Konstantin Mikhaylov

University of Oulu · Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC)

and Services Joint Undertaking) initiative focused on developing truly sustainable IoT systems. The SUPERIOT concept is based on a unique holistic approach to sustainability, proactively developing sustainable solutions considering the design, implementation, usage and disposal/reuse stages. The concept exploits radio and optical technologies to...

The evolution of wireless communications technologies is fostering new Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, sustainable IoT development requires new batteryless and eco-friendly device designs, contributing to cost reduction, lower maintenance, and less environmental damage compared to typical battery-powered IoT. Inspired by such goals,...

Cognitive edge nodes are becoming increasingly important for various Internet of Things (IoT) applications, requiring reliable, efficient and ubiquitous communication. This paper evaluates the performance of direct cellular (5G) and IEEE 802.11-based Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technology for cognitive edge nodes based on FRACTAL platform. T...

The integration of subterranean LoRaWAN and non-terrestrial networks (NTN) delivers substantial economic and societal benefits in remote agriculture and disaster rescue operations. The LoRa modulation leverages quasi-orthogonal spreading factors (SFs) to optimize data rates, airtime, coverage and energy consumption. However, it is still challenging...

Technology solutions must effectively balance economic growth, social equity, and environmental integrity to achieve a sustainable society. Notably, although the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm constitutes a key sustainability enabler, critical issues such as the increasing maintenance operations, energy consumption, and manufacturing/disposal of...

We present two datasets for Machine Learning (ML)-based Predictive Quality of Service (PQoS) comprising Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) radio channel measurements. As V2V and V2I are both indispensable elements for providing connectivity in Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), we argue that a combination of the two data...

Technology solutions must effectively balance economic growth, social equity, and environmental integrity to achieve a sustainable society. Notably, although the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm constitutes a key sustainability enabler, critical issues such as the increasing maintenance operations, energy consumption, and manufacturing/disposal of...

The Long Range (LoRa) modulation enables low-cost and low-power communications, serving as the foundation for the widely adopted terrestrial low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology known as LoRaWAN. Owing to its effectiveness, this modulation scheme is emerging as a potential option to provide direct-to-satellite (DtS) connectivity supportin...

The architectures of mobile networks have seen an unprecedented techno-economic transformation, fusing the telcommunications world within the cloud world, adding the spices of Software Engineering to the overall system design, and ultimately yielding the concept of Telco Cloud. This has brought significant benefits in terms of reducing expenditure...

Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) promise to deliver substantial social and economic benefits across different verticals. However, many of the relevant application scenarios are located in remote areas with no supporting infrastructure available. To address this challenge, we conceptualize in this study the underground direct-to-satellit...

Low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) have become an important enabler for the Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity. Application domains, such as smart cities, smart agriculture, intelligent logistics, and transportation, require communication technologies that combine long transmission ranges and energy efficiency. Recent and future trends make t...

Radio Frequency (RF) Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a prospective technology promising to enable unintermittent and maintenance-free operation of IoT devices. In this paper, we shed some light on the energy performance of the state-of-the-art RF-WPT in Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and IoT hardware platforms, specifically the Powercast P21XXCSREVB a...

The maritime autonomous surface ship (MASS) promises a revolution in naval logistics by offering sustainability, safety, and operational costs reduction. The MASS can bring to the Arctic and other hard-to-reach regions numerous social and economic benefits, thus contributing to equalizing access for human and machine terminals to connectivity, and...

This article surveys the latest developments in the technological landscape that enables remote health care. First, the most important technologies that are crucial for remote health care such as 5G, medical IoT, big data analytics, machine learning, and distributed ledger technologies, etc., are outlined, and then a thorough survey on those techno...

The last decade has transformed wireless access technologies and crystallized a new direction for the internet of things (IoT). The modern low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies have been introduced to deliver connectivity for billions of devices while keeping the costs and consumption low, and the range of communication high. While the 5...

Remote health care is currently one of the most promising solutions to ensure a high level of treatment outcome, cost-efficiency and sustainability of the healthcare systems worldwide. Even though research on remote health care can be traced back to the early days of the Internet, the recent COVID-19 has necessitated further improvement in existing...

Long Range-Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (LR-FHSS) has been recently introduced into the LoRaWAN protocol specification to increase network capacity and collision robustness, and enable direct connectivity between machine devices and the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. In this letter, we first construct the analytical and simulation models fo...

The offshore wind farms are gaining momentum due to their promise to offer sustainable energy with low pollution and greenhouse gases emission. However, despite all the immense technological progress of recent years, the operation in a harsh and hard-to-reach environment remains challenging. According to the reports, each offshore wind turbine requ...

