Content uploaded by Idris Ayomo Oke
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Idris Ayomo Oke on Sep 12, 2022
Content may be subject to copyright.
INADEQUACIES OF MACHINE TRANSLATION THROUGH RENDERING OF
SOCIAL MEDIA AND SEARCH ENGINE DISCOURSE
!"#
"$%&!%'
"!$
()"'"$!
!&'%'
Abstract
* ' ' '% '
*+*,''-'$''
. % / / '
-'$.0 1'* '
'0'%*
' ' '%*!
01'*''
1%-+23,' +3,
+3,' +3,/
-'$.4'!51 '*!
!01 '0%
!'1 '!'%*
0'''!*5!*
!''''%*!''
!'!0''!
'''%*!'6'78%9*
' : '0
%
Keywords: Machine Translation, Discourse, Social Media, Search Engine, Equivalence
Theory
1.0 Introduction
* '!!!'
60*!'%
'*+'*,''! '
''0%''!
'
''%*';.*:
;-'$ *%: * !
' 1''! !
'''0'''
'0'*%"
Page 1 of 22
!01'*+',
'+-'$,'+.,%
2.0 Statement of Problem
*+,<+',''
''!''0'!0'!
'+,6*%*1!'!
6*='#'%" !
'''60*1 '
'*%*!'''
'+-'$,'+.,'
!* !'''%!
00'01''0
6*%"6 :+2>>2,'')'
!' !
1 $% *! '
1''
'/-'$.%
3.0 Machine Translation (MT)
*''*('%"
?'+?, !;
0%
('*(+@99>,A
‘Machine translation (MT) is a modern method of translation
through computer assistance, which is a sub-eld of
computational linguistics… MT performs simple
replacements with basic translated key words for non-native
speakers to understand content in an original foreign
language that they need to assess’+%28B,.
Scholars such as Vauquois (1998) cited in Lin and Chen (2009) noted that
‘MT is aimed at enabling a computer to transfer natural language
utterances, or to process a natural language in terms of lexical, syntactic
and semantic dimensions.’ Other scholars have given contrary opinions
claiming the delimitation of MT in rendering contextual and cultural
aspects of language use.
4.0 Methodology
Page 2 of 22
*!1 '' !%*!
' '
1' '' % '' -'$ .
''' !%- +3,'0 +3,/
00' -'$ +3,0
0'.%0'-'$@9@9
@9@2%* '0%*0
6 +' / , * +,
-'$*.*' !%-!!
! $ ' ! ' $
1'''%
5.0 Theoretical Framework
*! !:+2>C3,1 '*!%*
'!'' !='
+, +, 1 ' % *
6:+@92@,1 ' ;'
1%:*'''!'0
1 ' 0 ' '
+ @99B,%:'' !
'6* !''
6*''6*
%
- - +@92C, : ' *
'! ($!:*. . +*..,
/!:''(' ('%*!!
+@92@,A
;:! ! '
'0#'$4'$
'$ '' ' '
' D $ ' '
''!'!'0:+%@B@,%
!$:1 '*!!1 ' #E# A
-1 '+'-,!'1 '+',%*
'-1 '''!'%
Page 3 of 22
*-'1 '6'F%*
!1 '!'%+@9@2%2@#28,
'1 ' ; !
''
%-;'::;'1 ':
' '!'0
'%:'1 ''%7
0!
F'
'6%+2>GB,;!
!' % * ! '!
''1 '!
'''!'''
'':+%2@9,%
Figure 1: Nida’s Translation Process
Source: %''%
! !!'1 '
'1 ''* '
%
6.0 Data Presentation and Analysis
/ 23 ' 0' -'$ . '
/!4''
!'1 ''$A
6.1 Table 1: Hausa1 Discourses:
*2 0'/'
* F *+'F*,%
17$! ! ''F*
/0'%
Page 4 of 22
Excerpt
Number
Original Text MT Version Revised Translation (RT)
Excerpt 1
! !"!'
!% !
$$!$!!$
' ! '$ '$ $
' $ ! !
% $
4 ! $
% 6 6 6
4 61 7 $
$ !% -
! $ !
