Imre Biksi

University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest · Department of Pathology

Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) has been a major animal health, welfare, and economic problem in Hungary; therefore, great emphasis should be put on both the prevention and control of this complex disease. As antibacterial agents are effective tools for control, antibiotic susceptibility testing is indispensable for the proper implementa...

Sertésekben a szív leggyakoribb fejlődési rendellenességei a tricuspidalis billentyű-dysplasia, a pitvari septum defectus és az aortaszájadék-szűkület. A szerzők egy nagyüzemi sertésállományban az újszülött malacokban elhullást okozó pitvari septum defectus halmozott előfordulásáról számolnak be. Szuperszapora kocát tartó nagyüzemi sertéstelepen hi...

Background: Extended spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes conferring resistance to the majority of ß-lactam antibiotics in many bacterial species, including Escherichia coli. Bacteria harboring these enzymes could be resistant to 3rd and 4th class cephalosporines and carbapenems, depleting the range of compounds available for treating serious...

A major problem of our time is the ever-increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents in bacterial populations. One of the most effective ways to prevent these problems is to target antibacterial therapies for specific diseases. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effectiveness of florfenicol against S. suis, which can cause severe arthriti...

Livestock-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) strains of clonal complex (CC) 398 are widely disseminated in pigs and are considered emerging pathogens in human medicine. To investigate the prevalence, genetic characteristics, and zoonotic potential of the pathogen in pig production settings, dust samples were collected f...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bearing the mecC gene (mecC-MRSA) has been reported from animals and humans in recent years. This study describes the first mecC-MRSA isolates of human and equine origin in Hungary (two isolates from horses and one from a veterinarian, who treated one of the infected horses, but was asymptomatic). MRSA is...

A szerzők ebben a tanulmányban irodalmi áttekintést követően öt, idült gyomormegterheléssel és gyomortágulattal diagnosztizált ló kórlefolyását mutatják be, amelyeket az üllői Lógyógyászati Tanszék és Klinikán kezeltek 2019 és 2021 között. A lovak változatos tüneteket mutattak: enyhe vagy hevesebb kólikás nyugtalanságot, idült testtömegvesztést, ét...

A szerzők hízósertéseken, nagyüzemi körülmények között vizsgálták 10 mg/ttkg, ivóvízben, 5 napon át adagolt tilvalozin (TVN) hatékonyságát Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae okozta légzőszervi betegség gyógy- és metafilaktikus kezelésére. A gyógyulási arány 91,7% volt a TVN, 86,7% a referens kontrollcsoportban, ami szignifikáns egyenértékűséget jelent. Az új...

Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is an emerging pathogen that has been reported worldwide in all ages of healthy and clinically ill pigs. The presence of this virus in Hungary has been confirmed in a commercial farm experiencing reproductive failures, but there were no data on the circulation of PCV3 in the country. Here we report the prevalence an...

Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is an emerging pathogen, that has been reported worldwide in all ages of healthy and clinically ill pigs. The presence of this virus in Hungary has been confirmed in a commercial farm experiencing reproductive failures, but there were no data on the circulation of PCV3 in the country. Here we report the prevalence a...

The genomes of two Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) strains were fully sequenced and compared to those of known Hungarian strains. One was a laboratory strain (KEM-1) isolated in 1952, which had gone through hundreds of passages both on Vero cell cultures and in laboratory mice, while the other was a recent isolate (2019) from questing female t...

The control of Mycoplasma hyorhinis infection relies mainly on antimicrobial therapy. However, the antibiotic susceptibility testing of the bacteria is usually not performed before applying the treatment, and thus therapeutic failures are not uncommon. In the case of M. hyorhinis, several antibiotic-resistance-related single nucleotide polymorphism...

The last surveys on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from bovine milk in Hungary took place in the 2000s. To elucidate the genetic variability and to estimate the burden of the pathogen, MRSA from our strain collection and prospectively collected Staphylococcus aureus (SA) isolates originating from two milk hygiene labora...

Mycoplasma hyorhinis is a swine pathogen bacterium, which causes significant economic losses. The infection spreads through direct contact between the animals. Powerful genotyping methods like PCR based multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) are necessary to monitor the infections and to...

ÖSSZEFOGLALÁS: Kétrészes közleményük első részében a szerzők áttekintik az állati eredetű meticillin rezisztens Staphylococcus aureus-szal (LA-MRSA) kapcsolatos legfontosabb járványtani ismereteket, külön kitérve a lógyógyászat vonatkozó kérdéseire. Megállapítják, hogy lovakban az MRSA elsősorban kórházi fertőzéseket okoz, amelyek a jóindulatú bőr-...

The livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus LA-MRSA has an increasing significance both in veterinary and human medicine. During the past three decades, different clonal lineages with lower host-specificity have appeared and become frequent colonisers of animals and humans, and especially professionals in close contact with...

Literature review about the endotheliotropic herpesvirus of elephants

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) is an emerging enteropathogen, causing great economic losses in the pig industry. After many years of quiescence, PEDV was detected in Hungary in 2016 with a recombination in its S gene. In order to determine the extent of this change, an attempt was made to isolate the recombinant PEDV. This study was extend...

Between July 2011 and May 2016, a total of 40 Staphylococcus aureus strains originating from 36 horses were confirmed as methicillin resistant (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA]) in a university equine clinic. An additional 10 MRSA strains from 36 samples of clinic workers were obtained in October 2017. The first equine isolate rep...

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections are responsible for significant economic losses in the swine industry. Commercially available vaccines are not able to inhibit the colonisation of the respiratory tract by M. hyopneumoniae absolutely, therefore vaccination can be completed with antibiotic treatment to moderate clinical signs and improve performan...

Background data of M. hyopneumoniae strains and initial minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values (μg/ml) of 15 antimicrobials against the strains used in the study. Isolation data (Sample ID, Herd of origin and Date of isolation) and MIC values of enrofloxacin (EFX), marbofloxacin (MFX), oxytetracycline (OTC), doxycycline (DX), gentamicin (GTC...

Background data of M. hyopneumoniae strains and final minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values (μg/ml) of 15 antimicrobials against the strains used in the study. Isolation data (Sample ID, Herd of origin and Date of isolation) and MIC values of enrofloxacin (EFX), marbofloxacin (MFX), oxytetracycline (OTC), doxycycline (DX), gentamicin (GTC),...

Initial and final minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges (μg/ml) of fluoroquinolones, macrolides and lincomycin against the examined M. hyopneumoniae isolates with the amino acid substitutions in the gyrA and parC genes and nucleotide substitutions in the 23S rRNA sequence. (DOCX)

Mycoplasma hyorhinis is a common pathogen of swine causing mainly polyserositis and arthritis, but it has also been implicated as a cause of pneumonia. The economic losses due to M. hyorhinis infection could be reduced by antibiotic treatment. The aim of this study was to determine minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of antibiotics potentially...

Contents The aim of this study was to determine whether measurements of certain metabolic (non‐esterified fatty acid, β‐hydroxybutyrate, glucose, total protein, albumin, urea‐nitrogen, aspartate aminotransferase, total calcium, inorganic phosphate and magnesium) and endocrine (cortisol, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, insulin and insulin‐like growth f...

Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is a recently identified RNA virus within the Flaviviridae family, causing congenital tremor (CT) in the piglets of infected sows. We have investigated 25 cases of CT from 2005, 2007, 2010 and 2016–2018, originating from six different farms. RT‐PCR has been performed on these samples and all of the affected piglet...

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a swine pathogen bacterium, causing significant economic losses worldwide. Epidemiological investigations based on molecular typing methods support the prevention and eradication strategies for the control of M. hyopneumoniae, through tracing the spreading of the pathogen. The present study describes the genotyping of 44...

Background: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiological agent of enzootic pneumonia in swine. The disease is characterised by low mortality, and it occurs worldwide causing serious economic losses in the pig industry. Objectives: The aim of this review is to summarise the recent knowledge about M. hyopneumoniae especially from the aspects of vaccin...

As a part of a recently started monitoring programme, we have investigated the conserved bovine MRSA isolates of the Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate (VDD), National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest to get an insight in the occurrence of MRSA genotypes circulating in Hungarian dairy farms in the past 15 years. Between 2003 and 2018 overall 27 M...

SSZeFoGLALÁS A szerzők jelen tanulmányukban a ló térdízületének, keresztmetszeti képalkotással (CT, MR) nyert adatokból, képfúzió segítségével létrehozott, digitális 3D modelljeit mutatják be. Röviden ismertetik a mágneses rezonanciás vizsgálat technikai alapjait, irodalmi adatok alapján áttekintik a ló térdízületének CT és MR anatómiáját. A cikkso...

SUMMARY Background: Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MR) became important diagnostic tools in the veterinary practice in the past decades. Data gained with those scanning methods can be used for 3D displaying of different organs, organ systems and body regions as well. There are numerous reconstructional softwares to create...

Background: Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MR) became important diagnostic tools in the veterinary practice in the past decades. Data gained with those scanning methods can be used for 3D displaying of different organs, organ systems and body regions as well. There are numerous reconstructional softwares to create high det...