The low-power wide-area (LPWA) technologies, which enable cost and energy-efficient wireless connectivity for massive deployments of autonomous machines, have enabled and boosted the development of many new Internet of things (IoT) applications; however, the security of LPWA technologies in general, and specifically those operating in the license-f...

An assessment of radio network coverage, usually in the form of a measurement campaign, is essential for multi-base-station (multi-BS) network deployment and maintenance. It can be conducted by a network operator or its served consumers. However, the number of measurement points and their locations may not be known in advance for an efficient and a...

Despite immense progress along different tracks, wireless connectivity for machine applications in remote areas is still very challenging. To address this vital need, in this article, we discuss and advocate the convergence between low-pow-er wide area network (LPWAN) grade massive machine-type communication (mMTC) wireless technologies and satelli...

The recently introduced 5G New Radio is the first wireless standard natively designed to support critical and massive machine type communications (MTC). However, it is already becoming evident that some of the more demanding requirements for MTC cannot be fully supported by 5G networks. Alongside, emerging use cases and applications towards 2030 wi...

Despite the immense progress in recent years, efficient solutions for monitoring remote areas are still missing today. This is especially notable in the context of versatile maritime and offshore use cases, owing to a broader span of operating regions and a lack of radio network infrastructures. In this article, we address the noted challenge by de...

Among the low power wide area network communication protocols for large scale Internet of Things, LoRaWAN is considered one of the most promising, owing to its flexibility and energy-saving capabilities. For these reasons, during recent years, the scientific community has invested efforts into assessing the fundamental performance limits and unders...

Despite the immense progress in the recent years, efficient solutions for monitoring remote areas are still missing today. This is especially notable in the context of versatile maritime and offshore use cases, owing to a broader span of operating regions and a lack of radio network infrastructures. In this article, we address the noted challenge b...

The recent years have gradually increased the value of wireless connectivity, making it the de facto commodity for both human users and the machines. In this paper, we summarize our experiences of deploying and managing for over two years the extensive indoor sensor network composed of more than three hundred devices connected over LoRaWAN low powe...

The paper deals with the localization in a low-power wide-area-network (LPWAN) operating long-range wide-area-network (LoRaWAN) technology. The LoRaWAN is, today, one of the most widely used connectivity-enabling technologies for the battery-powered smart devices employed in a broad range of applications. Many of these applications either require o...

With the proliferation of machine-to-machine (M2M) communication in the course of the last decade, the importance of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies intensifies. However, the abundance of accurate propagation models proposed for these systems by standardization bodies, vendors, and research community hampers the deployment planning...

The society as a whole, and many vertical sectors in particular, is becoming increasingly digitalized. Machine Type Communication (MTC), encompassing its massive and critical aspects, and ubiquitous wireless connectivity are among the main enablers of such digitization at large. The recently introduced 5G New Radio is natively designed to support b...

In this chapter, the focus is on analytical and experimental performance evaluation of the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology. Studies have been conducted in indoor case relevant to healthcare and medical scenarios. Performance of the recently developed BLE 5 coded technique is compared to BLE 4 that is currently the most popular wireless techno...

In this paper, we deliver a discussion regarding the role of Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWAN) in the cellular Internet-of-Things (IoT) infrastructure to support massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC) in next-generation wireless systems beyond 5G. We commence by presenting a performance analysis of current LPWAN systems, specifically LoRaWAN...

The chapter delivers the detailed discussion of the potential security threats, features, and mechanisms for the low-power wide-area (LPWA) networks in general, and the three dominant LPWA technologies—long-range wide-area network, cellular Internet of things (IoT) (e.g., Cat-NB1), and Sigfox, which currently dominate the market, in particular. We...

Supported by the remarkable progress across many technological domains, the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem demonstrates steady growth over the few past years. This growth enables a number of new exciting applications. Nonetheless, hardly one can say today that the utility of the IoT is used to its full potential. This fact is especially notable...

Myriads of new devices take their places around us every single day, making a decisive step towards bringing the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) in reality. The Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) are today considered to be one of the most perspective connectivity enablers for the resource and traffic limited IoT. In this paper, we focus...

While the IoT has made significant progress along the lines of supporting its individual applications, there are many MMTC scenarios in which the performance offered by any single RAT available today might be insufficient. To address these use cases, we introduce the concept of MR-MMTC, which implies the availability and utilization of several RATs...

While the IoT has made significant progress supporting individual machine-type applications, it is only recently that the importance of people as an integral component of the overall IoT infrastructure has started to be fully recognized. Several powerful concepts have emerged to facilitate this vision, whether involving the human context whenever r...

