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Prototyping IOT Based Smart Wearable Jacket Design for Securing the Life of Coal Miners
Abstract
Engineer is the person who is always keen interested in providing best alternative solution to any social problem to meet the scarcity. Keeping this mindset and visualizing social problems in Pakistan and other several countries; it is observed that annually several people die working inside coal mines. By identifying this problem, this paper suggests a wearable smart jacket design for securing the life of coal miners in Pakistan. This Prototype senses the various health related parameters i.e. the presence of hazardous gas, pulse rate of miner, updated temperature/humidity, exact depth location & global positioning of miner. These all parameters will be then transmitted through a Wi-Fi shield to a dynamic internet protocol. In this way, one may monitor all labors working inside the mines and moreover in case of disaster the life of miner can be secured immediately. This proposed wearable embedded system will not only send the last GPS location to a specific IP but will also send continuous update of pulse rate of miner which is sensed by pulse sensor; to base camp hence if someone dig the coal mine in case of disaster, they may set the priority to retain maximum life back from a coal mine.
... Today's era Internet of things has been used for controlling and monitoring the electrical and electronic devices. IoT has made the system very much smart due to the interconnection and communication of different devices together having intelligence on the backside [1,15]. ...
... The system capacity can be further improved through the simultaneous use of both inductive and resonant couplings to reduce leakage induction in the power flow path. Dual mode theory (CMT) [9,11] and reflected load theory (RLT) [13][14][15] give a detailed analysis of the operating principles of wireless power transmission coupled with resonance. Wireless power transmission provides a more convenient and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional plugin charging because it has the ability to recharge all electrical-dependent devices within a medium-sized room with a single power source. ...
Access to power is a prerequisite for the efficient operation of any electrical / electronic circuit. The power transmission channel can be either physical (wires, cables, etc.) or non-physical (i.e. wireless). Wireless power transmission is a broad term used to describe any method used to transmit energy to electrical-based systems and devices. Wireless power transmission is one of the modern approaches in the field of electrical engineering. With the increasing demand for electronic devices, the need for their charging equipment has also increased. In this paper, a wireless power transmission system is developed to provide an alternative to the use of power cords for electrical /electronic devices. With this technology, challenges such as damaged or tangled power wires, spark hazards and extensive use of the plastic and copper used in wire production are solved, and the need for batteries in non-portable devices is eliminated. Moreover, an inductive coupling method for wireless power transmission system is developed through IoT (internet of things) data sharing at the web domain through the internet. In the perspective of IoT, an additional part of home automation is added with this work so that we can control any type of load (lighting, entertainment system, and appliances, home security) remotely via the internet. If we want to charge a battery, the device system will show the status of all the parameters of battery (charging status, battery status, voltage, current, humidity, temperature) via the internet. The performance achieved is a good indication that power can still be transferred across a medium range. In addition, possible approaches to improve the system's efficiency are discussed.
... Wearable devices are used to collect vital health parameters of coal mine workers and provide that data to the control room. In case of an emergency, this device will also send the miner's location for accurate evacuation [12]. Another example can be the safety of children. ...
... These parameters are then transmitted through a Wi-Fi shield to a dynamic internet protocol (IP). The jacket sends the last GPS location to the control room and in case of disaster, miners can be easily evacuated [12]. A. R. Abdullah et al. have presented a smart localization and detection system for school children to overcome the issues of missing children. ...
... We now routinely utilize the "IOT"-Internet of Things to sense, trace, address, and measure items through the Internet, or by radio frequency identification (RFID) [10], wireless networks [11], wide area networks (WAN) [12], etc. The items in question, which include not just consumables and building materials but also various electrical equipment [9,[13][14][15][16]. Using both manual and Internet of Things (IoT) methods to control loads is the focus of this article. ...
