Erwin Oh

Griffith University · Griffith Sciences

Gas storage in abandoned mines is one way to reuse waste space resources. The surrounding rock of gas storage reservoirs in underground roadways undergoes damage and deformation under the cyclic loading of gas charging and discharging, which can pose a risk to the safety of the reservoirs. This study establishes a true triaxial numerical model of r...

In the past decades, as the world has placed emphasis on green energy, solar energy has become a favorable option. Different piled foundations have been designed to strengthen the structure supporting the solar panels. These piled foundations include rectangular and circular hollow section piles, as well as H-shaped piles. With various environmenta...

Flexible and rigid pavements are commonly built for airport pavements to support the moving loads of aircraft during the pavement design life. At the planning stage, the pavement structure, materials, aircraft loads, environmental conditions, and pavement damage models should be evaluated. Comparing with road pavement design, airport pavement struc...

The study aims to develop proposed predictive formulas for determining the unconfined compression strength (UCS) of fly ash and cement stabilised clayey soil based on Multi-Gene Genetic Programming (MGGP) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques. Thirteen parameters, including the soil characteristics, the binder types, the binder contents, t...

There is currently a pressing need for rental housing to be built and the Build-to-Rent (BTR) market is growing to address such housing demands. Existing research focuses on the financial and planning aspects of existing BTR markets. However, more research is needed to clarify the responsibilities and strategies of key stakeholders to achieve succe...

Grooving on the runway is proven to improve frictional braking resistance and reduce the risk of hydroplaning during wet weather and maintain skid-resistant surfaces. Nonetheless, the runway grooves area deteriorates over time, and this groove closure is an outstanding distress that significantly diminishes grooves’ effectiveness. However, the degr...

The effects of cement dosage (percentage by dry soil weight) and initial moisture content (w o) on cement stabilized soft estuarine clay were investigated by effective integration of multi-quantitative analyses, including quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermalgravi-metric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) test and scanning electro...

The study of the mechanical properties between the pile and soil is limited when an enlarged head is added at the bottom of the pile foundation, which acts as anchor stabilization. This study investigates the blade pile foundation used in a solar panel project, which is subjected to lateral wind load action. The parametrical study is performed thro...

There has been growing research interests in the study of sustainable geomaterials to reduce or replace the use of cement to promote greener construction. A machine learning technique based on Bayesian inference was proposed in this study to predict the optimum strength gain in sustainable geomaterials as an alternative to preliminary investigation...

A bi-directional static load test (BDSLT) is one of the most effective methods for accurately 14 estimating pile bearing capacity, in which the test pile is divided into two portions by activating the 15 single-loading device welded along the pile shaft. BDSLT thus eliminates the safety concerns and 16 space limitations imposed by the reaction syst...

Swelling is one of the distresses that affect the pavement condition index (PCI) of airport runways. In northwest Queensland, swelling was observed in three different runways where sealed flexible pavement runways were deformed by the heaving of the expansive clay subgrades due to water intrusion. In the study, the trends of moisture content (MC) a...

Soil stabilization is an in situ soil treatment in which soils are mixed with cementitious or other chemical stabilizing agents. Determining the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of stabilized soil is a principal task in the design and construction of the ground improvement. Hence, this study aims to develop a reliable predictive model for the...

This study features the development of a framework to identify drivers towards increasing adoption of modular integrated construction (MiC) methods for affordable sustainable housing (ASH). The rise of offsite construction (OSC) techniques, especially MiC, has been evident in recent years. MiC’s adoption in ASH is still underdeveloped; however, due...

Airport pavements are widely constructed as airport runways, taxiways, and aprons. The airport traffic should be considered during the design stage of airport pavements before the construction. To protect airport pavements from negligent overload, a pavement strength rating system and an aircraft load classification system are adopted. Under the ra...

The load-transfer factor () in the concentric cylinder approach is often used in analytical formulation in axially loaded piles. The factor is a constant value (in a given pile slenderness ratio and soil condition) devised under the elastic and ‘pre-failure’ perfect pile–soil bonding conditions (a non-slip analytical model). Given most numerical me...

