Jerzy Nawracała

Poznań University of Life Sciences · Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding

identification and use of new sources of resistance is essential to improve the resistance of wheat plants to yellow rust. In this study, we performed a genome wide association study (GWAS) for the derived mapping population. The aim of this study was to find the silicoDArT and SNP markers coupled with the genes determining resistance to Puccinia s...

Genotype and weather conditions play crucial roles in determining the volume and stability of a soybean yield. The aim of this study was to identify the key meteorological factors affecting the harvest date (model M_HARV) and yield of the soybean variety Augusta (model M_YIELD) using a neural network sensitivity analysis. The dates of the start of...

Wheat leaf rust, caused by fungal pathogen Puccinia triticina Erikss, annually contributes to production losses as high as 40% in susceptible varieties and remains as one of the most damaging diseases of wheat worldwide. Currently, one of the major challenges of wheat geneticists and breeders is to accumulate major genes for durability of rust resi...

Solid-stemmed wheat genotypes are better protected from damage caused by wheat stem sawfly (Cephus pygmaeus L.) larvae and at lower risk of lodging, as they are additionally strengthened. The aim of the study was to analyse the stem-solidness of fifty spring wheat cultivars with pith. A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research St...

Leaf rust caused by the fungus Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici is one of the most dangerous diseases of common wheat. Infections caused by fungal pathogens reduce the quantity and quality of yields of many cereal species. The most effective method to limit plant infection is to use cultivars that show rust resistance. Genetically conditioned hori...

Camelina sativa L. Crantz (Brassicaceae family), known as camelina, has gained new attention as a re-emerging oil seed crop. With a unique seed oil profile, with the majority of the fatty acids consisting of linolenic (C18:3), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), and eicosenoic (C20:1), camelina oil is reported to be useful as a food oil and biofuel. H...

Currently, production of wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) that show durable field resistance against fungal pathogens is a priority of many breeding programs. This type of resistance involves race-nonspecific mechanisms and can be identified at adult-plant stages. Until now, seven genes (Lr34/Yr18, Lr46/Yr29, Lr67/Yr46, Lr68, Lr75, Lr77 and L...

Chilling stress is a major factor limiting the yield of soya bean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] on a global scale. However, the regulatory network that controls the chilling response of soya bean remains unclear. In the present study, phenotyping and quantitative analyses of miRNAs in soya bean under chilling stress were carried out to determine the imp...

Ionic liquids are novel compounds with unique chemical and physical properties. They can be received based on synthetic auxins like 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or dicamba, which are commonly used hormones in microspore embryogenesis. Nevertheless, ionic liquids have not been adapted in plant in vitro culture thus far. Therefore, we studied the i...

Recently, leaf rust and yellow rust caused by the fungi Puccinia triticina Erikss. and P. striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici Eriks and Henn are diseases of increasing threat in triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack, AABBRR, 2n = 6x = 42) growing areas. The use of genetic resistance is considered the most economical, effective and environmentally frie...

There is a growing interest in breeding and production of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack ex A. Camus) in European Union and in the world. It is reported that triticale can be an alternative to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for livestock feed production and has a potential to become preferred industrial energy crop. Fungal diseases, ma...

Biotic stress, which includes infection by pathogenic fungi, causes losses of wheat yield in terms of quantity and quality. Ear Fusarium is caused by strains of F.graminearum and F.culmorum, which can produce mycotoxins—deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV). One of the wheat’s defense mechanisms against stressors is the activation of biosynthesi...

Among all cereals, common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) occupies the largest area of crops worldwide. Wheat leaf rust, caused by the pathogen Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici considerably reduces the yield of wheat. Breeding for resistance combined with selection based on molecular markers may become an effective tool in the struggle against fungal...

Induction of androgenesis, followed by chromosome doubling, is a crucial method to obtain complete homozygosity in one-generation route. However, in vitro androgenesis can result in various genetic and epigenetic changes in derived triticale plants. In this study, we evaluated chromosome alternations and we associated them with the changes of spike...

In this lecture, I will take an opportunity to present the current state of knowledge and directions of future prebreeding studies of hexaploid triticale concerning chromosome manipulations I am going to specify the main goals for creating chromosome aberrations in this artificially generated crop, which are referred to as introgression of genes th...

Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina belongs to one of the most dangerous fungal diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and is the cause of large yield losses every year. Here we report a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, which was developed for detection of two important wheat slow rust resistance genes Lr34 and Lr46, using two...

In the case of biotic and abiotic stresses, natural defence mechanisms are triggered in plants. The mechanisms are based mainly on enzymatic or non-enzymatic intracellular reactions. Changes in the quantitative profile of 12 phenolic acids, total bound phenolic acids, total free phenolic acids and antioxidant activity in grain of 23 winter wheat ge...

