Recent advance in appliances and materials enhancing therapy of disorders of the stomatognathic system

Abstract

Purpose: Dysfunctions of the stomatognathic system are treated with a lot of appliances. The aim of the work was to evaluate the current state in the field of diagnostic techniques and technological advance in appliances and materials enhancing therapy of occlusion disorders of the stomatognathic system. Design/methodology/approach: The principles of appliances functioning, manufacturing technology and materials were analysed. The analysis was made on the basis of the literature review and patent databases, conducting searches for a combination of keywords: dental material, occlusion, disorder, bruxism, clenching, grinding, appliance, therapy, tongue, oral, exerciser, trainer, mandible muscle, bite splint, dental plate. In the case of principles of functioning, devices that require insertion into the mouth are included in the tests. In technology and materials, attention has been paid to necessity of involving a dental technician or ability to perform appliance intra-orally ("chairside"), as well as mass production with possibility of custom fit. Findings: The most widespread in the treatment of disorders of the stomatognathic system are thermoformed materials and devices that are introduced between the dental arches to counteract occlusions of all teeth or selected teeth or force the position of the mandible in relation to the maxilla. Devices that function differently are those in which therapeutic effects result from toning of activity of the elevating mandibular muscles by provoking activity of the opposing muscles lowering the mandible or reducing intra-oral space, for example, by sublingual plates or tongue trainers. Appliances are mainly manufactured of: poly (ethylenevinyl acetate) or polycarbonates, as also mouldable polymers such as: acrylics, polyesters and rubbers. Research limitations/implications: Electronic devices that are not intended to therapy but used only to track mandible mobility or muscle activity during sleep were not taken into account. Practical implications: Solutions activating the action of the opposing muscles to the muscles lifting the mandible are few, and among them one device is retained on teeth without interfering in occlusion. Originality/value: Dental materials for devices for treatment of occlusion disorders are selected with no understanding the influence of elastic and frictional material properties and structure stiffness on the distribution of occlusion forces between the teeth and reactions in temporo-mandibular joints.

Full text

74
Volume 90
Issue 2
April 2018
Pages 74-84
International Scientific Journal
published monthly by the
World Academy of Materials
and Manufacturing Engineering
© Copyright by International OCSCO World Press. All rights reserved. 2018
LITERATURE REVIEW
Recent advance in appliances and
materials enhancing therapy of disorders
of the stomatognathic system
M. Sołtysiak-Niedziela a, K. Kwieciński b, J. Żmudzki c,*
a Stomatologic Centre "Uśmiechnij mi się", ul. Sadowa 67, 32-600 Oświęcim, Poland
b APIpharma Sp. z o.o. i Wspólnicy Sp. K., ul. Kosciuszki 44/7, 40-040 Katowice, Poland
c Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology,
ul. Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
* Corresponding e-mail address: jaroslaw.zmudzki@polsl.pl
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Dysfunctions of the stomatognathic system are treated with a lot of appliances.
The aim of the work was to evaluate the current state in the field of diagnostic techniques
and technological advance in appliances and materials enhancing therapy of occlusion
disorders of the stomatognathic system.
Design/methodology/approach: The principles of appliances functioning, manufacturing
technology and materials were analysed. The analysis was made on the basis of the
literature review and patent databases, conducting searches for a combination of keywords:
dental material, occlusion, disorder, bruxism, clenching, grinding, appliance, therapy,
tongue, oral, exerciser, trainer, mandible muscle, bite splint, dental plate. In the case of
principles of functioning, devices that require insertion into the mouth are included in the
tests. In technology and materials, attention has been paid to necessity of involving a
dental technician or ability to perform appliance intra-orally ("chairside"), as well as mass
production with possibility of custom fit.
Findings: The most widespread in the treatment of disorders of the stomatognathic system
are thermoformed materials and devices that are introduced between the dental arches to
counteract occlusions of all teeth or selected teeth or force the position of the mandible in
relation to the maxilla. Devices that function differently are those in which therapeutic effects
result from toning of activity of the elevating mandibular muscles by provoking activity of
the opposing muscles lowering the mandible or reducing intra-oral space, for example, by
sublingual plates or tongue trainers. Appliances are mainly manufactured of: poly (ethylene-
vinyl acetate) or polycarbonates, as also mouldable polymers such as: acrylics, polyesters
and rubbers.
Research limitations/implications: Electronic devices that are not intended to therapy
but used only to track mandible mobility or muscle activity during sleep were not taken into
account.
Practical implications: Solutions activating the action of the opposing muscles to the
muscles lifting the mandible are few, and among them one device is retained on teeth
without interfering in occlusion.

75
Recent advance in appliances and materials enhancing therapy of disorders of the stomatognathic system
Volume 90 Issue 2 April 2018
Originality/value: Dental materials for devices for treatment of occlusion disorders are
selected with no understanding the influence of elastic and frictional material properties and
structure stiffness on the distribution of occlusion forces between the teeth and reactions in
temporo-mandibular joints.
Keywords: Dental material, Thermoforming, Moulding, Bite splint, Disorder, Stomatognathic
system
Reference to this paper should be given in the following way:
M. Sołtysiak-Niedziela, K. Kwieciński, J. Żmudzki, Recent advance in appliances and
materials enhancing therapy of disorders of the stomatognathic system, Archives of
Materials Science and Engineering 90/2 (2018) 74-84.
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1. Introduction

76
M. Sołtysiak-Niedziela, K. Kwieciński, J. Żmudzki
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
LITERATURE REVIEW
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3. Description of achieved results
2. Methods
3.1. Diagnosis and evaluation of treatment
effects

77
Recent advance in appliances and materials enhancing therapy of disorders of the stomatognathic system
Volume 90 Issue 2 April 2018
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3.2. Devices and materials for the treatment
of occlusion disorders

78
M. Sołtysiak-Niedziela, K. Kwieciński, J. Żmudzki
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
LITERATURE REVIEW
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79
Recent advance in appliances and materials enhancing therapy of disorders of the stomatognathic system
Volume 90 Issue 2 April 2018
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80
M. Sołtysiak-Niedziela, K. Kwieciński, J. Żmudzki
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
LITERATURE REVIEW
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References
4. Conclusions

81
Recent advance in appliances and materials enhancing therapy of disorders of the stomatognathic system
Volume 90 Issue 2 April 2018
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82
M. Sołtysiak-Niedziela, K. Kwieciński, J. Żmudzki
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
LITERATURE REVIEW
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83
Recent advance in appliances and materials enhancing therapy of disorders of the stomatognathic system
Volume 90 Issue 2 April 2018
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84 READING DIRECT: www.archivesmse.org
LITERATURE REVIEW
M. Sołtysiak-Niedziela, K. Kwieciński, J. Żmudzki
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