A case study has been carried out to compare the design of airfield pavements for a major airport using FAARFIELD v1.32 and APSDS 5.0. For the aircraft departure data used in the study, the pavement analysis shows that the APSDS 5.0 design method yielded pavement structure thicknesses that are nearly the same as FAARFIELD v1.32 for CBR greater than...

The friction of runway pavement is critical for the safety of aircraft landing and movement on the runway. Tire hydroplaning may lead the aircraft to move off the runway and hinder the safe landing during wet weather conditions. Grooving on the runway is one way to develop frictional braking resistance and diminish hydroplaning's potential risk by...

Cement is commonly used as a stabilisation material in soft soil stabilisation. However, the use of cement can cause environmental issues as the production of cement results in high emission of CO 2 . Hence, it is essential to develop other suitable stabilisation materials to reduce the amount of cement used in the stabilisation of soft soil. Fly a...

As important links in the transport infrastructure system, cable-stayed bridges are among the most popular candidates for implementing structural health monitoring (SHM) technology. The primary aim of SHM for these bridges is to ensure their structural integrity and satisfactory performance by monitoring their behaviour over time. Finite element (F...

The study aims to develop a reliable model using gene-expression programming (GEP) technique for estimating the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of soil stabilization by cement and fly ash. The model considered the effects of several parameters, including the fly ash characteristics such as calcium oxide (CaO) content, CaO/SiO2 ratio, and loss...

The increasing recognition of the combined piled raft foundation system is mainly due to the economics and the savings that can be achieved in the foundation design without compromising the safety and serviceability requirements. While detailed investigations through field monitoring of the piled raft supporting several tall and heavily loaded stru...

The study of the strength of reconstituted and stabilised soft soils is very important in geotechnical engineering. The soil particles, such as clay, sand, and silt play important roles in determining the behaviour of soils. The behaviour of clay and sand particles are unique; however, the behaviour of silt particles lie in a transitional form betw...

This article presents the results of in-situ research on the soil-cement (SC) column as the foundation of buildings. A physical model was constructed consisting of two single SC columns, one group of three SC columns (G1), and another group of five SC columns (G2) with a diameter of 0.6 m and a length of 7.5 m. Among ten experimental columns, four...

There has been an increasing demand for underground construction due to urbanization and limited land in metropolitan cities in the recent years. However, the behavior of underground structures in soils and rocks is often not completely understood. The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques is envisaged to have a huge potential in add...

This book provides full-scale field tests of different types of pile foundations. For the testing, it includes static load tests which consider various loading orientations, dynamic load tests, inclinometer monitoring and tests that aim to determine the load transfer mechanism of pile foundation. This book also covers the up-to-date popular topic w...

This paper presents the results of the experimental study to determine the correlation between the elastic modulus (E50) and the unconfined compressive strength (qu) of cement-treated soil by wet mixing method. Laboratory experiment program was conducted for four soil types: clayey sand, fine sand, medium sand and coarse sand with the amount of cem...

The extensive application of natural unbound granular materials (UGMs) motivates studies into the mechanical properties of alternatives such as processed crushed rocks employed commonly as base or subbase layers. The rutting and settlement generated in base and subbase layers is widely restricted in many specifications and standards. In this resear...

This book provides the theoretical background, technical concepts and extrapolation of pile foundations related to state-of-the-art field tests. Based on the literature, Chap. 2 reviewed the up-to-date research and determined its limitations, the general principles and practices are detailed.

This chapter presents the results discussion for the post grouted piles, displacement and non-displacement piles, composite piles and piles tested until ultimate load, with consideration of the state-of-art construction technology.

A compressive loaded pile is a slender element that transfers the loading from the upper structure to the soil layers. Nowadays, because pile foundations with large capacities are required, increasing numbers of super-long and large-diameter piles are being designed for high-rise buildings and bridge projects.

Pile foundation is a long structural element that cooperates with soil to resist the loading transferred from the upper structure. It can be primarily categorized into cast-in-place and precast pile based on the piling construction condition.

During the construction of a bored pile, the remove of soils by machines may cause the soil residue to remain in the drilled hole. This leads to a decrease in the end resistance capacity of the pile and an increase of pile settlement.

