Jong Hyeon Lee

Chungnam National University | CNU · Department of Materials Science and Engineering

The effect of temperature on the corrosion behaviour of Inconel alloys employed for the electroreduction of metal oxides to metals in a lithium molten salt was investigated. The ratio of the weight loss of Inconel 601 and 690 to that of Inconel 600, Inconel 601 and 690 was approximately four and six at 650 °C, and five and eight times higher than t...

The hot corrosion behaviors of Inconel alloys with different Cr contents (Inconel 600, 601, and 690), which are used widely in nuclear plants, were investigated in molten LiCl–Li2O salts. The hot corrosion behaviors were studied by measuring the mass and attack depth changes, surface and cross-sectional morphologies and elemental distributions, and...

The hot corrosion behaviors of Inconel alloys with different Cr contents (Inconel 600, 601, and 690), which are used widely in nuclear plants, were investigated in molten LiCl-Li 2 O salts. The hot corrosion behaviors were studied by measuring the mass and attack depth changes, surface and cross-sectional morphologies and elemental distributions, a...

Titanium metal preparation from titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been the subject of numerous studies to overcome the chlorination processes at the heart of the Kroll process. In this study, an alumino-magnesiothermic reduction approach is employed to obtain a Ti-rich ingot via the combustion of an exothermic mixture of TiO2–KClO4–Al(Mg)-KClO4–CaF2 comp...

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effect of a film forming amine (FFA) on the magnetite deposition behavior of Alloy 690 tube in the secondary coolant system of pressurized water reactors. By the addition of octadecylamine (ODA), which is a FFA, an organic film with a petal-like form was evenly formed on the surface of the steam generat...

Silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) are potential anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to their natural abundance, low discharge potential, and high theoretical capacity. Carbon coating improves the capacity of the Si NPs, protects them from disintegration during the lithiation/delithiation process, and provides an additional co...

To manufacture titanium subchlorides (TiClx, x = 2, 3), a combustion synthesis technique based on a displacement reaction between PbCl2 and Ti is devised. During the combustion reaction at 670–940°C, a molten product including TiCl2 (and/or TiCl3) and Pb is formed. The reaction mechanism and high-temperature kinetics are described in addition to te...

Spent nuclear fuel is electro-reduced in a chemically aggressive atmosphere wherein oxygen is generated at the anode in the presence of lithium molten salt containing a strong basic oxide, Li2O. Herein, the effect of the Li2O concentration on the hot corrosion behaviour of Haynes 263 and Inconel X-750 was investigated by immersion in molten LiCl–Li...

The importance of ZT in thermoelectric (TE) materials is critical for green power generation and cooling applications. Therefore, tremendous efforts were underway to improve ZT, in which we proposed a layer structured approach by successively arranging of coarse Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 (BST) and fine BST/0.07Cu microstructure materials and investigated their...

This paper describes a promising approach to synthesize equiangular 2D hexagons of AlN by carbon-assisted combustion of Al-0.1AlF3 mixture in a nitrogen atmosphere. Two-dimensional hexagons with thicknesses ranging from 0.05 to 5 μm and lateral sizes ranging from 0.5 to 150 μm are successfully produced at the 1800–1950 °C temperature range. It was...

The effect of alloying elements and microstructure on the dynamic strain aging (DSA) behavior of 1.25Cr-0.5Mo (P11, ASTM 335Gr.P11) and 2.25Cr-1Mo (P22, ASTM 335Gr.P22) steels was investigated. For both steels, different cooling conditions such as air-cooling (AC) and oil-quenching (OQ) were applied. Tensile tests were conducted in the temperature...

Titanium suboxides with the general formula TinO2n−1 (n > 1.0), also referred to as Magnéli phases, have been the subject of numerous studies due to their unique properties. Titanium low oxygen suboxides located at n = 1 (TiO) or below (Ti6O, Ti3O and Ti2O) are no less important; however, there is a lack of research on the synthesis of such materia...

The rapid increase in the population of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales has become a global health concern. During 2017-2020, we collected a total of 44 Escherichia coli isolates co-harboring blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-181 from patients at 17 hospitals in Seoul, and characterized them based on antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance genes and pl...

