Kaan Orhan

Ankara University · Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

Introduction Artifacts in cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging may compromise radiodiagnosis. Obturation materials for endodontic treatment may present with variable material density and thus also cause distinct artifact expression. The aim of this study was to assess the volume distortion artifact of root canal sealers using CBCT devices...

The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the addition of hyaluronic acid-based matrix to collagenated heterologous bone graft for sinus augmentation would enhance bone formation compared to collagenated heterologous bone graft alone in the early healing period, by micro-computed tomography and histomorphometry. Thirteen sy...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the displacement patterns of the maxilla under parallel and rotational setbacks using the finite element method (FEM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of a hemimaxilla was constructed. Through a conventional Le Fort I osteotomy, 2 and 3 mm of posterior move...

ObjectiveCBCT applications have received widespread acceptance in dentistry. CBCT scans provide three-dimensional information on anatomic structures and characteristics of pathologies, rather than the two-dimensional information obtained with the conventional techniques. The purpose of this study was to evaluate incidental findings in out-of-intere...

Objectives To review the past 10 years of research in the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical signs of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders with pain, sound, and function limitation in the existing literature. MethodsA review of the literature was performed to search for all articles published between 2006 and 20...

The aim of this retrospective analysis was to assess the incidence of ponticulus posticus and stylohyoid ligament calcifica-tion and to evaluate the morphological variations of the sella turcica within the Turkish demographic using CBCT scans. Involving a retrospective review of 460 CBCT scans and utilizing the NewTom 3G system, the study analyzed...

Background: Cephalometric analysis (CA) is an indispensable diagnostic tool in orthodontics for treatment planning and outcome assessment. Manual CA is time-consuming and prone to variability. Methods: This study aims to compare the accuracy and repeatability of CA results among three commercial AI-driven programs: CephX, WebCeph, and AudaxCeph. Th...

This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License ÖZ Amaç: Osteomlar, yavaş büyüme, iyi tanımlanmış sınırlar ve sıklıkla asemptomatik görünüm ile karakterize, sıklıkla tesadüfen radyografi ile tanımlanan iyi huylu kemik tümörleridir. Sfenoid sinüs osteomu paranazal sinüste görülen en nadir osteomlardır...

A Deep Learning Approach to Automatic Tooth Caries Segmentation in Panoramic Radiographs of Children in Primary Dentition, Mixed Dentition, and Permanent Dentition. Children 2024, 11, 690. https:// Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dental caries seg-mentation on the panoramic radiographs taken from...

Introduction: It is important to determine anatomical structures to prevent complications, which may occur in surgical interventions, e.g., implantation, in the midline region of the mandible, obtaining a graft from this region, genioplasty procedure, and post-traumatic fixation. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate mandibular lingual...

Background and objectives: We aimed to develop a predictive model for the outcome of bruxism treatments using ultrasonography (USG)-based machine learning (ML) techniques. This study is a quantitative research study (predictive modeling study) in which different treatment methods applied to bruxism patients are evaluated through artificial intelli...

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the morphological characteristics of the anterior maxillary nasopalatine canal and the width of the buccal bone using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 150 adults in Northern Cyprus. Material/Methods: The study included 150 participants, and their anterior maxillary morphometric measurements (eg, lengt...

Objectives The aim of this artificial intelligence (AI) study was to develop a deep learning algorithm capable of automatically classifying periapical and bitewing radiography images as either periodontally healthy or unhealthy and to assess the algorithm's diagnostic success. Materials and methods The sample of the study consisted of 1120 periapic...

Dear Editor, Lichen planus (LP), a chronic inflammatory condition primarily targeting skin and mucous membranes, was first outlined by Wilson in 1869 and histologically by Dubreuilh in 1906 [1]. It predominantly affects women in their 4th and 5th decades [2]. Oral lichen planus (OLP) occurs mainly on the buccal mucosa, gingiva, and tongue, presenti...

This book focuses on recent technological advances in digital dentistry. It provides information on digital aspects in all dental fields including digital caries detection systems, digital color matching, and digital applications in periodontology, surgical implant placement, oral histopathology and pediatric dentistry. Training in emerging and ne...

Background and Objectives: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is one of the most significant complications after on-pump heart surgery procedures. High cytokine levels have been shown after open-heart surgeries and a genetic predisposition seems to be an important underlying modulatory characteristic for SIRS. To investigate the associa...

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of employing a deep learning approach for the automated detection of pulp stones in panoramic imaging. A comprehensive dataset comprising 2409 panoramic radiography images (7564 labels) underwent labeling using the CranioCatch labeling program, developed in Eskişehir, Turkey. The dataset was stratified...

