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Publications (96)
Harold C. Conklin (1926-2016) is without doubt one of the key figures in ethnobotany and environmental anthropology. His work is admired for, among other qualities, its precision and its level of « fine description ». In particular, his pioneering studies on shifting cultivation have changed the general perspective on this way of land use. His Ethn...
In this article, we document how four indigenous peoples in insular Southeast Asia (Indonesia and the Philippines) have reacted to external interventions and discuss to what extent climate change has been a factor in the adjustment of their way of life. All groups share a similar environment, that is tropical low land rainforest. However, their tra...
We investigated the factors facilitating co-occurrence of two large carnivores, tigers (Panthera tigris) and common leopards (Panthera pardus), within a human-dominated landscape. We estimated their density and population size using camera-trap photographs and examined spatial segregation of habitats, temporal activity pattern, and diets in Chitwan...
Buffer zones around parks/reserves are designed to maintain ecological integrity and to ensure community participation in biodiversity conservation. We studied the fund utilization pattern of buffer zone programs, mitigation measures practiced, and attitudes of residents in buffer zone programs of Chitwan National Park, Nepal. The buffer zone commi...
Wildlife attacks on humans and economic losses often result in reduced support of local communities for wildlife conservation. Information on spatial and temporal patterns of such losses in the highly affected areas contribute in designing and implementing effective mitigation measures. We analyzed the loss of humans, livestock and property caused...
Semi-structured questionnaire used to record the detail information on the livestock depredation cases.
(PDF)
Amount in USD released in each year for different types of losses by the buffer zone program and Nepal Government over the years.
(PDF)
The global lion (Panthera leo) population decline is partly a result of retaliatory killing in response to livestock depredation. Nairobi National Park (NNP) is a small protected area in Kenya surrounded by a human-dominated landscape. Communities around the park use flashlights to deter lions from their livestock bomas. We investigated the respons...
Annual mean rainfall (mm) correlation with total number of annual livestock depredation cases by lions from 2007–2015 at southern part of NNP.
The higher the rainfall, the more predations.
(TIF)
The livestock herd size, number of attack and cases without attack.
(DOCX)
Participants’ opinion on how to resolve human-lion conflicts.
(DOCX)
Complementary predation defense deployed by the livestock owners at night based on the 2016 interviews.
(DOCX)
Singing is the most important element of the traditional music culture on Siberut, the largest of the Mentawai Islands (West Sumatra, Indonesia). There are various types of songs on the island. Some of them are related to the world of spirits and ancestors. These are mainly sung by shamans during healing ceremonies and rituals. Other songs are made...
This book is a compilation of policy analyses on shifting cultivation throughout South and Southeast Asia. It is hoped that the availability of these analyses of past and present policies will help governments to formulate better informed policies towards shifting cultivation, that will ultimately contribute to both poverty reduction amongst upland...
We analyzed characteristics of the problem-causing tigers in Chitwan National Park (Nepal) to determine if specific groups or individuals in the source population have higher probability to get involved in conflicts with humans. From 2007 to 2016 we identified a total of 22 such tigers including 13 that killed humans, six serial livestock killers a...
We analyzed characteristics of the problem-causing tigers in Chitwan National Park
(Nepal) to determine if specific groups or individuals in the source population have higher
probability to get involved in conflicts with humans. From 2007 to 2016 we identified a
total of 22 such tigers including 13 that killed humans, six serial livestock killers a...
Grazing livestock in openly accessible areas is a common practice in the multiple-use forests of India; however, its compatibility with the reintroduction of tigers to these areas requires examination. Here, we investigated the diet of tigers in a livestock-dominated multiple-use buffer zone of the Panna Tiger Reserve, India. We hypothesised that t...
Compensation amounts paid to livestock owners by PTR management between 2009 and 2014.
(JPG)
Coefficients for analysis (1) Zone, (2) Village, (3) Prey age, (4) Prey Sex, (5) Water and (6) Scat and Kill.
(DOCX)
Climate, geography, vegetation and the practice of Anna Pratha in the study area.
(DOCX)
Details of data analysis.
(DOCX)
The influence of tiger-specific (sex, age group), environmental (seasons, photoperiod) and anthropogenic (human use regimes) factors on the movements and spatial distribution of tigers using the human-dominated buffer zone of the Panna Tiger Reserve, India was studied. Generalised linear mixed models were used to test the significance of the relati...
The case presented in this paper is a unique situation of livestock pastoralists, living in the buffer zone of Panna Tiger Reserve in India, displaying unusually high tolerance towards large carnivores in spite offrequent predation incidents. The researchers dissect the case, examine local people’s practices anddraw attentionto factors influencing...
The islands in the delta of the Mahakam River in East Kalimantan have for a very long time been of little interest to anybody. It was a hostile environment for human settlement, exploitable resources were limited and nobody could think of options for alternative forms of land use. The area was classified as ‘marginal or empty land’.
Things started...
Increased attention for indigenous rights in relation to nature conservation has in the Philippines resulted in legislation formalizing indigenous peoples' participation in protected area management. We discuss the implementation of this legislation, based on the case of the Agta inhabiting the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park. The Agta are hunte...
The study was conducted to compare species richness and diversity in different ecosystems and abiotic factors. The results showed that the sacred groves had a plant genetic diversity composed of a total of 42, 65 and 82 ethno-botanical species of herbs, shrubs and trees, respectively, with varied qualities. There were six herbaceous species common...
Soil nutrient depletion is a major constraint in agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa. A study was conducted in the Western Highlands of Cameroon to assess soil nutrient balance and identify household and farm characteristics influencing soil nutrient balance using the procedures outlined in the NUTMON Tool-box. This is based on the asses...
