Jelena Miocinovic

University of Belgrade · Faculty of Agriculture

The microbiological quality of dairy products from small-scale producers in Serbia was analysed. A total of 302 dairy products [raw (n = 111) and pasteurized milk cheeses (n = 79) and kajmak (n = 112)], were collected and tested for the presence of pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp., and enumerated for Coagulase-positive staphylo...

Salt reduction in food is one of the main concerns for public health agencies. Performing two‐way analysis of variance, the effects of salt reduction and replacement on the pasta filata Kačkavalj cheese properties were studied during 6 months. Computer vision system is a novel method for colour evaluation. There were no differences in colour parame...

The beginning of lactation in dairy cows is a challenging period when cows experience oxidative stress followed by an increased risk of mastitis. This study aimed to establish a correlation between mastitis pathogens and the activity of antioxidant enzymes – superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) – in milk collected from cows w...

Goat milk and its products are valuable sources of nutrients and are good substitutes for cow milk products due to their hypoallergenicity. However, goat milk forms weak gels and it is often difficult to achieve acceptable texture and stability of set-type yogurt. The possibility of using goat milk whey protein concentrate (0.35% w/v and 0.7% w/v,...

Kajmak, a traditional Serbian dairy product, is a top, crust layer of milk containing a high amount of aggregated milk fat and proteins, formed during long cooling of boiled milk. Due to variations in production technologies, environmental conditions, and the composition of raw milk which varies from region to region, the quality of kajmak produced...

Fermented foods containing psychobiotics are of growing interest among food scientists. Human-derived Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938, a gut symbiont and potential psychobiotic strain, has been shown to exhibit the following health benefits: anti-inflammation and GABA-production capacity, as well as modulation of pathogen and cancer cell grow...

This study aimed to investigate whether diet and different goat production systems affect the quality of milk, white-brined cheese and whey. It also aimed to determine the suitability of goat's milk for the production of white-brined cheese. The physicochemical composition and hygienic quality of raw goat's milk were studied, as well as the fatty a...

Small scale dairy producers, who are often also the sellers of dairy products, are the ones responsible for ensuring food safety conditions all throughout the food distribution chain. Food contamination may appear in any part of the food chain including sale, due to cross-contamination that can occur caused by wide varieties of food offered at open...

Two groups of market samples were collected: four samples of whey produced in small scale facilities, and four samples produced in large scale dairy factories. The additional two groups: acid (a) and sweet whey(s) were collected in laboratory from cheeses produced from differently heated goat milk (A—65°C/30 min, B—80°C/5 min and C—90°C/5 min). Gro...

Understanding consumers’ behavior and their handling of high-risk foods at home is essential for reducing the number of foodborne illnesses. This study shows the results of a cross-national analysis of consumers’ perception from nine countries, and the identification of customers’ clusters and its characteristics in order to understand customers’ b...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical, proteolysis, microbiological, colour and textural characteristics of Serbian Kačkavalj cheese in order to determine the variability degree between cheeses, compare their properties to other similar ‘Pasta Filata’ cheeses and to determine if they comply to the regulative requirements. A broa...

Kajmak is a very popular dairy product in Balkan countries, however, it is often a subject of adulteration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of kajmak adulteration on its yield and composition, and determine the possibility of detecting the adulteration using the iodine and acid values and sensory evaluation of kajmak quality. I...

A high-quality learning process in higher education properly and constructively aligns essential elements: study programs and course objectives, learning outcomes, content, student workload, teaching and learning activities, assessment methods and acquisition of student competencies, which is known in the literature as constructive alignment (CA)....

Food industry is highly affected by COVID-19 pandemic; therefore, the preventive measures and precautions to be taken to reduce the risk of transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and incidence of infection are necessary. This review integrate and analyze the available information and data on precautions of corona virus in food industry in pursuance o...

Rennet coagulation properties of buffalo milk Marina Hovjecki1, Mira Radovanović1, Stefan Stepić2, Predrag Perišić2, Jelena Miočinović1 1 Department of Animal Source Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade 2 Department of Breeding and Reproduction of Domestic and Raised Animals, Faculty of Agri...

An online survey was distributed to consumers in nine countries in order to investigate their perceptions related to causers of food safety risks, types of food associated with food-borne illnesses and the role of actors in the food supply chain. A total of 2723 respondents have participated in the survey. Results indicated that food hygiene has be...