!%
" !" !
$4'%!
$!! $
' '4 $
! '
'%
!
!%666!
617!'%
''%
"!"!
' '%
$!!$
' %
! '
' !
'$%
!'
! % -
0 " 6 6 ! '
617%
/!'%
=!:=
'%
Excerpt 2
"H6"":6A
! ! I:
' 6$ I:
$ *
! 6 I
?%
6 ?$
"1 F4! 6$ !
% / ! %
! ! $ $
%%
"H6/F7FA
*! -!: !
' 6$ I:
* -!
!"'?%
6 ?$
"1 F
%*%!
$
%%
"H6":J
*!!I:!
I: 1
* "
0''
? 6 ?$
"1 F4! H$
6% *
!0'%!
''%J
""6/
"(F*"-"%
('
"-6*"K
* ''
Page 5 of 22
Excerpt 3 !% '$ ) )'!%
!!!
) $ )! '
)$!%
! % 6
%!
!
!4'
%
'!!
!'!%
!$
! '
! 4'
%
Excerpt 4
FA
.I"F"
! '$ !
$ $$ %
$ %
!:%%
6".-F?FF6A
-%
! .
$ ' '%
'%! $ '$%
%
FL6*-FF?FF6
-:4
!
$
'%
'% !
$ '$!
''#%J
Excerpt 5
$
$ 4
$ $
$!$4%
7 ! ! % 6
$$$$%6!$
' ! 4
'$!))!
%!)$$$%
7 $4
4!!$M
7
$4
$$
% ' 0' %
*! $ '$
!: % * ! !
' 4
4'
%"!
%?:! $
'M
-'!
'
$ 4
% *! $
!!
$ ' !% *!
'
' %*!!'
44!
'%
" %?
! '
'M
Page 6 of 22
"0'2 '0!0* ''F*% !1'!
'0! ! !' 1 '!% " *
0A And you Kwankwasiyya supporters should know that politics is full of perfection just like everyone has a home in politics and
political fight is not a personal fight '$ '0 6 0 '!% /' F* You
Kwankwasiyya adherents ought to-
Page 7 of 22
know that politics is full of strategies. Being that everyone has a political home, politics
should not be a dirty game or battle ground for personal attacks '! 6
0F%"' ''=
* 1!1 '!'
' F ' 6%
6!* ' Jogora Jogara
''0'mentor. 0
Mu Sali,;for example:* 1'!
'F'''%
"0'@'#'00
!'1 '1!%*'
+"H":/,'/'
*N!01'!%'!
''0F*%6!
0'
remember 1 F*% !
0* Rijiyar F
+'Zaki'Lion,
'%!''$''0'
' %
*0'8/''$'0
*Kwangilarcontractor '
'0N'%*''*
polygamy bearing of many children *
'!'1 '%6!0ASad individuals
in their heart '06F%!'
1 '0'!'!
!F* A grief will fill your hearts, '
'%1'repeat hold !
* witness cater ' !N!'
'0+'*:1'!,
Page 8 of 22
F'0' =!''
'%
60'B request
F*asking *'!!'0
%*
ku F* your. *'
F +,1
' Dan Alma’jiri +0'
0'F, 1! the son of a students * N
' 0 ' '0 ' % 6!
Allah''/God 1
!%1'!*
'''0'%*
affairs + F*,situation ''
'* completion preparation:
%"''1':'=* =
1'!'0'6:F*%
*0' 1'!
1 Ni ai For me. 6problem
* 'confrontation F*. *
illiterate ignorant! '%"'
1'! They declared themselves as
human right activistsF* '*
60''%6single'giving up ''!
' * F
'!'1 '%
6.2 Table 2: Arabic Discourses
*@ 0' ' *
F*%*!0'%
Page 9 of 22
Excerpt
Number
Original Text MT Version Revised Translation (RT)
Excerpt 1
.
""!
' %.$' %
7 " !
'
' %.J
$+, %
Excerpt 2 !"#$%&
' '()*:
+" +,- + . /("
012",3 45 0+, + 5
6"78 09" '- 45"
: / 5; +" 04,(
4, ,<
* ! '!
