Kyu-Lim Lee

Yonsei University · Department of Anatomy

The Gravitational Acceleration Test (G-test) is a demanding, and sophisticated high-intensity physical activity, greatly influenced by individual body composition and physical strength. This study analyzed the general nutrition knowledge questionnaire (GNKQ) responses of Air Force cadets to identify the relationship between nutrition knowledge, bod...

Background: Despite the positive effect of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections in thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) treatment, there is insufficient anatomical evidence of its use in the anterior scalene (AS) and middle scalene (MS) muscles. Objectives: This study aimed to provide safer and more effective guidelines for the injection of botulinu...

Objectives: Strong physical abilities and morphological symmetry are important factors for pilots to withstand aerial G-tolerance. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the symmetry difference between cadets by measuring functional movement screen (FMS) and functional leg length of Korea Air Force cadets for the first time and to understand the...

The aim of this study was to determine the anatomical features of the deep temporal arteries (DTAs) and thereby provide clinical information for the temple augmentation procedure. Forty‐two adult hemifaces from 15 Korean and 6 Thai cadavers (12 males, 9 females; mean age at death, 79.6 years) with no history of trauma or surgical procedure on the t...

Postural habits and repetitive motion contribute toward the progress of myofascial pain by affecting overload on specific muscles, the quadratus lumborum (QL) muscle being the most frequently involved. The therapy of myofascial pain syndrome includes the release of myofascial pain syndrome using injective agents such as botulinum neurotoxin, lidoca...

Calf muscle plays an important function in driving the movement of stepping on the ground and moving forward when walking or running. The Achilles tendon has been reported to be closely related to the elasticity of tendons to absorb shock and rebound and convert energy into propulsion. We wanted to determine the effect and correlation of the anatom...

Postural habits and repetitive motion contribute towards the progress of myofascial pain by affecting overload on specific muscles, the quadratus lumborum muscle being the most frequently involved. The therapy of myofascial pain syndrome includes the release of myofascial pain syndrome using injective agents such as botulinum neurotoxin, lidocaine,...

Athletes cultivate highly developed muscles based on their sport category, creating a body shape that matches the characteristics of that sports category. We tested the significance of the correlation between muscle development characteristics and anaerobic power in athletes to build a database for each category. Fifty-eight college athletes partic...

Background: Athletes cultivate highly developed muscles based on their sport category, creating a body shape that matches the characteristics of that sports category. We tested the significance of the correlation between muscle development characteristics and anaerobic power in athletes to build a database for each category. Methods: Fifty-eight co...

Background The piriformis muscle is normally involved in piriformis syndrome and can be treated with botulinum neurotoxin using several different injection methods. However, definitive injection guidelines for the muscle have not been reported previously. Aims This study aimed to determine the ideal area for injections based on the intramuscular n...

Background Filler injection into the glabella is well known to be one of the most dangerous procedures due to the high risk of embolism and intravascular injection. Despite the conventional insertion guidelines for the cannula in the middle of the forehead for injections into the glabella or radix, vascular structures can be observed during anatomi...

Introduction To detect ideal locations for botulinum toxin (BoNT) injection by exploring the intramuscular nerve arborization of the psoas major and iliacus muscles. Method A modified Sihler's method was performed on the psoas major and iliacus muscles (16 specimens each). Intramuscular nerve arborization was recorded according to the most promine...

The masseter is the most targeted muscle when treating hypertrophy to produce a smooth face shape. Compensatory hypertrophy is a well known clinical sequela that occurs in botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) treatments and is limited to the lower part of the masseter. Based on the masseteric hypertrophy procedure, which targets a confined area, we predicte...

Background Purse string lips, which include the vertical wrinkles over the lips are frequently observed in aged individuals. Botulinum toxin (BoNT-A) and fillers are routinely injected into these areas to remove the wrinkles; however, the anatomy of the orbicularis oris muscle (OOr) near the vermilion border area has not been well defined. Objecti...

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections are widely used for facial rejuvenation procedures, and the procerus muscle is a major target in cases of glabellar transverse lines or rhytids. Although there have been many cadaveric studies of the procerus, its depth and thickness have not been investigated thoroughly. The aim of this study was to measure t...

The aim of this study was to elucidate the distribution of the accessory nerve within the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) to aid identifying the optimum sites for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections and applying chemical neurolysis. Thirty SCM specimens from 15 Korean cadavers were used in this study. Sihler's staining was applied to 10 of the...

The aim of this study was to use ultrasonography to determine the locations and distributions of the superior labial artery (SLA) and the inferior labial artery (ILA) relative to the vermilion border (VB). Sixty healthy Korean volunteers (35 males, 25 females; age, 21–36 years) were investigated using ultrasonography. The participants had not recei...

Background: The frontalis is a representative target muscle for botulinum neurotoxin type A injections aimed at treating horizontal wrinkles in the forehead region. However, a lack of information regarding the shape and thickness of the frontalis may lead to unexpected side effects. Methods: This study dissected hemifaces of 44 embalmed Korean a...

Background: Understanding the topography of the blood vessels distributed around the nasolabial fold region is essential for ensuring the safety of dermal filler injections into the nasolabial fold. The purpose of this study was to provide anatomical information on the infraorbital artery distribution and its relationship with the facial artery fo...