Background Mineralization‐promoting peptide‐3 (MPP3) is a new biomimetic remineralization agent. Aim To assess the remineralization efficiency of MPP3, either alone or in combination with fluoride gel. Design The samples were divided into four groups: control, 1.23% fluoride gel, 10% MPP3 gel, and 1.23% fluoride gel + 10% MPP3. Following the appl...

Objective: Dexmedetomidine has been shown to exert protective and curative effects on various tissues and organs in different pathological processes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the regeneration process after inducing a critical-sized bone defect in the calvarium of rabbits. Subject and Methods: Twenty-four male...

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anatomical characteristics of patients with unilateral impacted canine teeth compared to a control group. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) records were retrospectively analyzed. Material/Methods CBCT records of 64 patients with unilateral impacted canine teeth (57.8% female and 42.2% mal...

Technological changes have created great changes in the field of medicine and dentistry. One of the most important innovations that caused this change is artificial intelligence technology. In the field of medicine and dentistry, it is thought that it will be preferred more and more due to its important contributions to patient health services and...

PACS (picture archiving and communication system) based on digital, communication, display, and information technologies has revolutionized the practice of radiology, and in a sense, of medicine during the past 15 years. This chapter introduces the PACS basic concept, terminology, technological development, and implementation, as well as PACS-based...

With the introduction of new materials and novel technology over the last decade, dentistry has achieved remarkable progress (Jasinevicius et al., J Dent Educ 68(11):1151–1162, 2004). Digital applications are broadly used in all disciplines of dental medicine including pediatric dentistry (Joda et al., Comput Biol Med 108:93–100, 2019). Today, comp...

The advances in dental radiography were the first step in digital systems in dentistry. The use of digital radiographs and the ease they provided to dentists made them rapidly evolve and overtake the market. Also, digital radiographic systems are the basis and prerequisites for other digital systems and applications in dentistry. To ease the reader...

Digital dentistry includes a wide range of technologies that bring communication, documentation, production and distribution under the umbrella of computer-based algorithms in dental treatments. Digital dentistry is the term used to describe the different modalities of dental treatment workflow that are mostly performed with the use of digital tech...

The digitalization of the future world is dramatically changing based on advances in information and communication technology, and the current classroom model seems to have basic difficulties in preparing students for the future of medicine and dentistry. New trends in teaching armamentarium include computer-based instructions, virtual patients, au...

Dentistry started to move away from aggressive surgery to minimally invasive procedures as well as placing more emphasis on prevention and early detection. Dentistry has evolved in terms of caries detection devices, and these devices have been introduced on the market to make it easier to catch caries early and reverse this condition before it cost...

Digital dentistry is a rapidly rising field of research that has revolutionized the way dental procedures are performed. This chapter provides a brief overview of the historical developments and basic principles of digital applications in dentistry, covering a range of topics including early digital imaging systems to the latest advancements in dig...

This chapter discusses the potential future developments in the field of dentistry that are driven by the increasing use of digital tools and techniques. Digital dentistry refers to the use of computer-based technologies in various aspects of dental treatment, including diagnostic procedures, treatment planning, and the delivery of care. In additio...

Developing technology has established a ground for digitalization in dentistry, as in every field. Periodontology, which concerns the soft and hard tissues around the teeth, is also keeping up with these new developments. Periodontal diseases have been among the most common chronic inflammations affecting approximately 50% of the world’s population...

Soft tissue characteristics and clinical evaluation are very important in aesthetic evaluation. Facial and skeletal structures should be evaluated objectively and quantitatively in order to present treatment goals accurately and reliably and to examine treatment results comparatively. In the treatment of malocclusions that require orthognathic surg...

The objective of this study is to use a deep-learning model based on CNN architecture to detect the second mesiobuccal (MB2) canals, which are seen as a variation in maxillary molars root canals. In the current study, 922 axial sections from 153 patients' cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used. The segmentation method was employed to...

This study aims to evaluate differences in the morphological and morphometric features of hard tissue components of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of children with different skeletal models in the sagittal and vertical plane. Condyle dimensions, horizontal condylar angle, the distance of the con...

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dental caries segmentation on the panoramic radiographs taken from children in primary dentition, mixed dentition, and permanent dentition with an Artificial Intelligence (AI) models developed using the deep learning method. Methods: This study used 6075 panoramic radiographs...

