Junji Ohtani

This study was to investigate the influences of habitual mouth breathing on memory and learning ability during the growth period. At age 5 weeks, the experimental rats were subjected to surgery to close completely one side of the nasal cavity. An 8-arm radial maze was used to evaluate memory and learning ability at age 7, 11, and 15 weeks. Moreover...

Crouzon syndrome is a type of craniofacial dysostosis characterized by early fusion of certain skull bones, which can affect the shape of the head and face. Signs and symptoms of Crouzon syndrome include bulging eyes, underdeveloped upper jaw and severe mandibular prognathism. This case report describes a patient with Crouzon syndrome who received...

Objective: Mini-screws have widely been used as a temporary anchorage device. We previously reported the importance of insertion torque for primary implant stability. However, it remains unclear whether or not the destruction of cortical bone surrounding the mini-screw depends on the magnitude of the insertion torque, and whether or not the destroy...

This case report describes the treatment of a skeletal Class III malocclusion with autotransplantation of a cryopreserved tooth. To gain an esthetic facial profile and good occlusion, extraction of bimaxillary premolars and surgical therapy were chosen. The patient had chronic apical periodontitis on the lower left first molar. Although she did not...

In order to determine a suitable condition for osteoblasts cryopreservation, murine osteoblasts were freezed by programmed freezer with a magnetic field (CAS freezer). After 7 days cryopreservation at -150°, the number of survival cells immediately after thawing and the growth rate of cultured cells for 48 hours were examined. Gene and protein expr...

Condylar regeneration with the use of functional appliances after condylectomy has been validated. However, the process during treatment remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the condylar regeneration process and then examined mandibular growth and masticatory muscle activity after regeneration in growing rats. Seventy-five male Wistar rats...

Root resorption is an adverse outcome of orthodontic tooth movement. However, there have been no available approaches for the protection and repair of root resorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on root resorption during experimental tooth movement and the effects of LIPUS in the RAN...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the interaction of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs)-C and -D with cell surface foetal liver kinase-1 (Flk-1) and fms-like tyrosine kinase-4 (Flt-4) receptors in the induction and activity of osteoclasts in cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Design: PBMCs were...

This case report describes the treatment of a case involving a skeletal Class II facial profile with a gummy smile. While treating a facial profile and a gummy smile, the outcome may not always be successful with orthodontic therapy alone. For this reason, surgical therapy is often chosen to gain an esthetic facial profile and a good smile. However...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term cryopreservation on the root of an incomplete human tooth with periodontal ligament cells (PDL) and dental pulp tissues. Extracted teeth were cryopreserved for three months using a programmed freezer combined with a magnetic field, known as Cells Alive System "CAS". PDL regenera...

Hemifacial microsomia is the most common congenital craniofacial anomaly after cleft lip and palate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the final outcome of team care for patients with hemifacial microsomia after a protocol of growth management, orthodontic treatment, orthognathic surgery, and soft-tissue augmentation. This was a retrospecti...

Our recent studies showed that a programmed freezer with a magnetic field (CAS freezer) is helpful in the survival of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells after cryopreservation. The theory is that a magnetic field can prevent the cluster from growing by causing it to vibrate. In this letter, we commented in detail on the influence of a magnetic field...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a new cryopreservation method with a magnetic field on periodontal regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Human periodontal ligament cells were frozen in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide by using a programmed freezer with a magnetic field. Cells were cryopreserved for 3 days at -150°C. Immediately after thaw...

Expression of osteoclasts in osteopetrotic (op/op) mice is substantially reduced by the absence of functional macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). However, it has been reported that osteoclasts do gradually appear in the bones of op/op mice and spontaneously correct the osteopetrosis. Age-related production of osteoclasts and the changes o...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term cryopreservation on the isolated human periodontal ligament cells (PDL) and pulp tissues. In the first part of study, 10 freshly extracted teeth were selected and divided into two groups. In the cryopreserved group, the teeth were frozen for 5 years using a programmed freezer combin...