With the transition from manual to auto systems, technology has been advancing globally. The smart control panel is the subject of this study. The electrical components of appliances can be inductive, resistive, or capacitive. The majority of inductive devices are motors. a three-stage There are many uses for induction motors in the global power system because of its many benefits, including low starting power, low maintenance cost, and widespread use. This paper discusses fault analysis in induction motors using MATLAB/SIMULINK, providing optimal protection combining traditional and IoT for both automatic and manual methods, and making it fully controllable according to the requirements of protection engineers for various loads. This is important for the economy and the motors' longevity, as it ensures that they operate optimally with the best smart protection techniques. In this setup, the control elements include a molded-case circuit breaker for safety, a temperature and vibration sensor with an Internet of Things (IoT) based remote data collecting method for automatic protection, and a selector switch for human control and automatic operation.
... Abid et al. [3] and Mustafa Abro et al. They introduced an IoT-based jacket that can be worn. ...
... In addition, in the event of a disaster, the miners' lives can be secured immediately. This designed wearable embedded system will send the last GPS location to a specific IP as well as continuous updates of the miner' pulse rate detected by the pulse sensor 16 to the control system [45]. ...
Everyone is aware that air and environmental pollutants are harmful to health. Among them, indoor air quality directly affects physical health such as respiratory rather than outdoor air. However, studies that have analyzed the correlation between environment and health information have been conducted through public data targeting large-scale cohorts, and dissertations through real-time data analysis are insufficient. Therefore, in order to collect environmental and health data from various data sources and monitor and analyze real-time, this dissertation will review environmental detection sensor development and indoor air quality monitoring system studies based on Internet of things, and research how to use wearable devices for health monitoring systems. In addition, availability of big data and artificial intelligence analysis and prediction have increased, investigating algorithmic studies for accurate prediction of hazardous environments and health effects. In terms of health effects, techniques to prevent respiratory and related diseases were reviewed.
... more specifically, what can be automated? In the following, some of the key applications are listed which has been discussed by researchers [6] and [7]. These applications are playing a critical role to accomplish the idea of HA: 71 i. ...
Smart homes can be of great benefit for both, energy and water management which not only helps to save money but can be highly beneficial for the environment. Such smart automation not only offers optimum consumption of these resources but also leads to higher comfort and conveniences for the users and residents. Recent developments in sensing, networking and communication technologies offering new and advanced forms to link a variety of things around us even with the people. Further, integration of internet of things (IoTs) services by embedding intelligence into these sensors and actuators and connecting them smartly are gaining great popularity to enhance the comfort and quality of life. This paper presents a flexible and low-cost home automation system using various sensors to control the commonly used home appliances and devices where IP connectivity is provided to access and manage them remotely. For this purpose, an Android-based app is developed which can be installed on any smartphone in order to monitor and control the devices from any location. The evaluation of the integrated sensors with the devices and switches shows that the system can offer great automation to achieve the idea of smart homes.
... Timeline Flow chart of the proposed work made various data monitoring and predicting tasks easier, i.e.(Abro et al., 2019) ...
Purpose
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has almost affected more than two million people and has taken more than one hundred thousand lives around the globe. At this current state, researchers are trying their best level to drive the permanent solution for this menace; hence, till now social distancing and hygienic lifestyle are the only solutions. This paper proposes a smart entrance disinfectant gate based on the sanitizer spray station and ultraviolet irradiation mechanisms. This innovative and embedded system design-oriented gate will first capture the image of the entrant, second, measure the temperature, third, spray the sanitizers and, last, provide the ultraviolet irradiation to make sure that the person entering any space may have fewer chances to carry coronavirus. The purpose of this study is to enable the IoT feature that helps the government officials to keep the data record of suspectable, exposed, infected and recovered people which will later help to reduce the reproductive co-efficient Ro of COVID-19 within any state of Malaysia.
Design/methodology/approach
In the current manuscript, design proposes a smart entrance disinfectant gate based on the sanitizer spray station and ultraviolet irradiation mechanisms. This design of the gate is enabled with the feature of the internet of things (IoT) and some efficient sensors along with computer vision facilities.
Findings
This paper bridges an academic research on COVID-19 and addresses IoT and data prediction-based solution to compute the reproductive number for this novel coronavirus.
Originality/value
This paper with the features such as hardware design, IoT and, last but not the least, data prediction and visualization makes this prototype one of its kind and provides approximate results for reproductive number (Ro)
... e Internet of things (IoT) is defined as the intelligent connection of things by using some active sensors to the Internet [72]. e paper suggests the IoT-enabled drone to achieve better inspection method for construction sites. ...
