Jean M WinterFlinders University · College of Medicine and Public Health
Jean M Winter
Doctor of Philosophy
About
63
Publications
4,226
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836
Citations
Introduction
Additional affiliations
December 2012 - December 2014
Position
- Research Assistant
March 2010 - December 2012
January 2010 - December 2014
Education
March 2010 - April 2015
March 2009 - November 2009
March 2001 - November 2005
Publications
Publications (63)
Key Clinical Message
Serum carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9) is used for recurrence surveillance in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This report describes the association of increasing CA19‐9 in a male PDAC survivor with presence of prostatic hyperplasia. Unexplained elevation of CA19‐9 in male PDAC survivors might b...
Background
The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is widely used in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, but limited data exist for its application in individuals at above-average risk for CRC who complete surveillance colonoscopies.
Aim
To assess the accuracy, acceptability, and effectiveness of FIT in the interval between surveillance colonoscopies,...
Introduction:
Methylated circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) blood tests for BCAT1/IKZF1 (COLVERA) and SEPT9 (Epi proColon) are used to detect colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there are no ctDNA assays approved for other gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas. We aimed to characterize BCAT1, IKZF1 and SEPT9 methylation in different gastrointestinal adenocar...
Background and Aim
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs are most effective at reducing disease incidence and mortality through sustained screening participation. A novel blood test modality is being explored for CRC screening, but it is unclear whether it will provide sustained screening participation. This study aimed to investigate whether...
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high rate of recurrence, in particular for advanced disease, but prognosis based on staging and pathology at surgery can have limited efficacy. The presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) at diagnosis could be used to improve the prediction for disease recurrence.
Objectives
To assess the impact of detect...
Background. Iron deficiency (ID) is a common micronutrient deficiency and the leading cause of anemia worldwide. ID can be caused by chronic occult blood loss from colorectal neoplasia including colorectal cancer (CRC) and advanced precancerous colorectal lesions. Current guidelines recommend colonoscopy in both men and postmenopausal women present...
Background:
Early detection of pre-cancerous adenomas through screening can reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. Fecal immunochemical tests are commonly used, but have limited sensitivity for pre-cancerous lesions. Blood-based screening may improve test sensitivity. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the accura...
Targeted therapy for triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) remains a clinical challenge due to tumour heterogeneity. Since TNBC have key features of transcriptionally addicted cancers, targeting transcription via regulators such as cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) has potential as a therapeutic strategy. Herein, we preclinically tested a new select...
Purpose
There is increasing demand for colorectal cancer (CRC) surveillance, but healthcare capacity is limited. The burden on colonoscopy resources could be reduced by personalizing surveillance frequency using the fecal immunochemical test (FIT). This study will determine the safety, cost-effectiveness, and patient acceptance of using FIT to exte...
Background:
Fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) are widely used for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening; however, high ambient temperatures were found to reduce test accuracy. More recently, proprietary globin stabilizers were added to FIT sample buffers to prevent temperature-associated hemoglobin (Hb) degradation, but their effectiveness remains unc...
Background:
The incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young adults is rising in parallel with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The majority of CRC develop through two main subtypes of precursor lesions; adenomas and serrated lesions. The associations between age and T2D on development of precursor lesions remain uncertain.
Objectives:
We studied th...
Background & aims:
In above-average risk individuals undergoing colonoscopy-based surveillance for colorectal cancer (CRC), screening with fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) between colonoscopies might facilitate personalization of surveillance intervals. Since a negative FIT is associated with a reduced risk for CRC, we examined the relationship be...
Inhibiting the androgen receptor (AR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, with androgen deprivation therapy is a standard-of-care treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. Paradoxically, activation of AR can also inhibit the growth of prostate cancer in some patients and experimental systems, but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are...
Introduction
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Most CRCs develop through either the adenoma-to-carcinoma or the serrated pathways, and, therefore, detection and removal of these precursor lesions can prevent the development of cancer. Current screening programm...
Background and aims:
Surveillance colonoscopies may be delayed due to pressure on resources, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. To determine whether delayed surveillance colonoscopy increase the risk for advanced neoplasia, and whether interval screening with faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) and other known risk factors can mitigate this risk.
Metho...
Background:
Detection of circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) methylated in BCAT1 and IKZF1 is a sensitive for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC), but it is not known if these biomarkers are present in other common adenocarcinomas.
Objective:
Compare methylation levels of BCAT1 and IKZF1 in tissue and plasma from breast, prostate, and colorectal...
348
Background: Esophagogastric cancers (EG cancers) are associated with high mortality and poor treatment outcomes due to advanced disease at diagnosis. Reliable non-invasive biomarkers are lacking for detection and prognostication. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical utility of methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1 circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA...
597
Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients have poor survival outcomes and there are no non-invasive tests to aid diagnosis or therapy. Detection of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) methylated for BCAT1 and/or IKZF1 is over 60% sensitive for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Both pancreatic and colorectal adenocarcinomas are of endodermal origin, th...
New treatments are required for advanced prostate cancer; however, there are fewer preclinical models of prostate cancer than other common tumor types to test candidate therapeutics. One opportunity to increase the scope of preclinical studies is to grow tissue from patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) as organoid cultures. Here we report a scalable p...
e15533
Background: Assays for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have shown utility for cancer detection and management. It is important to demonstrate cancer specificity of targeted ctDNA biomarkers. Detection of methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1 ctDNA has shown high sensitivity for colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to investigate whether hyp...