Ten leading wheat cultivars originating from the Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute (IHAR)-National Research Institute (Poland) and the Department of Gene Bank (Czech Republic) were used to establish a field experiment in 2017 and 2018 at the Dłoń Experimental Farm. The analyzed wheat genotypes were characterized by diversified field resi...

The aim of the study was to identify the Pm2, Pm3a, Pm4b and Pm6 genes and to develop multiplex PCR reaction conditions to reduce time and limit analysis costs. The following molecular markers were used for gene identification: Xcfd81, Whs350 and Xgwm205 (for Pm2), Pm3a (for Pm3a), STS_241 and Xgwm382 (for Pm4b), NAU/BCDSTS 135-2 (for Pm6). Plant m...

Citation: Kwiatek MT, Kurasiak-Popowska D, Mikołajczyk S, Niemann J, Tomkowiak A, Weigt D, Nawracała J (2019) Cytological markers used for identification and transfer of Aegilops spp. chromatin carrying valuable genes into cultivated forms of Triticum. Comparative Cytogenetics 13(1): 41-59. https://doi. Abstract There are many reports describing ch...

In Brassica, interspecific hybridization is a potential and useful method for transferring valuable traits between species of commercial interest. In the previous experiments successful interspecific hybrids were obtained through hybridization between chosen rapeseed cultivars (Brassica napus L.) and Brassica rapa genotypes for transferring clubroo...

The information about diversity of spring and winter Camelina sativa germplasm in West Europe is limited despite the long tradition of growing this plant. Therefore the aim of the study was to assess the yield potential of Polish and Ukrainian genotypes of camelina in the Polish growing conditions. A field experiment was conducted in Poland from 20...

In this review, we present the current state of knowledge and directions of future prebreeding studies of hexaploid triticale concerning chromosome manipulations. We specify the main goals for creating chromosome aberrations in this artificially generated crop, which are referred to as introgression of genes that are responsible for quality traits,...

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of infection with Fusarium fungi and chemical protection on the contents of phenolic acids and antioxidative potential of extracts from grains of 23 wheat genotypes. Based on chemical analyses including abiotic factors such as weather conditions and the location of the plantation, the authors attempted...

Background . Leaf rust caused by Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici is one of the most dangerous fungal diseases as it causes significant loss to common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield. Breed- ing for resistance is the most effective method of controlling fungal diseases of cereals. Biotech- nological methods such as molec ular markers and...

The most efficient, cost effective, and safe method of controlling and limiting the presence of pathogen is cultivation of re sistant varieties of wheat. The development o f disease -resistant varieties is very important because pathogens often develop and form new races or strains. Those varieties accumulate few types of gene resistant to a pa...

Leaf rust pathogens are able to overcome plants' resistance by the appearance of new races. Therefore, an introduction of leaf rust resistance genes into highyielding wheat genotypes is essential. One of such genes is Lr19 (leaf rust resistance gene) that could be a source of resistance in polish breeding programs. The aim of this study was to obta...

Solid-stemmed spring wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) are resistant to the stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.) and lodging. Anthers of 24 spring wheat cultivars with varying content of pith in the stem were used in the experiment. All were classified into three groups: solid, medium–solid and hollow stems. There was considerable influence of t...

The aim of this study was to determine the profile of fungal metabolites and antioxidant substances from plants on a representative population of wheat cultivars grown in Poland. Tests were conducted on grain of 23 wheat cultivars in three experimental variants: natural infection (control), chemical crop protection, and artificial inoculation with...

p>The field experiment was carried out in 2010–2012 at the Dłoń Agricultural Research Station, the Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland. The study was designed to evaluate the degree of infection by powdery mildew, brown rust, and septoria leaf blotch in 61 spring wheat genotypes differing in their resistance to Fusarium ssp. The vast majori...

Lodging is the most important of the various factors affecting yielding in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. vulgare). In breeding one of the most effective methods to obtain cultivars resistant to lodging is to introduce semi-dwarf genes. One of the genes used in wheat breeding programs worldwide is the Rht8 gene, whose presence is correlate...

One of the most significant factors affecting resistance to fungal diseases in winter wheat genotypes is the content of phenolic compounds. A total of 100 winter wheat cultivars were investigated. The contents of five phenolic acids: ferulic, vanillic, syringic, vanillin, p-coumaricand free phenolic acids (FPA) were determined. Considerable variati...

One of the most significant factors affecting resistance to fungal diseases in winter wheat genotypes is the content of phenolic compounds. A total of 100 winter wheat cultivars were investigated. The contents of five phenolic acids: ferulic, vanillic, syringic, vanillin, p-coumaricand free phenolic acids (FPA) were determined. Considerable variati...

