Imoh Bassey Obioh

Atmospheric Research and Information Analysis Laboratory · Centre for Energy Research dnd Development, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria

Nickel and graphite were potentiostatically co-deposited using a nickel-graphite composite counter electrode (HCE) with tunable-friability. Graphite electrodes were produced at densities of 0.920, 1.026 and 1.188 g/cm³, and their suitability for constitution into HCE was assessed. The surface area of the nickel component was varied from 100% to abo...

PM2.5–10 (aerodynamic diameter dae 2.5 µm ≥ x ≤ 10 µm) pollution is rapidly becoming a serious problem in many urban areas especially in the least and middle income countries where air quality guidelines as well as urban infrastructure are grossly lacking. In this regards, PM2.5–10 samples collected within a 12-month period from the industrial, low...

Airborne particulate matter PM2.5 was collected in an industrial, a low-density, and a high-density residential area of Lagos from December 2010 to November 2011, and elemental composition was determined by proton-induced X-ray emission. Across the months, mass concentrations ranged from 13 to 237 µg m⁻³, exceeding the World Health Organization gui...

The study was initiated to investigate variability and change in Global Solar Radiation (GSR) penetration from climate change. Based on the meteorological data at Ile-Ife, Nigeria which is more detailed than for other stations the relations between measured GSR and other key meteorological variables namely, temperature, relative humidity, rainfall,...

The study was initiated to investigate variability and change in Global Solar Radiation (GSR) penetration from climate change. Based on the meteorological data at Ile-Ife, Nigeria which is more detailed than for other stations the relations between measured GSR and other key meteorological variables namely, temperature, relative humidity, rainfall,...

PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 aerodynamic diameters (x ≤ 2.5 μm) and (2.5 ≥ x ≤ 10 μm) fractions in six Nigerian urban cities (Aba, Abuja, Lagos, Kano, Maiduguri and Port-Harcourt), were monitored using “Gent” stacked filter unit sampler in order to assess elemental concentrations and to perform source apportionment. Twenty-three elements; (Na, Mg, Al, Si, P,...

Background: The megacity status of Lagos has led to increased pressure on the urban environment especially on air quality. Twelfth decade of serving as Nigeria former capital and currently the economic nerve centre of the country, there is yet no holistic information on source apportionment of atmospheric aerosols in the city. Hence, the study was...

The paucity of data on air quality studies in Nigeria prompted us to commence the monitoring of total atmospheric deposition (TAD) in Lagos Island, Nigeria. TAD samples were collected every 30 days for a period of two years using a local assembled gauge fashioned after the Australian model gauge. Elemental characterization was carried out by Partic...

Size segregated suspended particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10-2.5) in air at four major petroleum-filling stations in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, were monitored using double staged “Gent” stacked samplers to assess variations in mass loads and elemental concentrations of 25 elements. Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr,...

For most of the last four decades, the alkaline fuel cell (AFC) has been largely overlooked in favor of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). However, the persistently high costs and complexities of the PEMFC and the SOFC have led to renewed interest in the AFC in recent times. This work reports th...

Introduction: Particulate air pollution is associated with increased incidence of respiratory symptoms and decreased pulmonary, function but the relative impact of pollution from different domestic energy sources is not well-known or studied. Aim: The study was aimed at assessing the association between particulate concentrations, respiratory symp...

The aim of this paper is to assess how policy goals in relation to the promotion of green growth, energy security, pollution control and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions have been aligned in policies that have been implemented in selected countries during the last decades as a basis for discussing how a multi objective policy paradigm can...

The paucity of data on air pollution indices in Nigeria prompted us to commence a national screening exercise regarding particulate matter loads. Six potential megacities (Aba, Abuja, Lagos, Kano, Maiduguri, and Port-Harcourt) representing the six geographical zones in Nigeria were chosen for the study. Sampling was achieved using a ‘Gent’ stacked...

Ambient concentrations of PM10 (x ≤ 10 µm) and PM2.5 (x ≤ 2.5 µm) particulate fractions collected from Ikoyi Lagos, Nigeria, as well as their elemental compositions are presented in this study. Both size-segregated fractions were collected using a double staged ‘Gent’ stack filter unit sampler. Elemental characterizations of dust laden filters were...

Forest in Nigeria plays a much wider role in the overall balance of issues affecting the country than those of climate change alone. Nigeria's tropical forest is depleting fast, due largely to uncontrolled human activities. Poverty, urbanization, population growth and insecurity are the major causes of this trend. Tracking carbon flow in these fore...

The level of sulfur(IV) oxide (SO2) in the tropospheric environment of Ilorin is presented using three urban classes and a control site from 2003-2006 wet and dry seasons. The mean concentrations over the years during wet and dry seasons were 1.29 plus or minus 0.17 and 7.17 plus or minus 0.87 (ppb), respectively. The wet season concentration was 1...