Background The most severe complication that can occur after mandibular third molar (MM3) surgery is inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) damage. It is crucial to have a comprehensive radiographic evaluation to reduce the possibility of nerve damage. The objective of this study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of panoramic radiographs (PR) and postero...

Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory condition resulting from microbial invasion in the root canal system, causing periapical tissue destruction and bone resorption. This study investigated melatonin's effects, known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, on experimentally induced apical periodontitis in rats. Three groups of rats...

Determining the postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the main study subjects of forensic sciences. The main purpose of this prospective in vitro study that was the Micro-CT evaluation of teeth crown and root pulp volume versus dentin thickness in terms of PMI determination. The study involved 60 female Wistar rats, with weights ranging from 270 to 3...

Objectives The study aims to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model based on nnU-Net v2 for automatic maxillary sinus (MS) segmentation in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) volumes and to evaluate the performance of this model. Methods In 101 CBCT scans, MS were annotated using the CranioCatch labelling software (Eskisehir, Turkey) The d...

Background Investigation is to utilize decision trees in conjunction with orthopantomography (OPT) and lateral panoramic graphy (LPG) to diagnose unilateral anterior disc displacement (ADD) of the temporomandibular joint. Methods In this study, 161 patients with images obtained through all three imaging methods, MRI, OPT, and LPG, were selected fr...

There were a few errors in the original publication [...]

Background: Oral cancers are known to be a major global public health problem, with 377 713 new cases and 177 757 deaths in 2020. Dentists' ability to possess sufficient knowledge about oral cancers and recognize premalignant lesions contributes to early diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study is to measure and evaluate the knowledge, skills...

Background: Polymerization shrinkage and microvoid formation has been a significant problem giving way to resin composite failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microvoid potential and microleakage of two bulk-fill and a microhybrid resin composite applied with different adhesive materials. Materials and Methods: MOD cavities were prepa...

Pulp volume can be assessed during dental treatment. Three‐dimensional imaging techniques are not routinely used for this purpose because of high radiation doses. This study aimed to develop a novel method to measure pulp volume using periapical radiography. In this study, cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used as a reference method. Periapi...

Background A comprehensive review of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from a cohort of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) patients and a control group without sleep disorders was conducted. Radiological analysis focused on identifying cervical vertebra anomalies. Additionally, clinical data related to OSA severity and symptoms were collected a...

Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without lymph node (LN) metastases (pN0) may exhibit different survival rates, even when their T stage is similar. This divergence could be attributed to the current pathology practice, wherein LNs are examined solely in two-dimensional (2D). Unfortunately, adhering to the protocols of 2D patho...

Background and Objectives: The aim of this quantitative research was to investigate the effect of gravitational forces on the marginal integrity of different bulk-fill composites by micro-CT imaging. Materials and Methods: Fifty caries-free human third molars extracted for prophylactic purposes were used in this study. Each tooth was prepared with...

Background The purpose of this study is to evaluate the marginal adaptation of bulk-fill resin composites with different viscosities (paste-like and flowable) in Class II restorations using micro-CT imaging. Methods Forty extracted human molars were used. Mesial and distal Class II box cavities (approximately 3 mm x 3 mm x 4 mm) were prepared for...

Aim This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) against apical periodontitis (AP) in rats with adriamycin (ADR)‐induced kidney and heart diseases. Methodology Fourty‐eight Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: (1) Control group, (2) ADR group (1 mg/kg/day ip for 10 days), (3) AP Group (1...

Background: Information on the current status of oral health and related risk factors is lacking in Turkiye. This study aimed to evaluate dental caries and associated factors among the Turkish population using the findings of the third national oral health survey. Methods: This cross-sectional epidemiological survey was carried out between March an...

Objective The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of employing a deep learning methodology for the automated identification and enumeration of permanent teeth in bitewing radiographs. The experimental procedures and techniques employed in this study are described in the following section. Study Design A total of 1248 bitewing radiography im...

Background This retrospective study aimed to develop a deep learning algorithm for the interpretation of panoramic radiographs and to examine the performance of this algorithm in the detection of periodontal bone losses and bone loss patterns. Methods A total of 1121 panoramic radiographs were used in this study. Bone losses in the maxilla and man...

Objective: Miliary osteoma cutis (MOC) is a rare variant of osteoma cutis in which multiple fragments of bone formations are embedded in the skin. In general, they are asymptomatic, benign and detected incidentally on radiographic examination. Methods: This prevalence study was made by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. A total of 8...

