Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies

Abstract

Breast cancer and HIV coexistence presents a challenging medical landscape, necessitating a thorough exploration of hematologic considerations and blood transfusion strategies. This review delves into the intricate interplay of anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and coagulopathy in breast cancer patients with HIV, offering insights into the management of these hematologic complications. Additionally, the article highlights key elements of blood transfusion strategies, treatment impacts, and infection risk mitigation in this unique patient population. A comprehensive understanding of these hematologic aspects is crucial for tailoring effective and patient-centered care, ultimately improving outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for individuals facing the dual burden of breast cancer and HIV.

Full text

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
1
Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with HIV: Insights into Blood
Transfusion Strategies
*Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu1 and Getrude Uzoma Obeagu2
1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kampala International University, Uganda
2School of Nursing School, Kampala International University, Uganda
Abstract
Breast cancer and HIV coexistence presents a challenging medical landscape, necessitating a
thorough exploration of hematologic considerations and blood transfusion strategies. This review
delves into the intricate interplay of anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and coagulopathy in
breast cancer patients with HIV, offering insights into the management of these hematologic
complications. Additionally, the article highlights key elements of blood transfusion strategies,
treatment impacts, and infection risk mitigation in this unique patient population. A comprehensive
understanding of these hematologic aspects is crucial for tailoring effective and patient-centered
care, ultimately improving outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for individuals facing the
dual burden of breast cancer and HIV.
Keywords: Breast cancer, HIV, Hematologic considerations, Blood transfusion, Anemia,
Thrombocytopenia, Neutropenia, Coagulopathy, Treatment strategies
Introduction
Breast cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent formidable health challenges
on a global scale, each demanding intricate medical management. In recent years, the intersection
of these two conditions has emerged as a complex clinical scenario, garnering increased attention
from researchers and healthcare professionals alike. The coexistence of breast cancer and HIV
presents a multifaceted dilemma, where the interaction between these two diseases introduces
unique hematologic considerations that significantly impact patient outcomes. The prevalence of
breast cancer remains alarmingly high, affecting millions of women worldwide and posing
substantial health and socioeconomic burdens. Concurrently, HIV, a viral infection that weakens
the immune system, continues to be a global public health concern. As advancements in medical
care have prolonged the lives of individuals with HIV, the overlap with other chronic conditions,
such as cancer, has become increasingly prevalent. Breast cancer in the context of HIV introduces

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
2
new layers of complexity, demanding a comprehensive understanding of the hematologic
manifestations and their implications for effective management.1-26
Anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and coagulopathy emerge as key hematologic
considerations in breast cancer patients with HIV. The intricate interplay of these factors,
influenced by both the malignancy and the viral infection, necessitates a tailored and holistic
approach to care. Understanding the dynamics of these hematologic complications is crucial for
healthcare providers to deliver optimal treatment strategies, ensuring a balance between addressing
the primary diseases and mitigating the potential complications arising from their intersection.
Despite the growing awareness of the challenges posed by the dual burden of breast cancer and
HIV, a comprehensive exploration of blood transfusion strategies in this specific population
remains relatively limited. The transfusion of blood products plays a pivotal role in the supportive
care of cancer patients, yet tailoring these strategies to the unique needs and complexities of breast
cancer patients with HIV is a domain that requires deeper investigation. This review seeks to bridge
this gap by providing insights into blood transfusion approaches that consider both the oncologic
and HIV-related aspects, aiming to enhance the overall quality of care and patient outcomes in this
distinctive cohort. As research in this field continues to unfold, a more nuanced understanding of
hematologic considerations and blood transfusion strategies will undoubtedly contribute to
refining the management of breast cancer patients with HIV, fostering improved therapeutic
outcomes and patient well-being.27-50
Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with HIV
Breast cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are two significant health challenges that,
when coexisting, create a complex medical landscape with unique hematologic considerations.
Breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women globally, while
HIV, a viral infection causing immune system compromise, continues to affect millions
worldwide. The convergence of these conditions raises critical questions about the impact on
hematologic parameters and necessitates a comprehensive understanding of their interplay. One of
the primary hematologic considerations in breast cancer patients with HIV is anemia. Both breast
cancer and HIV can independently contribute to anemia, either through the chronic inflammation
associated with cancer or the direct myelosuppressive effects of HIV on the bone marrow.
Understanding the underlying causes of anemia in this dual-diagnosis population is crucial for
devising effective management strategies and improving overall patient well-being.51-65
Thrombocytopenia, characterized by low platelet counts, represents another hematologic
challenge. Breast cancer treatments, particularly chemotherapy, and the immunosuppressive
effects of HIV can synergistically contribute to a decreased platelet count, posing an increased risk
of bleeding complications. Managing thrombocytopenia requires a delicate balance, considering
both cancer and HIV-related factors to mitigate the potential risks. Neutropenia, a condition
marked by a low absolute neutrophil count, further complicates the hematologic profile of breast
cancer patients with HIV. Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression, coupled with the