After late nineteenth century when the driven piles design was mainly based on the experience, the research of pile behavior which suffered static load started.

With the soaring requirement of building space in metropolises, high rise building development is indispensable and thus deep piles are imperative. Pile length can range from 20 to 60 m due to large loads from upper structures needing to be transferred into soils.

All types of engineers are required to have sophisticated understanding and knowledge of subsurface conditions to undertake their projects. Soil analysis is more complicated than analysis of other materials because of soil’s non-continuum characteristic.

The study of micromechanical behaviour of granular materials has a continuous interest in several engineering fields. Better understanding of the relationship between particle morphology and mechanical performance of such materials is essential in geotechnical applications. Past studies have used discrete element modelling (DEM) to demonstrate the...

Application of pipe-jacking method in the form of microtunneling has become more popular over the conventional open cut method for the installation of underground infrastructure such as buried sewer pipelines in urban setting in recent years. This is due to the advantages offered by trenchless technology such as reduced disruptions to traffic and t...

The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of cement-stabilized soil depends on the particle size distribution, the soil chemistry composition, the cement content, the water content, and the curing time. Determining the UCS of soil-cement material is an important task in the design and construction of infrastructure supported on marginal soils that...

The impact of the Degree of Saturation (DOS) on granular Sub Base material was investigated in this study. Seven numbers of CBR (California Bearing Ratio) samples of granular Sub Base material were fabricated at 95% compaction according to Standard Australian, AS 1289.6.1.1. These samples were prepared against the targeted moisture variation betwee...

Dr Andy Nguyen & R.R. Chianese & Thiru Aravinthan & Allan Manalo, University of Southern Queensland; V.R. Gharehbaghi, Kharazmi University; Mohammad Noori, California Polytechnic State University Speakers: Andy Nguyen, Riccardo Chianese, VR Gharehbaghi Session2

The instrumentation used and the observations made on full scale field tests carried out in two slurry trench excavations in soft marine clay (at Vaterland, Oslo) are presented and discussed. The excavations were 1 m x 5 m and 1 m x 1.8 m in internal cross section and 20 m deep. The testing program was carefully planned to obtain information which...

Airport Pavement Management System (APMS) is a useful tool, including a set of procedures for collecting, analyzing, maintaining, and reporting pavement data, thus assisting airports in finding optimum cost-effective treatments to preserve their pavement assets. The paper provides an in-depth overview of the APMS from an extensive literature review...

In practice, inappropriate test set-up and design will result in pile eccentricity, reducing pile bearing capacity. Also, inappropriate piling will reduce the strength of the upper part of concrete. These pile elements under inappropriate design and construction are easy to be overlooked since they are invisible. Because the research focuses on the...

This study investigated the compressive behaviour of super-long pile foundations with large diameters. Three 52 m, 73 m, and 83 m long piles with a diameter of 1500 mm, 1500 mm, and 1800 mm were cast and tested, respectively. Given that large loading was required, an improved compressive static load test was introduced, and the load transfer mechan...

The work presented here relates to the instrumented piles tested in 1969, by the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) in loose sand at Holmen, Drammen. The material contained in the first publication, which is an Internal Report F.273.0 of NGI (Balasubramaniam et al., 1969), was mainly on the load tests only and contained the analyses of the vibr...

This paper describes compressive static load tests of concrete driven piles confined by Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP). The tested piles include one concrete pipe pile and one concrete rectangular pile which are all partially confined by CFRP, and other two piles with the same dimensions without CFRP application. Tests program was performed...

This paper has investigated the behavior of precast concrete pipes under compressive loading. A compressive Static Load Test (SLT) was conducted in China and the ultimate bearing capacity was determined. Results presented include Load-settlement curve and lg (Time)-settlement curve. Davisson's offset method, DeBeer's method, Double tangent method a...

The combined piled raft foundation is unique in the sense that neither the pile group alone nor the raft by itself ensures the safety and the serviceability of the structure it supports; it is the combined system that ensures the safety and serviceability of the structure it supports. Hence a complete knowledge of the contribution of each element n...