Maxillary sinuses are the greatest sinus cavities in the human cranium and they are the closest to the oral cavity. Thus, perforation of the Schneiderian membrane is a common complication that may be encountered during various oral surgery procedures in the molar and premolar regions of the maxilla such as teeth extractions, implant placement or si...

This retrospective study is aimed at developing a web-based artificial intelligence (AI) software (DiagnoCat) for periodontal bone loss detection on panoramic radiographs and evaluating the model's performance by comparing it with clinicians' results. Separate models are trained for tooth and periodontal bone loss detection. The first model's objec...

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the anatomy and anatomical variations of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle. Methods Hundred and fifty one ultrasonographic images of the digastric muscle pairs were evaluated in Near East University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. Morphological variations were recorded us...

With the potential to completely transform healthcare, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising innovation in the discipline of dentistry. A thorough overview of AI applications in dentistry is provided in this book chapter, with an emphasis on technical issues. We investigate many AI approaches, such as machine learning (ML), deep l...

Artificial intelligence, or machine learning systems, was born through the efforts of researchers in medicine and engineering jointly. While some researchers tried to discover the human mind, others focused on creating machines that imitate humans. Indeed, they were united in a common goal: the transfer of a human mind to the machine. The use of va...

Technological changes have brought about significant advancements in the fields of medicine and dentistry. Among the most crucial innovations responsible for this transformation is the artificial intelligence (AI) technology. In the medical and dental domains, AI is expected to gain increasing preference due to its vital contributions to patient he...

Artificial intelligence is bringing revolutionary changes to the medical and dental industry. Dentistry has readily embraced the advancements in diagnosis and treatment planning through the use of various AI-operated software and applications. This chapter highlights the role that artificial intelligence is expected to play in the field of digital...

This chapter discusses the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in endodontics and restorative dentistry. It highlights how AI can be used to detect dental conditions such as periapical lesions and tooth decay, leading to timely interventions and improved patient outcomes. The chapter also discusses the use of AI in detecting the tooth fini...

Orthodontics is one of the fields of dentistry which was involved in the digital transformation that was experienced intensively in the last decades. With the digitization of conventional workflows, digital data in various formats are analyzed with machine learning tools, so that some suggestions can be produced for the clinician during the decisio...

This chapter explores the profound impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in the domain of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA, a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by repetitive upper airway obstruction during sleep, poses significant challenges for diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. However, with recent advancements in AI technologies, th...

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most complex joints in the human body. TMJ-related diseases are very common, and approximately one-third of adults have various symptoms related to TMJ diseases (TMDs), including jaw pain, joint noise, limited mouth opening, and tinnitus. Diagnosing and managing TMDs are complex tasks that should be p...

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are computer-aided technologies that can produce easier and faster solutions to problems by imitating human intelligence. Today, this technology, which has been used in every field of life and in almost every profession, has become one of the innovative and popular technologies in the field of dentistry. The cur...

Artificial intelligence and machine learning are novel technologies that will change the way medicine is practiced. Ushering in this new tool in a conscientious way will require knowledge of the terminology and types of AI, as well as forward-thinking regarding the ethical and legal implications within the profession. At the outset, all health and...

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds the potential to revolutionize the field of dentistry by enhancing diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient outcomes. AI’s future applications include the analysis of dental radiographs to detect abnormalities such as cavities, bone loss, and impacted teeth. Additionally, AI can assist dentists in developing per...

Medicine and dentistry have recently undergone a rapid digitalization process, with the integration of innovative technologies like artificial intelligence (AI). AI systems have emerged as valuable tools in various aspects of dentistry, including diagnosis, treatment planning, prognosis prediction, and education. The objective of this book chapter...

AI has shown magnificent development and growth, with an increasing trend in clinical use and research in dentistry. Dentistry is transforming into a more evidence-based and data-driven field in terms of diagnosis and treatment planning. This shift leads to the increased utilization of digital technologies in dental education. AI-based diagnostic t...

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis, with millions of cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide. It has posed significant challenges to healthcare systems all around the world. With the rapid spread of the virus, healthcare systems had to adapt and find new ways to manage the spread of the virus, diagnose and treat inf...

Artificial intelligence (AI) has developed as a fundamental research topic in computer science. Although AI has been around for a while and has been used in a variety of sectors, oral medicine specialists must have a solid knowledge of AI ideas because oral mucosal diseases, with their abundance of clinical images, may emerge as the next big thing...

This comprehensive book focuses on various aspects of artificial intelligence in dentistry, assisting dentists, specialists, and scientists in advancing their understanding, knowledge, training, and expertise in this field of artificial intelligence. Readers will learn about AI-supported pathways for the diagnosis and treatment of dental caries, pe...