Today people are witnessing the rapid evolvement in every area. This is because of the emerging trends in communication technology and autonomous unmanned vehicles. These trends have led us towards the high standards of health, energy, transportation, monitoring, and surveillance of huge domestic and industrial projects. Thus, this review paper presents the integration of the latest trend in communication technology, i.e., Internet of things (IoT) with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This manuscript not only reviews the use of IoT-enabled unmanned aerial vehicles for inspecting the several construction sites but also emphasizes the utilization of such IoT-enabled autonomous aerial vehicles for ensuring the health and safety measures at the site. It discusses the major limitations and shortcomings of state-of-the-art techniques for the same purpose, i.e., optimization issues in path planning, lightweight artificial intelligence (AI) and computer vision algorithms, coordination in communication using IoT, and scalability of IoT network. Thus, this paper shall help the reader to explore different open research problems in-depth.
... The "IOT" Internet of Things has become used to in our daily life to be sensed, traced, addressed and measured objects through Internet, or either through RFID [10], wireless network [11], WAN etc. [12]. The objects which are not only food, material, non-electrical appliances but also other electrical appliances [9,[13][14][15][16]. ...
Technology has been developing throughout the world as system moved from manual to auto. This paper is on the smart control panel for controlling the appliances. Appliances are Inductive, resistive and capacitive in nature. Inductive type are mostly motors. Three-phase Induction motor is one of the most common types of electrical machines with vast amount of applications in the entire power system all over the world due to its various advantages such as low starting power, lower maintenance cost etc. For the sake of economy and their longer life, it is very much necessary to provide them with feasible conditions to perform optimal operation with best possible smart protection techniques, this paper is all about the analysis of faults in induction motor on MATLAB/SIMULINK, the provision of optimal protection combining traditional and IOT for both automatic as well as manual method to make it fully controllable based on the requirements of protection engineer for various loads. Control elements used here are vibration as well temperature sensation with IOT based remote data acquisition technique for automatic protection as well as a manual control using a selector switch for automatic as well as manual operation and a molded case circuit breaker for protection purpose.
The digital revolution in the mining industry is being driven by the growing applications of IoT. In this research, we focus on one of the most important aspects of mine safety – the development of next-gen smart helmet systems. Imagine a smart helmet that is worn by miners and continuously monitors vital environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity and gas levels, but it goes further than simple monitoring. It can also detect if a miner takes the helmet off for any reason or if it becomes damaged due to obstacles inside the mine. This innovative system uses IoT to make a significant improvement in worker safety over traditional methods. With real-time information and hazard alerts, mine operators can proactively prevent accidents and improve overall operations. The collected data can also be used to detect potential hazards and take preventive measures to reduce the risk of accidents and save lives. The development of a smart helmet system marks a paradigm shift for mine safety, ushering in a new era of data-driven decision-making and improved worker protection.
Mining plays an essential role in the production of goods, infrastructure and services that improve the well-being of society. But it's also a dangerous industry, especially when it comes to safety and health. Especially when you're working in a complex underground environment. As mines get bigger, issues like stability, oxygen and emergency response get harder to deal with. That's why we're proposing a cutting-edge mining tracking & safety system that puts microcontroller-style circuits in your workers' helmets. The proposed system aims to enhance mining security efficiency by providing
Coal mine workers are at a high risk for health and safety problems. A large number of workers suffer from respiratory issues due to a sudden decrease in oxygen level, or are prone to serious injuries because of any obstacles in the dark. This chapter suggests a smart wearable for workers as a solution to this critical problem. This wearable prototype is embedded with infrared (IR) sensors, which can detect obstacles in the dark environment like coal mines. IR sensors are frequently employed in various mining applications due to their ability to operate effectively in low-light or completely dark conditions. The worker's oxygen saturation level will also be detected by this prototype. And with the support of an integrated vibration motor that will provide tactile feedback to the user/worker in the case of an emergency.
