Fabio Dominio

University of Padova | UNIPD · Department of Information Engineering

Automatic gaze estimation not based on commercial and expensive eye tracking hardware solutions can enable several applications in the fields of human computer interaction (HCI) and human behavior analysis. It is therefore not surprising that several related techniques and methods have been investigated in recent years. However, very few camera-bas...

This chapter uses the camera virtualization approach to offer a unified treatment of various structured light depth cameras. Readers will learn how these cameras can differ in characteristics like number of cameras, baseline, position of the projector, and projected patterns. We also present fundamentals of illuminator design, the most critical com...

Segmentation, or detecting scene elements within an image, can be drastically simplified by combining depth and color data. This approach delivers segmentation tools which outperform techniques based on color alone. This chapter shows how consumer depth camera data can be used for three different tasks. The first is video matting, the separation of...

Human pose estimation and tracking is one of the most intriguing yet challenging applications of consumer depth cameras. After an overview of common human hand and body models, we introduce approaches for pose recovery from a single frame, starting from the popular method based on Random Decision Forests proposed by Shotton et al. and used for the...

Automatic gesture recognition has enjoyed broad interest in academics and industry, thanks to its practical applications from videogames to “smart” cameras to natural interfaces with computers. This task, although treated by a vast literature, is still an open problem. Earlier solutions typically leveraged color information from a standard camera,...

Color and depth imaging systems, including ToF and structured light depth cameras, require photometric and geometric calibration before being used for measurements. This chapter first formalizes calibration for generic imaging devices. Then, it considers the calibration of standard cameras, providing practical solutions to the problem of calibratin...

Because data from depth cameras are usually noisier and possess lower resolution than data from standard cameras, combining them leads to more accurate 3D representations than those provided by depth cameras alone. What’s more, the higher resolution of standard cameras can be used to obtain higher resolution depth maps. The first part of this chapt...

All current ToF depth camera products in the market are based on the In-Pixel Photo-Mixing Devices technology. This chapter introduces operations of continuous wave homodyne amplitude modulation systems within In-Pixel devices both for sinusoidal and square wave modulation cases. The chapter details various implementation issues affecting the pract...

Obtaining a 3D model of the world around us is a challenging task but consumer depth cameras are poised to make 3D reconstruction available to everyone. The distinct characteristics of data provided by these cameras require a rethinking of the algorithms and procedures for 3D reconstruction, since 3D modeling from consumer depth camera data require...

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the key technologies and applications related to new cameras that have brought 3D data acquisition to the mass market. It covers both the theoretical principles behind the acquisition devices and the practical implementation aspects of the computer vision algorithms needed for the various applications....

Novel 3D acquisition devices like depth cameras and the Leap Motion have recently reached the market. Depth cameras allow to obtain a complete 3D description of the framed scene while the Leap Motion sensor is a device explicitly targeted for hand gesture recognition and provides only a limited set of relevant points. This paper shows how to jointl...

The recent introduction of novel acquisition devices like the Leap Motion and the Kinect allows to obtain a very informative description of the hand pose that can be exploited for accurate gesture recognition. This paper proposes a novel hand gesture recognition scheme explicitly targeted to Leap Motion data. An ad-hoc feature set based on the posi...

Depth data acquired by current low-cost real-time depth cameras provide a more informative description of the hand pose that can be exploited for gesture recognition purposes. Following this rationale, this paper introduces a novel hand gesture recognition scheme based on depth information. The hand is firstly extracted from the acquired data and d...

Depth data acquired by consumer depth cameras provide a very informative description of the hand pose that can be exploited for accurate gesture recognition. A typical hand gesture recognition pipeline requires to identify the hand, extract some relevant features and exploit a suitable machine learning technique to recognize the performed gesture....

Automatic hand gesture recognition is a challenging problem that is attaining a growing interest due to its applications in natural interfaces for human-machine interaction, automatic sign-language recognition, computer gaming, robotics and healthcare. This chapter briefly reviews existing approaches for automatic hand gesture recognition and propo...

In this work an effective face detector based on the well-known Viola–Jones algorithm is proposed. A common issue in face detection is that for maximizing the face detection rate a low threshold is used for classifying as face an input image, but at the same time using a low threshold drastically increases the number of false positives. In this pap...

In this work an effective face detector based on the well-known Viola-Jones algorithm is proposed. A common issue in face detection is that for maximizing the face detection rate a low threshold is used for classifying as face an input image, but at the same time using a low threshold drastically increases the number of false positives. In this pap...

Depth data acquired by current low-cost real-time depth cameras provide a very informative description of the hand pose, that can be effectively exploited for gesture recognition purposes. This paper introduces a novel hand gesture recognition scheme based on depth data. The hand is firstly extracted from the acquired depth maps with the aid also o...

This chapter focuses on how segmentation robustness can be improved by 3D scene geometry provided by stereo vision systems, as they are simpler and relatively cheaper than most of current range cameras. In fact, two inexpensive cameras arranged in a rig are often enough to obtain good results. Another noteworthy characteristic motivating the choice...