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
3
immunosuppressive nature of HIV, heightens the vulnerability to infections. Addressing
neutropenia involves close monitoring of blood counts and implementing prophylactic measures
to reduce the risk of severe infections. Coagulopathy, encompassing both prothrombotic and
bleeding tendencies, emerges as an additional concern. Breast cancer itself can trigger alterations
in coagulation pathways, and when compounded by the effects of HIV, the risk of thrombotic or
hemorrhagic events may increase. Monitoring coagulation parameters becomes essential to strike
a delicate balance between preventing thrombosis and avoiding bleeding complications.66-85
Blood Transfusion Strategies
Blood transfusion is a crucial component of supportive care for individuals undergoing breast
cancer treatment, particularly when coexisting with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The
intricate interplay of these two conditions introduces unique challenges that demand a nuanced
approach to transfusion strategies. Setting individualized transfusion thresholds is fundamental in
the management of breast cancer patients with HIV. Striking a balance between maintaining
adequate hemoglobin levels and avoiding unnecessary transfusions is essential. Individual factors
such as symptoms, overall clinical status, and the presence of comorbidities must be considered
when determining the appropriate transfusion threshold. This personalized approach ensures that
transfusion decisions are aligned with the specific needs of each patient. Understanding the impact
of cancer treatments on hematologic parameters is crucial when establishing transfusion triggers.
Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression may necessitate a proactive approach to blood
transfusions, especially during intensive treatment phases. Regular monitoring of hemoglobin
levels and adjusting transfusion triggers based on the dynamic nature of cancer therapy contribute
to a more responsive and effective transfusion strategy.86-102
Breast cancer patients with HIV are inherently immunocompromised, making infection risk
mitigation a top priority in blood transfusion strategies. Rigorous screening of blood products for
infectious agents, including HIV, is mandatory to prevent transfusion-related infections.
Additionally, employing leukoreduction techniques helps minimize the risk of bacterial
contamination and further enhances the safety of blood transfusions in this vulnerable patient
population. Chronic blood transfusions can lead to iron overload, which may have implications for
both breast cancer and HIV patients. Monitoring and managing iron levels in individuals
undergoing repeated transfusions are critical to prevent complications such as organ damage.
Coordinating with the oncology and HIV care teams to optimize transfusion strategies while
mitigating iron-related risks ensures a comprehensive and patient-centered approach. Empowering
breast cancer patients with HIV through education and involving them in shared decision-making
regarding transfusion strategies are essential components of holistic care. Providing information
about the rationale behind transfusion decisions, potential risks, and alternative approaches fosters
patient engagement and enhances adherence to the recommended transfusion plan.103-148
Conclusion

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
4
The hematologic landscape in this population demands careful consideration of individualized
transfusion thresholds, acknowledging the impact of cancer treatments, and prioritizing infection
risk mitigation. By adopting a patient-centered approach, healthcare providers can optimize blood
transfusion strategies, striking a delicate balance between maintaining hemoglobin levels and
preventing unnecessary transfusions. Moreover, the management of iron overload, a potential
consequence of repeated transfusions, necessitates close collaboration between oncology and HIV
care teams. Monitoring and addressing iron-related risks contribute to a comprehensive care plan
that prioritizes the overall well-being of individuals facing the dual burden of breast cancer and
HIV. Empowering patients through education and shared decision-making further enhances the
effectiveness of transfusion strategies. Providing insights into the rationale behind transfusion
decisions, potential risks, and alternative approaches fosters patient engagement, improving
adherence to recommended transfusion plans.
References
1. Mukerjee N, Maitra S, Ghosh A, Sengupta T, Alexiou A, Subramaniyan V, Anand K.
Synergizing Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras and Nanoscale Exosome-Based Delivery
Mechanisms for HIV and Antiviral Therapeutics. ACS Applied Nano Materials. 2024.
2. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematocrit Fluctuations in HIV Patients Co-infected with
Malaria Parasites: A Comprehensive Review. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2024;10(1):25-
36.
3. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Breast cancer: A review of risk factors and diagnosis. Medicine.
2024 Jan 19;103(3):e36905.
4. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Breastfeeding’s protective role in alleviating breast cancer
burden: A comprehensive review. Annals of Medicine and Surgery.:10-97.
5. Obeagu EI, Ahmed YA, Obeagu GU, Bunu UO, Ugwu OP, Alum EU. Biomarkers of breast
cancer: Overview. Int. J. Curr. Res. Biol. Med. 2023;1:8-16.
6. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Breaking Ground: PARP Inhibitors and Their Efficacy in Breast
Cancer Stages. Elite Journal of Medicine. 2024;2(2):42-54.
7. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. BRCA Mastery: Redefining Breast Cancer Care through Cutting-
edge Diagnosis and Management. Elite Journal of Medicine. 2024;2(2):55-66.
8. Mohamed QH, Obeagu EI. Genetic Heterogeneity in Breast Cancer: Implications. Elite
Journal of Health Science. 2024;2(1):20-4.
9. Mohamed AF, Obeagu EI. Genetic Influence on Breast Cancer Progression: A Molecular
Perspective. Elite Journal of Medica Science. 2024;2(1):19-22.
10. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Obiezu J, Ezeonwumelu C, Ogunnaya FU, Ngwoke AO, Emeka-
Obi OR, Ugwu OP. Hematologic Support in HIV Patients: Blood Transfusion Strategies
and Immunological Considerations. Applied Sciences (NIJBAS). 2023;3(3).
11. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematological Changes Following Blood Transfusion in Young
Children with Severe Malaria and HIV: A Critical Review. Elite Journal of Laboratory
Medicine. 2024;2(1):33-45.

