Conference PaperPDF Available

Following in the footsteps of Murchison : The discovery of the Silurian and the Brecon Anticlinal HOGG Field Meeting

Authors:
  • Independent Researcher and The Geographical Association

Abstract and Figures

Sir Roderick Impey Murchison was one of the most important figures in 19th century geology and exploration. He was Director-General of the Geological Survey, President of the Royal Geographical Society and publicly known as the ‘King of Siluria’. In July 1831, on his first field season as a solo geologist, Murchison explored the Wye Valley. Retrospectively, over his diary entry for one of the locations we shall visit, he wrote “This was the first true Silurian”. The meeting and excursions explore Murchison’s field visits to the region in the early 1830s to gain a perspective on Murchison the man, his methods and geological thinking, how he modified the standard geological map of the time and how his visits to this area contributed to the publication of The Silurian System. A mix of recent and original notes, maps diagrams, sketches will be used to illustrate and follow in the footsteps of Murchison.
Content may be subject to copyright.
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Article
The rocks to be described in this paper occupy an area of about 22 square miles in the counties of Radnorshire and Breconshire, which includes the Wye valley between Builth and Erwood station and the hilly ground south of Builth. It is represented on the following six-inch Ordnance Survey maps: Brecknock XI N.E. (Radnor XXXI N.E.), XI S.E., XII N.W. (Radnor XXXII N.W.), XII S.W. (Radnor XXXII S.W.), XV N.E., and XVI N.W. (Radnor XXXV N.W.). The latest geological maps are those of the Geological Survey, Old Series, No. 56 S.W. (1850) and 42 N.W. (1845, with additional Silurian hues in 1855 and 1856). The strata form an apparently continuous succession, mainly of shelly mudstones and shales, between the graptolitic shales of the zones of Monograptus nilssoni and M. scanicus and the unfossiliferous green marls at the base of the Old Red Sandstone. The faunal succession remains constant throughout the limited area under consideration, but the stratigraphical distribution of many of the common species differs from that of the classical region of Shropshire. The absence of the Aymestry Limestone and such characteristic members of its fauna as Conchidium knighti and Strophonella euglypha is a further point of difference. In view of such differences it has not been possible to adopt in its entirety the well-known classification proposed for rocks of the Ludlow district (Elles and Slater 1906, p. 198). There is in central Wales, however, such an extensive development of Ludlow sediments of the type displayed to good advantage in
Killas (Greywacke) (buff) and Trap (green) Pages 30-31 extracted from: Walter Davies (1814) General view of the agriculture and domestic economy of south Wales
  • Greenough's
Greenough's 1819 Geological Map of the area between Brecon and Builth Wells Showing Old Red Sandstone, Transition Limestone (blue), Killas (Greywacke) (buff) and Trap (green) Pages 30-31 extracted from: Walter Davies (1814) General view of the agriculture and domestic economy of south Wales; containing the counties of Brecon, Caermarthen, Cardigan, Glamorgan, Pembroke, Radnor, Vol. 1. Drawn up for the Consideration of The Boars of Agriculture and for Internal Improvement. Sherwood, Neely &Jones: Paternoster Row.
The First True Silurian' : an evaluation of the site of Murchison's discovery of the Silurian
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John Murray, London. GEIKIE, A. 1897. The Founders of Geology. Macmillan, London. GREENOUGH, G. B. 1819. Geological Map of England and Wales. Longman, London. HAWLEY, D. 1997. 'The First True Silurian' : an evaluation of the site of Murchison's discovery of the Silurian. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 108, 131-140.
On the structure and classification of the Transition rocks of Shropshire, Herefordshire and part of Wales, and on the Lines of Disturbance which have affected that series of Deposits, including the Valley of Elevation of Woolhope
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MURCHISON, R. I. 1834. On the structure and classification of the Transition rocks of Shropshire, Herefordshire and part of Wales, and on the Lines of Disturbance which have affected that series of Deposits, including the Valley of Elevation of Woolhope. Proceedings of the Geological Society, 2, 13-18.
Reddish marls & Nodules 5. -Red Green & regularly variegated ___ red is______ on harder shale
  • Battle Fawr
Battle Fawr. Reddish marls & Nodules 5. -Red Green & regularly variegated ___ red is______ on harder shale.
The Silurian of the Newbridge-Builth-Mynydd Eppynt area
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BASSETT, M. 1993. The Silurian of the Newbridge-Builth-Mynydd Eppynt area. In (Woodcock, N. H. & Bassett, M. G.; eds) Geological Excursions in Powys Central Wales. University of Wales Press, National Museum of Wales, Cardiff, 281-300.
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CHERNS, L. 1993. The Silurian of the Wye valley south of Builth. In (Woodcock, N. H. & Bassett, M. G.; eds) Geological Excursions in Powys Central Wales. University of Wales Press, National Museum of Wales, Cardiff. 301-310.