DELLA ROCCA Gianni

Italian National Research Council | CNR · Department of Biology Agriculture and Food Sciences

Abies nebrodensis is a species of fir endemic to Sicily, represented by only 30 trees in the natural population and is currently classified as critically endangered by IUCN. In such context, monitoring its health status is essential for the proper management and preservation of this species. Phytosanitary surveys of trees of the natural population...

The necrotrophic fungus Seiridium cardinale is the main responsible for Cypress Canker Disease (CCD), a pandemic affecting many Cupressaceae worldwide. The present study aims to elucidate the signalling of the early responses in the bark and foliage of CCD‐susceptible and ‐resistant C. sempervirens clones to S. cardinale inoculation (SI and RI, res...

Forests are increasingly threatened by climate change and the Anthropocene seems to have favored the emergence and adaptation of pathogens. Robust monitoring methods are required to prevent biodiversity and ecosystems losses, and this imposes the choice of bioindicators of habitat health. Fungal communities are increasingly recognized as fundamenta...

Since 2012, a severe and widespread decline and mortality affecting several of Mediterranean forest species has been occurred throughout Tunisian forests. In 2017, field surveys showed a progressive dieback of Quercus coccifera L. (kermes oak), including shoot dieback, brown lesions on branches and innumerable pycnidia on infected tissues. For its...

I poligoni esotici, specie del genere Reynoutria, considerati tra le 100 specie invasive più pericolose, stanno colonizzando gli ambienti ripariali di molte regioni italiane, con gravi conseguenze sulla biodiversità e sulla funzionalità di questi ecosistemi. Un progetto di ricerca ha indagato la biologia di queste specie e valutato approcci per con...

Decline phenomena of shrub species such as Quercus coccifera and Retama raetam have occurred throughout Tunisian forests since 2012. These evergreen shrubs have long been regarded for their medicinal and ecological interests. Therefore, their preservation as valuable forest resources is of great interest. However, information regarding aetiology of...

Addressing the impacts of climate change and global warming has become an urgent priority for the planet's well-being. In recent decades the great potential of fungal-based products with characteristics equal to, or even outperforming, classic petroleum-derived products has been acknowledged. These new materials present the added advantage of havin...

Common cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) is widespread in the Mediterranean area and is frequently planted as ornamental tree in parks and gardens. Like other species of Cupressus, common cypress releases a significant amount of the total annual airborne pollen in most regions and is known as responsible for winter pollinosis. Although variation...

Several species of Botryosphaeriaceae family are among the most aggressive pathogens associated with botryosphaeria dieback of agricultural and forestry trees. Particularly, Diplodia spp. having a cosmopolitan distribution, are well-known as virulent of woody plant hosts including Pinus spp. In recent years, symptoms of canopy wilt, branch dieback,...

Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei is an endemic species of the north-west of Sicily located in an 84 ha area in the Madonie Regional park. The relic population is limited to 30 relic adult trees and a fluctuating number of juveniles of natural regeneration. The species is defined as “Critically Endangered” in the Italian list of threatened plants a...

Ink disease is a devastating disease of chestnut (Castanea sativa) worldwide, caused by Phytophthora species. The only management measures of this disease are chemical and agronomic interventions. This work focuses on the evaluation of the in vitro antagonistic capacity of 20 isolates of Trichoderma spp. selected in a diseased chestnut orchard in T...

As human population increases, the demand for new innovative, sustainable, and low impact construction materials also grows. Mycelium-based composites have shown to be an excellent alternative for traditional products ranging from low-density objects to semi-structural applications. They also present the advantage of using the waste streams from ot...

Cypress Canker Disease (CCD) pandemic caused by Seiridium cardinale is the major constraint of many Cupressaceae worldwide. One of the main symptoms of the disease is the flow of resin from the cankered barks. While inducible phloem axial resin duct-like structures (PARDs) have recently been characterized from an anatomical point of view, their act...

Introduction and objective: Traffic pollution has been recognized as directly worsening respiratory symptoms of allergic subjects, although whether urban air pollutants can also directly increase the allergenic potential of pollen has not yet been definitely proven. Therefore, the hypothesis that intra-urban air NO2 variation influences allergens...

Species of Pestalotiopsis occur commonly as plant pathogens. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to identify the causal agent of a shrub disease in northeastern and northern Tunisian forests. Field surveys showed a progressive dieback of branches, twig blight and trunk cankers on Pistacia lentiscus and Quercus coccifera. Pestalotiopsis spp. were...

