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Introduction
Nutritional epidemiologist with global interest in nutrition from physiology to sociology and specific interest in sustainable diets.
Additional affiliations
January 2014 - April 2015
October 2010 - December 2013
Education
September 2005 - September 2008
Publications
Publications (110)
Background
Current food systems in Europe negatively impact the environment, public health, and the public sector, while favoring large food companies, leading to a “Lose-Lose-Lose-Win” scenario. Moreover, food systems have contributed to health inequalities across the EU, perpetuating disparities in access to healthy and sustainable food. Addressi...
Measuring adherence to EAT-Lancet recommendations for healthy and sustainable diets is challenging, leading to diverse methods and a lack of consensus on standardized metrics. Available indices vary mainly in scoring systems, food components, units, energy adjustments, and cut-off points. We aimed to evaluate and compare the measurement performance...
Ce chapitre traite de deux enjeux majeurs auxquels sont confrontés les ménages ruraux en zone tropicale : préserver les ressources naturelles et assurer la sécurité alimentaire. Relever ces deux défis simultanément requiert de développer des systèmes de production efficaces, capables à la fois de garantir la sécurité alimentaire des agriculteurs et...
Two plant production-based strategies – biofortification and dietary diversification – have been advocated to overcome micronutrient deficiencies, which are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. The respective benefits and effectiveness of these two strategies are the subject of controversy. Expanding the scope of this debate bey...
Heathy diet and dietary diversity has been associated with healthy ageing. Several scores have been developed to assess dietary diversity or healthy diets in epidemiological studies, but they are not adapted to be used in the context of preventive nutrition interventions. This study aimed to develop an occurrence-based healthy dietary diversity (OR...
Background
The Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of Reproductive Age (MDD-W) indicator was validated as a proxy of micronutrient adequacy among nonpregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). At that time, indeed, there was insufficient data to validate the indicator among pregnant women, who face higher micronutrient requirements....
Diets are changing everywhere, and the burden of disease associated with unhealthy diets is a worldwide concern. Measurement and monitoring of diets across countries and population groups is critical. However, there are no harmonized metrics for tracking how the healthfulness of diets around the world is evolving.
This report assesses the validity...
![Mean food group intakes¹ in g/day [IC95] for the whole sample (ALL,...](publication/370807876/figure/fig1/AS:11431281181033639@1691805202952/Mean-food-group-intakes-in-g-day-IC95-for-the-whole-sample-ALL-n1964-and-the-12_Q320.jpg)
Purpose
Recent global-scale analysis showed the extent of inequality in terms of carbon emissions related to overall consumption, with richer households emitting significantly more greenhouse gases than poorer ones. While socio-economic status is a known determinant of food consumption, and despite the urgent need to move towards more sustainable d...
A major programme of irrigated rice extension in the Middle Senegal River Valley has further limited the river’s natural flooding in the floodplain (Waalo), initially reduced by drought. We conducted a transdisciplinary (TD) and gendered study in the region to explore links between agricultural biodiversity and family diets using a social analysis...
Food systems in Europe are largely unjust and not sustainable. Despite substantial negative consequences for individual health, the environment and public sector health and care services, large multi-national corporations continue to benefit from the way food systems are designed—perpetuating “Lose–Lose–Lose–Win” food systems that see these large c...
Implementing the European Green Deal requires a consistent food systems’ policy that involves not only targeting the supply side but also conducting extensive changes in diets at the consumer level. Reducing meat consumption is an obvious strategy to put the European food system on track to meet the Green Deal’s goals. This cannot be achieved by fo...
Context
Consumption of food away from home represents an increasing share of people’s food consumption worldwide, although the percentage of food intake that is consumed away from home varies among countries and among individuals. Previous systematic reviews have reported that, overall, consumption away from home negatively affects an individual’s...
This is the protocol for a evidence and gap map. The main objective of this evidence and gap map is to provide access to a systematic overview of available indicators for diet‐related consumer behaviours relevant to LMICs, to support policy makers and researchers to develop, monitor and revise food policies and programmes to leverage food systems t...
Background
Diet and physical activity are key components of healthy aging. Current interventions that promote healthy eating and physical activity among the elderly have limitations and evidence of French interventions’ effectiveness is lacking. We aim to assess (i) the effectiveness of a combined diet/physical activity intervention (the “ALAPAGE”...
Agricultural policies aimed at developing crops that take into account local biodiversity remain marginal. To define what should be considered in the return to "local cereals" in response to climate change, we put into perspective the results of two interdisciplinary projects conducted in dry areas of Senegal and India. The first, located in the Se...