To investigate how mandibular and femoral growth is affected when sex hormone- specific receptor antagonist is administered in growing mice. Forty C57BL/6J mice were used in this experiment. At 5 days of age, the mice received daily injection of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), beta (ERβ), or androgen receptor (AR) antagonists, and their body weight...

Fujita T, Ohtani J, Shirakura M, Hayashi H, Kawata T, Kaku M, Motokawa M, Tanne K. Changes in cortical bone mineralization in the mouse mandible with regenerated condyle. Eur J Oral Sci 2011; 119: 136–140. © 2011 Eur J Oral Sci The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of condylectomy and of a functional appliance on the mineral conte...

At the present time, there are no reports in the literature on the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) by intrusion of molars using mini-screws. This case report describes the treatment for a female patient, aged 19 years seven months, with a TMD and an excessive lower anterior facial height. Overjet and overbite were +5.0 mm and +0...

Sex hormones are important for bone growth. However, the mechanism by which sex hormone receptors influence bone growth remains unclear. In orthodontic treatment, there is a need to develop an indicator of bone maturity to accurately predict the beginning and end of growth. This indicator might be developed from the screening of sex hormones. The p...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can induce neovascularization. We recent found that the number of osteoclasts was enhanced of VEGF with the application of mechanical force for experimental tooth movement. In this study, the VEGF was detected in osteoblasts and periodontal tissues on the tension and pressure side of the alveolar bone. More...

Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is characterized by unilateral underdevelopment of facial bones and soft tissues originating from the first and second branchial arches. In this article, we report an adolescent HFM patient treated with a functional appliance to facilitate mandibular growth.The patient was a 7-year 1-month-old boy with the chief complain...

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the upper and lower lip vermilion areas and the relevant factors in mandibular prognathism patients treated with orthognathic surgery.The samples were diagnosed as a mandibular protrusion and collected from mandibular prognathism patients before treatment with orthognathic surgery from 2000 to...

Mesenchymal stem cells are used in the reconstruction of many organs and tissues. However, there are no data regarding cranial suture regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells. Because cranial sutures are important for cranial bone growth, the authors examined whether mesenchymal stem cells could aid with suture reformation in adolescent rats. Mese...

The present study was designed to examine the expression of Sox 9 and type II and X collagens in regenerated condyle resulting from the use of a functional appliance. Ninety, 3-week-old, mice were divided equally into the following groups: two experimental groups (condylectomy group and condylectomy with functional appliance group) and the correspo...

Our new method, presented here for the first time, demonstrates the possibility of storing a human periodontal ligament (PDL) in a frozen state over a period of 3 days with the perio-dontal membrane remaining viable, enabling the thawed tooth to heal with a normal perio-dontal ligament. The final temperature, incubation at -55 and the intensity of...

The purpose of this study was to establish a long-term tooth cryopreservation method that can be used for tooth autotransplantation. Human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells were frozen in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me(2)SO) using a programmed freezer with a magnetic field. Cells were cryopreserved for 7 days at -150 degrees C. Immediately after thawing...

Objective: Autotransplantation with the use of teeth bank can add a new dimension to treatment planning. In this aspect, it is compulsory to preserve living cells and tissues at a structurally-intact status. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of long-term cryopreservation with a magnetic field programmed freezer on human periodonta...

Idiopathic scoliosis is a well-known orthopedic disease in childhood and the onset and progress are observed during adolescence. It is speculated that the progress of idiopathic scoliosis affects the maxillofacial growth and the function of the temporomandibular joint because the craniofacial skeletal is located on the top of the spinal column. Ano...

This report describes the treatment of a case of severe open bite with posterior crossbite. While treating open bite, the outcome may not always be successful with orthodontic therapy alone. In such cases, surgical therapy is often chosen to gain a stable occlusion. Skeletal anchorage systems such as miniscrews are now frequently used for correctin...