The safety helmets basically aim at safety of miners reducing the risks of accidents. It also highlights the hazardous environments of mining and potential dangers that the workers face while working in mines. Safety helmets will be containing infrared sensors which keep track of the environment of the miner. It highlights the inherent risks miners face, including poor visibility, potential collisions, and hazardous conditions. The helmets are capable of alerting the miners from dangers. Infrared sensors can sense the heat signatures and obstacles in real-time resulting in spatial awareness. The helmets also consist of Arduino to enable real-time data processing and communication integration. The helmet also consists of LoRa which provide wireless communication between helmets and receiver ends, which would notify them in case of any emergency. The abstract concludes by enhancing the importance of IR-sensors, LoRa and Arduino which interfaces all of the above equipment.
Risks to one's health can arise for both corporate employees and individuals working in mines, factories, or construction sites. On occasion, they must deal with dangerous circumstances like fire, water, rockfall, poisonous chemical releases at work, poor ventilation, etc. Several workers thus experience breathing difficulties, heart attacks, hypertension, etc. In addition, women who work face the risk of harassment, theft, etc. Even those who unavoidably suffer accidents while away from home for work or any other reason regularly fail to notify their families or have delays in seeking medical care. In this study, an Android app and a smart wristband are proposed which will measure wearer's body temperature, heart rate, pulse, and levels of oxygen saturation and send the data to the Android application on the user's mobile device with the 4G long term evolution (4G LTE) module and the internet of things (IoT) framework. This app will even update the user's family about mishappenings.
The agricultural sector, which is the foundation of our nation, is currently confronted with various obstacles. To
address this, system proposed aims to contribute to the growth of agriculture by utilizing IoT technology to
automate the irrigation process. Design and Development of IoT- Based Smart Jacket for Farmers which can
measure several parameters of not only soil but also the health parameters of the farmer along with some
environmental parameters can be made. The soil parameters like moisture, environmental parameters like
temperature, humidity, and health parameters like heart rate and SpO2 can be measured.KeywordsInternet of thingsNodeMCUSensorsSoil moistureHumidityEnvironmental temperatureFarmer’s healthThingspeak
The paper provided a detailed description of a new method for defining weight coefficients of criteria which is called Defining Interrelationships Between Ranked Criteria II (DIBR II). The method is based on defining significance of adjacent ranked criteria by decision-makers, respectively, experts. Based on the defined significance values, the weight coefficients of criteria are calculated using a simple mathematical apparatus. This approach eliminates certain shortcomings of previous methods which is used to calculate the weight coefficients of criteria. The application of the DIBR II method is presented using two illustrative examples.KeywordsWeight coefficients of criteriaDefining interrelationships between Ranked Criteria II (DIBR II)Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM)
Smart shirt is widely used in measuring the vital physiological parameters of the user. This idea of a smart shirt is especially for miners. It is a well-known fact that a lot of people working in mines are losing their lives due to mine collapse. The ultimate goal of this idea is to help miners to stay alert from all the risks in mines. According to statistics given by ENVIS Center on Environmental Problems of Mining, 155 died and got severely injured due to mine collapse between 2017 and 2021. The official number of deaths in the mining community per year is more than 15,000. The idea is to continuously monitor the barometric pressure, temperature, humidity, and the presence of carbon monoxide using sensors, to alert the user if over-experiencing any of these factors with the help of an alert system, and to enable the users and the supervisor to continuously monitor these parameters as it can possibly turn out to be a threat to the workers. After a thorough survey on the related works, the idea of developing a smart shirt for the mining community will be the better replacement for the previous work. This idea of developing a smart shirt is very useful as it would be greatly helping them to ensure safety during their work underground.KeywordsIoTSmart shirtDetection of body’s vital parametersCombustible gases
Firefighters’ fatigue can negatively impact safety, production, and health. During firefighting, the risks are extreme, and firefighters’ health status is commonly neglected. A wearable sensor capable of predicting fatigue levels would have a substantial positive impact on the health and organisation of the teams. This review aims to collect information regards usage conditions and the development of wearable sensors at the occupational level. It also presents a proposed design for a wearable sensor that firefighters can use. This review is based on articles that reference the use of wearable sensors on an occupational level and the development of those systems. The studies show few wearable sensors used in high-intensity activities, although many can be used in other environments. The methodology suggested for the proposed design needs further investigation and adjustments. The final system must be capable of measuring heart rate, respiratory rate and body temperature. It should also send the firefighter GPS localisation and alerts of falling detection.
