur les technologies de l’information et de la communication sous le thème: Normes, standards et plates formes d’enseignement à distance pa...

Nous attirons l’attention par ces quelques lignes, et dans cette rencontre rassemblant la partie francophone de notre planète, sur les enjeux de l’accès aux NTIC pour les civilisations oubliées ou injustement ignorées. La nouvelle conception de la francophonie est à mon sens, l’espace où la langue française, qui a ses lettres de noblesse, est dispo...

Le Tamazight a traversé les âges aux contacts, parfois conflictuels, parfois pacifique, de toutes les langues qui ont façonné l’imaginaire du Maghreb. Langue mémoire, langue promesse, porteuse d’aspirations et du devenir de millions de personnes, dans l’élan démocratique et interculturel, le Tamazight réveille aujourd’hui le Maghreb à sa modernité...

The devices to transfer of load (C.C.D) are used for the realization of logical or digital function and in imagery. Thus, the fast evolution of the techniques of manufacture of the circuits on big scale integration resulted in reduction of the measurements of arrangements. This reduction makes appear of the phenomena of control of the load transfer...

ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵙⴽⵍⵜ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵓⵕⵉ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵜ L’ouvrage « la typographie entre les domaines de l’art et de l’informatique » rassemble la totalité des actes du colloque organisé par le centre des Etudes Informatiques, des Systèmes d’Information et de Communication (CEISIC), IRCAM, sous la direction et la coordination du Prof Lahbib ZENKOUAR, les 24 et 25...

The authors present a method for measuring the temperature-depth profile in a lossy material by applying Kalman algorithm to radiometric signals. The method employs a correlation microwave radiometer. It uses both short-range weighting functions and the delay times of the correlator. An experimental verification of this new thermal inversion approa...

Le dossier Unicode a démarré depuis la confrontation des informaticiens du Centre des Etudes Informatiques, des Systèmes d’Information et de Communication (CEISIC) de l’Institut Royal de la Culture Amazighe (IRCAM) du Maroc, avec l’écriture des programmes pour la réalisation du clavier et des polices de caractères de l’alphabet amazigh, version IRC...

Channel coding takes a primordial role in a transmission line when it protects data against noise and deterioration brought by the communication channel. This contribution describes the design of a digital VLSI circuit than can decode and correct errors generated during transmission. This circuit uses convolutional coding and VITERBI algorithm deco...

The CCDs are used widely in special applications for very large scale integration (VLSI). In this paper, we have studied transfer charges coupled devices (CCDs) between adjacent MOS capacities under the control of an externally applied voltage. In order to show the role of the potential space inter-electrodes, a numerical program was developed and...

This paper focuses on design and characterization of integrated circuits working in the millimeter wave. The circuit consists of a monolithic amplifier, aimed for wireless indoor communications at 60 GHz. A calibration kit has also been developed in order to perform proper measurement on wafer.

Le transfert des porteurs dans un D.T.C. (Dispositif à Transfert de Charges), C.C.D. en anglais pour Charges Coupled Device, à 3 phases et à canal en surface a été analysé au moyen d'une simulation numérique. Nous avons réalisé un programme en FORTRAN. Il comprend la résolution de l'équation de Poisson à 2 dimensions et de l'équation de continuité...