Judith E Albino

University of Colorado Boulder | CUB · Colorado School of Public Health

The population of the United States has changed dramatically over recent decades and, with it, the oral health care needs of the nation. Most notably, the racial/ethnic composition of the population has shifted from a European American majority to what is now a much more diverse population, comprising a variety of racial/ethnic groups that, taken t...

Profound and consequential disparities in oral health persist for American Indians and Alaska Natives. Decades of epidemiological studies have documented rates of early childhood caries (ECC) among American Indian children that are more than six times higher than those for white children, and three times higher than the rates for the general US pop...

Assessment is not a unitary concept when it comes to methodology. There are any number of methods that can be used, to monitor and measure students' progression of learning, depending on the competencies being assessed. Using only one or two methods to assess students’ attainment of the wide variety of knowledge, skills, and abilities supporting de...

In this article, the Task Force on Student Outcomes Assessment of the American Dental Education Association's Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education describes the current status of student outcomes assessment in U.S. dental education. This review is divided into six sections. The first summarizes the literature on assessment of den...

Professional psychology education faces many critical challenges brought about by the major changes occurring in the health care arena. This article shows that professional schools and programs have a good record of responding to these challenges and of taking proactive steps sponding to prepare their graduates for new health care roles and deliver...

Studies examining health consequences of the release of mercury from dental amalgams have concluded that there is insufficient mercury released from these restorations to cause a medical problem. Although the mercury vapor generated during removal of amalgams will cause a transient increase in the patient's mercury level in tissue fluids, biochemic...

Adolescents with commonly occurring forms of malocclusion often are presumed to be at risk for negative self-esteem and social maladjustment. A randomized control group design was used to assess the psychosocial effects of orthodontic treatment for esthetic impairment. Ninety-three participants, 11 to 14 years old, with mild to moderate malocclusio...

Adolescents have been recognized as critical targets for health promotion efforts for two reasons. (1) The primary causes of adolescent morbidity and mortality are primarily related to preventable social, environmental, and behavioral factors, and (2)Much adult mortality can be attributed to modifiable factors that have their onset during the adole...

Cooperation of 39 adolescents with orthodontic treatment was examined 8-10 months into treatment and again at completion. Early in treatment, parental attitudes served as the best predictors of cooperation. By the end of active treatment, however, the adolescent patients' own cognitions were the most salient predictors of cooperation. Prior to begi...

These results indicate that patients' expectations of dentures before treatment were unrealistically high and that informational videotapes did not significantly affect these expectations. Satisfaction with current dentures was surprisingly high before treatment and increased significantly from pretreatment to postreatment for both groups in the st...

The Orthodontic Locus of Control (OLOC) Scale was developed to assess the ways in which persons perceive and evaluate the events that determine occlusal status and orthodontic treatment. The children's OLOC Scale is a 34-item self-administered inventory with a 6-point response format. The adult measure is a similar, 28-item version of the scale. A...

The results of a survey that examined the perceptions and attitudes of patients who have completed fixed prosthodontic treatment were described. The data obtained in this survey confirm the clinical experiences of many restorative dentists. Most patients desire functional, comfortable, and particularly, esthetic restorations. They are sensitive to...

Dental faculty in clinical departments can develop as scholars and researchers while enhancing their value as educators. The obstacles created by inadequate training and background for research, lack of appropriate role models, and competing demands on the faculty members' time are all significant. There are ways of dealing with these problems, how...

This paper explores the collaborative research relationships between clinical dentists and behavioral scientists in dental education. The emergence of behavioral sciences in dentistry is discussed and attention is given to the nature of professional roles in collaborative clinical research. Components for a model for collaborative clinical research...

We studied the effect of preoperative preparation on stress reduction in children hospitalized for dental surgery under general anesthesia. Participants were 45 children, 3 and 4 years of age, with no previous hospital-surgery experience and no history of medical or psychological conditions requiring special care. Subjects were randomly assigned to...

Since the decision to seek orthodontic treatment is frequently the result of concerns about appearance, assessment of need for treatment should include an impartial evaluation of dental-facial appearance. While some of the standardized techniques for assessing malocclusion have included a consideration of esthetic impairment, they tend to confound...

A previous report describes the reliability and validity of a scale designed to assess perceptions of dental-facial attractiveness, independent of occlusal function. The purpose of the present study was to assess the consistency of judgments of dental-facial attractiveness (DFA) for sex and race differences in photographed children. Using a five-po...

Issues related to women's physical health and health care reflect the broader concerns of women who must function within systems that have been constructed by and for men. The health care system in this country is still very much a male-dominated institution in which the demands on women to fit a male model are especially cogent (Lee, 1975). Becaus...

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors underlying dental students' evaluations of preclinical instruction. Ninety sophomore students in academic year 1979-80 and 74 sophomore students in academic year 1980-81 rated five preclinical instructors in a fixed prosthodontic technique course. At the end of the course, prior to final examina...

The Orthodontic Attitude Survey was designed to assess children's and their parents' attitudes toward malocclusion and orthodontic treatment. Five consistent clusters of attitudes had discriminant validity, and were significantly related to plans for orthodontic treatment and to objective and subjective indicators of the child's occlusal status and...

The purpose of this research was to determine the reliability and validity of selected clinical judgments of malocclusion, including general evaluations of occlusal status and more specific aspects of dentofacial malrelations. Study casts of twenty-one adolescents planning orthodontic treatment and twenty-nine not planning treatment were examined a...

Troublesome behaviours of adolescent patients are explained using the cognitive-developmental framework of Elkind (1978). Self-contradictory and seemingly irrational behaviours reflect the limited experience of adolescents with newly acquired thinking and reasoning processes. The most important task of adolescence is establishing the adult identity...

Overall, these results support the view that dental-facial esthetics and self-perceptions of occlusal appearance, as well as attitudes toward malocclusion and orthodontic treatment, are important factors in the individual's decision to obtain orthodontic treatment. The data indicate that psychosocial variables not directly related to occlusal probl...

Patient cooperation is recognized as an important factor in the outcome of orthodontic treatment. In order to predict patient cooperation, there have been numerous studies which have examined its correlates in orthodontic treatment. However, few, if any, of these studies have considered the reliability or stability of their patient cooperation meas...

In establishing the validity of an index for identifying individuals needing orthodontic treatment, we must concern ourselves with the construct validity of the measure. Since it is clear that the relevant theory concerning need for treatment must include esthetics and the accompanying social and psychological characteristics, the construct validat...

No Abstract Available. This research was supported in part by NIH-NIDR-NOI-DE-72499. An earlier version of the report was presented at the March 1978 meeting of the International Association for Dental Research.

Correlation techniques were used in comparing plaque ratings obtained from six assessment and scoring methods. These included a technique for clinical assessment of 12 buccal and lingual surfaces selected as representative of the whole mouth; the same assessment technique applied to eight anterior surfaces; plainimeter measurement of plaque reveale...

It must be noted that all subjects in this program received the standard care 'package' provided by the Erie County Health Department. This included water fluoridation, routine classroom oral hygiene instruction, oral examination, and 'referral to care' - often to 'in school' clinics. Components of this 'package' presented to the control group stud...