The determination of basic composition and α-tocopherol content during ripening of Njeguski-type cheeses produced from cow, ewe and goat milk was studied. The α-tocopherol content was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique with fluorescent detection. The results showed that although with the same farm practice and pro...

Various factors affect rennet coagulation and consequently cheese yield, but the subject of research has been mainly the cow milk. For the purpose of goat cheese production optimization, this paper investigated the influence of enzyme concentration (0.01–0.054 g/L), pH (6.5–6.1) and temperature (27–35 °C) on rennet coagulation of goat milk. Coagula...

A long food supply chain is a complex food path from producer to consumer in which multiple participants are involved, and in which various failures for both food safety and food quality can be identified. The purpose of this study was to apply the Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA) technique to analyze various aspects of industrial production of...

The Total Bacterial Count (TBC) and the Somatic Cells Count (SCC) in the milk are important indicators of its hygiene and quality. Hygienic conditions in barns, milking procedures, udder hygiene before, during and after milking, milking machine hygiene, as well as milk cooling procedures immediately after milking, have direct or indirect influences...

Cheese has been listed as one of four priority food groups intended for salt reduction reformulation. The present study aimed to investigate the possibility of producing Serbian white brined cheese (Homoljski Sir) with half of NaCl, three quarters of NaCl and all NaCl replaced with KCl (Na50, Na25 and Na0, respectively). Basic composition, proteoly...

This research aimed for the first time to identify the essential welfare problems on 46 goat dairy farms in Vojvodina,based on the goat AWIN welfare protocol. The study showed that space allowance per goat was 1.55, 1.86 and 2.50 m²/goat (large, medium, small-sized farms, respectively). Most farms possessed the soil floor and straw as a flooring ma...

Natural cheeses and emulsifying salts are the main ingredients in the production of processed cheese. Together with processing parameters, they largely determine the composition and properties of the final product, but flavors, colors, and preservatives also play a significant role. Flavors (flavoring substances) add and improve the taste, which of...

Purpose In the past two decades the popularity of artisan cheese emerged. The present study aimed to investigate similarities and differences in beliefs towards artisan cheeses among participants from Serbia, Croatia and Spain and to determine consumer profiles. Better understanding of their behaviours and beliefs could serve as the basis for the d...

Nowadays, consumers are interested in cheese produced without chemical additives or high-temperature treatments, among which, protective lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cultures could play a major role. In this study, the aims were to isolate, identify and characterize antilisterial LAB from traditionally produced cheese, and utilize suitable LAB in che...

The effects of coagulation temperature, CaCl2 concentrations, pH and heat treatment on the rennet coagulation time (RCT), setting time (ST), aggregation rate (AR) and gel firmness (GF) of buffalo milk were studied using dynamic small amplitude oscillatory rheology. The influence of heat treatments on protein profile and casein micelle size was anal...

The effect of free‐living and spray dried probiotic bacteria, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 564 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v, on sensory characteristics of yogurt and cheese made from ultrafiltered (UF) milk, as well as their viability during storage, was investigated. Bacterial counts of free‐living and spray dried probiotic cells in yog...

Goat cheeses from high heat treated milk (HHTM: 80 °C/5 min (E1) and 90 °C/5 min (E2)), could be regarded as new products, compared to their analogues made from commonly pasteurized milk (65 °C/30 min (C)). Descriptive analysis and consumer tests with a hedonic scale and JAR scale were part of the product development process. The use of scanning el...

BACKGROUND Production of goat's milk set‐style yoghurt encounters challenges in achieving the texture characteristic for this type of product, primarily due to protein composition of this milk. This study evaluated the effects of using microbial transglutaminase (mTGase) concomitantly with starter culture in the production of goat's milk yoghurt –...

A computer vision system (CVS) and a colorimeter were compared for their abilities to measure the colour of twenty-seven different milks and milk products. The frequency of similarity test showed that CVS-generated colour chips were similar to the actual sample colour in all trials (100%). The CVS-obtained colours were found to be more similar to t...

Purpose Strengthening awareness and education to address food safety problem is of importance. The purpose of this study is to investigate food safety knowledge and opinion among Serbian students and the efficiency of education on their self-reported behaviour as consumers. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire on the attitudes and self-repo...

Kučki cheese is an inseparable part of the heritage of the Kuči region, because of the depopulation of this area, there is a danger of losing its original technology. The aim of the present study is Kučki cheese, tradition-al Montenegrin brined cheese. The quality of the three types of raw milk used for Kučki cheese production (cow’s, sheep’s and m...

