Dinesh Kumar Yadav

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common after coronavirus 2 infection (COVID-19), leading to higher morbidity and mortality. There is little prospective data from India regarding the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of AKI in COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted prospectively in adult patients between September and...

Background Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome (DDS) is a rare but significant concern in adult and pediatric patients undergoing dialysis initiation with advanced uremia or if done after an interval. It is imperative to gain insights into the epidemiological patterns, pathophysiological mechanisms, and preventive strategies aimed at averting the onse...

Background Despite being a common infection in end-stage kidney disease patients, there are no evidence-based guidelines to suggest the ideal time of transplantation in patients on antitubercular therapy (ATT). This study aimed to examine the outcome of transplantation in patients while on ATT compared with those without tuberculosis (TB). Methods...

Introduction The role of induction in low-risk, living-donor kidney transplants being treated with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisolone is debatable. Methods This was a retrospective study that consisted of patients undergoing living kidney transplantation between February 2010 and June 2021 with a related haplomatch donor, with mai...

Introduction Continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) is the preferred modality in critically ill children with acute kidney injury. Upon improvement, intermittent hemodialysis is usually initiated as a step‐down therapy, which can be associated with several adverse events. Hybrid therapies such as Sustained low‐efficiency daily dialysis with p...

There is a paucity of literature about the outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 after kidney transplantation in developing countries (e.g., India). We included 50 consecutive kidney transplant recipients diagnosed with COVID-19 from August 2020 to December 2020. The mean age was 5...

Introduction There is a dearth of data regarding the consequences of ABO-incompatible kidney transplant (ABOiKTx) amongst post-COVID-19 candidates. Methodology The study was designed as a retrospective, multi-centric cohort study across 11 sites in India, from August 2020 to December 2021. The data for ABOiKTx conducted for post-COVID-19 candidate...

Background There is an enormous knowledge gap on management strategies, clinical outcomes, and follow-up after kidney transplantation (KT) in recipients that have recovered from coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods We conducted a multi-center, retrospective analysis in 23 Indian transplant centres between June 26, 2020 to December 1, 2021 on KT...

Background. COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is a recently emerging entity. There is a lack of reports of CAM in organ transplant recipients. Methods. We conducted a multicenter (n = 18) retrospective research in India during November 2020 to July 2021. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical spectrum, outcome and risk factors f...

Background: Invasive mucormycosis (IM) is a life-threatening fungal infection occurring mostly in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, patients with hematological malignancies, and diabetes. A sudden spurt of mucormycosis has been reported in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in India; however, there is litt...

Background: COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is a recently emerging entity. There is a lack of reports of CAM in organ transplant recipients. Methods: We conducted a multicenter (n = 18) retrospective research in India during November 2020 to July 2021. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical spectrum, outcome and risk factor...

Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a sudden drop in renal transplant numbers across India in the initial months of 2020. Although the transplant numbers increased with easing of lockdown, the outcome of these transplants remains unknown. Methods This was a retrospective, observational, multi-center study done across 8...

Background: There is limited current knowledge on feasibility and safety of kidney transplantation in COVID-19 survivors. Methods: We present a retrospective cohort study of 75 kidney transplants in patients who recovered from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed COVID-19 performed across 22 transplant centers in India from July 3, 2020 to...

Background: Panel reactive antibody (PRA) is a screening test to identify the immunological sensitization of the transplant recipients. The current study focuses on the role of PRA in immunological risk stratification in live donor kidney transplant and its correlation with antecedent events and posttransplant outcomes. Methods: This was a prospect...

Background: There is lack of data on feasibility and safety of kidney transplants from living donors who recovered from COVID-19. Methods: Here, we present a retrospective cohort study of 31 kidney transplant recipients (KTR) from living donors who recovered from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed COVID-19 across 19 transplant centers in...

Introduction: Antihuman thymocyte immunoglobulin, used as an induction agent in renal transplantation, is of two types - thymoglobulin and grafalon (formerly ATG-Fresenius). In this study, we compared outcomes with these two agents. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study of patients transplanted from January 2017 to October 2019,...

Background: In critically sick adults, sustained low efficiency dialysis [SLED] appears to be better tolerated hemodynamically and outcomes seem to be comparable to CRRT. However, there is paucity of data in critically sick children. In children, two recent studies from Taiwan (n = 11) and India (n = 68) showed benefits of SLED in critically sick...