The incidence of primary osteoporosis is higher in Japan than in USA and European countries. Recently, the importance of preventive medicine has been gradually recognized in the field of orthopaedic surgery with a concept that peak bone mass should be increased in childhood as much as possible for the prevention of osteoporosis. Under such backgrou...

Previous studies have indicated that an injured condyle during adolescence is a causative factor for reduced mandibular growth and resulting asymmetry of the mandible. The aim of this study was to examine the nature of mandibular growth after unilateral condylectomy and to elucidate the effects of mandibular advancement. Sixty growing mice were sub...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces osteoclast differentiation as well as neovascularization by binding to the fms-like tyrosine kinase (Flt)-1 and fetal liver kinase (Flk)-1 receptors. The Flt-4 receptor also plays an important role in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functions of F...

It has been reported that both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and macrophage colonystimulating factor (M-CSF) can induce osteoclast recruitment. Thus, VEGF and M-CSF are considered to be closely involved in the bone remodeling process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in VEGF and M-CSF expression during orthodontic treat...

It has been reported that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 165 and placenta growth factor (PlGF) can induce differentiation of osteoclasts via Flt-1, because Flt-1 is the common receptor of these two factors. However, little is known about osteoclast differentiation via Flk-1, which is one of the main receptors for VEGF165. VEGF-E showed p...

This paper presents a newly developed coordinated voltage control system, the central VQC (Voltage Q (reactive power) Control) as a tertiary voltage control, and examines its performance in operation at the central load dispatching center for the Tohoku Electric Power (Tohoku EPCO) grid. This central VQC coordinates voltage control with the existin...

It has been reported that reduction of masticatory afferent stimulation might influence learning and memory function. In order to clarify the influences of reduced masticatory sensory input on spatial memory/learning ability and neuropathological changes, we conducted the Morris water maze experiment and investigated the number of hippocampal neuro...

It has not yet been clarified how sex hormones affect craniofacial bone development immediately after birth. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sex hormone deficiency on craniofacial bone development immediately after birth, in terms of the internal structure of the mandible in newborn mice with orchiectomy (ORX) and ovariectom...

A number of studies have been conducted on atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors in Hi- roshima and Nagasaki, evaluating the late influence of ionizing radiation on humans. The enormous atomic bomb explosion caused massive destruction and loss of lives in Hiroshima in 1945. The present study was conducted to examine the relationship between radiation ex-...

The deposition of amyloid beta (Abeta) protein is a neuropathological change that characterizes Alzheimer's disease. Animals with the osteopetrosis (op/op) mutation suffer from a general skeletal sclerosis, a significantly reduced number of macrophages and osteoclasts in various tissues, and have no systemic macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-...

We report the case of a girl aged 10 years whose alveolar bony defect was closed with a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, which was incorporated in bone after 4 months. We suggest that the principle of guided bone regeneration can be used to repair cleft defects provided that the mucoperiosteal flaps are handled carefully and that good anti-infecti...

Our recent studies demonstrated that local administration of recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor (rhVEGF) during experimental tooth movement enhanced the number of osteoclasts and the rate of tooth movement. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of anti-VEGF polyclonal antibody on osteoclastic differentiation, the amo...

It has been reported that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), expressed by osteoblasts, can induce osteoclast recruitment and thus affects bone remodeling. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cyclic tensile forces on the expression of VEGF and macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells...

A 0.13μm magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) with 0.26×0.44μm² magnetic-tunneling-junction (MTJ) is presented for 1.2V high-speed operation beyond 143MHz, where MTJ parameters are best-tuned for its maximum performance. We have found that there is a universal relationship between magneto-resistance (MR) and resistance-area produ...

Many studies have been conducted in the United States regarding the microbial contamination of dental unit waterline, but not in Japan. Recently, acidic electrolyzed water has been used in the medical and dental fields. In this study, we investigated the bactericidal effects of the temporary inflow of acidic electrolyzed water on microbial contamin...

It is well-known that sex hormones influence bone metabolism. However, it remains unclear as to how sex hormones affect bone growth in newborn mice. In this study, we performed orchiectomy (ORX) and ovariectomy (OVX) on newborn mice, and examined the effects on craniofacial growth morphometrically. ORX and OVX were performed on five-day-old C57BL/6...