Exactly six-hundred (600) scientific articles that report milk and milk products’ color results in scientific journals in the last couple of decades were reviewed. Thereof, the greatest part of the articles derived from Europe (36.3%) and Asia (29.5%). The greatest share of researchers used Minolta colorimeters (58.8%), while 26.3% of them used Hun...

This work examined the relationships between quality characteristics of raw milk and climatic conditions. Over a period of three years, a total of 5,065 samples were collected encompassing two types of farms. The quality characteristics analysed were titratable acidity (TA), total plate count (TPC) and somatic cells count (SCC). Climatic conditions...

This study presents the results of a survey conducted in the Province of Vojvodina, Serbia to investigate consumers' attitudes towards goat milk and goat milk products. Furthermore, the factors affecting consumer perception and subjective norms with respect to purchase were examined. The quantitative random survey was conducted and the data were co...

To meet the demand for new functional foods in line with the trend of sustainable development, a novel probiotic yogurt fortified with 1%, 3%, and 5% apple pomace flour (APF) added immediately after inoculation with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Bifidobacterium bifidum was developed. Upon fermentation in the presence of...

Acid gels and yoghurts were made from goat milk that was heated at 72C/30 s, 85C/5 min and 95C/5 min, followed by acidification with starter culture at 43C until pH 4.6. The rheological and textural properties of acid gels and yoghurts were analyzed using dynamic low amplitude oscillatory rheology and back extrusion texture analysis, respectively....

Rennet coagulation of goat milk heated to 65 °C/30 min (Gc), 80 °C/5 min (G8) and 90 °C/5 min (G9) was studied. A rheometer equipped with a vane geometry tool was used to measure milk coagulation parameters and viscoelastic properties of rennet gels. Yield parameters: curd yield, laboratory curd yield and curd yield efficiency were measured and cal...

The present work aimed to study the goat farms concerning different hygiene-sanitary and health management practice. Also, bulk tank milk of Alpine breed goats was used to investigate changes in the composition of milk during lactation on six farms in Vojvodina Region. The results showed that although 96.67% of farmers were familiar with mastitis,...

This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional quality of two types of cheese prepared from bovine whey: Urda and Ricotta. Cheeses were examined for chemical parameters and their amino acids profile was determined. The results revealed that the chemical composition of the observed whey cheeses was highly significantly different (p<0.01) from...

The study was to conduct to evaluate the chemical composition and nutritive values of feedstuffs (forages and concentrate mixtures) used for dairy goats nutrition in Vojvodina. Samples were collected from six farms, including one organic farm. The results showed that the relative feed values of analyzed forages were in the range of good, medium to...

In this study, four Quark-type cheeses were produced: cows’ milk cheeses made from milk subjected to 80 °C/5 min and 90 °C/5 min treatment (Cc8 and Cc9, respectively), and its analogue goats’ milk cheeses (Gc8 and Gc9). Their yield and quality was evaluated one day after the production. The yields of goats’ cheeses were significantly lower compared...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nisin and storage temperature on the microbiological, physico-chemical and sensory properties of processed cheese. Processed cheese samples were prepared without and with 12.5 ppm nisin, stored at different temperatures (4, 8 and 20 °C). Research covered microbiological, physico-chemical and senso...

Sustainability has become a concern in transportation of food. This paper provides an analysis of transportation sustainability performance using fuzzy logic. Recognizing the lack of evidence for claiming that “local food” is more sustainable, the challenge before transportation was how to evaluate two opposed dairy distribution systems - local and...

Goat white brined cheese was ripened at 13–15 °C for 10 days in 6% and 3% (w/v) NaCl brine, and stored refrigerated under modified atmosphere (MAP; 60% CO2 and 40% N2) or vacuum for 40 days. Cheeses stored in brine were taken as control samples. Salt reduction lowered consumer acceptability of cheeses, with 3% NaCl MAP cheese having the lowest scor...

This chapter discusses various kinds of Pasta-Filata cheeses, such as Caciocavallo Podolico PDO, Kachkaval, and Kashar. Kashkaval-type Kashar cheese is common in the Trakia region. Kashar cheese is a hard cheese with no holes but a rind, and it is yellowish in colour. Kasseri has a closed texture with no holes and a mild, mellow, faintly sweet flav...