In the context of studies on the effects of agricultural production diversity, there are debates in the scientific community as to the level of diversification appropriate for improving dietary diversity. In Tunisia, agriculture is a strategic sector for the economy and a critical pillar of its food sovereignty. Using instrumental variable methods...
Introduction et but de l’étude
Une alimentation adéquate et une activité physique régulière sont des éléments clés d’un vieillissement en bonne santé. Plus spécifiquement, une alimentation suffisamment diversifiée chez les seniors pourrait prévenir les risques de dénutrition liés à la perte d’appétit, et ainsi contribuer à prévenir le risque de déc...
Introduction et but de l’étude
Une alimentation adéquate est un élément clé du vieillissement en bonne santé. L’intervention « Alimentation et activité physique du sujet âgé » (ALAPAGE) fait l’hypothèse qu’il est possible d’améliorer la qualité nutritionnelle de l’alimentation de seniors vivant à domicile grâce à des ateliers collectifs co-construi...
Tailored dietary counseling could be specifically efficient during pregnancy, a period accompanied by a rise in nutrition awareness, but little is known about the expectations of pregnant women in this regard. We studied these expectations regarding tailored dietary advice in French women during their pregnancy, as well as their motivations and the...
Indicators of agricultural production diversity and market access and/or participation have often been used to try to understand how agricultural production and markets influence dietary diversity of rural smallholder households. Based on a standardized search strategy, 37 studies investigating the association between an indicator of agricultural p...
Dietary diversity has long been recognized as a key component of diet quality and many dietary diversity indicators (DDIs) have been developed. This systematic scoping review aimed to present a comprehensive inventory of DDIs and summarize evidence linking DDIs and dietary adequacy or health outcomes in adolescents and adults. Two search strategies...
Microbiome community typing analyses have recently identified the Bacteroides2 (Bact2) enterotype, an intestinal microbiota configuration that is associated with systemic inflammation and has a high prevalence in loose stools in humans1,2. Bact2 is characterized by a high proportion of Bacteroides, a low proportion of Faecalibacterium and low micro...
Objective
To identify wild plants used as food and assess their frequency of consumption over a year in a region of Tunisia where agriculture is undergoing a major transformation from smallholder farming to an intensive high-input agricultural system.
Design
Qualitative ethnobotanical study followed by a survey of women’s frequency of consumption...
During pregnancy, mothers-to-be should adapt their diet to meet increases in nutrient requirements. Pregnant women appear to be keener to adopt healthier diets, but not always successful.
The objective of this study was to determine whether a guided, stepwise and tailored dietary counseling program, designed using an optimization algorithm, could i...
In the past decade, food group dietary diversity indicators (FGIs) have increasingly been used to assess the impact of agriculture on food security or nutrition. Following a structured search strategy and a two-phase screening process, 46 studies investigating associations between agriculture and food security or nutrition through the use of simple...
Background: The mechanisms responsible for calorie restriction (CR)-induced improvement in insulin sensitivity (IS) have not been fully elucidated. Greater insight can be achieved through deep biological phenotyping of subjects undergoing CR, and integration of big data.
Materials and Methods: An integrative approach was applied to investigate ass...
Tunisia is a typical country of the Mediterranean region where high prevalence of overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases co-exist with some micronutrient deficiencies, and diet-related environmental issues must be addressed. Individual food choices may influence both health and environment. The aim of this study was to identify diets tha...
Objectives:
Decreased gut microbial gene richness (MGR) and compositional changes are associated with adverse metabolism in overweight or moderate obesity, but lack characterisation in severe obesity. Bariatric surgery (BS) improves metabolism and inflammation in severe obesity and is associated with gut microbiota modifications. Here, we characte...
Mediterranean countries are undergoing dietary and nutritional changes that affect their inhabitants' health, while facing massive environmental challenges. The increasing demand of water in agriculture, the capacity to maintain local food production, and the growing dependence on food imports are interconnected issues that must be addressed to ens...
Background
During pregnancy, the diet of a mother-to-be should be adapted to meet increases in nutrient requirements. We analyzed the theoretical efficiency and acceptability of different types of tailored dietary changes for pregnant women.
Methods
The nutrient adequacy of the diet was evaluated using the PANDiet score, by comparing the nutrient...
Number of food items by subgroups in total, and number of food items whose the amount consumed could be modified with type-1 dietary changes, whose the substitution is possible with types -2 and -3 dietary changes, and that could be used as a substitute in types -2 and -3 dietary changes.
