Esmaile Shakman

University of Tripoli | UOT · Department of zoology

This paper presents the first record of two native Mediterranean cymothoid species caught attached to introduced Lessepsian rabbitfishes. This is also the first record of cymothoids from the coastal waters of Libya. Anilocra physodes was collected from Siganus luridus while Nerocila bivittata was found on both Siganus rivulatus and S. luridus. Rabb...

Libya has the longest coastline in the southern Mediterranean Sea, which is distinguished by the diversity of habitats and marine species; chondrichthyans are one component of this diversity. They are vulnerable to overexploitation due to their reproduction pattern and are generally regarded as a few resilient species. A total of 59 Elasmobranchs b...

This work presents refined, updated subregional and regional non-indigenous species (NIS) inventories for the Mediterranean Sea, validated by national and taxonomic experts, with species records observed until December 2020. These datasets will be used as the baselines for the implementation of the Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Programme for...

This work presents refined, updated subregional and regional non-indigenous species (NIS) inventories for the Mediterranean Sea, validated by national and taxonomic experts, with species records observed until December 2020. These datasets will be used as the baselines for the implementation of the Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Programme for...

Fish parasites are considered as a part of marine biodiversity worldwide and it is very important to know the native and invasive species in Libyan waters to be included in the Libyan marine biodiversity database. Here we investigate fish parasites in alien barracudas, Sphyraena flavicauda and S. chrysotaenia, which entered the Mediterranean throug...

Isopoda parasites are arthropods that infect different marine fishes, this study was carried out between January 2017 to March 2021, aimed to identify the parasites in some fishes caught from the western coast of Libya, a total of 345 individuals of nine different fishes, were collected from Tripoli coast namely: Diplodus annularis Linnaeus, 1758,...

Isopoda parasites are arthropods that infect different marine fishes, this study was carried out between January 2017 to March 2021, aimed to identify the parasites in some fishes caught from the western coast of Libya, a total of 345 individuals of nine different fishes, were collected from Tripoli coast namely: Diplodus annularis Linnaeus, 1758,...

A total of 29 species of invasive aliens in the flora of Libya have been documented, which belong to 13 families, of which 12 families are dicotyledons, and only one family is monocotyledons with three genera with one species each. The dominant families are Asteraceae with seven species, followed by Amaranthaceae with five species. Life form analys...

This study presents an inventory of the marine Mollusca species in Libya and aims at identifying the diversity of them along the Libyan coast, as well as collecting the information about the distribution by using unpublished data of scientific surveys and technical reports as well as samples which were collected along the Libyan coast during two pe...

The Mediterranean Large Elasmobranchs Monitoring (MEDLEM) database contains over 3000 records (more than 4000 individuals) of large elasmobranch species from 20 different countries around the Mediterranean and Black seas, observed from 1666 to 2017. The main species included in the archive are the devil fish (1 813 individuals), the basking shark (...

A total of 370 Mustelus mustelus have been collected monthly, directly from fishermen at the western coast of Libya (South Mediterranean) between November 2015 and December 2016. Each individual was measured, weighted, dissected to investigate the growth, age determination and spawning season. The largest fish was 168 cm, this size is considered th...

A total of 269 individuals of Mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus, 1758) were provided through monthly collection by fishermen from the western coast of Libya (South Mediterranean) between November 2015 and November 2016. Each specimen was measured, weighed and dissected to investigate the food and feeding habits. Teleosts were the most important prey of M...

The original marine fisheries catch reconstructions for all countries and territories (or islands) surrounding the Mediterranean Sea for the years 1950 to 2010 were here updated for most entities to 2015, 2016 or 2017, then carried forward to 2018 using statistics from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The exception...

Libya has paid a great interest in the conservation of biodiversity and natural resources, as real wealth, source of food, medicine, and source of energy. This country has a large area with multiple patterns of different landscapes, environments, and ecosystems. Therefore, many legislation and regulations been issued aimed to protect the natural ec...

Growth, age and reproduction of the Black scorpionfish Scorpaena porcus linnaeus, 1758 (Pisces scorpaenidae) have been studied; a total of 551 fishes were collected from western coast of libya from march 2012 to april 2013. The total length ranged from 10.2 to 24.8 cm and the total weight from 25.7 to 289.6 gm. The sex ratio of females to males was...

Here we provide an updated review of both native and non-indigenous ichthyofauna occurring in the waters of Libya, one of the largest and less studied marine areas of the Mediterranean basin. With respect to the most recent information, the list of Libyan bony fishes was updated with 104 species for a total of 304 listed taxa. Out of these species,...

The number of marine alien species in Libyan waters has increased from 63 (known until the end of 2013) to 73 in the present study. This work deals with the present status, distribution and characteristics of marine alien species and their impacts along the coast of Libya, almost 2000 km long. The highest percentage was fishes (32.88%), followed by...