Coal mining has lately become a hazardous activity
for mine employees owing to the presence of hazardous gases
during operation. When gases such as sulphur and methane
are discharged into the atmosphere, they may cause suffocation
and gas explosions. The proposed study depends on the real�time usage of smart helmets and RF communication to boost
safety by monitoring many variables such as temperature,
humidity, and helmet use. Arduino is used to analyse the data,
and sensors such as the MQ-4, DHT11, and IR sensor are
utilised to get the readings. The suggested system would
increase worker productivity and safety in the mining
operation while also notifying the base station, increasing
survival rates in the case of an accident. When an accident
happens or poisonous substances are identified, warning
signals are sent to mine employees and the base station through
RF transmission to reduce communication time and adhere to
any mandatory safety regulations.
After an advent of internet of things (IoT), the entire dynamics of this world has been changed so rapidly. Being a student of science and technology, it is very much essential for us to think about the potential alternatives for social issues. In this regard, one may notice that there are thousands of people who die annually in the coal mines of Pakistan and rescue team cannot help in any way. This is one of the most emerging issues right now in other developing countries too where extraction of minerals from in depth mines is going on. This paper identifies this issue and suggests the prototyping of pro-active IoT-enabled wearable gadget for the smart surveillance of coal miners within the mines of Pakistan. This wearable IoT device not only monitor the hazardous gas, pulse rate of miner, humidity and temperature conditions within and exact altitude where miner is working currently but it will also provide a pro-active control to miners to generate any sort of query they face while working within the dark and depth mines using error palette. This entire data will be received at a specific Internet protocol (IP) using internet broker. This will also help the rescue officers to decide their rescue flow accordingly.KeywordsCoal minersInternet of things (IoT)Internet protocolProactive approachSurveillance
Wearable devices represent a versatile technology in the IoT paradigm, enabling non-invasive and accurate data collection directly from the human body. This paper describes the development of a smart shirt to monitor working conditions in particularly dangerous workplaces. The wearable device integrates a wide set of sensors to locally acquire the user’s vital signs (e.g., heart rate, blood oxygenation, and temperature) and environmental parameters (e.g., the concentration of dangerous gas species and oxygen level). Electrochemical gas-monitoring modules were designed and integrated into the garment for acquiring the concentrations of CO, O2, CH2O, and H2S. The acquired data are wirelessly sent to a cloud platform (IBM Cloud), where they are displayed, processed, and stored. A mobile application was deployed to gather data from the wearable devices and forward them toward the cloud application, enabling the system to operate in areas where a WiFi hotspot is not available. Additionally, the smart shirt comprises a multisource harvesting section to scavenge energy from light, body heat, and limb movements. Indeed, the wearable device integrates several harvesters (thin-film solar panels, thermoelectric generators (TEGs), and piezoelectric transducers), a low-power conditioning section, and a 380 mAh LiPo battery to accumulate the recovered charge. Field tests indicated that the harvesting section could provide up to 216 mW mean power, fully covering the power requirements (P¯ = 1.86 mW) of the sensing, processing, and communication sections in all considered conditions (3.54 mW in the worst-case scenario). However, the 380 mAh LiPo battery guarantees about a 16-day lifetime in the complete absence of energy contributions from the harvesting section.
Gas explosions including are one of the main causes of accidents in underground mining. Dangerous mixture of methane gas, coal dust, and, to a lesser extent, carbon dioxide are the gases that can cause explosions in underground mining environments. The worldwide regulations for underground work require for continuous monitoring of these gases to identify variations and alert miners inside tunnels. In recent years, wearable technology has become an option for monitoring, control, tracking, and safety of mining operations. This paper proposes a design of a wearable prototype module for the measurement of explosive gases in mining and alert the miners to take preventive actions. The module allows the measurement of methane gas and carbon dioxide and the generation of visual alerts in case of levels above those defined in the regulations. The prototype is designed under the premise of a compact device in their form factor, which results in comfort for the miner, and enables the possibility to record the levels of the gases in a real-time web service outside the mine.