Colistin is usually used as a drug of last resort against infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). Recently, the acquisition of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes by CRE is a cause for worry. Here, we investigated the prevalence of mcr genes in CRE isolates in Seoul,...

The purpose of this work is to quantify the effects of dissolved zinc cations on corrosion and release rates from a pre-filmed Alloy 690 steam generator tubing material that was subsequently exposed to water containing zinc. The corrosion tests were performed in circulating 2 ppm Li and 1000 ppm B water without and with 60 ppb zinc at 330 °C. Gravi...

Coherent precipitates hardening is currently emerging strengthening mechanism of the various high entropy alloys (HEAs). Recently, CrMnFeCoNiAlx HEAs have been studied to show a phase transition from face-centered-cubic (FCC) to body-centered-cubic (BCC) and formation of coherent precipitates (B2-NiAl) within the BCC matrix. The coherent precipitat...

The analyses of phase composition, microstructure and the mechanical properties were conducted for as-cast TaxAl0.7CoCrFeNi2.1 (x = 0.3, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7) eutectic high entropy composites (EHECs). With the x value increases from 0.3 to 0.6, the phases of dendrite changed from L12 to B2 and volume fraction of ultrafine-eutectic matrix consisting of...

In the background of enhancing thermoelectric (TE) figure of merit of solid-state materials, the introduction of porous structure can significantly decrease lattice thermal conductivity by intensifying phonon scattering at the inhomogeneous microscale pores. Herein, we developed a porous structure in Cu0.07Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 compounds utilizing PVA as t...

Strontium lanthanum vanadate La1-xSrxVO3 (LSVO) is a promising anode material for electrochemical devices, especially for solid oxide fuel cells, thanks to its irregular electrical conductivity. However, the known synthesis methods are incapable of producing well-dispersed LSVO nanoparticles (NPs) with homogeneous size distribution, which partly im...

Ethanolamine (ETA) is widely used to control the pH value in the secondary water of pressurized water reactors. However, it is necessary to consider other advanced amines which can replace ETA due to its serious human hazards and environmental treatment problems. The purpose of this study is to contemplate the effects of three advanced amines (ETA,...

In this study, the isothermal and cyclic corrosion behaviours of Haynes 282 and Haynes 214 in a lithium molten salt were investigated at 650°C for 168 h and 7 thermal cycles, respectively; this was achieved by measuring the mass changes, surface and cross-sectional morphologies with their elemental distributions, and compositional changes in the su...

The fabrication of high-quality metallic powders has been attracted considerable attention in terms of producing advanced materials through additive manufacturing (AM) technology. The efficiency of AM products mainly dependent on the initial powder, therefore, characterisation of pre-alloyed powders become important. In this study, we explored the...

The electrolytic reduction of a spent oxide fuel involves the liberation of oxygen in a molten salt LiCl–Li2O electrolyte, which creates a corrosive environment for typical structural materials. In this study, the corrosion behaviors of Al–Y-coated specimens in a Li molten salt kept under an oxidizing atmosphere at 650 °C for 72 and 168 h were inve...

Tantalum is a key material that is used to produce small solid capacitors with high volumetric efficiency. To achieve higher capacitances in a given volume, Ta nanopowders (NPs) with a large surface area are required for anode preparation. In this study, we report the synthesis of porous tantalum network structures by the combustion method and its...

The nucleation and spontaneous pattern formation of AlN via the combustion of Al- kC-AlF3 mixtures (k is mol of C) in nitrogen is investigated. The formation of 2D AlN hexagonal facet micro- and nanoplates, dodecagon-type AlN crystals, and six-wing hexagons is highlighted. Phase-field simulation in 2D-space is applied to interpret and/or anticipate...

The present study demonstrates the synthesis of fine hafnium (Hf) metal powders via a chemically activated combustion synthesis (CS) approach, which develops temperatures in the range of 1000-1600 oC. The current CS approach can be employed to obtain Hf powders with a single-crystalline hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structure in addition to high com...