(DOCX)
Characteristics of pregnant women (n = 115) included in the acceptability study of dietary changes during pregnancy.
(DOCX)
PANDiet scores, Adeq-S, Mod-S, probabilities of adequacy for nutrient intakes and total energy intake excluding alcohol for the initial observed modified diet (D0’), the final simulated diet under type-2 dietary changes (D2), their delta (Δ2) and the percentage of individuals with an increase between D2 and D0’ for women of childbearing age (n = 34...
Details about the three types of dietary changes used in the simulation study.
(DOCX)
Characteristics of women of childbearing age (premenopausal, 18–44y, n = 344) from the ENNS1 survey.
(DOCX)
Items, reference values1 and variabilities used to calculate the PANDiet score at the start of pregnancy.
(DOCX)
Diagram of subject flow and reasons for non-inclusions in the study of the acceptability of dietary changes during pregnancy.
(DOCX)
PANDiet scores, Adeq-S, Mod-S, probabilities of adequacy for nutrient intakes and total energy intake excluding alcohol for the initial observed diet (D0), the initial observed modified diet (D0’), their delta (Δ0’) and the percentage of individuals with an increase between D0’ and D0 for women of childbearing age (n = 344) participating in the ENN...
PANDiet scores, Adeq-S, Mod-S, probabilities of adequacy for nutrient intakes and total energy intake excluding alcohol for the initial observed modified diet (D0’), the final simulated diet under type-1 dietary changes (D1), their delta (Δ1) and the percentage of individuals with an increase between D1 and D0’ for women of childbearing age (n = 34...
PANDiet scores, Adeq-S, Mod-S, probabilities of adequacy for nutrient intakes and total energy intake excluding alcohol for the initial observed modified diet (D0’), the final simulated diet under type-3 dietary changes (D3), their delta (Δ3) and the percentage of individuals with an increase between D3 and D0’ for women of childbearing age (n = 34...
Acceptability study–minimal data set.
(XLSX)
Diagram presenting possible substitutions depending on the meal between food subgroups belonging to different food groups under type-3 dietary changes.
The name of the food group is presented in bold in the first row of each box. The names of the food subgroups belonging to the group are presented from the second row to the last row of the box. Foo...
PANDiet score, Adeq-S, Mod-S, total energy intake without alcohol and probabilities of adequacy for nutrient intakes for D0’ (initial observed modified diet) and their changes in final simulated diets under type-1 (Δ1), type-2 (Δ2) and type-3 (Δ3) changes for women of childbearing age (n = 344) participating in the ENNS1 study.
(DOCX)
Application of the STROBE-nut (An extension of the STROBE statement for nutritional epidemiology, developed by Lachat C et al. (2016)) to our studies.
(DOCX)
Details of each sub-score composing the PANDiet score.
(DOCX)
A downward trend in animal protein (AP) intake has been observed in western countries over the last decade and the effects of such a transition on protein adequacy remain debatable. Using the probability approach and diet modeling with data on 1678 adults from a representative French national dietary survey, we studied the sensitivity of the adequa...
On the appropriate use and interpretation of dietary diversity scores. Response to: ‘Farm production diversity and individual-level dietary diversity’ by Koppmair and Qaim - Volume 20 Issue 11 - Eric O Verger, Andrew D Jones, Marie-Claude Dop, Yves Martin-Prével
Not all dietary diversity scores can legitimately be interpreted as proxies of diet quality – CORRIGENDUM - Eric Verger, Marie-Claude Dop, Yves Martin-Prevel
During the last decades, an impressive drop in the Mediterranean diet adherence index has been observed in numerous countries. The general current dietary patterns are characterized by a lower consumption of plant-based products in favour of animal-based products and ultra-processed foods. Moreover, the Mediterranean region is subject to environmen...
Introduction et but de l’etude
La plupart des besoins nutritionnels augmentent durant la grossesse, et les regimes des femmes lors de la periode periconceptionnelle doivent etre adaptes en consequence. En France, lors de cette periode, une majorite des femmes ont des apports insuffisants pour de nombreux nutriments. L’objectif de cette etude etait...
Introduction et but de l’etude
Le but de l’etude europeenne MetaCardis est d’evaluer les relations qui existent entre les maladies cardiometaboliques et le microbiote intestinal. Sachant que l’alimentation module la composition du microbiote intestinal d’une part, et influe sur les risques de maladies cardiometaboliques d’autre part, les apports al...