Alendronate, one of the bisphosphonates, is known to have an inhibitory effect on bone resorption. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of alendronate on ectopic bone graft resorption and to determine the optimal dose in the mouse. The grafted bone in the control group disappeared due to resorption by osteoclasts within 5 weeks....

Formation of senile plaques (SPs) by amyloid beta (Abeta) protein is a neuropathological change which characterizes Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Abeta deposition and neuron loss are essential for the pathological cascade of the disease. Although the mechanism of Abeta deposition remains unclear, it has been suggested that clearance of Abeta protei...

Alendronate, a bisphosphonates was examined for inhibitory effect on bone resoption. The mice were divided into two groups: 10-7 M alendronate immersed group and saline group. The tarsal bone to transplanted after immersing in 10-7 M alendronate for 15 minutes at 37°C. While the grafted bone disappeared within one month in the control group, 80% of...

Alendronate, one of the bisphosphonates, is known to have an inhibitory effect on bone resorption. The purpose of study was to investigate the effects of alendronate on ectopic bone graft resotption and to determine the optimal dose in the mouse. In control group, segments of chopped tarsal bone were immersed in saline solution and auto-grafted. in...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has an ability to induce functional osteoclasts as well as neovascularization. We recently reported that the number of osteoclasts was enhanced by the injection of recombinant human VEGF (rhVEGF) with the application of mechanical force for experimental tooth movement. In this study, the expression of VEGF...

It is well accepted that mechanical loading inhibits bone resorption and increases in vivo bone formation. It is also known that cyclic mechanical loading, in particular, can enhance bone formation significantly. These findings suggest a significant role for mechanical stimuli in bone remodelling mediated by various local growth factors including i...

The time-dependent effects of daily dosing of IGF-I (1.21 mg/g) on the linear growth of the femur were investigated in mice. The femoral length and volume and the number of osteoclasts were significantly greater after IGF-I injection as compared to the non-injected control, suggesting that the IGF-I imbalance might cause a quick turnover cycle of t...

It is well accepted that reduced masticatory function resulted from a soft diet with low physical consistency causes morphologic and histologic alterations in the craniofacial skeleton in growing animals. It is also assumed that these alterations are associated with reduced proliferative activity of osteoblasts on the bone surface, indicating a sig...

Osteopetrotic (op/op) mice have a prominent deficiency of osteoclasts caused by the absence of functional macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). In the present study, we examined bone formation of the mandibular condyle after consecutive injections of M-CSF using 5 days-old mutant mice. In the M-CSF injected op/op mice, bone resorption on th...

Ovariectomy (OVX) and orchiectomy (ORX) are well known to increase bone turnover, however, the osteogenic effects are not fully understood. In this study, influences of sex hormone secretion cessation was examined for both sexes and different bones in terms of the change in the number of osteoblasts regarded as an index of bone formation. Male and...

This paper describes a system integrated memory with direct interface to CPU which integrates an SRAM, a DRAM, and control circuitry, including a tag memory (TAG). This memory realizes a computer system without glue chips, and thus enables a computer system which is low cost, low power, and compact size, but still with sufficient performance. Also...

Vessel elements in the woods of the fourteen species of Pseudopanax indigenous to New Zealand were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The occurrence of the vestured (or warty) layer, helical thickenings, various perforation plate types, and the type and distribution.of vessel pits confirmed the validity of the species groups proposed by P...

There appears to be no difference between vestures and warts in morphology, origins or chemical composition. It is suggested therefore that the terms warts and warty layer should be abandoned and replaced by the terms vestures and vestured layer.

The vessel elements and fibres of 203 New Zealand woody species from 81 genera belonging to 52 dicotyledonous families were examined for the presence or absence of warts. During the survey warts were found to be present in 55 species from 20 genera belonging to 12 families but were absent or rarely present in the remainder. With the exception of Ps...