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
5
12. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematological Changes Following Blood Transfusion in Young
Children with Severe Malaria and HIV: A Critical Review. Elite Journal of Laboratory
Medicine. 2024;2(1):33-45.
13. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. The Role of Blood Transfusion Strategies in HIV Management:
Current Insights and Future Directions. Elite Journal of Medicine. 2024;2(1):10-22.
14. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Advances in Understanding the Impact of Blood Transfusion on
Anemia Resolution in HIV-Positive Children with Severe Malaria: A Comprehensive
Review. Elite Journal of Haematology. 2024;2(1):26-41.
15. Obeagu EI, Babar Q, Obeagu GU. Allergic blood Transfusion reaction: A Review. Int. J.
Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2021;7(5):25-33.
16. Obeagu EI, Ubosi NI, Uzoma G. Maternal Hemorrhage and Blood Transfusions:
Safeguarding Pregnancy Health. Int. J. Curr. Res. Chem. Pharm. Sci. 2023;10(11):26-35.
17. Obeagu EI, Okwuanaso CB, Edoho SH, Obeagu GU. Under-nutrition among HIV-exposed
Uninfected Children: A Review of African Perspective. Madonna University journal of
Medicine and Health Sciences. 2022;2(3):120-127.
18. Obeagu EI, Alum EU, Obeagu GU. Factors associated with prevalence of HIV among
youths: A review of Africa perspective. Madonna University journal of Medicine and
Health Sciences. 2023;3(1):13-18.
https://madonnauniversity.edu.ng/journals/index.php/medicine/article/view/93.
19. Obeagu EI. A Review of Challenges and Coping Strategies Faced by HIV/AIDS
Discordant Couples. Madonna University journal of Medicine and Health Sciences. 2023
;3(1):7-12.
https://madonnauniversity.edu.ng/journals/index.php/medicine/article/view/91.
20. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. An update on premalignant cervical lesions and cervical cancer
screening services among HIV positive women. J Pub Health Nutri. 2023; 6 (2). 2023;
141:1-2. links/63e538ed64252375639dd0df/An-update-on-premalignant-cervical-lesions-
and-cervical-cancer-screening-services-among-HIV-positive-women.pdf.
21. Ezeoru VC, Enweani IB, Ochiabuto O, Nwachukwu AC, Ogbonna US, Obeagu EI.
Prevalence of Malaria with Anaemia and HIV status in women of reproductive age in
Onitsha, Nigeria. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2021;33(4):10-19.
22. Omo-Emmanuel UK, Chinedum OK, Obeagu EI. Evaluation of laboratory logistics
management information system in HIV/AIDS comprehensive health facilities in Bayelsa
State, Nigeria. Int J Curr Res Med Sci. 2017;3(1): 21-38.DOI:
10.22192/ijcrms.2017.03.01.004
23. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Musiimenta E, Bot YS, Hassan AO. Factors contributing to low
utilization of HIV counseling and testing services. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2023;9(2):
1-5.DOI: 10.22192/ijcrms.2023.09.02.001
24. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. An update on survival of people living with HIV in Nigeria. J Pub
Health Nutri. 2022; 5 (6). 2022;129. links/645b4bfcf3512f1cc5885784/An-update-on-
survival-of-people-living-with-HIV-in-Nigeria.pdf.
25. Offie DC, Obeagu EI, Akueshi C, Njab JE, Ekanem EE, Dike PN, Oguh DN. Facilitators
and barriers to retention in HIV care among HIV infected MSM attending Community

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
6
Health Center Yaba, Lagos Nigeria. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International.
2021;33(52B):10-19.
26. Obeagu EI, Ogbonna US, Nwachukwu AC, Ochiabuto O, Enweani IB, Ezeoru VC.
Prevalence of Malaria with Anaemia and HIV status in women of reproductive age in
Onitsha, Nigeria. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2021;33(4):10-19.
27. Borazanci E, Saluja A, Gockerman J, Velagapudi M, Korn R, Von Hoff D, Greeno E.
First-in-Human Phase I Study of Minnelide in Patients With Advanced Gastrointestinal
Cancers: Safety, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Antitumor Activity. The
Oncologist. 2024;29(2):132-41.
28. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Transfusion-Related Complications in Children Under 5 with
Coexisting HIV and Severe Malaria: A Review. Int. J. Curr. Res. Chem. Pharm. Sci.
2024;11(2):9-19.
29. ObeaguEI AA, Obeagu GU. Synergistic Effects of Blood Transfusion and HIV in Children
Under 5 Years with Severe Malaria: A Review. Elite Journal of HIV. 2024;2(1):31-50.
30. Obeagu EI, Anyiam AF, Obeagu GU. Managing Anemia in HIV through Blood
Transfusions: Clinical Considerations and Innovations. Elite Journal of HIV. 2024;2(1):16-
30.
31. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Transfusion Therapy in HIV: Risk Mitigation and Benefits for
Improved Patient Outcomes. Sciences. 2024;4(1):32-37.
32. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Obiezu J, Ezeonwumelu C, Ogunnaya FU, Ngwoke AO, Ugwu
OP. Immunomodulatory Effects of Transfusions on Maternal Immunity in Pregnancy.
Applied Sciences (NIJBAS). 2023;3(3).
33. Obeagu EI, Babar Q, Uduchi IO, Ibekwe AM, Chijioke UO, Okafor CJ, Vincent CC. An
Update on Transfusion Related Immunomodulation (TRIM) in a Time of COVID-19
Pandemic. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2021 Aug 27;33(42A):135-
146.
34. Okoroiwu IL, Obeagu EI, Elemchukwu Q, Ochei KC, Christian GS. Frequency of
Transfusion Reactions Following Compatible Cross Matching of Blood: A Study in Owerri
Metropolis. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review.
2015;3(1):155-160.
35. Obeagu EI, Oshim IO, Ochei KC, Obeagu GU. Iron and blood donation: A Review. Int. J.
Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2016;2(10):16-48.
36. Odo M, Ochei KC, Obeagu EI, Barinaadaa A, Eteng UE, Ikpeme M, Bassey JO, Paul AO.
TB Infection Control in TB/HIV Settings in Cross River State, Nigeria: Policy Vs Practice.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2020;32(22):101-119.
37. Obeagu EI, Eze VU, Alaeboh EA, Ochei KC. Determination of haematocrit level and iron
profile study among persons living with HIV in Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria. J
BioInnovation. 2016; 5:464-471. links/592bb4990f7e9b9979a975cf/DETERMINATION-
OF-HAEMATOCRIT-LEVEL-AND-IRON-PROFILE-STUDY-AMONG-PERSONS-
LIVING-WITH-HIV-IN-UMUAHIA-ABIA-STATE-NIGERIA.pdf.
38. Ifeanyi OE, Obeagu GU. The values of prothrombin time among HIV positive patients in
FMC owerri. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences.