Objective: n this study, in order to test the usability of artificial intelligence technologies in dentistry, which are becoming widespread and expanding day by day, and to investigate ways to benefit more from artificial intelligence technologies; a tooth detection and numbering study was performed on panoramic radiographs using a deep learning so...

Background Investigation is to utilize decision trees in conjunction with orthopantomography (OPT) and lateral panoramic graphy (LPG) to diagnose unilateral anterior disc displacement (ADD) of the temporomandibular joint. Methods Using MRI, OPT, and LPG imaging methods, 2 angles, and 3 linear measurements were made: antero-posterior angle (APA), s...

Although the connection of implant abutments to implant analogs and implant bodies has been evaluated separately, comparative evaluation of connections to implant analogs and implant bodies has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to identify whether torque applied during laboratory manufacturing and during restoration cementation af...

Purpose: To examine the changes of dentoalveolar structures and pathologies in the maxillary sinus before and after dental implant surgery alone or with direct vs indirect sinus lifting using CBCT images of the maxillary posterior region. Materials and methods: Preoperative and postoperative CBCT images of 50 sinus sites and the alveolar bone ar...

Objective: In this study, we aimed to analyze the relationship of sigmoid sinus (SS) with external auditory canal, facial nerve and mastoid cells from an anatomical point of view, to define the position of sigmoid sinus during transmastoid, translabyrinthine, retrosigmoid (lateral suboccipital) approaches, in tympanomastoidectomy and posterior cran...

Aim Aim This case series report aims to discuss clinical findings of lichenoid reactions that were induced by amalgam fillings in 3 patients. Case Report Case Report Three patients who applied to our clinic with the complaint of a burning sensation in the buccal mucosa were referred to our clinic. All patients were males who had amalgam restoration...

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the paranasal sinus septa and evaluate the gender differences using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: : CBCT images of 300 patients were used in this study. The number, types, and orientations of septa and the angle between the septa and the midline was measure...

We thank to Dr. Perrella and and his fellow authors for your kind letter and thoughtful comments [...]

This study aims to investigate the effect of using an artificial intelligence (AI) system (Diagnocat, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA) for caries detection by comparing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) evaluation results with and without the software. 500 CBCT volumes are scored by three dentomaxillofacial radiologists for the presence of caries s...

To effectively address breastfeeding issues for neonates and mothers, one must understand the physiology of breastfeeding and the anatomical components involved in sucking, swallowing, and respiration. This study compared the tongue position and movement of neonates with tongue ties versus healthy controls during sucking. A new objective ultrasonog...

Background This retrospective study aimed to develop a deep learning algorithm for the interpretation of panoramic radiographs and to examine the performance of this algorithm in the detection of some periodontal problems such as horizontal alveolar bone loss, vertical bone defect, and furcation defect. Methods A total of 1121 panoramic radiograph...

Te detection of mesiodens supernumerary teeth is crucial for appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Te study aimed to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model to automatically detect mesiodens in cone-beam computed tomography images. A datatest of anonymized 851 axial slices of 106 patients' cone-beam images was used to process the ar...

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a relatively new imaging modality and the three-dimensional (3D) images obtained via micro-CT allow researchers to collect both quantitative and qualitative information on various types of samples. Micro-CT could potentially be used to examine human diseases and several studies have been published on this top...

Background Panoramic radiographs, in which anatomic landmarks can be observed, are used to detect cases closely related to pediatric dentistry. The purpose of the study is to investigate the success and reliability of the detection of maxillary and mandibular anatomic structures observed on panoramic radiographs in children using artificial intelli...

This retrospective study is aimed at developing a web-based artificial intelligence (AI) software (DiagnoCat) for periodontal bone loss detection on panoramic radiographs and evaluating the model's performance by comparing it with clinicians' results. Separate models are trained for tooth and periodontal bone loss detection. The first model's objec...

This study aimed to evaluate radiation doses from handheld X-ray devices, specifically NOMAD Pro 2 TM (DvcN), Rextar X (DvcRX), and Diox 602 (DvcD), targeting operator and patient's critical organs and tissues. Calibrated TLD-100H dosimeters were placed on a mannequin and phantom head, focusing on the eyes, thyroid, gonads, hands, and salivary glan...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between orthodontic malocclusion, paranasal sinus (PS) variations, and adenoid vegetation in a group of pediatric patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Clinical and radiographical data were retrospectively evaluated and 58 patients were diagnosed as having chronic sinus disease. Cone-beam comput...