This chapter discusses various white-brined cheeses, including Batzos PDO, Turkish Beyaz Peynir, Feta, Halitzia, Halloumi, Mihalic, Sjenica, and Urfa. Turkish Beyaz Peynir is a rindless, white-coloured, close-textured variety with a salty acid taste; it may have a slight piquant flavour, especially when made from sheep's milk. A number of volatile...

This chapter reviews various semi-hard cheeses, such as Appenzeller, Arzua-Ulloa Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), Castelmagno PDO, Comte PDO and Flaouna Cheeses, and explores its type, description and sensory characteristics, method of manufacture, and relevant research. Appenzeller is a semi-hard cheese which is very popular for its unmistak...

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of climatic conditions and their impact on seasonal variations of physico-chemical characteristics of Saanen goat milk produced over a period of 4 years. Lactation period (early, mid and late) and year were considered as factors that influence physico-chemical composition of milk. Pearson’s coe...

Background: The need to increase the daily intake of dietary fibers opens a new chapter in the research of functional foods enriched with fibers. Potential application of innovative product - insoluble dietary fibers from triticale in yoghurts, deployed by characterizing their food application and evaluating physicochemical, rheological and sensor...

A high viability of probiotics in food product, with a living cells threshold of 10(7) /cfu/g (colony-forming units/g) is a challenge to achieve in food production. Spray drying is an efficient and economic industrial method for probiotic bacterial preservation and its application in food products. In this study, the survival of free and spray-drie...

Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of short term frozen storage of milk and curd on textural properties and physico-chemical composition of white brined goat cheese. Raw milk and curds (at various stages of pressing) were frozen and kept for seven days at -27 °C. Following the freezing, all the experimental cheeses were manufactu...

Dairy cream and its analogues with sunflower oil, coconut oil and palm oil in different milk fat/vegetable fat ratios were prepared and analysed using Raman spectroscopy. The linear discriminant analysis was conducted in order to classify the samples. Samples were well separated and displayed distinguishing linear arrangement along the principal co...

Fortification of fermented dairy products with insoluble dietary fiber is an interesting way to increase consumers' fiber intake. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensory characteristics and consumer acceptance of low-fat unsweetened yoghurt, fortified at levels of 15 and 30 g/kg, with insoluble triticale, wheat or oat fibers. The ad...

White brined goat cheeses were produced from milk heated to 80 °C/5 min and 90 °C/5 min using an identical cheese making procedure, and they were compared with the control cheese made from milk subjected to common pasteurisation (65 °C/30 min). High heat treatment of goat cheese milk resulted in significant increase of cheese yield. It also signifi...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate if there is a difference in hygiene parameters of raw milk produced in organic and conventional farm of similar size. In parallel, the aim was to determine if there are differences in pasteurized organic and conventional milk samples delivered on the market. Design/methodology/approach: Raw milk sam...

During the last 3 years high aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) concentrations in milk and dairy products occurred in Serbia. It resulted in periodical change of the official regulations regarding maximum levels (MLs) of AFM1 as set by the Serbian Government. The aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of AFM1 in raw milk and dairy products during 2015 an...

Butter adulteration with margarine continues to be a threat for consumers; therefore, new rapid analytical tools are needed for quality control/quality assurance purposes. In this study, we used Raman spectroscopy coupled with partial least squares regression to quantify butter adulteration with margarine. The main difference between Raman spectra...

This paper reports incentives, costs, difficulties and benefits of food safety management systems implementation in the Serbian dairy industry. The survey involved 27 food business operators with the national milk and dairy market share of 65%. Almost two thirds of the assessed dairy producers (70.4%) claimed that they had a fully operational and c...

Autochthonous strains of lactic acid bacteria, isolated from traditional cheeses, may be used as starter cultures in order to standardize the quality of traditional cheeses and/or as potentially beneficial bacteria, allowing the creation of new functional products. In addition to their good technological and biochemical properties, probiotic strain...

Yoghurts were made from pasteurised and homogenised goat milk (2.5% protein), goat milk fortified with a milk protein isolate (5% protein) and cow milk (3% protein), by acidification with a starter culture at 43 °C until a pH of 4.6 was reached. The rheological and textural properties of gels and yoghurts were analysed using dynamic low amplitude o...

