James R Olson

University at Buffalo, The State University of New York | SUNY Buffalo · Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology

Background Clinical and epidemiological studies employ long-term temperature storage but the effect of temperature on the stability of oxidative stress (OS) markers is unknown. We investigated the effects of storage at −20 °C and −80 °C over 4–9 months on F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoP) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in urine of children...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pose health risks to children, potentially resulting in stunted growth, obesity, and cognitive deficits, but lack of reliable and noninvasive means to measure PAHs results in poor understanding of exposure patterns and sources in this vulnerable population. In this study, 24 children aged ∼7 years (9 boys and...

Children’s developing brains are susceptible to pesticides. Less is known about the effect of exposure to chlorpyrifos and pyrethroids on executive functions (EF). We measured urinary 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), a metabolite of chlorpyrifos, and urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), a general, nonspecific metabolite of pyrethroids in first...

Background: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in attention and hyperactivity/impulsivity that cause impairments to daily living. An area of long-standing concern is understanding links between environmental toxicants, including pesticides, and the development or worsening of...

The Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF-Ag-α) is found on ~85% of human carcinomas but is cryptic on normal tissue. The humanized highly specific hJAA-F11-H2aL2a and -H3L3 antibodies target TF-Ag-α without binding to TF-Ag-beta (found on surface glycolipids of some normal cells). The relative affinity of H3L3 is 17 times that of H2aL2a, which would se...

Pesticides are important tools for our food system and for public health. Designed to control pests, they can also adversely impact human health and the environment. Pesticide use has evolved over time due to environmental contamination, pest resistance, or concerns about human or animal health effects. The goal is to find the safest pesticide for...

Background: Adolescents are engaged in agricultural work, including pesticide application, around the world. Adolescent pesticide applicators are more likely to be exposed to pesticides than their adult counterparts because of their application practice and hygiene habits surrounding pesticide use. There is a need for low-cost interventions to redu...

Background: There is a paucity of research that tracks changes in liver and kidney function among pesticide applicators. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of repeated seasonal exposure to the organophosphorus pesticide, chlorpyrifos, on serum measures of liver and kidney function. Methods: Pesticide exposure was assessed b...

Background: Chronic low-level exposure to organophosphorus pesticides is associated with adverse health effects, including a decline in neurological functioning and long-term impairment. These negative effects may be more detrimental in children and adolescents due to their critical stage in development. Little work has investigated the effects of...

Mitochondria are intracellular organelles responsible for biological oxidation and energy production. These organelles are susceptible to damage from oxidative stress and compensate for damage by increasing the number of copies of their own genome, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Cancer and environmental exposure to some pollutants have also been associ...

Telomere length (TL) can be affected by various factors, including age and oxidative stress. Changes in TL have been associated with chronic disease, including a higher risk for several types of cancer. Environmental exposure of humans to PCBs and dioxins has been associated with longer or shorter leukocyte TL. Relative telomere length (RTL) may se...

The Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS-I) was initially conducted from 2005 to 2007 to assess polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposures in Anniston, Alabama residents. In 2014, a follow-up study (ACHS-II) was conducted to measure the same PCBs as in ACHS-I and additional compounds e.g., polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated...

Background: Adolescents are engaged in agricultural work, including pesticide application, around the world. Adolescent pesticide applicators are more likely to be exposed to pesticides than their adult counterparts because of their application practice and hygiene habits surrounding pesticide use. There is a need for low-cost interventions to red...

Background: Adolescents are engaged in agricultural work, including pesticide application, around the world. Adolescent pesticide applicators are more likely to be exposed to pesticides than their adult counterparts because of their application practice and hygiene habits surrounding pesticide use. There is a need for low-cost interventions to redu...

Background: Adolescents are engaged in agricultural work, including pesticide application, around the world. Adolescent pesticide applicators are more likely to be exposed to pesticides than their adult counterparts because of their application practice and hygiene habits surrounding pesticide use. There is a need for low-cost interventions to redu...

Background: Adolescents are engaged in agricultural work, including pesticide application, around the world. Adolescent pesticide applicators are more likely to be exposed to pesticides than their adult counterparts because of their application practice and hygiene habits surrounding pesticide use. There is a need for low-cost interventions to redu...

Background: Adolescents are engaged in agricultural work, including pesticide application, around the world. Adolescent pesticide applicators are more likely to be exposed to pesticides than their adult counterparts because of their application practice and hygiene habits surrounding pesticide use. There is a need for low-cost interventions to redu...