The aim of our study was to evaluate the mobility of Zn in soils subjected to the activity of a zinc smelter and to assess the contamination of 1-and 2-year-old needles of Scots pine species sensitive to and tolerant of heavy metal contamination, particularly zinc. The trees were selected on the basis of their morphology, i.e., tolerant ones exhibi...

Acid soils are still a constraint for agrochemists as well as crop plant breeders and growers. The emerging acidity activates aluminum, which becomes harmful for crop plants at relatively high levels. Under such conditions, plant growth and the consecutive formation of dry matter are strictly controlled by nitrogen and aluminum. The boosting proper...

Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici causing brown rust is dangerous pathogen infesting wheat in Poland. The best method to provide good protection for wheat is breeding for resistance. The introductions of resistant cultivars reduce their cost and decrease the amounts of applied pesticides. The resistance gene Lr19 is effective under Polish condi...

Reduction of plant height was one of the main ideas of cereal cultivation in recent decades [Griffiths et al. 2012]. The identification of these genes is possible by the use of specific DNA markers. Shortening the stem prevents logging of plants, and thus consequently increasing the yield. Genetic control of plant height is the best way to preve...

Liczba doniesień literaturowych traktujących o wpływie uprawy soi (Glycine max L. Merrill) w zmianowaniu lub monokulturze na jej skład chemiczny i jakość stanowiska glebowego jest ograniczona. W związku z tym podjęto prace mające na celu określenie i porównanie składu chemicznego soi uprawianej przez 12 lat w monokulturze i zmianowaniu oraz ocenę t...

Celem pracy była ocena stopnia wypełnienia rdzeniem odmiany z pełnym źdźbłem oraz linii o zróżnicowanym wypełnieniu źdźbła w porównaniu do polskich odmian pustosłomych. Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono w Rolniczym Gospodarstwie Doświadczalnym Dłoń Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu w latach 2011–2013. Ocena wypełnienia źdźbła rdzeniem został...

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici is one of the most important diseases of wheat. Introduction of resistance genes is the best way to protect plants against diseases. Due to the appearance of new races of the pathogen the stability of plant resistance can be obtained by introducing and accumulating new resistance genes. So far...

Streszczenie. W pracy oceniano samoniezgodność i zgodność krzyżową dwóch gatunków gor-czyc alloploidalnych: Brassica juncea (AABB, 2n = 36) i B. carinata (BBCC, 2n = 34) oraz dwóch gatunków gorczyc diploidalnych: B. nigra (BB, 2n = 16) i Sinapis alba (SS, 2n = 24). Zgodność kojarzeniową analizowano na podstawie obserwacji pod mikroskopem fluorescen...

Camelina oil from the seeds of winter camelina variety Luna was studied for acid, iodine and saponification nos., P content, d., kinematic and dynamic viscosities and chem. compn. and then used for prodn. of fatty acid Me esters by 2-step transesterification in presence of KOH at 50 degrees C for 1 h in a steel reactor (2 m(3)). The aq. glycerol-co...

Three abundantly blooming forms of Glycogen tabacina and one G. tomentella form were studied. The experiment was conducted under isolated conditions. The effect of Osmia rufa L. on the fertility of raceme flowers was studied. It was found that the G. tabacina and G. tomentella flowers were intensively penetrated by the insects. A very clear increas...

Cztery linie mutacyjne (białe płatki korony, wąskie płatki korony, dwie linie męsko sterylne) mające w nasionach wysoką zawartość glukozynolanów (około 50 μmol/g s.m), krzyżowano z odmianą Californium. Doświadczenie z formami rodzicielskimi i mieszańcami F1 założono w Rolniczym Gospodarstwie Doświadczalnym Dłoń. Przeprowadzono obserwacje cech morfo...

Diseases caused by fungi from the genus Fusarium constitute a serious problem in spring wheat cultivation. Ear infestation leads reduced yield and plant contamination with mycotoxins. Therefore it is essential to introduce resistance genes to high-yielding cultivars. The generation of double haploid (DH) lines makes it possible to shorten the time...

Przeprowadzono krzyżowanie dialleliczne (typ II wg Griffinga, 1956) pomiędzy 8 liniami wsobnymi (S6) rzepaku jarego. Linie te wyselekcjonowano z 30 linii hodowlanych (SHR Borowo) w oparciu o wyniki wielozmiennej analizy wariancji. Doświadczenie polowe z genotypami rodzicielskimi oraz z mieszańcami F1 przeprowadzono w latach 2002–2003. Wykonano anal...

Do krzyżowania diallelicznego (model II Griffinga) wybrano jedenaście zróżnicowanych pod względem cech agronomicznych i jakościowych odmian pszenicy ozimej. Dwa doświadczenia (bloki losowane, trzy powtórzenia): jedno z pokoleniem F1, drugie z pokoleniem F2 (55 mieszańców i odmiany rodzicielskie w każdym) przeprowadzono w RGD w Dłoni w 2004 r. Oceni...