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
7
2015;4(4):911-916.
https://www.academia.edu/download/38320140/Obeagu_Emmanuel_Ifeanyi_and_Obeag
u__Getrude_Uzoma2.EMMA1.pdf.
39. Izuchukwu IF, Ozims SJ, Agu GC, Obeagu EI, Onu I, Amah H, Nwosu DC, Nwanjo HU,
Edward A, Arunsi MO. Knowledge of preventive measures and management of HIV/AIDS
victims among parents in Umuna Orlu community of Imo state Nigeria. Int. J. Adv. Res.
Biol. Sci. 2016;3(10): 55-65.DOI; 10.22192/ijarbs.2016.03.10.009
40. Chinedu K, Takim AE, Obeagu EI, Chinazor UD, Eloghosa O, Ojong OE, Odunze U. HIV
and TB co-infection among patients who used Directly Observed Treatment Short-course
centres in Yenagoa, Nigeria. IOSR J Pharm Biol Sci. 2017;12(4):70-75.
links/5988ab6d0f7e9b6c8539f73d/HIV-and-TB-co-infection-among-patients-who-used-
Directly-Observed-Treatment-Short-course-centres-in-Yenagoa-Nigeria.pdf
41. Oloro OH, Oke TO, Obeagu EI. Evaluation of Coagulation Profile Patients with Pulmonary
Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. Madonna
University journal of Medicine and Health Sciences. 2022;2(3):110-119.
42. Nwosu DC, Obeagu EI, Nkwocha BC, Nwanna CA, Nwanjo HU, Amadike JN, Elendu
HN, Ofoedeme CN, Ozims SJ, Nwankpa P. Change in Lipid Peroxidation Marker (MDA)
and Non enzymatic Antioxidants (VIT C & E) in HIV Seropositive Children in an Urban
Community of Abia State. Nigeria. J. Bio. Innov. 2016;5(1):24-30.
links/5ae735e9a6fdcc5b33eb8d6a/CHANGE-IN-LIPID-PEROXIDATION-MARKER-
MDAAND-NON-ENZYMATIC-ANTIOXIDANTS-VIT-C-E-IN-HIV-
SEROPOSITIVE-CHILDREN-IN-AN-URBAN-COMMUNITY-OF-ABIA-STATE-
NIGERIA.pdf.
43. Igwe CM, Obeagu IE, Ogbuabor OA. Clinical characteristics of people living with
HIV/AIDS on ART in 2014 at tertiary health institutions in Enugu, Nigeria. J Pub Health
Nutri. 2022; 5 (6). 2022;130. links/645a166f5762c95ac3817d32/Clinical-characteristics-
of-people-living-with-HIV-AIDS-on-ART-in-2014-at-tertiary-health-institutions-in-
Enugu.pdf.
44. Ifeanyi OE, Obeagu GU, Ijeoma FO, Chioma UI. The values of activated partial
thromboplastin time (APTT) among HIV positive patients in FMC Owerri. Int J Curr Res
Aca Rev. 2015; 3:139-144.
https://www.academia.edu/download/38320159/Obeagu_Emmanuel_Ifeanyi3__et_al.IJC
RAR.pdf.
45. Obiomah CF, Obeagu EI, Ochei KC, Swem CA, Amachukwu BO. Hematological indices
o HIV seropositive subjects in Nnamdi Azikiwe University teaching hospital (NAUTH),
Nnewi. Ann Clin Lab Res. 2018;6(1):1-4.
links/5aa2bb17a6fdccd544b7526e/Haematological-Indices-of-HIV-Seropositive-
Subjects-at-Nnamdi-Azikiwe.pdf
46. Omo-Emmanuel UK, Ochei KC, Osuala EO, Obeagu EI, Onwuasoanya UF. Impact of
prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV on positivity rate in
Kafanchan, Nigeria. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2017;3(2): 28-34.DOI:
10.22192/ijcrms.2017.03.02.005

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
8
47. Aizaz M, Abbas FA, Abbas A, Tabassum S, Obeagu EI. Alarming rise in HIV cases in
Pakistan: Challenges and future recommendations at hand. Health Science Reports.
2023;6(8):e1450.
48. Obeagu EI, Amekpor F, Scott GY. An update of human immunodeficiency virus infection:
Bleeding disorders. J Pub Health Nutri. 2023; 6 (1). 2023;139.
links/645b4a6c2edb8e5f094d9bd9/An-update-of-human-immunodeficiency-virus-
infection-Bleeding.pdf.
49. Obeagu EI, Scott GY, Amekpor F, Ofodile AC, Edoho SH, Ahamefula C. Prevention of
New Cases of Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Pragmatic Approaches of Saving Life in
Developing Countries. Madonna University journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.
2022;2(3):128-134.
https://madonnauniversity.edu.ng/journals/index.php/medicine/article/view/86.
50. Walter O, Anaebo QB, Obeagu EI, Okoroiwu IL. Evaluation of Activated Partial
Thromboplastin Time and Prothrombin Time in HIV and TB Patients in Owerri
Metropolis. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2022:29-34.
51. Ogar CO, Okoroiwu HU, Obeagu EI, Etura JE, Abunimye DA. Assessment of blood supply
and usage pre-and during COVID-19 pandemic: a lesson from non-voluntary donation.
Transfusion Clinique et Biologique. 2021;28(1):68-72.
52. Anyiam AF, Arinze-Anyiam OC, Irondi EA, Obeagu EI. Distribution of ABO and rhesus
blood grouping with HIV infection among blood donors in Ekiti State Nigeria. Medicine.
2023;102(47): e36342.
53. Obeagu EI. Blood Transfusion: A Powerful Process of Saving Anaemic Patients. EC
Emergency Medicine and Critical Care. 2020;4(7):33-40.
54. Obeagu EI, Buhari HA. Implications of Blood Transfusion in Renal Disease Patients. Int.
J. Curr. Res. Chem. Pharm. Sci. 2023;10(10):45-49.
55. Anyiam AF, Arinze-Anyiam OC, Omosigho PO, Ibrahim M, Irondi EA, Obeagu EI, Obi
E. Blood Group, Genotype, Malaria, Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose Screening Among
Selected Adults of a Community in Kwara State: Implications to Public Health. Asian
Hematology Research Journal. 2022;6(3):9-17.
56. Odo M, Ochei KC, Obeagu EI, Barinaadaa A, Eteng EU, Ikpeme M, Bassey JO, Paul AO.
Cascade variabilities in TB case finding among people living with HIV and the use of IPT:
assessment in three levels of care in cross River State, Nigeria. Journal of Pharmaceutical
Research International. 2020;32(24):9-18.
57. Jakheng SP, Obeagu EI. Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus based on
demographic and risk factors among pregnant women attending clinics in Zaria Metropolis,
Nigeria. J Pub Health Nutri. 2022; 5 (8). 2022;137.
links/6317a6b1acd814437f0ad268/Seroprevalence-of-human-immunodeficiency-virus-
based-on-demographic-and-risk-factors-among-pregnant-women-attending-clinics-in-
Zaria-Metropolis-Nigeria.pdf.
58. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. A Review of knowledge, attitudes and socio-demographic factors
associated with non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with
HIV/AIDS. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci. 2023;10(9):135-142.DOI:

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
9
10.22192/ijarbs.2023.10.09.015 links/6516faa61e2386049de5e828/A-Review-of-
knowledge-attitudes-and-socio-demographic-factors-associated-with-non-adherence-to-
antiretroviral-therapy-among-people-living-with-HIV-AIDS.pdf
59. Obeagu EI, Onuoha EC. Tuberculosis among HIV Patients: A review of Prevalence and
Associated Factors. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci. 2023;10(9):128-134.DOI:
10.22192/ijarbs.2023.10.09.014 links/6516f938b0df2f20a2f8b0e0/Tuberculosis-among-
HIV-Patients-A-review-of-Prevalence-and-Associated-Factors.pdf.
60. Obeagu EI, Ibeh NC, Nwobodo HA, Ochei KC, Iwegbulam CP. Haematological indices of
malaria patients coinfected with HIV in Umuahia. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci.
2017;3(5):100-104.DOI: 10.22192/ijcrms.2017.03.05.014
https://www.academia.edu/download/54317126/Haematological_indices_of_malaria_pati
ents_coinfected_with_HIV.pdf
61. Jakheng SP, Obeagu EI, Abdullahi IO, Jakheng EW, Chukwueze CM, Eze GC, Essien UC,
Madekwe CC, Madekwe CC, Vidya S, Kumar S. Distribution Rate of Chlamydial Infection
According to Demographic Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Clinics in Zaria
Metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria. South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology.
2022;13(2):26-31.
62. Viola N, Kimono E, Nuruh N, Obeagu EI. Factors Hindering Elimination of Mother to
Child Transmission of HIV Service Uptake among HIV Positive Women at Comboni
Hospital Kyamuhunga Bushenyi District. Asian Journal of Dental and Health Sciences.
2023;3(2):7-14. http://ajdhs.com/index.php/journal/article/view/39.
63. Okorie HM, Obeagu Emmanuel I, Okpoli Henry CH, Chukwu Stella N. Comparative study
of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) and rapid test screening methods on HIV,
Hbsag, Hcv and Syphilis among voluntary donors in. Owerri, Nigeria. J Clin Commun
Med. 2020;2(3):180-183.DOI: DOI: 10.32474/JCCM.2020.02.000137
links/5f344530458515b7291bd95f/Comparative-Study-of-Enzyme-Linked-
Immunosorbent-Assay-ElISA-and-Rapid-Test-Screening-Methods-on-HIV-HBsAg-
HCV-and-Syphilis-among-Voluntary-Donors-in-Owerri-Nigeria.pdf.
64. Ezugwu UM, Onyenekwe CC, Ukibe NR, Ahaneku JE, Onah CE, Obeagu EI, Emeje PI,
Awalu JC, Igbokwe GE. Use of ATP, GTP, ADP and AMP as an Index of Energy
Utilization and Storage in HIV Infected Individuals at NAUTH, Nigeria: A Longitudinal,
Prospective, Case-Controlled Study. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International.
2021;33(47A):78-84.
65. Emannuel G, Martin O, Peter OS, Obeagu EI, Daniel K. Factors Influencing Early
Neonatal Adverse Outcomes among Women with HIV with Post Dated Pregnancies
Delivering at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Uganda. Asian Journal
of Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2023 Jul 29;6(1):203-211.
http://research.sdpublishers.net/id/eprint/2819/.
66. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Ukibe NR, Oyebadejo SA. Anemia, iron, and HIV: decoding the
interconnected pathways: A review. Medicine. 2024;103(2): e36937.
67. Obeagu EI. An update on susceptibility of individuals to diseases based on ABO blood
groups. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2019;5(3):1-8.

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
10
68. Eze R, Obeagu EI, Nwakulite A, Vincent CC, Ogbodo SO, Ibekwe AM, Okafor CJ,
Chukwurah EF. Frequency of Haemoglobin Genotype Variants, ABO and Rh ‘D’Antigen
among Madonna Undergraduates of South East Origin, Nigeria. Journal of Pharmaceutical
Research International. 2021 May 26;33(29B):149-57.
69. Okoroiwu IL, Obeagu EI, Christian SG, Elemchukwu Q, Ochei KC. Determination of the
haemoglobin, genotype and ABO blood group pattern of some students of Imo State
University, Owerri, Nigeria. International Journal of Current Research and Academic
Review. 2015;3(1):20-27.
70. Oloro OH, Obeagu EI, Puche RO, Lawal OA. Blood Products in Blood Banking:
Preparation and Clinical Importance. Madonna University journal of Medicine and Health
Sciences ISSN: 2814-3035. 2022;2(3):102-109.
71. Igwe MC, Obeagu EI, Ogbuabor AO, Eze GC, Ikpenwa JN, Eze-Steven PE. Socio-
Demographic Variables of People Living with HIV/AIDS Initiated on ART in 2014 at
Tertiary Health Institution in Enugu State. Asian Journal of Research in Infectious
Diseases. 2022;10(4):1-7.
72. Vincent CC, Obeagu EI, Agu IS, Ukeagu NC, Onyekachi-Chigbu AC. Adherence to
Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV/AIDS in Federal Medical Centre, Owerri. Journal of
Pharmaceutical Research International. 2021;33(57A):360-368.
73. Igwe MC, Obeagu EI, Ogbuabor AO. ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS AND
PREDICTORS OF ADHERENCE TO HEALTHCARE OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH
HIV/AIDS IN TERTIARY HEALTH INSTITUTIONS IN ENUGU STATE. Madonna
University journal of Medicine and Health Sciences. 2022;2(3):42-57.
https://madonnauniversity.edu.ng/journals/index.php/medicine/article/view/75.
74. Madekwe CC, Madekwe CC, Obeagu EI. Inequality of monitoring in Human
Immunodeficiency Virus, Tuberculosis and Malaria: A Review. Madonna University
journal of Medicine and Health Sciences. 2022;2(3):6-15.
https://madonnauniversity.edu.ng/journals/index.php/medicine/article/view/69
75. Echendu GE, Vincent CC, Ibebuike J, Asodike M, Naze N, Chinedu EP, Ohale B, Obeagu
EI. WEIGHTS OF INFANTS BORN TO HIV INFECTED MOTHERS: A
PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY IN FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTRE, OWERRI, IMO
STATE. European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research, 2023; 10(8): 564-568
76. Nwosu DC, Nwanjo HU, Okolie NJ, Ikeh K, Ajero CM, Dike J, Ojiegbe GC, Oze GO,
Obeagu EI, Nnatunanya I, Azuonwu O. BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS IN ADULT
HIV PATIENTS ON ANTIRETRQVIRAL THERAPY. World Journal of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015; 4(3): 153-160.
links/5a4fd0500f7e9bbc10526b38/BIOCHEMICAL-ALTERATIONS-IN-ADULT-HIV-
PATIENTS-ON-ANTIRETRQVIRAL-THERAPY.pdf.
77. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Effect of CD4 Counts on Coagulation Parameters among HIV
Positive Patients in Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria. Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Plant
Biol. 2015;2(4):45-49.
78. Obeagu EI, Nwosu DC. Adverse drug reactions in HIV/AIDS patients on highly active
antiretro viral therapy: a review of prevalence. Int. J. Curr. Res. Chem. Pharm. Sci.