Not all dietary diversity scores can legitimately be interpreted as proxies of diet quality - Eric O Verger, Marie-Claude Dop, Yves Martin-Prével
Background:
The European study MetaCardis aims to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in health and cardiometabolic diseases in France, Germany, and Denmark. To evaluate long-term diet-disease relationships, a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was found to be the most relevant dietary assessment method for the MetaCardis study.
Objective:...
Background
From a life course perspective, pregnancy leads to a rise in nutrition awareness and an increase in information flow in favour of adopting healthier eating behaviours. This qualitative study was designed to better understand the determinants of eating behaviours in French pregnant women by focusing on their concerns, attitudes and belief...
Numerous publications reported that agriculture has the potential to enhance nutrition, although the pathways are complex and involve agriculture as source of food and income, food prices, and gender-related factors. Several authors have called for rigorous use of appropriate measurement. Standardized indicators such as the Household Dietary Divers...
Tunisia is facing the challenge of a double burden of malnutrition combining adiposity and micronutrient deficiency. There is an increasing recognition of the contribution of Wild Edible Plants (WEPs) to building sustainable food systems where they could play a significant role for prevention of malnutrition. The Sidi Bouzid case study is part of t...
Although nutrition has been advocated as a major determinant of healthy ageing (HA), studies investigating the link between dietary quality and HA are scarce. We investigated the association between adherence to French food-based and nutrient-based guidelines at midlife, as assessed by three dietary scores, and HA. HA was assessed in 2007–2009, amo...
Background:
Maternal nutrition is critical to the health of both mother and offspring, but there is a paucity of data on the nutritional adequacy of diets during pregnancy.
Objective:
Our objective was to identify to what extent pregnancy reduces the nutritional adequacy of the expecting mother's diet and if this nutritional gap can be resolved...
Observed and simulated-pregnancy PANDiet scores, AS, MS and associated probabilities of adequacy among French women of childbearing age (n = 344) from ENNS and US women of child-bearing age (n = 563) from NHANES.
Differences between observed and simulated-pregnancy PANDiet scores, AS, MS and probabilities of adequacy in the same country were assess...
Probabilities of adequacy for key nutrients during pregnancy (mean ± SD): DHA, Folate, Vitamin D, Calcium, Iodine and Iron obtained after different simulations (simulated-pregnancy without any addition, with a proportional increase in consumed food weight of 150-kcal or with the addition of one of the eleven 150-kcal snacks recommended during pregn...
Simulated-pregnancy PANDiet scores obtained after substitutions of 150-kcal of the observed diet with snacks among French women of childbearing age from ENNS1 (n = 344).
1 ENNS, French Nutrition and Health Survey (Etude Nationale Nutrition Santé). 2 All values are mean ± SD. 3All values are mean ± SEM. 4 Differences between simulated-pregnancy PAND...
Items, reference values1 and variabilities used in the French implementation of the updated PANDiet for women of childbearing age and women during the first and the third trimester of pregnancy.
1References values were emitted by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health (25, 26). The Adequacy sub-score is composed by 27 ite...
Items, reference values1 and variabilities used in the US implementation of the updated PANDiet for women of childbearing age and women during the first and the third trimester of pregnancy.
1References values were emitted by the Food and Nutrition Board of the United States Department of Agriculture (27, 28), except for EPA and DHA whose reference...
PANDiet scores, associated sub-scores and probabilities of adequacy for nutrients corresponding to observed PANDiet by country (France (ENNS) / USA (NHANES)) and physiological status (Women of childbearing age/ Pregnant women).
1,2 Differences between PANDiet scores, AS, MS and probabilities of adequacy by physiological status in the same country w...
STROBE Checklist.
(DOCX)
Background:
The number of morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery (BS) has increased dramatically in recent years. Therefore, monitoring food intake and its consequences in terms of nutritional status is necessary to prevent nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of food restriction on nutritional pa...
Objective. Individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes differ from lean and healthy individuals in their abundance of certain gut microbial species and microbial gene richness. Abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-degrading bacterium, has been inversely associated with body fat mass and glucose intolerance in mice, but more evidence is ne...
Objective To adapt and evaluate a nutrient-based diet quality index (PANDiet) for UK young children and to determine the nutritional adequacy of their diets according to consumption of young child formula (YCF) and commercial infant foods (CIF).
Design Content and construct validity of the PANDiet were assessed by studying associations between the...
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) have increased dramatically, potentially increasing the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of food restriction during the first year after bariatric surgery (BS) on nutritional parameters.