In forest environments, the spread of pathogens compromises the ecosystem stability affecting biodiversity and forest services. A new frontier to successfully control forest pathogens is the application of locally selected biocontrol agents (BCAs). In Italy, the project LIFE MycoRestore is dealing with the biocontrol of the causal agent of Ink Dise...

LIFE MycoRestore "Innovative use of mycological resources for resilient and productive Mediterranean forests threatened by climate change" (LIFE18/CCA/ES001110) è un progetto cofinanziato dall'Unione Europea (2019-2023) che vede la partecipazione di Istituti di Ricerca e aziende private di Spagna, Italia e Portogallo (https://mycorestore.eu/it/life...

La causa principale della perdita di biodiversità in natura è dovuta all’intervento indiscriminato dell’uomo, responsabile in larga misura dei cambiamenti climatici, della perdita e frammentazione degli habitat, dell’inquinamento, dell’introduzione di specie aliene e del sovrasfruttamento o uso non sostenibile delle risorse naturali. L’Abete delle...

Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1) was detected by specific RT‐PCR in two strains of Cryphonectria parasitica from Azerbaijan in which reduction of laccase activity was also observed. This is the first report of a hypovirus in the chestnut blight fungus in Azerbaijan. Our work opens the way to further investigations devoted to characterizing the Azer...

Forest decline is a widespread phenomenon on coasts throughout the Mediterranean basin. Pathogenic fungi are amongst the main causes of forest tree diseases. Diplodia species, having a cosmopolitan distribution, are well-known as pathogens of woody plant hosts including Pinus spp. In recent years, symptoms of shoot dieback, necrosis, twig blight, c...

Mediterranean forests are facing the impact of pests such as the soilborne Phytophthora cambivora, the causal agent of Ink disease, and this impact is made more severe by global changes. The status and resilience of the soil microbial ecosystem in areas with such a disturbance are little known; however, the assessment of the microbial community is...

Decline phenomena and mortality of Olea europaea var. sylvestris (oleaster) have been reported throughout the forest of Henchir Kort (northeastern of Tunisia). The affected plants show progressive dieback of shoots, twig blight symptoms and trunk canker. The fungi appear to have the most significant potential threat to the disease. However, it has...

The aim of this study was the characterization of constitutive and induced defence mechanisms in the bark tissues of Cupressus sempervirens before and after infection with the bark fungus Seiridium cardinale that is responsible for Cypress Canker Disease. The time-course development of polyphenolic parenchyma cells (PP cells) and phloem axial resin...

Agricultural sustainability is an increasing need considering the challenges posed by climate change and rapid human population growth. The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) may represent an excellent, new agriculture practice to improve soil quality while promoting growth and yield of important crop species subjected to water stre...

Only few woody species of North Africa have been the subject of biogeographical studies, despite the importance of this region, in the Mediterranean area, for the presence of hotspots of endemism and biodiversity, and of refugia. Here, we present research on the Afro-Mediterranean Cupressus spp., which have a discontinuous and fragmented distributi...

To explore the possible relationship between diseased trees and wildfires, we assessed the flammability of canker-resistant and susceptible common cypress clones that were artificially infected with Seiridium cardinale compared to healthy trees. This study explored the effect of terpenoids produced by the host plant in response to infection and the...

Cupressus nevadensis Abrams is one of the rarest cypress species of the New World. Mrs. Leo Polkinghorn was the first to identify a grove of trees growing on Red Hill near Bodfish as different from juniper (Juniperus californica), which abounds south of Lake Isabella. She and Mr. Herziger in 1907 sent specimens to William Dundley at Standford Unive...

Cupressus montana Wiggins is endemic to the Sierra San Pedro Martìr, Mexico. Trees are fairly common at exposed sites along the east‐facing escarpment of the highest peak of the Sierra, notably on the upper slopes of the Picacho del Diablo. C. montana is rather widely distributed over some of the higher parts of the Sierra San Pedro Martir. This sp...

Cupressus lindleyi is considered a native cypress species of Mexico and of Central America (Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras). It is a species with a very wide geographic distribution in 19 Mexican states. As wild tree, C. lindleyi occurs in small groups or as individuals scattered among other tree species in disjunctive and relict populations,...

In 1895 Professor Taumey appeared at that time to doubt that the cypresses found at Pine Creek were the same as those present in the Chiricahua Mountains (Cupressus arizonica). He noted that in the Pine Creek trees the bark “peeled off in long shreds”, a character not observed in the Chiricahua cypresses. Arthur H. Zachau, who had seen the Chiricah...