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
11
2019;6(12):45-8.DOI: 10.22192/ijcrcps.2019.06.12.004
links/650aba1582f01628f0335795/Adverse-drug-reactions-in-HIV-AIDS-patients-on-
highly-active-antiretro-viral-therapy-a-review-of-prevalence.pdf.
79. Obeagu EI, Scott GY, Amekpor F, Obeagu GU. Implications of CD4/CD8 ratios in Human
Immunodeficiency Virus infections. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2023;9(2):6-13.DOI:
10.22192/ijcrms.2023.09.02.002 links/645a4a462edb8e5f094ad37c/Implications-of-CD4-
CD8-ratios-in-Human-Immunodeficiency-Virus-infections.pdf.
80. Obeagu EI, Ochei KC, Okeke EI, Anode AC. Assessment of the level of haemoglobin and
erythropoietin in persons living with HIV in Umuahia. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci.
2016;2(4):29-33. links/5711c47508aeebe07c02496b/Assessment-of-the-level-of-
haemoglobin-and-erythropoietin-in-persons-living-with-HIV-in-Umuahia.pdf.
81. Ifeanyi OE, Obeagu GU. The Values of CD4 Count, among HIV Positive Patients in FMC
Owerri. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 2015;4(4):906-910.
https://www.academia.edu/download/38320134/Obeagu_Emmanuel_Ifeanyi_and_Obeag
u__Getrude_Uzoma.EMMA2.pdf.
82. Obeagu EI, Okeke EI, Anonde Andrew C. Evaluation of haemoglobin and iron profile
study among persons living with HIV in Umuahia, Abia state, Nigeria. Int. J. Curr. Res.
Biol. Med. 2016;1(2):1-5.
83. Alum EU, Ugwu OP, Obeagu EI, Okon MB. Curtailing HIV/AIDS Spread: Impact of
Religious Leaders. Newport International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
(NIJRMS). 2023;3(2):28-31.
84. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Paul-Chima UO. Stigma Associated With HIV. AIDS: A Review.
Newport International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy (NIJPP). 2023;3(2):64-67.
85. Alum EU, Obeagu EI, Ugwu OP, Aja PM, Okon MB. HIV Infection and Cardiovascular
diseases: The obnoxious Duos. Newport International Journal of Research in Medical
Sciences (NIJRMS). 2023;3(2):95-99.
86. Asemota EA, Njar VE, Aguanah IT, Obeagu EI. Distribution of ABO, Rhesus Blood Group
and Helicobacter Pylori Infection among Secondary School Students in Calabar South
Local Government, Cross River State, Nigeria. Madonna University journal of Medicine
and Health Sciences ISSN: 2814-3035. 2023;3(1):32-45.
87. Obeagu EI, Katya MC. A Systematic Review on Physiological Jaundice: Diagnosis and
Management of the Affected Neonates. Madonna University journal of Medicine and
Health Sciences. 2022;2(3):25-41.
88. Ibebuike JE, Nwokike GI, Nwosu DC, Obeagu EI. A Retrospective Study on Human
Immune Deficiency Virus among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Imo
State University Teaching Hospital. International Journal of Medical Science and Dental
Research, 2018; 1 (2):08-14.
https://www.ijmsdr.org/published%20paper/li1i2/A%20Retrospective%20Study%20on%
20Human%20Immune%20Deficiency%20Virus%20among%20Pregnant%20Women%2
0Attending%20Antenatal%20Clinic%20in%20Imo%20State%20University%20Teaching
%20Hospital.pdf.