Twenty-two and 30 obese patients undergoing GBP...
Objective Individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes differ from lean and healthy individuals in their abundance of certain gut microbial species and microbial gene richness. Abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-degrading bacterium, has been inversely associated with body fat mass and glucose intolerance in mice, but more evidence is nee...
Populations with obesity and Type 2 Diabetes differ from healthy populations in the abundance of certain gut microbial species and microbial gene richness (MGR). Abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (Akk) has been inversely associated to fat mass and glucose intolerance in mice. More evidence is needed in humans as well as on the impact of diet and...
A carbon footprint is the sum of greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) associated with food production, processing, transporting, and retailing.
We examined the relation between the energy and nutrient content of foods and associated GHGEs as expressed as g CO2 equivalents.
GHGE values, which were calculated and provided by a French supermarket chain, w...
Identifying the dietary changes with the greatest potential for improving diet quality is critical to designing efficient nutrition communication campaigns. Our objective was to simulate the effects of different types of dietary substitutions to improve diet quality at the individual level. Starting from the observed diets of 1330 adults participat...
Studies on theoretical diets are not sufficient to implement sustainable diets in practice because of unknown cultural acceptability. In contrast, self-selected diets can be considered culturally acceptable.
The objective was to identify the most sustainable diets consumed by people in everyday life.
The diet-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE)...
The sustainability of dietary plant and animal protein consumption is an important issue, but few data are available to ascertain the health-related impact of animal and plant protein intake. The objective was to study the relationships between animal and plant protein intake and diet quality, as reflected by an integrated index of nutrient adequac...
Individual diet modeling with linear programming recently provided evidence that plant-based products, fish, and fresh dairy products consumption should be increased in the French population to reach nutrient-based recommendations. The aim of our study was to estimate the number of portions of the different milk-based food categories fitting into n...
The objective was to study the relations between animal and plant protein intake and the diet quality, as captured by an integrated index of nutrient adequacy. Using data from the French national dietary survey, INCA2 (2006–2007) for 1912 adults, we assessed diet quality with the PANDiet, based on the 35 probabilities of having adequate nutrient in...
Whilst consumer demand for animal-based foods is rapidly increasing, the environmental sustainability of a diet containing high levels of animal protein has been questioned (1). Up until now there has been a dearth of research investigating the impact of plant and animal proteins on human health (2) and no study has reported associations between nu...
The aim of this study was to apply individual diet modelling to analyse qualitative and quantitative changes in dairy products consumption, needed to achieve nutritional recommendations in an adult population. An individual isocaloric modelled diet was designed by linear programming to meet the French nutrient recommendations while deviating the le...
Existing diet quality indices often show theoretical and methodological limitations, especially with regard to validation.
To develop a diet quality index based on the probability of adequate nutrient intake (PANDiet) and evaluate its validity using data from French and US populations.
The PANDiet is composed of adequacy probabilities for 24 nutrie...
Spearman correlations between PANDiet items scores among French sample (n = 1330). ENNS 2006–2007.
(XLS)
Regression coefficients and 95% CI from linear regression analysis of the PANDiet score for intakes of the thirty-seven food categories adjusted for age and sex. ENNS 2006–2007 and NHANES 2007–20081
(DOCX)
Spearman correlations between PANDiet items scores among US sample (n = 2391). NHANES 2007–2008.
(XLS)
Questions
Questions (2)
After reading an article on nutritional issues in vegetarian and vegan children and teenagers, I was wondering what were the production systems of Vitamin D (D2, D3 or analog molecule) used in dietary supplement.
So first, what are the prevalence the different form of vitamin D in dietary supplement?
Second, how these different form are produced? For example, if I know that vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) could be derived from fish oil, is there other possibilities?
At the end, if the initial question could be related to the compatibility with vitamin D supplement and veganism, a larger question is more linked to the sustainability of vitamin D supplement production.
Thank you very much for your answers.
Best
As you may know, fiber represent a group of carbohydrates or carbohydrate-containing compounds that are neither digested nor absorbed in the small intestine. You may also know that the fermentation potential varies among this group which implies that the traditional total fiber information in food composition database might not be very helpful when studying the relationship between fiber intake and gut microbiota ecosystem.
Do you know if a food composition database containing detailed information on fibers compounds (e.g. cellulose, hemicellulose, beta-glucans, pectins, etc.) exists? Without being a food composition database, it could be a specific table like the “International Tables of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Values”.
Thank you very much for your answers.
Best regards