Chronic occupational exposure to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) is consistently associated with deficits on neurobehavioral tests when compared to unexposed comparison groups. However, a dose-response relationship has yet to be established, leading some to doubt an association between occupational OP exposure and neurobehavioral deficits. Pestic...

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their hydroxylated metabolites (OH-BDEs) are endocrine disrupting compounds prevalent in human serum and breast milk. Retention of PBDEs and OH-BDEs in humans may be affected by differences in PBDE metabolism due to variants in cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6). The objectives of this study are to assess the pa...

Anniston, Alabama was home to a major polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) production facility from 1929 until 1971. The Anniston Community Health Survey I and II (ACHS-I 2005–2007, ACHS-II 2013–2014) were conducted to explore the effects of PCB exposures. In this report we examined associations between PCB exposure and DNA methylation in whole blood usi...

Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic drug widely used in the treatment of various cancers such as testicular, ovarian, lung, bladder, and cervical cancers. However, its use and the dosage range applied have been limited by severe side effects (e.g. nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity) and by the development of resistance to cisplatin in patien...

Background: Exposure to environmental chemicals, including organophosphorus pesticides, is associated with behavioral disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the impact of occupational pesticide exposure on ADHD development in adolescents has not been examined. Objective: We examined the association between ex...

Pyrethroids (PYRs), including lambda-cyhalothrin (λCH) and alpha-cypermethrin (αCM), are insecticides used in both agricultural and residential settings in Egypt and other parts of the world. PYR usage has increased during the past decade with the decline of organophosphate (OP) pesticide usage. Pesticides are often used in combination, λCH and αCM...

The tumor specificity of JAA-F11, a novel monoclonal antibody specific for the Thomsen-Friedenreich cancer antigen (TF-Ag-alpha linked), has been comprehensively studied by in vitro immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of human tumor and normal tissue microarrays and in vivo biodistribution and imaging by mi-cro-positron emission tomography imaging i...

Supplementary material 4. IHC staining scores on US Biomax slides using biotinylated human myeloma IgG1 and humanized JAA-F11 H2aL2a.

Supplementary material 1. All raw scores for mouse IgG3 control and mouse JAA-F11 staining of the various US Biomax slides. Each tab represents a different slide array.

Supplementary material 2. Comparison scoring to that using a blinded pathologist.

Supplementary material 3. IHC staining scores for multiple slides using soluble antigen preincubations for the mouse JAA-F11. Each tab is a separate US Biomax slide array.

Egyptian adolescents are hired as seasonal workers to apply pesticides to the cotton crop and may perform this occupation for several years. However, few studies examined the effects of repeated pesticide exposure on health outcomes The goal of this study was to determine the impact of repeated pesticide exposure on neurobehavioral (NB) performance...

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphourus insecticide applied to cotton fields by adolescents employed by the Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture. Urinary 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) is a biomarker of CPF exposure that has substantial variability among these applicators. In order to identify predictors of CPF exposure, we conducted a longitudi...

Supplementary material 1. Full glycan array data

Supplementary material 3. Full glycan array data

Supplementary material 2. Full glycan array data

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphorus (OP) insecticide that is applied seasonally by the Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture to cotton fields. The specific, urinary metabolite of CPF, trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), along with inhibition of blood butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were measured as exposure and ef...

Egyptian adolescents work seasonally for the Ministry of Agriculture applying pesticides to cotton fields throughout the country. Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are primarily applied to control cotton boll weevils. Liver and kidney impairments are major concerns among workers exposed to OP pesticides. The aim of the current study is to assess cha...

Pesticide-exposed adolescents may have a higher risk of neurotoxic effects because of their developing brains and bodies. However, only a limited number of studies have addressed this risk among adolescents. The aim of this study was to compare neurological outcomes from two cohorts of Egyptian adolescents working as pesticide applicators. In 2005...

Data file. Replication_Data_Block_Design101011.sav”. This is the raw data file. (SAV)

Study questionnaire. EGAD Applicator Baseline Questionnaire.docx This is the questionnaire used for the current study. (DOCX)

DNA oxidation damage has been regarded as one of the possible mechanisms for the hepatic carcinogenesis of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). In this study, we evaluated the toxic equivalency factor (TEF) from the standpoint of induced DNA oxidation products and their relationship to toxicity and carcinogenicity. Nine DNA oxidation products were analyze...

JAA-F11 is a highly specific mouse monoclonal to the Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigen (TF-Ag) which is an alpha-O-linked disaccharide antigen on the surface of ~80% of human carcinomas, including breast, lung, colon, bladder, ovarian, and prostate cancers, and is cryptic on normal cells. JAA-F11 has potential, when humanized, for cancer immunotherapy f...