SSzeFoGLALÁS A szerzők jelen tanulmányukban bemutatják a légzőszervrendszer egyes elemei-nek CT-vizsgálatra alapozott 3D modelljeit. Ismertetik a madarak légzsákjainak, a lovak orrmelléküregeinek anatómiai alapjait, ezen szervrendszerek vizsgálatának nehézségeit. Röviden bemutatják a vizsgálóeljárás technikai részleteit, irodalmi adatok alapján átt...

SUMMARY Background: Computed tomography (CT) became an important diagnostic imaging method in the veterinary practice in the past decades. Data gained with the scanning can be used for 3D displaying of organs or body regions as well. The viewer softwares provide more and more options for reconstruction of the target area. Objectives: The authors pr...

Background: Computed tomography (CT) became an important diagnostic imaging method in the veterinary practice in the past decades. Data gained with the scanning can be used for 3D displaying of organs or body regions as well. The viewer softwares provide more and more options for reconstruction of the target area. Objectives: The authors present th...

Background: Dermal lesions in pigs are quite infrequent in comparison to companion animals. Some pigs with unusual disseminated papular lesions have been recently submitted to the Diagnostic Laboratory of the Department and Clinic for Production Animals. During diagnostic workup, the authors have extracted some further, previously unreported cases...

Background: In our age, the information society, the computer based technologies, including the data analytical procedures are part of each sites of the life. In the production animal sector more and more data are generated day by day. Unfortunately, only a small piece of this huge amount of data is transformed to information, that can be interpret...

The authors describe the pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of important porcine respiratory diseases, based on the available literature and on their practical experiences. Aiming to help clinicians to identify respiratory conditions possibly "on the spot", different diseases are discussed according to the production phase they likely to occur...

Rabbit staphylococcosis is one of the most important diseases in industrial rabbit production. We report here the draft genome sequence of Staphylococcus aureus strain 380/11, an atypical highly virulent (aHV) rabbit Staphylococcus aureus strain.

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) can cause a severe enteric disease affecting pigs of all ages. In January 2016, diarrhoea with occasional vomiting was observed in a small pig farm in Hungary. All animals became affected, while mortality (of up to 30%) was only seen in piglets. Samples from different age groups and the carcass of a piglet we...

This paper reports an outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia caused by Pasteurella multocida B:2 in beef calves, a disease that has not been described in the Hungarian literature since 1943, and has not been reported to the World Organisation For Animal Health (OIE) since 1970. Acute haemorrhagic septicaemia was confirmed in beef calves on one small...

Staphylococcosis has a major economic impact on rabbit farming worldwide. Previous studies described a highly virulent variant, which is disseminated across Europe. Such strains are reported to be capable of inducing uncontrollable outbreaks. The authors describe a survey conducted on 374 Staphylococcus strains isolated from rabbit farms, mostly fr...

We report the draft genome sequence of Staphylococcus aureus Sp17, a typical highly virulent (HV) rabbit strain. As current medicine apparently fails to effectively reduce disease and economical losses caused by this organism, it is essential to gain better insight on its genomic arrangement. FOOTNOTES Address correspondence to Zoltán Német, nemet....

An „outbreak” of acute fibrinonecrotic tracheitis has been described in a Hungarian pig herd. One or two pigs from several consecutive, approx. 650 head finishing batches died with signs of acute respiratory distress due to severe fibrinonecrotic tracheitis over a period of five months. Diagnostic examination of affected tracheas and corresponding...

Background Reports on Sarcocystis-infection of cattle are outdated or lacking in many European countries, including those in the Central-Eastern part of the continent. Therefore, to assess the prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. among bovids in Hungary, a countrywide survey was initiated. In addition, fulminant deaths of four cattle, that showed clinica...

Cases of acute tracheal oedema and haemorrhage with fibrinonecrotic tracheitis have been described in Hungarian pig herds. Clinical signs and gross and microscopical tracheal lesions bore resemblance to those of bovine 'honker syndrome'. Diagnostic examination of affected tracheas and corresponding lungs revealed the presence of a variety of agents...

An 8-year-old Hungarian warmblood gelding used for show jumping was evaluated because of poor performance and chronic weight loss. On admission, oral and gastroesophageal ulcerations and malabsorption were detected. Results of thoracic radiography, ultrasonography, bronchoalveolar lavage cytology and positive polymerase chain reaction for Equine He...