Recent literature has endorsed favorable outcomes following ABOi kidney transplantation in pediatric population. Nevertheless, reluctance to pursue an ABOi still remains pervasive. This could be ascribed to various legitimate reasons, namely less extensive pediatric ABOi data, technical difficulties encountered during PP, cost restraints, and conce...

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and effects of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) in children with septic shock. Methodology: Enrolled children with septic shock (n = 31) and sepsis (n = 30) underwent echocardiography and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) estimation within first 3 h. SIMD was defined as presence of systolic/diastolic dys...

Background and aims Severe sepsis is often characterised by disturbances in cardiac function, popularly known as sepsis induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD). SIMD may be systolic (SD), diastolic (DD) or global. Diastolic dysfunction has been infrequently reported in only a few studies on adult patients till date. Detecting DD early in the course h...

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) is characterized by cerebral hemiatrophy with homolateral hypertrophy of the skull and sinuses in association with contralateral hemiplegia, seizures, mental retardation, difficulty, and impairment of speech development. Among the various complications of typhoid fever, neuropsychiatric manifestations constitute...

Among the liver abscesses, thrombosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC) has been reported mainly in amoebic liver abscess (ALA) caused by Entamoeba histolytica (E.H). It is an unusual complication especially in paediatric age group. Association of hypercomplementemia and IVC thrombosis has not been discussed previously. Published data suggest that E....

To describe profile and outcome in children with significant pericardial effusion. Hospital records of 25 children admitted with significant pericardial effusion during January 2010 to March 2013 were analyzed. Thirteen (52%) children had tubercular, 6 (24%) had bacterial, 3 viral, 2 recurrent idiopathic and one had malignant pericardial effusion....

Oral ibuprofen is being used as an alternative to indomethacin in medical management of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), but limited data exist on oral efficacy of these drugs for PDA closure in India. To assess and compare the efficacy of oral ibuprofen and oral indomethacin for PDA closure in preterm Indian neonates, we designed a randomized contr...

Background: Erythromycin is recommended for secondary prophylaxis in children with rheumatic heart disease, who are allergic to penicillin. Case characteristics: A 9-year-old girl, with rheumatic heart disease, on secondary prophylaxis with erythromycin 250 mg BD, presented with acute rheumatic fever. Outcome: Responded to steroids and started...

Vascular complication of liver abscess are rare but life-threatening. We herein report a 2 year 9 month boy with pyogenic hepatic abscess complicated by inferior vena cava thrombus extending to right atrium. Early clinical suspicion aided by ultrasonography and echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis. The child was treated successfully with timely...

Bardet Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, obesity, learning disabilities, hypogonadism and renal anomalies. Cardiomyopathy in association with BBS has previously being reported only twice in literature. We report a case of a patient presenting with features of cardiomyopa...

This study aimed to assess myocardial involvement in infants and children with severe dengue (as per the new World Health Organization [WHO] classification 2009) using the Tei index. This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, PGIMER and the associated Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi from August to December 2010....

The Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS) is a rare, autosomal dominant, pleiotropic, multiple congenital anomaly syndrome. The typical findings include hypertelorism, macrocephaly with frontal bossing, and polysyndactyly. We present two families, with GCPS with a non-syndromic phenotype, without the characteristic craniofacial anomalies and...

We report an one-and-half year old child with Kabuki syndrome who had multiple congenital heart defects – ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of aorta with reversal of shunt from right ventricle to left ventricle suggesting eissenmenger’s physiology. Key words : Eissenmerger’s physiology; gene...

Ruptured sinus of Valsalva is a rare lesion in pediatric age group. We are reporting a twelve year old child with hyperdynamic circulation being diagnosed and treated as Rheumatic heart disease.

Addison's disease is most commonly due to autoimmune adrenalitis and tuberculosis and refers to primary hypoadrenalism caused by a total or near total destruction or dysfunction of both adrenal cortices. Usual manifestations involve chronic fatigue, muscle weakness, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hypotension and hyperpigmentation of...

To investigate the incidence, implicating factors and outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in patients admitted to a pediatric cardiothoracic intensive care unit (ICU). Design: A retrospective review study. Setting: A 10-bed cardiothoracic ICU. Patients: One hundred and twenty-four children (<18 years of age) admi...

A 5-year-old male child presented with progressively increasing asymmetrical overgrowth of limbs, hyperpigmentation on the right half of the body, and mental retardation since 9 months of age.

We report the case of an unusual association of Coffin-Siris syndrome with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome. This association has never previously been reported in the medical literature. A nine-year-old Indian girl was referred to our hospital for growth retardation, mental retardation, lax joints, generalized hypertrichosis, and hypoplasti...