This paper focus on an experimental performance evaluation of the recently published Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) 5 technology. Measurements have been conducted both in indoors and outdoors scenarios. Performance of BLE 5 is compared to a previous release of BLE 4 which is currently the most used technology in commercial wireless healthcare and medic...

The number of IoT (Internet of Things) devices is predicted to increase dramatically in the years to come and their manufacturing and maintenance, including both commercial and ecological aspects associated with these, are gaining substantial attention. One of the effective ways of addressing both these issues at a time is the energy-neutral system...

This paper focuses on analytical and experimental performance eval-uation of the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology. Studies have been con-ducted in indoors case relevant to healthcare and medical scenarios. Performance of the recently developed BLE 5 coded technique is compared to BLE 4 which is currently the most used technology in commercial...

The last years brought many novel challenges for the Internet of Things (IoT). Low capital and operational expenditures, massive deployments of devices, reliability and security are among the most crucial ones. The recently introduced Low-power wide area (LPWA) technologies provide one possible way of addressing these challenges. In the current pap...

The landscape of the contemporary IoT radio access technologies (RATs) is excessively diverse, especially when it comes to such a complex environment as Smart City. On the one hand, this diversity offers operators sufficient flexibility to select the most appropriate RAT for their target application. On the other hand, it becomes a severe limiting...

This paper presents experimental validation of a distributed optimization-based voltage control system. The dual-decomposition method is used in this paper to solve the voltage optimization problem in a fully distributed way. Device-To-device communication is implemented to enable peer-To-peer data exchange between agents of the proposed voltage co...

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices are becoming common in hospital scenarios. This technology is widely employed to collect patients’ vital signs, to provide wireless connectivity to medical equipment, and to enable communications between devices carried by hospital personnel, patients and visitors. This paper presents a mathematical model to evalu...

This paper focus on an experimental performance evaluation of the recently published Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) 5 technology. Measurements have been conducted both in indoors and outdoors scenarios. Performance of BLE 5 is compared to a previous release of BLE 4 which is currently the most used technology in commercial wireless healthcare and medic...

In this paper we address the problem of increasing the flexibility of the contemporary wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) in regard to the design of the nodes. For this we propose the concept of a Plug&Play enabled modular WSAN node platform. According to our concept, the new WSAN nodes with desired functionalities can be built by stacki...

Appearing on the stage quite recently, the Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) are currently getting much of attention. In the current paper we study the susceptibility of one LPWAN technology, namely LoRaWAN, to the inter-network interferences. By means of excessive empirical measurements employing the certified commercial transceivers, we chara...

Long lifetime of a wireless sensor/actuator node, low transceiver chip cost and large coverage area are the main characteristics of the low power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies. These targets correlate well with the requirements imposed by the health and wellbeing applications of the digital age. Therefore, LPWANs can found their niche amon...

The ultra wideband (UWB) radio signals are known for their good time resolution enabling implementation of accurate localization and tracking. The recent appearance of commercial UWB transceivers in masses on the market has boosted the interest towards this technology and facilitated its use not just for research, but also for business. In this pap...

In this paper we advocate the use of device-to-device (D2D) communications in a LoRaWAN Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN). After overviewing the critical features of the LoRaWAN technology, we discuss the pros and cons of enabling the D2D communications for it. Subsequently we propose a network-assisted D2D communications protocol and show its fe...

The article provides an analysis and reports experimental validation of the various performance metrics of the LoRa low-power wide-area network technology. The LoRa modulation is based on chirp spread spectrum, which enables use of low-quality oscillators in the end device, and to make the synchronization faster and more reliable. Moreover, LoRa te...

In this article, we put forward the mobile crowd sensing paradigm based on ubiquitous wearable devices carried by human users. The key challenge for mass user involvement into prospective urban crowd sending applications, such as monitoring of large-scale phenomena (e.g., traffic congestion and air pollution levels), is the appropriate sources of m...

By modulating the electric field induced to a human body, it is possible to transfer data wirelessly using the body as a transmission medium. This method is referred to as human body communication (HBC), which has multiple advantages in comparison with the traditional radio frequency (RF) communication. First, it alleviates the traffic load from th...

Low power consumption, low transceiver chip cost and large coverage area are the main characteristics of the low power wide area networks (LPWAN) technologies. We expect that LPWAN can be part of enabling new human-centric health and wellness monitoring applications. Therefore in this work we study the indoor performance of one LPWAN technology, na...

In addition to long battery life and low cost, coverage is one of the most critical performance metrics for the low power wide area networks (LPWAN). In this work we study the coverage of the recently developed LoRa LPWAN technology via real-life measurements. The experiments were conducted in the city of Oulu, Finland, using the commercially avail...