The electrochemical behavior of Nd fluoride complexes for Nd electrowinning has been investigated according to the electrolyte composition in the LiF-NdF3 system. The electrochemical characteristics of the LiF-NdF3 electrolyte at low oxygen potential under acidic conditions and the LiF-NdF3-Nd2O3 electrolyte at high oxygen potential under basic con...

In this paper, the formation of β-Si3N4 3D self-assemblies via combustion of Si-(C2F4)n-KClO4 solid mixture in nitrogen atmosphere is demonstrated. The coupling of (C2F4)n and KClO4 additives with Si powder stimulates the combustion-nitridation process and leads to the formation and 3D self-assemblies composed of β-Si3N4 prismatic crystals. The sel...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of zinc addition to the simulated primary coolant of a PWR on fuel crud deposition behavior. Crud deposition tests were performed in recirculating hydrogenated water containing 2 ppm Li and 1000 ppm B at three different zinc concentrations (0, 20, and 100 ppb) at 325 °C and 120 bar. Crud deposi...

The high-temperature corrosion behavior of anode current collectors in liquid Ag under an oxidizing atmosphere was investigated. The weight gain in oxygen was higher than that of liquid Ag because of the effective barrier formed by Ag-rich layer coated on the corrosion layer. The thickness of the corrosion layer under oxygen was approximately twice...

In this study, tantalum network nanoparticles are prepared from a Ta2O5+kMg system via a liquid magnesium-controlled combustion reaction. Super-stoichiometric amounts of magnesium are used in the preparation of a reaction mixture to produce a liquid magnesium pool capable of lowering the combustion temperature and leading to the formation of Ta net...

This study investigates two-dimensional REB6 nanostructures formation from a reaction mixture of RE2O3–B2O3–Mg–NaCl composition (RE is Ce, La, Nd, or Eu). The reaction mixture is sealed in a metal cup and is preliminarily heated in argon to reach the flash point. A combustion wave forms on the top surface of the pellet after self-ignition at ∼650 °...

The effect of solution annealing and aging treatment on the intergranular carbide precipitation behavior of alloy 690 tubes for steam generators is investigated. The carbides precipitated on the grain boundaries were identified as chromium-rich M23C6 carbide, which has a cube-cube orientation relationship with the matrix on one side of neighboring...

Evaporation of tellurium (Te) occurs during most of the fabrication methods which leads to a strong deviation on thermoelectric properties. Due to the existence of volatile tellurium has been a great challenge to determine the accurate chemical compositions in the Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 compound for optimizing the carrier concentration. Herein, we systemati...

For economic viability of thermoelectric modules, issues of scalability and sturdiness to drive down production and manufacturing cost must be adequately addressed. In this study, we report a large-scale production of 3 Kg/batch of 75%Sb2Te3-25%Bi2Te3 powder by gas atomization. The as-produced large-scale atomized powder was subsequently sintered b...

Decoupling the Seebeck coefficient, electrical and thermal conductivity has been a great challenge in efforts to obtain thermoelectric materials with a high figure of merit (ZT) for power generation and cooling applications. In this work, p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 samples were fabricated by combining gas atomization and spark plasma sintering. Heat-trea...

This study describes the development of a one-pot strategy to produce spherical alloy microparticles for advanced near-net-shape manufacturing processes, including additive manufacturing and powder injection molding. The AlSi12 eutectic alloy (ca. 12 wt% Si) system was chosen as the model with which the main experiments were carried out. The propos...

Among metal waste generated during the dismantling of a nuclear power plant, the steam generator, which is the main component of nickel alloy contaminated by Co-60, is classified as large-scale waste. Therefore, for the decontamination of cobalt in a contaminated nickel alloy, the separation behavior of nickel and cobalt in a LiCl-KCl molten salt c...

The hot corrosion behaviour of YSZ specimens sintered at 1500 °C (6 and 11 h) and 1600 °C (11 h) was evaluated in CaCl2-CaF2-CaO molten salt at 1150 °C. YSZ sintered at 1600 °C for 11 h exhibited the lowest corrosion, whereas YSZ sintered at 1500 °C for 6 h showed the most corrosion, with a grain size dependency. XRD analysis showed that all YSZ co...