The unregulated activities of a scrap iron and steel smelting industry in Lagos, Nigeria necessitated the sampling of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) particles from various sections of the industry. The samples were analyzed using polarized energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique which allowed the simultaneous detection of over 2...

A combination of multivariate statistical methods including factor analysis, principal component analysis, principal component regression, and multiple linear regression (MLR) were employed to evaluate the influence of seasons on the concentrations of ozone, sulfur (IV) oxide, and oxides of nitrogen in ambient air of Nigerian cities of Lagos and Il...

Ambient concentrations of sulphur (IV) oxide (SO2) have been determined in the city of Ilorin, Nigeria between mid February and mid Novembers 2003. SO2 levels were found to vary significantly with the traffic density and human activities. There was a significant difference (P = 0.05) between the SO2 concentrations at two sites (high and low traffic...

For reproducibility of analytical results of samples deposited on filters using PM10 sampler, homogeneity of the sample on the filter is very important especially when the size of the X-ray beam for the analysis is less than the size of filter. It is against this background that the air particulate samples collected on using PM10 samplers are analy...

Ethylenediamine Tetra-acetic Acid (EDTA) extractable metals were determined in soils of bituminous sands occurrence area of Agbabu in southwestern Nigeria using Total reflection x-ray Fluorescence (TXRF) technique. Soil samples were collected at two different depths (0-50 and 50-100 cm) along a transverse line cutting across the main road in the st...

Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF) technique was used to analyze Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) collected by gravimetric sampling along air corridors of motorways in Lagos and Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Up to 16 elements were identified and quantified. The Toxicity Potentials (TP) for SPM were high for all sampling sites in the two cities, excep...

This study was carried out to determine the concentration of total suspended paniculate matter (TSP) in'the ambient-air of selected small-scale industrial workshops in lle-lfc - battery charging and repairs (BCR), vehicle spray-painting (VSP) and welding and panel beating (WPB). A total number of 30 workshops; 10 from each group of small-scale indu...

Our study describes a 1995 survey (1120 questionnaires) in the urban and rural rain-forests of Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria, on fuel use for cooking. We assessed the biofuel burning in Africa, in particular, and in tropical countries, in general. Included are discussions of socio-economic conditions, descriptions of the types and numbers of stoves,...

The IPCC Methodology was used to estimate emissions of greenhouse and precursor gases to the atmosphere from the various energy production and consumption sectors, land-use change, industrial activities, agriculture, and waste management. Both the top-down and bottom-up approaches were used for the energy sector. The bottom-up dispersion method all...

In a study to investigate the possible contamination of soil, vegetation and surface water from a lead smelter, samples of soil, edible vegetables and water were collected at varying distances from a smelting plant in the tin ore region of Nigeria. The total and extractable lead contents of the soils were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectro...

Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) in combination with HpGe based passive gamma spectrometry is used to measure the concentration of toxic heavy metals and radionuclides in the soils around a lead/tin smelter and also air particulates and mining wastes collected from some tin mines and a tin mill. Toxic heavy metals like Sn, Pb, As, Zn, B...

Suspended dust particulates within and around cement industries in Nigeria were sampled and analyzed using EDXRF technique. The TSP concentrations ranged from 500 mug/m3 to 1300 mug/m3 within the factory, while outside the factory the range is from 100 mug/m3 to 370 mug/m3. In major shop floors, particulate matter concentrations as high as 104 mug/...

The Nigerian crude oil is formed in association with natural gas. The associated gas has mostly been flared in the process of crude oil exploitation. Current estimates are that approximately 70% of produced natural gas is flared. Carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides emissions from oil and gas exploitation activities are p...

CAREAIR is the abbreviation for "Computer aided Analysis of Reduction strategies for Emissions and ambient AIR pollution". It is a modelling-system for air pollution analyses including a flexible emission model developed at the IER. The PC-based version of the system is especially designed for applications in so-called 3rd-world countries, but in f...

Total atmospheric deposits of particulate matter within the premises of three Nigerian cement factories were collected and characterised for about 25 elements using a combination of Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (EDXRF) and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA). Some toxic heavy metals like As, Pb, Ni, Co, Zn, Cu, Cr, a...

Airborne particulate matter collected during the Harmattan season at Kano in the northern part, and Ile-Ife in the southern part of Nigeria was analyzed for about 30 elements by a combination of instrumental neutron activation analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis. Although the total suspended particulate concentration (ng/m3) is much higher in...

Elemental concentrations of air particulates collected by a gravimetric method were determined using proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) analytical techniques. Air particulate samples were collected over a six-month period at three positions (middle and two opposite sides) across a road at different...

Three nuclear and atomic-based techniques for elemental analysis of air-particulate samples are discussed in terms of their usefulness in an environmental monitoring and impact assessment programme, supported by the European Economic Community, in Nigeria. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) anal...