Potent therapeutic inhibition of the androgen receptor (AR) in prostate adenocarcinoma can lead to the emergence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), a phenomenon associated with enhanced cell plasticity. Here, we show that microRNA-194 (miR-194) is a regulator of epithelial-neuroendocrine transdifferentiation. In clinical prostate cancer samp...
This study evaluates the efficacy of two newly developed selective CDK9 inhibitors (CDK9i) across a panel of TNBC cell lines. MDA-MB-453, MFM-223, MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells were treated with increasing concentrations of two novel and highly selective CDK9 inhibitors and the effect on proliferation, apoptosis and expression of CDK9 target...
This study evaluates the efficacy of two newly developed selective CDK9 inhibitors (CDK9i) across a panel of TNBC cell lines. MDA-MB-453, MFM-223, MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells were treated with increasing concentrations of two novel and highly selective CDK9 inhibitors and the effect on proliferation, apoptosis and expression of CDK9 target...
In 2018, approximately 165,000 new prostate cancer (PC) cases will be diagnosed, and over 29,000 men will succumb to PC in the U.S. alone. The means of assessing outcome in the clinic are inaccurate, and there is a pressing need to more precisely identify men at risk of aggressive PC. We previously identified HIST1H1A as a susceptibility gene for a...
Background:
It is well known that development of prostate cancer (PC) can be attributed to somatic mutations of the genome, acquired within proto-oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes. What is less well understood is how germline variation contributes to disease aggressiveness in PC patients. To map germline modifiers of aggressive neuroendocrine PC...
It is unclear how standing genetic variation affects the prognosis of prostate cancer patients. To provide one controlled answer to this problem, we crossed a dominant, penetrant mouse model of prostate cancer to Diversity Outbred mice, a collection of animals that carries over 40 million SNPs. Integration of disease phenotype and SNP variation dat...
This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer
properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms
of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota. Rats were fed a...
Epidemiological studies have identified increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk with high red meat (HRM) intakes, whereas dietary fibre intake appears to be protective. In the present study, we examined whether a HRM diet increased rectal O6-methyl-2-deoxyguanosine (O6MeG) adduct levels in healthy human subjects, and whether butyrylated high-amylose...
Red meat may increase promutagenic lesions in the colon. Resistant starch (RS) can reduce these lesions and chemically induced colon tumours in rodents. Msh2 is a mismatch repair (MMR) protein, recognising unrepaired promutagenic adducts for removal. We determined if red meat and/or RS modulated DNA adducts or oncogenesis in Msh2-deficient mice. A...
High red meat (HRM) intake is associated with increased colorectal cancer risk, while resistant starch is probably protective. Resistant starch fermentation produces butyrate, which can alter microRNA (miRNA) levels in colorectal cancer cells in vitro; effects of red meat and resistant starch on miRNA expression in vivo were unknown. This study exa...
Red meat is considered a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Heme is considered to promote colonic hyperproliferation and cell damage. Resistant starch (RS) is a food that ferments in the colon with studies demonstrating protective effects against CRC. By utilizing the western diet model of spontaneous CRC, we determined if feeding heme (as he...
Although a genetic component has been identified as a risk factor for developing inflammatory bowel disease, there is evidence that dietary factors also play a role in the development of this disease.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of feeding a red meat diet with and without resistant starch (RS) to mice with dextran sulfate sod...
Population studies have shown that high red meat intake may increase colorectal cancer risk. Our aim was to examine the effect of different amounts and sources of dietary protein on induction of the promutagenic adduct O(6)-methyl-2-deoxyguanosine (O(6)MeG) in colonocytes, to relate these to markers of large bowel protein fermentation and ascertain...
DNA methylation varies throughout the normal colorectal mucosa and DNA methylation in normal appearing mucosa is associated with serrated and adenomatous neoplasia elsewhere within the colorectum.
The purpose of this study was to measure luminal chemistry, rectal proliferation and mucosal DNA methylation and thus determine whether regional and path...
Dietary supplementation of selenium and green tea holds promise in cancer prevention. In this study, we evaluated the efficacies of selenium and green tea administered individually and in combination against colorectal cancer in an azoxymethane (AOM)-induced rat colonic carcinogenesis model and determined the underlying mechanisms of the protection...
This study compared the effects of three anti-mutagenic lichen extracts on colorectal oncogenesis in azoxymethane (AOM)-treated mice and determined whether the extracts also regulated the homeostatic response to genotoxic damage. C57BL/6J mice (n = 12 per group) were treated with the lichen extracts Antimutagen-He (AMH): AMH-C, AMH-D, or AMH-E dime...
There are two major molecular pathways to sporadic colorectal cancer, the chromosomal instability (CIN) and the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) pathways. This study recruited 166 patients undergoing colonoscopy. Biopsy samples were collected from the cecum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon and rectum. DNA methylation was quantified at 'type A...
Questions
Question (1)
I am injecting prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and LNCaP (1 million and 2 million respectively) into the flanks of nude/J mice. In some of the mice (from both control and treatment group) the tumors do not grow and the read is "zero". Is there justification to use these as missing values in statistical analysis? Or do I have to keep them in as "zero" values, which skews the data a lot and I am not reaching significance, when it is clear that in the tumors that did grow there is a large difference. Any help is appreciated!