A''
' 4'
4' !
!
!
!%
*! '!
A '
'
4'!
0'
%
'%
Excerpt 3 8 +=
>
%-8 #(6"
7 ? ( ' %-8
7 !
OF!
!%
$+!,
! !'' +
' ! ', O
F$!'
%
Page 10 of 22
Excerpt 4 @"AB C8 + -8
D (# E#D: F"', '
GH8I J75
>+8KKLM(N>"OKP >>
M'P
>
EP >&
KH>>FK: MJM>P >+8K7P K*>QN>N
2>"
M
EMM&
MR8KS>8
>T> >
KN> +K
KU>NMN+++++++++++++ +
N
KN,>>
>
E> P
M1
N
MNO
VW8K>: ۥ
N
KKM'PK6
X
,K)P*X"M/>*
:
'
M ?
!
'
%
:
$ '
='=
M
? 4 +
$$,
+ ,
'!
!
'+,/
% "/
'%
Excerpt 5 TF* ;F 3,Y ' Z)
%-80[# ( [\ 08:
.,"0H( /( [#
G, ' ]* H#Q [#
! ' 6$ % 6
#6" 1
/!1%/A"
'
' !
M
!'6$?
6:"/!
1% / A "
' +
,
(+?N!
,M
Page 11 of 22
Page 12 of 22
Page 13 of 22
" 0' 2 ' ' ' *
F'= =6
%*1'! !F* '!='
!'1 '=60%"'1'!
'an innovator '
being creative ' '0!
polytheism trap =!%
*0'@'
!'1 '''0''
* ' 0 6% !
'F* F06
'!'1 '0'
'%6'1'!0'
9 ' '0! foresight jurisprudence. *
1'!= ' = 6
A 9 '- ' jurisprudence insight
' !% ' 0' 1'
; mentioning remembering, 4,(^ good beautiful
4, right path way. * 1' 0 '0
!!*%
0'8 1'! *
8, syntactician +'!',Arab '!
F'!6%"
'6''!
F* $ ' 0 * % * 1'!
0' _7a sinner ' '0
guilty.
* 0' 1'!
E#D' '0! companions =
owners = !*%'1'
''0'L' %
'' *AAllah repented to the Prophet 6'>&
Page 15 of 22
`KP >>M'P >
EP 0'!'*!'
!'1 ' '1 '!'
F*0'!Allah has forgiven the Prophet. *'
F ' +, '
forgiveness'!+?,*
repent. -'1'1
''10%"*
''#'0'F*'=
'#'0 !%*'*$F*
1''0'%
*0'0''1'!
0' *;F 'Professor ! Doctor '!
' ProfessorN!'
01'!'%'
''''?
?in the Mosque of the Holy Mosque !F
6'F*A An
Imam in the Holy Mosque%'scientists
'/( '!'0scholars. *
1'! A scientists scholars
/(, '0''
''!F%*1'!
!0%-*0!was
F*'0!is =being
''!' 6%
6.3 Table 3: Yoruba2 Discourses
-0'.
* F* 0' '
%*!1'
'1 '!'1 '%
27$'$* 0'%
Page 16 of 22
Page 17 of 22
Excerpt
Number
Original Text MT Version Revised Translation (RT)
Excerpt 1 PQ4QR$4PPEESTUQS
T$S$TU%7QRPVVTRSWS4P
PPW!STU%XESEQRP5QRVTR
PTU$PQEPE!Y4T%
!4'
' % *!
$ $% *
!$$$!
'%
" ! 4PP
':%
*! $%
" ! $ $
!'%
Excerpt 2 7QR Z[\ TR $E P] !P
PYZ%P$EZQUQUESZY
Z$PYSSVTRQP%
*!!5!%
4'!5'
!''$%
"!'
'
%*4'!:
!'$%
Excerpt 3 ]$]^$^QPPQRPQ%
_P\4TPW]]EY!WPP\4TP
W][[]$QEQZ4YY4W$[$]$]P
TR%
' ! % *
$'!