The growth in food service and prepared consumer foods has led to increasing demand for cheese with customized textural and cooking characteristics. The current study evaluated Kačkavalj, Kačkavalj Krstaš, and Trappist cheeses procured from manufacturing plants in Serbia for texture profile characteristics, flow and extensibility of the heated chee...

The objective of this paper was to investigate possibility of using multivariate statistical process control in analysing cheese quality parameters. Two cheese types (white brined cheeses and soft cheese from ultra-filtered milk) were selected and analysed for several quality parameters such as dry matter, milk fat, protein contents, pH, NaCl, fat...

The incidence of contamination of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk and milk products samples collected in Serbia was investigated by using the competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. A total of 1438 samples composed of 678 raw milk, 438 heat treated milk and 322 milk product samples that were analyzed during the period of 2013-2...

The objective of this paper was to assess the environmental performance of the production of six types of dairy products/pasteurized and ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk, yoghurt, cream, butter and cheese/from seven dairy plants of different capacities processing 36% of raw milk in Serbia. A total of 29 life cycle assessment calculations have been...

Probiotics are live microorganisms that in certain numbers may confer a health benefit on the host. Nowadays, there are many dairy products on the market, especially fermented milks, with probiotics, and their popularity is rising. The aim of this article was to investigate the viability of commercial probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus L...

The objective of this work was to investigate the survival of autochthonous, potentially probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum 564, and the influence of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid omega-3 (omega-3 PUFA) fish oil fortification on the sensory quality of yoghurt. Three variants of yoghurt were produced using starter cultures of Lactoba...

The aim of this paper was to assess and compare the compliance of the chosen quality characteristics of commercially available dairy products with the requirements of the current Serbian legislation. A total of 706 samples of liquid milks (pasteurized and UHT-treated), fermented milks (liquid and solid yoghurt) and milk powders (skimmed and whole m...

Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), due to its specific nature and composition, is known as material possessing advantageous nutritional as well as technological properties. In this study MFGM materials were produced from several dairy sources such as buttermilk (BM), butter serum (BS) and buttermilk whey (BMW) by microfiltration (MF). The obtained m...

The effects of implementing food safety measures including pre-requisite programs (PRPs) and/or Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) on the microbiological quality of raw and pasteurized milk during four years was investigated in one of the biggest diary plant in Serbia. On the dairy farm, the measures included training of farmers, inves...

The influence of commercial bacteria Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis and Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris (cheese A) and combinations of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains Lactoba-cillus paracasei ssp. paracasei 08, Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris 656, Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis 653 (cheese B and C) on composition, proteolysis, mi...

A normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light-scattering detector method employing dichloromethane, methanol, and acetic acid/triethylamine buffer as the mobile phase was developed for analysis of polar lipids (PLs). This method was applicable for analysis of PLs from both dairy materials and soy lecithin. All of the PLs o...

The effects of autochthonous strains of lactic acid bacteria on the characteristics of white brined cheeses were studied throughout 90 days of ripening. Cheese A was produced with strains: Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis 653, Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris 656, Lactococcus lactis ssp. Lactis biovar. diacetylactis 07 and Lactobacillus paracasei ssp...

The effects of autochthonous strains of lactic acid bacteria on the characteristics of white brined cheeses were studied throughout 90 days of ripening. Cheese A was produced with strains: Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis 653, Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris 656, Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis 07 and Lactobacillus paracasei ssp...

The production procedure of low fat cheeses produced from ultrafiltered milk (UF cheese) was developed in this study. The production procedure, that includes utilization of UF milk with 2 % of lactose, addition of 1.5 % inulin and salting with 2 % of mixed salt (NaCl/KCl in ratio 3:1) was defined based on the investigation that included the influen...

Kajmak is a dairy product with unique composition and sensory characteristics. It is formed from the thin, skin-like layer or crust formed on the surface of hot milk over a long cooling process, through milk fat aggregation with the significant participation of milk proteins. It can be consumed as a fresh kajmak immediately after production, or as...

This research paper presents the results obtained based on a study on the impact of crossing the Svrljig pramenika and East Friesian sheep breed on the milk protein content and yield in the F1 generation of crossbreeds in the course of lactation. In all the three sheep breeds, while the difference between the first and last lactation months was of...

The effects of autochthonous strains of lactic acid bacteria on the characteristics of white brined cheeses were studied throughout 90 days of ripening. Cheese A was produced with strains: Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis 653, Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris 656, Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis 07 and Lactobacillus paracasei ssp...