Background/aim: Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) is an exact method of measuring nucleic acids. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate minimal residual disease (MRD) using ddPCR in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Patients and methods: Between May 2013 and November 2014, CML patients treated with nilotinib wer...

In this paper, we describe a progressive two-step process that allows titanium and zirconium fluorides (TiF4, ZrF4) contained in spent liquors of etched Ti and Zr alloys to be effectively recycled into CuTi and CuZr alloy compositions and a regenerated pickling acid of high purity. In the first step, spent pickling liquor is treated with a BaF2 sus...

Background: Patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mutations in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 gene (FLT3) infrequently have a response to salvage chemotherapy. Gilteritinib is an oral, potent, selective FLT3 inhibitor with single-agent activity in relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated AML. Methods: In a phase 3 tri...

The high-temperature corrosion behaviors of Kanthal alloy for an anode current-collector were investigated at 1150 °C in molten silver under an oxidizing atmosphere. The hot corrosion products of Kanthal alloy in the gas section were Al2O3 and Al2O3 and FeAl2O4 obtained after 1 d and 3, 5, and 7 d, respectively. Contrarily, only Al2O3 was identifie...

Recent developments have seen breakthroughs in zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional AlN micro- and nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, thin films and 3D multifold symmetry crystals. The attractive electrical, optical, and thermal properties of AlN make these materials irreplaceable for microelectrochemical systems (MEMS...

The electroreduction of indium tin oxide (ITO) using a solid oxide membrane anode was investigated in a molten salt of CaF2–NaF–CaO at 1150 °C under an inert atmosphere. In the CaF2–NaF blank salt, the first reduction peak did not change from −0.25 V (vs. W pseudo reference electrode (R. E.)) for the addition of up to 2 wt% CaO, but the second redu...

Through a combinatorial approach involving theory and experiments, this study investigated the mechanism of the dendritic growth of AlN microcrystals during the combustion of Al+0.1AlF3+kAl2O3 powder mixtures under nitrogen-rich conditions. The experimentally observed morphology of the dendritic AlN crystals is characterized by the six-fold branche...

Indium Tin Oxide(ITO) has been widely used at transparent electrode of Light Emitting Diode(LED) or the material of Liquid Crystal Display(LCD). However, waste ITO is generated after process and wet recycling technology has been used. In the case of wet recycling technology, a large amount of acid required and process time is so long. Then, if wast...

As the operating period of a nuclear power plant increases, the demand for dismantling of nuclear facilities has been rising, and the dismantling market is expected to continue to expand steadily. The Inconel 600, which was used as a material for the steam generator, has problem with crack and corrosion, and it is currently replaced with a steam ge...

Conventional metal production ways using graphite anode emits pollutants such as CO 2 and CO. This can be solved by replacing the graphite anode with the SOM anode, and YSZ is the representative SOM anode material. In this study, it was evaluated the formation behavior and characterization of CaZrO 3 layer formed on YSZ anode surface due to in-situ...

Soild Oxide Membranes (SOMs) process have been applied to metal production through metal oxide by direct electroreduction. In particular, the SOM process has advantages in overcoming the challenges of the low current efficiency and environmental pollution, which are the key obstacles to the electrochemical extractive metallurgy. The SOM anode used...

Solid Oxide membranes (SOMs) have been applied to metal production through oxide reduction in order to accomplish low-cost production of primary products through simple pre-processing, low capital costs, small manufacturing plants, and low energy costs. Especially, the SOM process is eco-friendly, which makes it even more attractive. The SOM proces...

The SOM process is a direct electrolytic process using an ion conductive solid oxide membrane. It is a next-generation innovative metal direct electroreduction process technology that can reduce the production cost of rare metal smelting and recycling by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and manufacturing high purity metals. The SOM process is that...

There are many researchers studied electrochemical behavior of Ti ions introduced by addition of K 2 TiF 6 , TiCl x and TiF x in chloride and fluoride electrolytes, however, there is no research about BaTiF 6 . Thus, this research contains a novel process of usage of BaTiF 6 as a solvent in fluoride molten salt at 750 ºC. There is also a novel proc...