Agarwood, also called eaglewood, is a very important non-timber forest product from the rainforests of Southeast Asia. The infected wood of the Aquilaria sp. is widely used to produce incense for religious ceremonies or for pleasure but it can also be used for making perfumes or medicinal wine.Due to its high price, the harvesting of agarwood from...
There is increasing international recognition of indigenous peoples’ right to influence development activities in their territories. Free, Prior and Informed Consent is the strongest available instrument to assert this right, and this article provides a case study on its implementation in the northeastern Philippines. Under the Indigenous Peoples’...
Effective communication is essential for community-based conservation. But communicating with people living in remote rural areas is often challenging. We used video and photo cameras as a tool to facilitate a dialogue about the conservation of the critically endangered Philippine Crocodile. People made videos and photos about their experiences wit...
This booklet is the collection of reports by Philippine and international students from Isabela State University and Leiden University in the Netherlands during their training and fieldwork on sustainable development in the Philippines in 2012.
What are valid arguments to protect the Philippine crocodile in the wild? And how are we to explain the normative foundations of biodiversity conservation to rural communities in the developing world? Conservationists mainly rely on economic values to justify in situ wildlife conservation. In this article, we argue that these utilitarian reasons ar...
Illegal logging is a threat to biodiversity and rural livelihoods in the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, the largest protected area in the Philippines. Every year between 20,000 and 35,000 cu. m wood is extracted from the park. The forestry service and municipal governments tolerate illegal logging in the protected area; government officials ar...
Crocodiles have an image problem in the Philippines. In mainstream Filipino society crocodiles are considered dangerous man-eaters, and compared with corrupt government officials or selfish basketball players. It is often argued that these negative public attitudes towards crocodiles make in-situ crocodile conservation impossible in the Philippines...
Agarwood, also known as eaglewood or gaharu, is a valuable non-timber forest product which sometimes grows in Aquilaria species. The genus species occur mainly in South and Southeast Asia. As a result of a defense mechanism to fend off pathogenes,
Aquilaria species develop agarwood which can be used for incense, perfume, and traditional medicines....
For generations, rattan has been an integral part of the culture of the people in the Philippines. After 1970s, the rattan sector grew as a major commercial enterprise with many impressive achievements: hundreds of thousands of workers involved in various stages of the production-consumption system; consumption of over 200 million linear meters of...
Agarwood is the infected wood of the Aquilaria tree. Called 'the wood of the Gods', its uses range from incense for religious ceremonies, perfume for the Arabic world, medicinal wine in Korea and ornamental functions in China. As a healthy tree the Aquilaria is worth next to nothing, but wounded its defence mechanisms produce agarwood and the tree...
In the literature, the term forest patches generally refers to a diversity of habitats and management conditions, ranging from patches of trees in pastures, gallery forest along creeks, and lines of trees along field boundaries to managed forests and large fragments of primary forests. It includes both forest remnants and remnant forests. As oppose...
Indonesia and the Philippines are amongst the world’s mega-biodiversity countries. Their insular nature has certainly contributed to this level of diversity. However, at the same time, there is rapid environmental degradation in terms of forest loss, loss of plant and animal species and overexploitation of wildlife. Insular Southeast Asia, with a p...
ABSTRACT The paper describes some recent developments with respect to logging operations and the tourist industry on the island of Siberut (West Sumatra, Indonesia). It discusses these developments from the perspective of the notions of equitable access and benefit sharing and prior informed consent. These are often referred to as basic principles...
In this contribution we present an overview of the way various disciplines have dealt with the study of islands focusing on the way anthropologists view island societies and cultures. We use the chain of islands off the west coast of Sumatra as an example. The cultures or societies of this chain of islands show remarkable differences, which are rar...
The establishment of the Aru Tenggara Marine Reserve (eastern Indonesia) is a new element in the traditional and present day use and management of the marine resources in the area. This article discusses the exploitation of that environment by different groups, including local people as well as various kinds of outsiders who are attracted to the ex...
This article deals with the importance of ethnicity in the depletion of the forest resources in the Sierra Madre (northeast Luzon, Philippines). It argues that the ethnically highly diverse population living on the forest edge shows little variation in the exploitation of available resources. All ethnic groups seem to be engaged in the same kind of...
"Stellingen": 1 p. inserted. Thesis (doctoral)--Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden, 1994. Includes bibliographical references (p. [425]-443).
Indonesia is expanding its agricultural land by converting swamp forests into rice fields in an effort to increase rice production and to make “waste lands” productive. Rice as a food product is being compared with sago, which is grown in the same environment but with completely different ecological consequences. Ecological and ideological argument...
During the recent Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (February 2004, Kuala Lumpur) Indonesia, Sabah as part of Malaysia, and the Philippines signed an agreement to jointly manage and protect the Sulu-Sulawesi Marine Ecoregion, a shared area of more 1 million km2 with an outstanding marine biodiversity. The agreement was...
- Timothy P. Barnard, Raja Ali Haji, Di dalam berkekalan persahabatan: ‘In everlasting friendship’; Letters from Raja Ali Haji, edited by Jan van der Putten and Al Azhar. Semaian 13. Leiden: Department of Languages and Cultures of Southeast Asia and Oceania, 1995, 292 + x pp., maps. - Robert Blust, L. Smits, Irian Jaya source materials, no. 5, seri...
- Henri J.M. Claessen, Ross H. Cordy, A study of prehistoric social change: The development of complex societies in the Hawaiian Islands, New York: Academic Press, 1981, 274 pp., Maps, ills., index, Appendices. - Th. van den End, C. Guillot, L’affaire Sadrach. Un essai de christianisation à Java au XIXe siècle. Editions de la Maison des Sciences de...
nr. 35: themanummer Anthropology of the Future. (217 pp.)