This paper presents a comparison of the solutions for cavity expansion in cohesive frictional soils, which are modelled as elastic perfectly plastic materials obeying the Mohr Coulomb failure criterion. Vesic's solutions were extended to the cavity expansions from a finite radius. A numerical procedure was proposed to compute the pressure expansion...

In the past, there were many research studies carried out on the response of single piles and pile groups under compression loads, but it was comparatively lesser for piles and pile groups under uplift loads. Uplift loads on piles usually occur in pile foundations supporting wind farm structures, tall chimneys, transmission towers and jetty structu...

The currently available soil mechanics textbooks explain theory and show some practical applications through solving abstract geotechnical problems. Unfortunately, they do not engage students in the learning process as students do not "experience" what they study. This book employs a more engaging project-based approach to learning, which partially...

Piled raft foundations are being used now extensively to support structures on problematic soils successfully in the last two decades. Large numbers of milestone works have been done but all these works appear to have used only homogeneous layers of sand or over consolidated clay. Few works have covered the behaviour of the piled raft in compressib...

Piled raft foundations are being used now extensively to support structures on problematic soils successfully in the last two decades. Large numbers of milestone works have been done but all these works appear to have used only homogeneous layers of sand or over consolidated clay. Few works have covered the behaviour of the piled raft in compressib...

The piled raft foundation has gained a very high level of acceptance as a foundation system whenever settlement alone governs the design. In the design of piled raft many of the traditional methods could not be applied due to the complex nature of interactions involved. Hence there is a need to use detailed three dimensional finite element analyses...

This paper examines shaft and base grouted concrete pile behaviour by conducting vertical compressive and uplift static load tests (SLTs) as well as dynamic load tests in Jinan City, China. Three concrete piles with shaft and base grouting, base grouting, and without grouting techniques were selected and compressive SLTs were conducted. Two piles w...

There is an increasing evidence that the earth's climate is changing with some of the changes attributable to transport infrastructure. Climate change can have impacts on road infrastructure. The direct impacts can be due to the effects of environment. Temperature can affect the aging of bitumen resulting in an increase in brittle failure of the su...

In order to perform environmental construction, eliminating the dust contamination caused by welding reinforcement cages and blending concrete onsite, as well as diminishing the noise pollution caused by striking precast piles, three non-displacement precast piles subjected to lateral loading and another three that were subjected to vertical uplift...

This paper describes the investigation of a glass fibre reinforced polymer bar (GFRP bar) as a replacement for a traditional steel bar reinforcement in bored concrete piles with specific application to deep excavation construction. These two concrete passive piles were cast and experiments were conducted with reference to soil excavation. Normally,...

This paper describes the investigation of a glass fibre reinforced polymer bar (GFRP bar) as a replacement for a traditional steel bar reinforcement in bored concrete piles with specific application to deep excavation construction. These two concrete passive piles were cast and experiments were conducted with reference to soil excavation. Normally,...

Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) has been widely used for reinforcement or rehabilitation to the upper structure. Currently, some research has investigated the application of FRP underground structure which refers to reinforcement of the structure or substitution of traditional material. Due to the corrosion of steel bar or deterioration of concrete...

This article describes a methodology to identify a relationship between spatial topographic changes and the brightness of the 3D images for the assessment of the vulnerability of rock slopes to weathering. In this study, photogrammetry surveys were carried out at a rock slope over a two year interval. The strength properties of the rock material we...

Road agencies worldwide are investing billions of dollars on road maintenance. Pavement management system is often used to forecast the pavement maintenance cost and for prioritisation of the road sections for rehabilitation. This paper examines an approach for forecasting road network maintenance budget using road network condition as a basis for...

Based on field data collected at nine roundabouts in Gold Coast, Australia, this paper evaluates the performance of the capacity estimation for single-lane roundabouts using analytical models (including the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) 2000 model, the German Highway Capacity Manual (GHCM) model, the Signalized & unsignalized Intersection Design an...

This article presents a method to identify the durability of rocks from weathering through annual photogrammetry surveys. The weathering of rock slopes can be visually investigated with exposed joint structural data, which are features obtained from the information of joint spacing and thickness, as well as with the durability and the constituents...