Heavy industrialization has resulted in contamination of soil by metals from anthropogenic sources in Anniston, Alabama. This situation calls for increased public awareness of the soil contamination issue and better knowledge of the main factors contributing to the potential sources contaminating residential soil. The purpose of this spatial epidem...

Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-BDEs), which have anthropogenic and natural origins, have exhibited neurotoxic and endocrine disrupting effects in humans and wildlife. Therefore, there is an increased interest in the analysis of these compounds in biological matrices in order to assess their potential toxicological risks. Analysis o...

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organic chemicals that were traditionally produced and widely used in industry as mixtures and are presently formed as byproducts of pigment and dye manufacturing. They are known to persist and bioaccumulate in the environment. Some have been shown to induce liver cancer in rodents. Although the mechanism of the...

Background: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure is associated with increased risk of melanoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in some, but not all, epidemiologic studies. Although the carcinogenic mechanisms of specific PCB congeners remain to be fully explained, PCBs have been demonstrated to induce oxidative stress and inflammation and therefore m...

Chronic exposure to cadmium compounds (Cd2 +) is one of the major public health problems facing humans in the 21st century. Cd2 + in the human body accumulates primarily in the kidneys which leads to renal dysfunction and other adverse health effects. Efforts to find a safe and effective drug for removing Cd2 + from the kidneys have largely failed....

Pyrethroid (PYR) insecticides, including lambda-cyhalothrin (λCH) and alpha-cypermethrin (αCM), are used in both agricultural and residential settings in Egypt and other parts of the world. They act by prolonging the open time of sodium channels, increasing the duration of neuronal excitation. PYRs are active in their parent form with metabolism by...

Exposure to environmental chemicals, including organophosphorus pesticides, has been associated with attention disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous studies have identified associations between ADHD and prenatal exposures 1-2 ; additionally one cross-sectional study reported an association between organophospha...

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) and profenofos (PFF) are organophosphorus (OP) insecticides that are applied seasonally by the Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture to cotton fields. Urinary trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), a specific CPF metabolite, and 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol (BCP), a specific PFF metabolite, are biomarkers of exposure, while inhibition of blood butyr...

Human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) through various routes poses deleterious health effects. PBDEs are biotransformed into hydroxylated metabolites (OH-BDEs) via cytochrome P450s (P450s), which may add to their neurotoxic effects. This study characterizes the in vitro metabolism of 2,2',4,4',6-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-100)...

Arsenic exposure is postulated to modify microRNA (miRNA) expression, leading to changes of gene expression and toxicities, but studies relating the responses of miRNAs to arsenic exposure are lacking, especially with respect to in vivo studies. We utilized high-throughput sequencing technology and generated miRNA expression profiles of liver tissu...

The COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Realistic Solvents (COSMO-RS) was used to predict the boiling points of several polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and methylated derivatives (MeO-BDEs) of mono-hydroxylated-BDE (OH-BDE) metabolites. The linear correlation obtained by plotting theoretical boiling points calculated by COSMO-RS against exper...

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a commonly used organophosphate insecticide (OP). In adults, exposure to OPs has been inconsistently associated with reduced lung function. OP exposure and lung function has not been assessed in adolescents. The objective of this study was to assess CPF exposure and lung function among Egyptian adolescents. We conducted a 10-m...

We recently reported that occupational exposure to trimethyltin (TMT) is a risk factor for developing kidney stones. To further examine the association between TMT exposure and the formation of kidney stones, we conducted a 180-day animal study and exposed the randomly grouped Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats to TMT in the drinking water at doses of 0, 8.2...

The Anniston Community Health Survey was a community-based cross-sectional study of Anniston, Alabama, residents who live in close proximity to a former PCB production facility to identify factors associated with serum PCB levels. The survey comprises 765 Anniston residents who completed a questionnaire interview and provided a blood sample for ana...

Children and adolescents may have occupational exposure to pesticides. Although previous studies examining prenatal pesticide exposure have identified neurobehavioral deficits in children, there are limited studies examining the impact of occupational exposure in children. The objectives of this study are to estimate exposures to the organophosphor...

Anniston, Alabama has a long history of operation of foundries and other heavy industry. We assessed the extent of heavy metal contamination in soils by determining the concentrations of 11 heavy metals (Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Hg, Ni, V, Zn) based on 2,046 soil samples collected from 595 industrial and residential sites. Principal Component An...