Nanosized Ni, NiCo-Y₂O₃ powders were successfully synthesized at low temperature via a simple polymer solution route. As an organic carrier, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) afforded an atom-scale homogeneous precursor gel, which in turn gave fully crystallized nanosized Ni, NiCo-Y₂O₃ powder upon calcination at a low temperature under an Ar-4% H₂ atmosphere...

In this study, hot corrosion behaviours of Haynes 282 (H282), Nimonic 90 (N90), and Haynes HR160 (HR160) in LiCl-Li 2 O molten salt were investigated at 650 °C under argon atmosphere. The corrosion rate was in the order of H282 < N90 < HR160, depending on the morphology and structure of the scale. H282 showed a localised corrosion behaviour, while...

We described a carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli ST8499 strain producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-13 (NDM-13) from patient in Korea. The isolate exhibited multidrug resistance, but remained susceptible to colistin and tigecycline. The bla NDM-13 gene was located on a 130-kb self-transmissible plasmid. This is the first report of NDM-13 car...

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (E. coli is a main cause of diarrhea worldwide. This study reports the investigation on the occurrence of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC serotype O27:H7-associated foodborne gastrointestinal disease that occurred at two schools, one middle school and one high school, in Seoul, Korea in June 2015. The immediate governme...

Background Improvement of cytopenia is one of the primary treatment purposes for patients with the lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Androgens have been used for the treatment of aplastic anemia, immune thrombocytopenia, and telomere diseases. In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of androgen therapy in lower-risk...

Background: Gilteritinib, a highly selective, potent FLT3/AXL inhibitor, showed antileukemic activity with favorable tolerability in a phase 1/2 trial of patients (pts) with FLT3mut+ relapsed/refractory AML (Perl AE, et al. Lancet Oncol. 2017). Gilteritinib plus azacitidine (AZA) synergistically induced apoptosis and inhibited growth in the MV4-11...

Background Elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has generally poor prognosis prognosis in accordance with their unfavorable clinical and biologic features. Hypomethylating agents have shown potential in the treatment of AML as well as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In this retrospective study, we compared the outcomes of elderly AML...

Abstract This paper demonstrates for the first time the fabrication of Zr-Cu alloy ingots from a Hf- free ZrO2 precursor in a molten CaCl2 medium to recover nuclear-grade Zr. The reduction of ZrO2 in the presence of CaO was accelerated by the formation of Ca metal in the intermediate stage of the process. Tests conducted with various amounts of ZrO...

A lot of efforts being invested into producing efficient thermoelectric devices based on Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 materials for room temperature applications. Key research achievements of these efforts that incorporation of oxide nanoparticles into Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 materials exhibit higher thermoelectric performance in nano-composite form. Here, we prepared Bi0....

The effects of magnetite on the corrosion behavior of SA508 were studied in 10% and 20% EDTA-based chemical cleaning solutions at 93 °C and 121 °C using electrochemical and immersion tests. SA508 was the anode of the galvanic pair between SA508 and magnetite. The galvanic coupling shifted the mixed corrosion potential of SA508 in the positive direc...

We developed an attractive combustion approach for synthesizing uniformly shaped AlN dendritic crystals by combustion of Al + 0.1AlF3+ kAl2O3 powder mixtures in a nitrogen atmosphere. The combustion temperature measured for various k values was between 1650 and 1750 °C and the micro-droplets of Al formed in the beginning stages of the process were...

This study investigated the high-temperature stability of CSZ, YSZ, and MSZ specimens in a CaCl2-CaF2-CaO molten salt at 1200 °C for the application of the materials as oxygen-ion-conducting solid-oxide membrane anodes in the electroreduction process of metal oxides. YSZ exhibited the lowest degradation among the tested specimens in a high-temperat...

The adiabatic temperatures and equilibrium phases in the FeTiO3-αMg-C(B, Si)-kNaCl system (where α = 0.2–15, k = 0–3) were analyzed to predict the formation of fine powders of titanium compounds from natural ilmenite sand. From the parametric study, the critical variables were identified and optimized for the synthesis of FeTi, TiC, TiB2, and TiFeS...