Pakistan is endowed with vast coal reserves, primarily in Sindh, totaling 184.623 billion tons. Our country's market has been rapidly expanding. As we all know, accidents are becoming more often in mines due to a shortage of competent workers, miners' safety cannot be guaranteed, and coal manipulation is impossible. Men who are currently employed in coal mining must confront environmental constraints. Temperature, carbon dioxide, and methane are all threats to them. As a result, we must provide security for the men and women who are now employed in coal mining. The goal of this study is to provide a solution to mining through communication and security monitoring. Coal mining has a unique function in the modern world; it has the potential to save the lives of coal miners by creating particular gadgets that can be extremely beneficial to the industry's workers. People working in underground coal mines must utilize several characteristics such as smart helmets with sensors such as removers, collision detectors, gas detectors, and the helmet. Here, we must organize our circuit within the Smart Helmet in order to provide security to the man who is now employed in coal mining. Coal mining remains a hazardous activity that can have a variety of negative environmental implications, such as the discharge of hazardous gases during mining operations. The helmet is equipped with a Wi-Fi-based monitoring system that communicates with all of the trackers via Wi-Fi networks to provide data. As a result, the Smart Helmet indication takes the required precautions to avoid any potentially dangerous situations and sends out an alert through buzzer and Cloud Based Monitoring. The data is collected using ESP32 Arduino created tracker circuitry. It aids in the mapping of worker locations.
Collaborative AmI technologies have the potential to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of rescuers during crisis response work. However, few AmI technologies are designed specifically for such scenarios. Our findings from a number of case studies have resulted in a set of requirements. In this paper we present some of these findings. We then present a second generation AmI tool that was developed to support our users. The tool is a jacket equipped with a number of sensors/actuators allowing coordinators to draw the attention of rescuers in the field and to provide them information and commands. The tool is currently undergoing evaluation in collaboration with our users.
Underground mining is beset with numerous problems such as ground movement (fall of roof/sides), inundation, air blast, etc.; apart from gas explosions and dust explosions that are restricted to coal mines. Whatever may be the cause and type of accident or the extent of damage caused, it is a horrendous task for the rescue team to reach the trapped miners. The accident/irrespirable zone contains increased levels of harmful gases like carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide and explosive gases like methane apart from a deficiency of Oxygen. The entire gallery or roadway is filled with dust and smoke, or water in case of inundation, hindering the visibility of rescue personnel. Thus, it is not an ideal situation for the rescue team to perform the operations. The first few hours after the disaster are the critical moments that could be the difference between life and death of the trapped miners. Hence, the ideal solution in such cases would be to deploy a wireless robot equipped with various gas sensors and cameras to aid visibility even in extremely low light conditions. This paper reviews some notable examples from the past and highlights important requirements for rescue robots along with some limitations encountered in the design of such robots.
Wireless underground networks are an emerging technology which have application in a number of scenarios. For example, in a mining disaster, flooding or a collapse can isolate portions of underground tunnels, severing wired communication links and preventing radio communication. In this paper, we explore the use of low frequency magnetic fields for communication, and present a new hardware platform that features triaxial transmitter/receiver antenna loops. We point out that the fundamental problem of the magnetic channel is the limited bitrate at long ranges, due to the extreme path loss of 60 dB/decade. To this end, we present two complementary techniques to address this limitation. Firstly, we demonstrate magnetic vector modulation, a technique which modulates the three dimensional orientation of the magnetic vector. This increases the gross bitrate by a factor of over 2.5, without an increase in transmission power or bandwidth. Secondly, we show how in a multi-hop network latencies can be dramatically reduced by receiving multiple parallel streams of frequency multiplexed data in a many-to-one configuration. These techniques are demonstrated on a working hardware platform, which for flexible operation, features a software defined magnetic transceiver. Typical communication range is approximately 30 m through rock.