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
12
89. Obeagu EI, Obarezi TN, Omeh YN, Okoro NK, Eze OB. Assessment of some
haematological and biochemical parametrs in HIV patients before receiving treatment in
Aba, Abia State, Nigeria. Res J Pharma Biol Chem Sci. 2014; 5:825-830.
90. Obeagu EI, Obarezi TN, Ogbuabor BN, Anaebo QB, Eze GC. Pattern of total white blood
cell and differential count values in HIV positive patients receiving treatment in Federal
Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. International Journal of Life Science,
Biotechnology and Pharama Research. 2014; 391:186-189.
91. Obeagu EI. A Review of Challenges and Coping Strategies Faced by HIV/AIDS
Discordant Couples. Madonna University journal of Medicine and Health Sciences. 2023;
3 (1): 7-12.
92. Oloro OH, Obeagu EI. A Systematic Review on Some Coagulation Profile in HIV
Infection. International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research. 2022;10(5):1-11.
93. Nwosu DC, Obeagu EI, Nkwuocha BC, Nwanna CA, Nwanjo HU, Amadike JN, Ezemma
MC, Okpomeshine EA, Ozims SJ, Agu GC. Alterations in superoxide dismutiase, vitamins
C and E in HIV infected children in Umuahia, Abia state. International Journal of
Advanced Research in Biological Sciences. 2015;2(11):268-271.
94. Obeagu EI, Malot S, Obeagu GU, Ugwu OP. HIV resistance in patients with Sickle Cell
Anaemia. Newport International Journal of Scientific and Experimental Sciences
(NIJSES). 2023;3(2):56-59.
95. Ifeanyi OE, Uzoma OG, Stella EI, Chinedum OK, Abum SC. Vitamin D and insulin
resistance in HIV sero positive individuals in Umudike. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci.
2018;4(2):104-108.
96. Ifeanyi OE, Leticia OI, Nwosu D, Chinedum OK. A Review on blood borne viral
infections: universal precautions. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci. 2018;5(6):60-66.
97. Nwovu AI, Ifeanyi OE, Uzoma OG, Nwebonyi NS. Occurrence of Some Blood Borne
Viral Infection and Adherence to Universal Precautions among Laboratory Staff in Federal
Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State. Arch Blood Transfus Disord. 2018;1(2).
98. Chinedu K, Takim AE, Obeagu EI, Chinazor UD, Eloghosa O, Ojong OE, Odunze U. HIV
and TB co-infection among patients who used Directly Observed Treatment Short-course
centres in Yenagoa, Nigeria. IOSR J Pharm Biol Sci. 2017;12(4):70-75.
99. Offie DC, Obeagu EI, Akueshi C, Njab JE, Ekanem EE, Dike PN, Oguh DN. Facilitators
and barriers to retention in HIV care among HIV infected MSM attending Community
Health Center Yaba, Lagos Nigeria. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International.
2021;33(52B):10-19.
100. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Ede MO, Odo EO, Buhari HA. Translation of HIV/AIDS
knowledge into behavior change among secondary school adolescents in Uganda: A
review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(49): e36599. doi:
10.1097/MD.0000000000036599. PMID: 38065920; PMCID: PMC10713174.
101. Anyiam AF, Arinze-Anyiam OC, Irondi EA, Obeagu EI. Distribution of ABO and
rhesus blood grouping with HIV infection among blood donors in Ekiti State Nigeria.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(47): e36342. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036342.
PMID: 38013335; PMCID: PMC10681551.

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
13
102. Echefu SN, Udosen JE, Akwiwu EC, Akpotuzor JO, Obeagu EI. Effect of
Dolutegravir regimen against other regimens on some hematological parameters, CD4
count and viral load of people living with HIV infection in South Eastern Nigeria. Medicine
(Baltimore). 2023;102(47): e35910. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000035910. PMID:
38013350; PMCID: PMC10681510.
103. Opeyemi AA, Obeagu EI. Regulations of malaria in children with human
immunodeficiency virus infection: A review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(46):
e36166. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036166. PMID: 37986340; PMCID:
PMC10659731.
104. Alum EU, Obeagu EI, Ugwu OPC, Samson AO, Adepoju AO, Amusa MO.
Inclusion of nutritional counseling and mental health services in HIV/AIDS management:
A paradigm shift. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(41): e35673. doi:
10.1097/MD.0000000000035673. PMID: 37832059; PMCID: PMC10578718.
105. Aizaz M, Abbas FA, Abbas A, Tabassum S, Obeagu EI. Alarming rise in HIV cases
in Pakistan: Challenges and future recommendations at hand. Health Sci Rep. 2023;6(8):
e1450. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1450. PMID: 37520460; PMCID: PMC10375546.
106. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Obiezu J, Ezeonwumelu C, Ogunnaya FU, Ngwoke AO,
Emeka-Obi OR, Ugwu OP. Hematologic Support in HIV Patients: Blood Transfusion
Strategies and Immunological Considerations. APPLIED SCIENCES (NIJBAS).
2023;3(3).
107. Obeagu EI, Ubosi NI, Uzoma G. Storms and Struggles: Managing HIV Amid
Natural Disasters. Int. J. Curr. Res. Chem. Pharm. Sci. 2023;10(11):14-25.
108. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and tuberculosis
infection: A review of prevalence of associated factors. Int. J. Adv. Multidiscip. Res.
2023;10(10):56-62.
109. Obeagu EI, Malot S, Obeagu GU, Ugwu OP. HIV resistance in patients with Sickle
Cell Anaemia. Newport International Journal of Scientific and Experimental Sciences
(NIJSES). 2023;3(2):56-9.
110. Alum EU, Ugwu OP, Obeagu EI, Aja PM, Okon MB, Uti DE. Reducing HIV
Infection Rate in Women: A Catalyst to reducing HIV Infection pervasiveness in Africa.
International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research. 2023;11(10):01-6.
111. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Unmasking the Truth: Addressing Stigma in the Fight
Against HIV. Elite Journal of Public Health. 2024;2(1):8-22.
112. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Ukibe NR, Oyebadejo SA. Anemia, iron, and HIV:
decoding the interconnected pathways: A review. Medicine. 2024 Jan 12;103(2):e36937.
113. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Okwuanaso CB. Optimizing Immune Health in HIV
Patients through Nutrition: A Review. Elite Journal of Immunology. 2024;2(1):14-33.
114. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. CD8 Dynamics in HIV Infection: A Synoptic Review.
Elite Journal of Immunology. 2024;2(1):1-3.
115. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Implications of B Lymphocyte Dysfunction in HIV/AIDS.
Elite Journal of Immunology. 2024;2(1):34-46.

