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Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for Environmental Safety - Volume II: Biological Agents and Methods for Industrial Waste Management

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Achieving environmental sustainability with rapid industrialization is currently a major global challenge. Industries are the key economic drivers, but are also the main polluters as untreated/partially treated effluents from industry are usually discharged into the aquatic environment or dumped. Industrial effluents often contain highly toxic and hazardous pollutants, which cause ecological damage and present and health hazards to living beings. As such, there is a pressing need to find ecofriendly solutions to deal with industrial waste, and to develop sustainable methods for treating/detoxifying waste before it’s released into the environment. As a low cost and eco-friendly clean technology, bioremediation can offer a sustainable alternative to conventional remediation technologies for the treatment and management of industrial wastes. This book (Volume II) describes the role of biological agents in the degradation and detoxification of organic and inorganic pollutants in industrial wastes, and presents recent bioremediation approaches for waste treatment and management, such as constructed wetlands, electro- bioremediation and nano-bioremediation, as well as microbial fuel cells. It appeals to students, researchers, scientists, industry professionals and experts in the field of microbiology, biotechnology, environmental sciences, eco-toxicology, environmental remediation and waste management and other relevant areas who are interested in biodegradation and bioremediation of industrial wastes for environmental safety.
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© 2020
Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for Environmental
Safety
Volume II: Biological Agents and Methods for Industrial Waste
Management
Editors: Bharagava, Ram Naresh, Saxena, Gaurav (Eds.)
Free Preview
Elucidates the status and nature of industrial waste problem across industries.
Discuses new approaches of industrial waste management via bioremediation and phytoremediation.
Detailed account of successfully utilised green technologies in the industrial waste management
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Article
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Bioelectroremediation technology (BERT) is a new age greener technology which is currently been heavily studied for treatment of persistent industrial effluents such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), perchloroethylene (PCE), perchlorate, nitrate and petroleum hydrocarbon (PHs) along with simultaneous generation of bioenergy. The focus of this review paper is on these industrial effluents because many of these effluents are toxic in nature and through contaminated water, soil or sediment enter the food chain and start to bioaccumulate thereby entering living organisms and causing severe fatal diseases. While PAHs and nitrates are major contaminant of both water and soil but their removal efficiency through BERT is much more in water sample than from soil samples, studies have shown that perchlorate and nitrate are usually co-contaminants and perchlorate, PCE and PHs are much more prevalent groundwater contaminant with good removal efficiency of these contaminants and simultaneous bioelectricity generation through BERT. Therefore, this review paper focus on role of microbial community structure as a biocatalyst in BERT along with a in-depth review of bioelectroremediation process for industrial effluent treatment involved in removing diverse pollutants integrated with energy generation from fundamentals, challenges, and future prospective dimensions.
Article
The present study investigated the copper tolerance and bioremediation potential of endophytic bacteria because endophytic bacteria are the most common bacterial strains associated with heavy metal bioremediation. The acute toxic effects of copper on living organisms were determined using two endophytic bacterial species, Bacillus sp. and Streptomyces griseus (S. griseus). After 4 days of acute toxicity test, changes in metal and bacteria concentrations in water, inhibition (%), bioaccumulation rate, and bioconcentration factors were evaluated. According to the evaluations, cell weights decreased, and inhibition rate (%) increased with increasing metal concentration after a certain level (10 mg=L Cu). With increasing metal concentrations from 5 to 25 mg=L, biosorption efficiency decreased from 35.94% to 20.73% for S. griseus and from 56.36% to 34.47% for Bacillus sp. The bioaccumulation quantities increased with increasing metal concentrations for both species. Based on the present findings, it is concluded that Bacillus sp. and S. griseus are suitable candidates for the bioremediation of copper ions from contaminated environments. These endophytic bacteria use hyperaccumulating plants for more effective bioremediation of heavy metals.
Article
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Article
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Article
Full-text available
The detection of heavy metal ions is becoming increasingly important for environmental monitoring and personal safety protection. Owing to their large surface area and suitable conductivity, metal oxide semiconductor nanocrystals have been utilized in chemically modified electrodes for the rapid and low-cost detection of heavy metal ions. However, their sensitivity and selectivity for cadmium ion (Cd2+) detection still remains a challenge. Here, a method of ultra-sensitive and selective Cd2+ detection based on WO3-nanocrystal-modified electrodes is proposed and demonstrated. Colloidal WO3 nanocrystals were synthesized via a solvothermal route and then deposited onto a carbon electrode using a spin-coating method, forming the modification layer at room temperature. The WO3-nanocrystal-modified electrodes exhibit a remarkable signal transduction capability that converts Cd2+ adsorption into current output signals. The peak current was linear to the logarithm of the Cd2+ concentration from 1 nM to 10,000 nM when measured using the anodic stripping voltammetry method. The selectivity mechanism was studied and attributed to the high adsorption energy of cadmium on WO3 compared to other heavy metal ions. Employment of WO3 for a high-performance Cd2+-selective electrode opens many opportunities in portable ion-detection applications.
Subashchandrabose Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science and Information Technology
  • R Suresh
Suresh R. Subashchandrabose Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science and Information Technology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales (NSW), Australia