Ensuring a constant flow of information is essential for offering quick help in different types of disasters. In the following, we report on a work-in-progress distributed, collaborative and tangible system for supporting crisis management. On one hand, field operators need devices that collect information--personal notes and sensor data--without interrupting their work. On the other hand, a disaster management system must operate in different scenarios and be available to people with different preferences, backgrounds and roles. Our work addresses these issues by introducing a multi-level collaborative system that manages real-time data flow and analysis for various rescue operators.
Health monitoring is crucial for the survival of the ill and fragile infants admitted at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a hospital. However, the adhesive electrodes and wires cause discomfort to the patients and hamper the parent-child interaction. In this paper, we propose the application of wireless transmission technology for neonatal monitoring at NICU. To demonstrate the design concept, a prototype wireless transmission system is built using BlueSMiRF and Arduino pro mini. Software is developed for ensure the correct data transmission, detection and display. The system is designed to be suitable for integration into a non-invasive monitoring platform such as a smart neonatal jacket. Experimental results show that the prototype system successfully transmits and receives data from multiple sensors within the range of 20 m.
By study and simulation on the theoretic model and principle of electronic nose system in artificial olfactory system, this paper proposes an electronic nose system which combines gas sensor array and artificial neural network recognition algorithm. In order to testify systematic rationality and experimental realizability which is implemented in multiple gas measurement, we discuss related methods and steps which apply the system to quality and quantity of multiple gas. Through the analysis on experiments of gas detection which combines gas sensor array and pattern recognition technology, we apply BP feed forward neural network to analyze three gases in quality and quantity. Our research involves experimental configuration method of low concentration gas, input, output and hidden layer element determination method of BP feed forward network in quality and quantity analysis of multiple gases, signal pretreatment algorithm and gas sensor array response vector normalization. The experimental data show that the system designed in this paper makes recognition of 3 gases with 100% qualitative recognition and lower error of quantitative recognition.
Pervasive computing technology can save lives by both eliminating the need for humans to work in hostile environments and supporting them when they do. In general, environments that are hazardous to humans are hard on technology as well. This issue contains three articles and a Spotlight column that illustrate the challenges of designing this technology and implementing it in hostile environments.
This paper presents a system, which is made of an array of eight phthalocyanine-coated QCM sensors and an ANN to find the corresponding composition of a gas mixture. The digital data collected from the sensor responses were preprocessed by a sliding window algorithm, and then used to train a three layer ANN to determine the gas compositions. The system is tested with the following gas mixtures: (1) ethanol–acetone, (2) ethanol–trichloroethylene, (3) acetone–trichloroethylene. The success rate of the system in identifying the constituent component amounts is 84.5 and 94.3%. Similarly, overall average prediction error is 10.6%.
Emergency communication systems (ECS) are a key element in collaborations among different public safety organizations. The need for interoperability in emergency communication systems has hastened the development of interoperable communication technology that is an enabling technology to automatically identify environmental variables including appropriate radio frequencies and to connect different networks used by different organizations. Even though the technology has been researched from many perspectives and has shown that is possible to connect different organizations, there still remain many issues in terms of socio-cognitive aspects. Thus, this study examines the socio-cognitive dimensions of interoperability, which equal the technical dimensions of the problem in importance. The existential-phenomenological study reported here used semistructured interviews to reconceptualize interoperability in the public safety communication domain. Based on 11 interviews with public safety workers, five important factors were identified that have a major impact on the effectiveness of interoperable groups: information sharedness, operational awareness, communication readiness, adaptiveness, and coupledness. Based on these main concepts, high-level suggestions are provided to guide the design of a new public safety communication system. The results can be directly applied to identify the requirements of communication systems and can be extended to design collaboration systems under stressful environments.
Rescue and protection system for underground mine workers based on ZigBee
- Tanmoy Maity
- P S Das
- Mithu Mukherjee
Maity, Tanmoy, P. S. Das, and Mithu Mukherjee. "Rescue and
protection system for underground mine workers based on
ZigBee." International Journal of Advanced Computer Engineering
and Architecture 1 (2011): 101-06.