'!
%
! !
% * $
''
'N%
Excerpt 4 *PTS`QRPEPQaZP
bE cUSb P \ 4T W]QU$E P
TU$SEQU#[#4PTR$PTQU
PZW[d4^QRPTU%
"! #' b
'b' "
! $
45 %
" ! E .E
"4 ' !
"!$
'd4^QR %
Excerpt 5 _Q$^SEQUQUSEQRQQR%eW
]PQU$]$]^4EQ $TTRTTU
Q%
*'%
$!%
*!%$
'
'%
Page 18 of 22
*0' 2 ' '0 '
bàbáfather !*copper ' !
'%6*:oko,
farmland, husband ''''
'#:%*'
F6%*
ìyálẹ?ta noon dusk ' *: 0
1'!!'1 '%! 0'
01'!*:4' short,
díẹ?''06%
" 0' @ ! * ' 0 '
untranslatability *'#''0%*0'
F*;' 1 ':0' '6
* %"''!
1F0
6%
*0'01'!*'#''0
' ''% ? '#''
!';'1 ':
!0'%*' '
!*N'1'%
-0'B 1'! 0 ! cart '#
'' gaàri%Cart '0!'!
06N'$*1%'
*:ilẹ? káàrọ?-oò-jíireall over the world' !F*
Yoruba land% *F''
'0'%*
"0'1'!*:
Ọmọkùnrin'male child boy child !%*'
*'!'
F06%**!
Page 19 of 22
0%!'* '0
6FN'$1%
7.0 Findings
!/'*10'
6'0F6%6
1'!''6'
* ! F*% '
1'! * ' / ' '0
!'!''=
=F'%
$'' 0''1!
* 0*: ' '0%"
' *!!'
!'0
6%'! * 1
' 6 F '
''6F'
'%
*'!0'0'!
''%7*'1
+ F* ,''!'6
'''0!
'F!6%
8.0 Conclusion
*''' 6*
'' ! ! % *
0 ! ' 0#'
' %'!!
' * ' ' '
0'1'
'+'!'0',%7''!
''0!*1
Page 20 of 22
' !' 1 ' ' ' '
0/'%
9.0 Recommendation
*'''*
!N
1 ' % * ! ' '
6'78%9!* 1'
'% ''78%9!'
'!; '7
''' '!:+
@99C%f,%*'!*!
:'''!'0
''1 '%
References
%H%+@923,%Web 3.0 and Its Reflections on the Future of E-Learning. ''
I6''B+@,A%223#2@@%
(-%-)F%g?%+@99>,%Web 3.0: Merging Semantic Web with Social Web.
F %'%92<9f<@9@2%
! % +@92@,% Dynamic Equivalence and Formal Correspondence in Translation
between Chinese and English. "I/6'6''
@+2@,A%@B@#@BC%
-%+@92C,% A Comparative Study of Nida and Newmark’s Translation Theories.
"I6'6''3+f,A%82#8>%
" K%+2>>f,%Lexical Gaps: A Contrastive View. "*!.%+%,%Translation across
Cultures. A?'%
%+@9@2,%Nida’s Translation Theory of “FunctionalEquivalence” and Its Application in
ChineseHerbal Medicine Translation. '!6!>A%22#23A6''
F'?%
.%/%g(?%6%(%+@99>,%Machine Translation for Academic Purposes. ?'
"('*6*@99>%288#2Bf%
$?%+2>f2,%Approaches to Translation%0A?%
%%+2>GB,%Toward a Science of Translating%A%I%%
hhhhhhh+2>C3,%Language, Structure and Translation. 6A6?%
hhhhhhh+2>fB,% Approaches to Translating in the Western World% " Foreign Language
Teaching and Research%%@%28%
%%g(F%*%+2>G>,%The Theory and Practice of Translation%AI%%
6 F%%+2>>9,%Dimensions of Applied Linguistics. !A(""%
hhhhhhh+2>>2,% In Making of Indian Literature: A Consolidated report of Workshop on
Literary Translation, 1986-1989!?$+%,A6!$%
Page 21 of 22