Occupational exposure of organophosphorus pesticides, such as chlorpyrifos (CPF), in adolescents is of particular concern because of the potential vulnerability of the developing neurological system. The objectives of this study were to examine how neurological symptoms reported over the application season vary across time, whether these effects ar...

Introduction: Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphorus (OP) pesticide, is applied seasonally in Egypt by adolescent agricultural workers, however, the extent of occupational exposure and the potential for environmental CPF exposure in this population is poorly understood. In addition, while there is compelling evidence that repeated low-level occupa...

Introduction: Many children throughout the world are engaged in agricultural work, either for pay or on family farms, which has the potential for exposures to pesticides. Even subtle changes in health outcomes due to pesticide exposures could result in large social and economic consequences. This project is conducting research on pesticide exposur...

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is applied seasonally in Egypt by adolescent agricultural workers and the extent of occupational exposure and the potential for environmental CPF exposure in this population is poorly understood. Adolescent pesticide applicators (n=57; 12-21 years of age) and age-matched non-applicators (n=38) from the same villages were followed...

Inorganic arsenic (iAs) and its high toxic metabolite, monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)), are able to induce malignant transformation of human cells. Chronic exposure to these chemicals is associated with an increased risk of developing multiple cancers in human. However, the mechanisms contributing to iAs/MMA(III)-induced cell malignant transform...

Objectives Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is a common disease with the prevalence that is increasing globally. We previously found that trimethyltin (TMT), a by-product of plastic stabilisers, can inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase activity in renal intercalated cells and alter urinary pH, which is a known risk factor for nephrolithiasis. In this study, we...

Introduction: Cotton is a main contributor to the economy of Egypt. The Egyptian government, through various agricultural offices distributed throughout the country, centrally manages pesticide application to the cotton crop. Organophosphate pesticides, particularly chlorpyrifos, are the most commonly used pesticides for the cotton crop. Adolescent...

Extensive uses of methyltin compounds in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production have led to a dramatic increase of occupational-related methyltin poisoning accidents and the widespread contamination of methyltins in various environmental media. Here, we conducted studies to compare the acute toxicity induced by trimethyltin (TMT) and dimethyltin (DMT)...

Although studies with adults have demonstrated associations between organophosphorus (OP) pesticide exposure and neurological symptoms, the change in symptom reporting across an application season and the relationship between symptoms and biomarkers of exposure is poorly understood and few studies have examined adolescents. The prevalence of neurol...

Background: Previous studies have indicated that cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are involved in the metabolism of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants in humans, resulting in the formation of hydroxylated PBDEs (OH-PBDEs) that are potentially more toxic than the parent PBDEs. However, the specific enzymes responsible for the formation of...

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a widely used organophosphorus pesticide, is metabolized by cytochrome P450s (CYPs) to either an inactive metabolite, trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), or to chlorpyrifos oxon (CPF-oxon), which is a potent Cholinesterase inhibitor. Urinary TCPy levels are a reliable biomarker for CPF exposure while blood Cholinesterase activity is a...

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphorus (OP) pesticide, is bioactivated by cytochrome P450s (CYPs) to the active metabolite chlorpyrifos oxon (CPF-O). Given that human CYP2B6 has the highest intrinsic clearance (CL(int)) for CPF bioactivation, CYP2B6 polymorphisms may impact human susceptibility to CPF at real world environmental and occupational C...

Chlorpyrifos exposures were assessed in 12 Egyptian cotton field workers. 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) was measured in 24-hour urine samples to estimate absorbed dose. Workshift air samples were used to calculate chlorpyrifos inhalation dose. Patches on legs had the highest chlorpyrifos loading rates among body regions sampled. Geometric mean...

Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other persistent organic pollutants (e.g., toxaphene) has been linked to an increased risk for melanoma in occupational settings. Great Lakes fish bioaccumulate PCBs and organochlorine pesticides, thus consumption is thoug...

IntroductionAbsorption/Bioavailability Following ExposureDistributionMetabolism and ExcretionPhysiologically Based Pharmacokinetic ModelsPharmacokinetics in Special PopulationsReferences

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used organophosphorus (OP) pesticide. CPF is bioactivated by cytochrome P450s (CYPs) to the potent cholinesterase inhibitor chlorpyrifos oxon (CPF-O) or detoxified to 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy). Human CYP2B6 has the highest reported Vmax)/Km (intrinsic clearance--CL(int)) for bioactivation while CYP2C19 has th...

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphorus (OP) insecticide, is a public health concern due to its widespread potential for human exposure. Blood acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) levels may be used as biomarkers of effect while urinary 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) is a specific biomarker of CPF exposure. A longitudina...