This paper investigates the effect of soil/cement column diameter and spacing on bearing capacity beneath a road embankment situated on normally consolidated estuarine deposits in the South East Queensland region. The modelling was undertaken using the Finite Element method and the results are discussed with respect to the variation in parameters a...

This study investigates the effect of soil cement column diameter and spacing on overall settlement beneath a road embankment situated on normally consolidated estuarine deposits in the South East Queensland region. The effect of Area Replacement Ratio (as) on settlement with consideration to column diameter and spacing variation is also compared t...

Death, injury and disability from road traffic crashes continue to be a major global public health problem. Recent data suggest that the number of fatalities from traffic crashes is in excess of 1.25 million people each year with non-fatal injuries affecting a further 20-50 million people. It is predicted that by 2030 road traffic accidents will ha...

Tunnelling-induced ground surface settlement prediction still adopts empirical and analytical approaches; thus a step further in using a practical numerical analysis is now a challenging task. Because the deformation during tunnelling is a three-dimensional problem, several features were incorporated in two-dimensional analyses to capture aspects t...

This paper investigates slope stability of soil nailed walls which are located on sites formed with mostly residual soils. Residual soils, forming from weathered rocks can be found in many parts of the world with different characteristics and appearance based on type of the parent rock they have been formed of. A review on geotechnical properties o...

Single-lane modern roundabouts are one of the most important intersection types in the suburbs of Australia. Therefore, it is important to estimate their entry capacities. In this case study, an analytical model based on the gap acceptance theory by incorporating the effects of the exiting vehicles is proposed. Then, a scenario analysis is carried...

HCM 2000 model estimates entry capacity of roundabouts under an assumption of headway (time gaps) following an exponential distribution. Entry capacity is thus calculated by circulating flow, critical gap and follow-up time. This paper aims to analyse: (1) the actual distribution type of headway; and (2) the relative error resulting from the assump...

Peat is a highly compressible soil. Surfers Paradise has a peat layer with different thickness at different locations. Buildings in the area are using pile foundations to avoid the peat layer. 35 locations in Surfers Paradise have investigated. Peat locations have been determined within the study area and thickness in each location has been identif...

The travel time reliability of buses has become increasingly important for public transit companies. In this study, a novel approach is proposed to evaluate and analyse the travel time reliability of bus services provided by TransLink in Queensland, Australia. In view of their stochastic features, the two components of travel time - dwell time and...

In this study, a 2-D quasi-dynamic u-w-p model is developed to examine the wave-induced clayey seabed behavior. Further, this paper aims to provide a better understanding of the unstable condition of clayey seabed in the vicinity of coastal structure. In the proposed u-w-p model, acceleration, velocity, and displacement terms are considered differe...

The subsoil conditions of Surfers Paradise in Southeast Queensland of Australia have been examined in terms of soil stiffness by using geographic information system (GIS). Peat is a highly organic and compressible material. Surfers Paradise (as a study area) has problematic peat layer due to its high water content, high compressibility, and low she...

When the traditional ground improvement techniques are not practical for a particular situation, alternative technology, such as electrokinetic (EK) soil treatment can be considered. EK treatment method involves applying a low direct current (DC) or a low potential gradient to arrays of electrodes inserted in the low permeable soils simulating migr...

Objective: This article is to assess the performance of 3 macroscopic safety indicators (speed, speed dispersion, and volume) and two microscopic potential crash risks (time to collision and deceleration rate to avoid crash) on safety evaluation for expressways. Methods: Field data were collected at 3 locations for 4 different time periods on an...

Electro-kinetic (EK) treatment is an emerging technique, which uses low intensity direct electric current or a low electric potential difference, to improve the engineering properties of subsurface soils while having minimum disturbance to the surface. This study aims to investigate the effects of EK treatment on conductance phenomena and some phys...

With the increasing of extreme weather events, more attention has been drawn to the protection of coastal structures. Wave-induced seabed instability is a major factor that may damage the coastal structures. In this paper, a 2-D quasi-dynamic u-w-p model is developed to examine different seabed behavior under different wave actions. Further, this p...