The authors have evaluated the efficacy of the colostrum supply in a commercial dairy herd. Newborn calves (n = 115) were sampled between the 1st and 7th day of life. The blood samples were measured with a cow-side test MBC QTII™ (Midland BioProducts Corporation, Boone, Iowa, USA), which measures the immunoglobulin level by radial immunodiffusion....

This case report describes the surgical technique and outcome of allograft transplantation to treat full thickness corneal abscesses in three horses. In all three cases penetrating keratoplasty was performed. Each affected eye had an abscess within the corneal stroma. An initial full thickness circular corneal incision was made around the lesion. A...

Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) is a coronavirus-induced disease of pigs, characterised by diarrhoea and vomiting. The incidence of the disease had been decreasing since the late 1980s when deletion mutant variants (porcine respiratory coronavirus, PRCoV) of the virus emerged, repressing TGE gradually. Although disease manifestations are infreq...

In 2010, two novel porcine H1N1 influenza viruses were isolated from pigs with influenza-like illness in Hungarian swine herds. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of these strains revealed that they shared molecular features with the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus strains, which emerged globally during 2009. The PB2, HA and NA genes contained unique...

A 2 year old male Miniature Schnauzer from an urban household was presented to the Animal Hospital of Budapest with generalized lymphadenopathy. Cytology of an enlarged popliteal lymph node revealed the presence of acid-fast, rodshaped bacteria in macrophages and neutrophils. Histopathological and bacteriological examination of a lymph node biopsy...

The genome of a porcine H1N1 influenza A strain is reported in this study. The strain proved to be a monoreassortant strain with a typical porcine N1 gene on the genetic backbone of the pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus strain. Monitoring of descendants of the pandemic 2009 H1N1 strain is needed because of concerns that more-virulent strains may emer...

Smaller macropodid species (commonly referred to as wallabies) are extremely susceptible to toxoplasmosis: in most cases, infection with Toxoplasma gondii leads to death within a short time. Between June 2006 and July 2010, T. gondii was detected by immunohistochemical examination in six Tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii) that died in the Budapest...

Hungary is traditionally regarded as a leishmaniasis-free country, and human or canine cases diagnosed locally have been recorded as imported. However, recent entomological surveys have verified the presence in Hungary of Phlebotomus neglectus and Phlebotomus perfiliewi perfiliewi, which have been incriminated as competent vectors of Leishmania inf...

A number of newly identified porcine parvoviruses had been described during the last decade, but the presence and prevalence of these viruses are unknown in Hungary and only partly known for Europe. The present study was conducted to detect and measure the prevalence of these viruses, namely porcine parvovirus (PPV) 2, PPV3, PPV4, porcine bocavirus...

The authors review old and novel facts and information on various syndromes caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection in domestic rabbits. Predisposing factors of these conditions are assessed in details. Clinical signs and lesions are described according to the affected age group (sucklings, breeders). The means of detection of the pathogen is dis...

The authors describe the incidence of black leg disease in a Hungarian dairy herd. The case occurred among young animals of 10-12 months of age. Five from 28 heifers died suddenly without clinical signs of illness during a three month period in the spring of 2010. The other animals (n=23) showed clinical symptoms such as depression, anorexia and la...

The spread of lineage 2 West Nile virus (WNV) from sub-Saharan regions to Europe and the unpredictable change in pathogenicity indicate a potential public and veterinary health threat and requires scientific awareness. To describe the results of clinical and virological investigations of the 1st outbreak of a genetic lineage 2 WNV encephalomyelitis...

A one-step real time RT-PCR method has previously been developed for the simultaneous detection of both genotypes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). For further evaluation of the assay and a detailed characterization of the probe binding sites a collection of 24 PRRSV positive field samples from Hungary, Serbia, Austria...

The stillbirth rate, especially in Holstein heifers did not decrease but showed gradually increasing tendency all over the world during the last 20 years, therefore it is important to re-examine the causal factors to achieve a substantive decrease (Table). The aim of the present literature review is to discuss the causal factors of stillbirth by gr...

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Epizootic rabbit enteropathy (ERE), a disease of still unknown aetiology has emerged worldwide in the past decade, as the most important health problem in rabbit industry. Despite its still obscure pathogenesis, ERE can be effectively prevented by strategic oral bacitracin therapy. The authors tested the efficacy of a bacitracin and oxitetracycline...

Porcine circoviruses (PCV) are present worldwide, infecting domestic pigs and wild boars alike. Studies under laboratory conditions indicated that PCV can be taken up by mice and the virus can replicate in these animals. The possible role of rodents in maintaining and transmitting PCV2 infection in the field has not been investigated yet. The prese...