Abstract These studies were carried out to investigate some biological parameters of the saddled bream O. melanura in Tripoli coast from May 2015 to April 2016. The total length of all specimens ranged from 127 to 261 mm. Males were mostly dominant in small length while females in large length. Sex ratio was 1:1.45 in favour of females. The percent...

Summary. Libya has paid a great interest in the conservation of biodiversity and natural resources, as real wealth, source of food, medicine, and source of energy. This country has a large area with multiple patterns of different landscapes, environments, and ecosystems. Therefore, many legislation and regulations been issued aimed to protect the n...

Seven first records of species of various origins are reported from the Libyan marine environment. These are the Longfin yellowtail Seriola rivoliana, Lesser amberjack Seriola fasciata, Blunthead puffer Sphoeroides pachygaster, Golani round herring Etrumeus golanii, Blue swimmer crab Portunus segnis, Bigfin reef squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana, and t...

One male and one female specimen of tiger shark, Galeocerdo cuvier (Péron & Lesueur, 1822), were accidentally caught by a drifting longline for swordfish in the south Mediterranean (Libyan waters). This finding confirms beyond any doubt that the tiger shark may be encountered in the waters of the Mediterranean Sea. Although records of this species...

A total of 394 fish have been collected from the red scorpionfish Scorpaena scrofa monthly, from fishermen in the Western Region of Libya (Tripoli), in the period, from February 2010 to January 2011, some measurements have been taken; to know the food and feeding behavior. The results have showed that, the bony fish 48.02% is the most important for...

Local Ecological Knowledge of 92 professional fishers from Tunisia and Libya was used to investigate the occurrence and establishment of the exotic Hemiramphus far and Saurida lessepsianus along the southern Mediterranean coasts. According to fisherman's knowledge, H. far and S. lessepsianus appeared in Libya in 1980 and 1989, respectively. In Tuni...

Seventy two specimens of the Halfbeak Fish were collected by trammel net from the eastern region of the Libyan coast (Tubruk) (32°03’834’’N, 23°59’032’’E /), at a depth 4-6 m, in water temperature of 18.1°C above a rocky bottom. For identification, the characters given by GOLANI et al. (2002) were used. Ten individuals from the samples were immedia...

Biological aspects of Scorpaena scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 in the western Libyan coast Salwa Shahrani and Esmail Shakman* *zoology department – Tripoli university, Tel. +218922761703, E. mail: shugmanism@yahoo.com Abstract A total of 394 of Red Scorpionfish Scorpaena scrofa were monthly col¬lected from fishermen in the Western Region of Libya (T...

This study was carried out along the Libyan coast from February 2005 to March 2006. A total of 1,511 fishing boats of four types were observed: 64.26 % were “flouka”, 24.09 % “mator”, 6.88 % “lampara ” and 4.77 % “batah”. Most of them were concentrated in the western region (58.64%). The most common fishing gear used in the coastal area is the tram...

The Lessepsian invasive fish, Lagocephalus suezensis was recorded for the first time in the eastern part of the Libyan coast, adding a new invasive species to the 16 Lessepsian species recorded in the Libyan waters.

The stomach contents, feeding habits and seasonality of two Erythrean herbivorous Siganid fish species were studied along the Libyan coast. In total, 253 specimens of Siganus rivulatus from the eastern region, and 394 specimens of S. luridus from the western region were collected by trammel nets. Siganus luridus fed with more or less the same inten...

Some biological aspects of two siganid fish species from the Libyan coast were studied in terms of morphometry, age and growth. Two species were collected, between March 2005 and March 2006, comprising of 1,672 individuals of S. rivulatus from the eastern coastline and 1,756 individuals of S. luridus from the western coast and the Gulf of Sirt. The...

Background. The Lessepsian migrant ichthyofauna along the approximately 2000 km of the Libyan coastline has been poorly known. A comprehensive study, addressing this issue, was needed and therefore the presently reported research project is intended to close the gap, through identifying the fish species and assessing their dis tribution. Materials...

Background. The Lessepsian migrant ichthyofauna along the approximately 2000 km of the Libyan coastline has been poorly known. A comprehensive study, addressing this issue, was needed and therefore the presently reported research project is intended to close the gap, through identifying the fish species and assessing their distribution. Materials a...

Some biological aspects of two siganid fish species from the Libyan coast were studied in terms of morphometry, age and growth. Two species were collected, between March 2005 and March 2006, comprising of 1,672 individuals of S. rivulatus from the eastern coastline and 1,756 individuals of S. luridus from the western coast and the Gulf of Sirt. The...

SHAKMAN E. & R. KINZELBACH (2007): First record of the Sweeper fish, Pempheris vanicolensis Cuvier, 1821, on the eastern Libyan coast. Rostocker Meeresbiologische Beiträge 18: S. 79-81 Abstract. The Sweeper fish, Pempheris vanicolensis Cuvier, 1821, which is considered to belong to the Lessepsian marine fish species in the Mediterranean Sea, was fo...