This paper reports the preparation of Ti microparticles that are angular and spherical in shape through the combustion of a TiO2 + αCa (where α is moles of Ca) exothermic mixture in an inert atmosphere. The relationship between the combustion parameters and the properties of the resultant Ti particles is discussed with consideration of the effect o...

In this study, the mechanism of electrochemical reduction of Ta ions was investigated from the LiF-KF-K2TaF7 molten electrolyte by using the cyclic voltammetry technique. The effect of temperature, cathode potential and concentration of K2TaF7 on the reduction mechanism of Ta is examined and discussed. It was shown that at low temperature (< 710°C)...

As an alternative to wet processing, pyroprocessing shows promise in recycling transuranic elements with high proliferation resistance. The ceramic crucible used in the electrowinning process is a critical issue encountered in pyroprocessing. These ceramic crucibles are frequently damaged by thermal stress and chemical reaction, which results in si...

With the assistance of alkali metal carbonate M2CO3 (M is Na and K) as a carbon source and silicon as a displacement agent, an exothermic and self-sustaining reaction to produce two-dimensional (2-D) hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets (denoted as HP-CNSs) was achieved. The combustion reaction developed a temperature in the range of 1100–1400 °...

The electrowinning of nuclear-grade Zr from a Ba2ZrF8-ZrF4 salt system at 780C was investigated by using a zirconium tube and a copper plate as cathode materials. An equimolar Ba2ZrF8+ ZrF4 mixture was used as a low-melting-point electrolyte. Here, Ba2ZrF8 is a single source of zirconium and ZrF4 is an auxiliary product to convert BavZrF8 into a lo...

In the production of zirconium cladding tube, a pickling acid solution is used to remove surface contaminants, which generates tons of pickling acid waste. The waste pickling solution is a valuable resource of Hf-free Zr. Many studies have investigated separating the Hf-free Zr source from the waste pickling acid. The results showed that Ba2ZrF8 pr...

The high-temperature stability of YSZ and MSZ specimens was investigated in CaF2-MgF2-MgO molten salt at 1200°C. YSZ was mostly composed of m-ZrO2 and a small part of YF3 in the early stages. The formation of YF3 was attributed to the chemical reaction between Y2O3 and MgF2, which can lead to the leaching of Y2O3 from YSZ. With an increase in expos...

The combustion phenomenon is characterized by rapid self-sustaining reactions, which can occur in the solid, liquid, or gas phase. Specific types of these reactions are used to produce valuable materials by different combustion synthesis (CS) routes. In this article, all three CS approaches, i.e. solid-phase, solution, and gas-phase flame, are revi...

In this study, a single-step combustion process for the synthesis 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D micro and nanostructures of AlN was developed. The structures were grown by combustion of Al+kAlF3 (or ZnF2)+mNH4Cl reaction mixture under 4.0 MPa nitrogen atmosphere. Based on experimental data, the growth conditions, morphology, and composition, optical, and therm...

The isothermal and cyclic corrosion behavior of yttria (Y2O3)-stabilized zirconia (ZrO2) in a LiCl-Li2O molten salt were investigated at 650 °C in an argon atmosphere. During isothermal and cyclic corrosion tests in the molten salt of LiCl-Li2O for 168 h and 7 thermal cycles, the corrosion rate was very low, whereas under the molten salt of LiCl-Li...

In this study, we examined the effect of potassium perchlorate (KClO4) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) additives on the combustion behavior of a ZrO2 + 2Mg mixture to produce a fine powder of zirconium metal. The results of thermodynamic analysis and experiments imply that nearly 0.04 mol of KClO4 is needed to initiate a combustion reaction in th...

Combustion of inorganic powder mixtures is not only one of the chemical roots of fabrication of advanced inorganic materials but is also drawing attention as a high-temperature process to grow inorganic nanocrystals of various shapes and morphology. Here, we demonstrate the formation of AlN 3-D structures with diverse morphology: from wildflower-li...

The isothermal and cyclic corrosion behaviors of magnesia-stabilized zirconia in a LiCl-Li2O molten salt were investigated at 650 °C in an argon atmosphere. The weights of as-received and corroded specimens were measured and the microstructures, morphologies, and chemical compositions were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy disp...