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
14
116. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Utilization of immunological ratios in HIV: Implications
for monitoring and therapeutic strategies. Medicine. 2024 Mar 1;103(9):e37354.
117. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Understanding B Lymphocyte Functions in HIV Infection:
Implications for Immune Dysfunction and Therapeutic Strategies. Elite Journal of
Medicine. 2024;2(1):35-46.
118. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Platelet-Driven Modulation of HIV: Unraveling
Interactions and Implications. Journal home page: http://www. journalijiar. com.;12(01).
119. Obeagu EI, Anyiam AF, Obeagu GU. Managing Hematological Complications in
HIV: Erythropoietin Considerations. Elite Journal of HIV. 2024;2(1):65-78.
120. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Hauwa BA, Umar AI. Neutrophil Dynamics: Unveiling
Their Role in HIV Progression within Malaria Patients. Journal home page: http://www.
journalijiar. com.;12(01).
121. Obeagu EI, Anyiam AF, Obeagu GU. Erythropoietin Therapy in HIV-Infected
Individuals: A Critical Review. Elite Journal of HIV. 2024;2(1):51-64.
122. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Maternal Influence on Infant Immunological Responses
to HIV: A Review. Elite Journal of Laboratory Medicine. 2024;2(1):46-58.
123. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Counting Cells, Shaping Fates: CD4/CD8 Ratios in HIV.
Elite Journal of Scientific Research and Review. 2024;2(1):37-50.
124. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Eosinophil Dynamics in Pregnancy among Women Living
with HIV: A Comprehensive Review. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2024;10(1):11-24.
125. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. The Crucial Involvement of CD8 in HIV Progression: A
Review. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2024;10(2):15-25.
126. Obeagu EI, Ubosi NI, Obeagu GU, Obeagu AA. Nutritional Strategies for
Enhancing Immune Resilience in HIV: A Review. Int. J. Curr. Res. Chem. Pharm. Sci.
2024;11(2):41-51.
127. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Synergistic Effects of Blood Transfusion and HIV in
Children Under 5 Years with Severe Malaria: A Review. Elite Journal of HIV.
2024;2(1):31-50.
128. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. The Role of Blood Transfusion Strategies in HIV
Management: Current Insights and Future Directions. Elite Journal of Medicine.
2024;2(1):10-22.
129. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Hauwa BA, Umar AI. Hematocrit Variations in HIV
Patients Co-infected with Malaria: A Comprehensive Review. Journal home page:
http://www. journalijiar. com.;12(01).
130. Obeagu EI, Anyiam AF, Obeagu GU. Managing Anemia in HIV through Blood
Transfusions: Clinical Considerations and Innovations. Elite Journal of HIV. 2024;2(1):16-
30.
131. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematocrit Fluctuations in HIV Patients Co-infected with
Malaria Parasites: A Comprehensive Review. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 2024;10(1):25-
36.

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
15
132. Obeagu EI, Anyiam AF, Obeagu GU. Unveiling B Cell Mediated Immunity in HIV
Infection: Insights, Challenges, and Potential Therapeutic Avenues. Elite Journal of HIV.
2024;2(1):1-5.
133. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) as a Prognostic Marker
for Anemia Severity in HIV Patients: A Comprehensive Review. Journal home page:
http://www. journalijiar. com.;12(01).
134. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematological Changes Following Blood Transfusion in
Young Children with Severe Malaria and HIV: A Critical Review. Elite Journal of
Laboratory Medicine. 2024;2(1):33-45.
135. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Eosinophil-Associated Changes in Neonatal Thymic T
Regulatory Cell Populations in HIV-Infected Pregnancies. Elite Journal of Health Science.
2024;2(1):33-42.
136. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Advances in Understanding the Impact of Blood
Transfusion on Anemia Resolution in HIV-Positive Children with Severe Malaria: A
Comprehensive Review. Elite Journal of Haematology. 2024;2(1):26-41.
137. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Odo EO, Igwe MC, Ugwu OP, Alum EU, Racheal P.
Combatting Stigma: Essential Steps in Halting HIV Spread. IAA Journal of Applied
Sciences. 2024;11(1):22-9.
138. Obeagu EI, Ubosi NI, Obeagu GU, Akram M. Early Infant Diagnosis: Key to
Breaking the Chain of HIV Transmission. Elite Journal of Public Health. 2024;2(1):52-61.
139. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Maternal Eosinophilic Responses in HIV-Positive
Pregnant Women: Unraveling Immunological Dynamics for Improved Maternal-Fetal
Health. Elite Journal of Immunology. 2024;2(1):47-64.
140. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. The Intricate Relationship Between Erythropoietin and
HIV-Induced Anemia: Unraveling Pathways for Therapeutic Insights. Int. J. Curr. Res.
Chem. Pharm. Sci. 2024;11(2):30-40.
141. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. The Intricate Relationship Between Erythropoietin and
HIV-Induced Anemia: Unraveling Pathways for Therapeutic Insights. Int. J. Curr. Res.
Chem. Pharm. Sci. 2024;11(2):30-40.
142. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. The Crucial Role of Erythropoietin in Managing Anemia
in HIV: A Review. Elite Journal of Scientific Research and Review. 2024;2(1):24-36.
143. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Eosinophilic Changes in Placental Tissues of HIV-
Positive Pregnant Women: A Review. Elite Journal of Laboratory Medicine. 2024;2(1):14-
32.
144. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Transfusion Therapy in HIV: Risk Mitigation and Benefits
for Improved Patient Outcomes. Sciences. 2024;4(1):32-7.
145. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. The Impact of Erythropoietin on Preeclampsia in HIV-
Positive Women: A Review. Elite Journal of Nursing and Health Science. 2024;2(1):21-
31.
146. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Strength in Unity: Building Support Networks for HIV
Patients in Uganda. Elite Journal of Medicine. 2024;2(1):1-6.

Elite Journal of Medical Sciences. Volume 2 issue 2(2024), Pp.20-35
https://epjournals.com/journals/EJMS
Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Hematologic Considerations in Breast Cancer Patients with
HIV: Insights into Blood Transfusion Strategies. Elite Journal of Health Science, 2024; 2(2): 20-
35
16
147. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Mental Health and Psychosocial Effects of natural disaster
on HIV Patients. Sciences. 2024;4(1):38-44.
148. Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Transfusion-Related Complications in Children Under 5
with Coexisting HIV and Severe Malaria: A Review. Int. J. Curr. Res. Chem. Pharm. Sci.
2024;11(2):9-19.