The Chinese cypress species are not well known and have rarely been described sufficiently well in the literature until now. They are mostly represented by relic populations and often have led to confusion among them because of lack of botanical features and correct distribution (Franco 1969; Silba 1981). Based on the molecular analysis of cypress...

Cupressus sempervirens L. (cypress) is frequently affected by the fungus Seiridium cardinale (Wag.) Sutton & Gibson, the cause the so called cypress canker disease. This investigation deals with the microscopical analysis of the development of the traumatic resin ducts and the ultrastructure of the activity of the epithelial cells of the duct itse...

Leyland cypress is a fast growing coniferous evergreen hybrid. Thanks to its monocormic beautiful habit, its dense green crown tolerating also intense pruning, its adaptability to severe climatic and edaphic conditions, its good tolerance to frost, pollution, salt sprays and marine aerosols, Leyland cypress has been very widely grown in the last de...

Invasive pathogens may follow stepwise spread pathways in which novel disease outbreaks become themselves sources of genotypes initiating novel infestations. Due to its worldwide distribution, Cypress Canker Disease (CCD) provides an opportunity to understand patterns of global spread of a forest pathogen. A comparative genetic analysis was perform...

Leyland cypress is a fast growing coniferous evergreen hybrid. Thanks to its monocormic beautiful habit, its dense green crown tolerating also intense pruning, its adaptability to severe climatic and edaphic conditions, its good tolerance to frost, pollution, salt sprays and marine aerosols, Leyland cypress has been very widely grown in the last de...

Plant pathogens represent, in the contest of global change, a significant constraint to ecosystems which ensure several services including the water cycle regulation. Only healthy forests can fully fulfill with the ecosystem water balance, reducing runoff , regulating the water flow and making the water resource more available for agricultural purp...

Cupressus remains a conservative genus, now mostly represented by relict populations with comparatively little morphological variation. Silba reduced the varieties of C. chengiana to its synonyms because of lack of botanical features and distribution distinguishing them properly. In 1964, Cupressus chengiana was described by Shin Ying Hu as a new s...

The Bentham cypress is native of Mexico. As a wild tree it grows abundantly at elevations between 2400 and 3300 m asl in the central and north western part of Mexico. The distribution of Cupressus benthamii is really not well known. It appears to be generally sympatric with C. lusitanica but to have a more restricted natural distribution.

At IPSP - CNR of Florence, studies on cypress started in the 1970s, following the introduction in Italy of Seiridium cardinale, a pathogenic fungus responsible for the pandemic cypress canker disease (CCD), which has caused significant mortality worldwide in many Cupressaceae. Outbreaks were causing serious economic losses in all the Mediterranean a...

The cypress wood of Fontegreca is located in the Matese National Park, across Molise and Campania. Its presence is documented since 1500, though its origin is uncertain. Also known as 'Bosco degi Zappini', this uneven-aged, native-like cypress stand has been the subject of scientific projects aimed at promoting its ecological, and genetic value and...

Key message Suberin metabolism plays a crucial role in the compartmentalization of the necrotic bark tissues in cypress clones resistant to bark canker caused by Seiridium cardinale. Abstract In cypress, the main mechanism of resistance to the bark canker caused by the fungal pathogen Seiridium cardinale involves the post-infectional development o...

In the Mediterranean region, wildfires are a major disturbance, determined by ecosystem and forest species characteristics. Both the flammability and resistance to fire of a mixed forest may vary from those of the individual species. Two mixed Mediterranean woodlands, a Cupressus sempervirens and Quercus ilex stand in Italy; and a Juniperus thurife...

Geographical and climate characteristics of the sampling sites. Characteristics of the protection mixed forests of Cupressus sempervirens and Quercus ilex in Monte Morello area, Florence (Italy) and of Juniperus thurifera and Quercus faginea in Sela, Guadalajara (Spain).

Litter bed ignition and fire propagation tests were performed on a fire bench using a flaming cube of wood as an ember (a,b) and a cotton wick to simulate the advancing surface fire front (c), respectively.

Stand structure in the C. sempervirens-Q. ilex mixed forest (Florence, Italy) (A), and in the J. thurifera-Q. faginea mixed forest (Guadalajara, Spain) (B).

Shape of twigs with foliage in Q. ilex (C) and C. sempervirens (B) and Q. faginea (A) and J. thurifera (D).

Prevention is hailed as the only successful and cost-effective approach to control the introduction of exotic forest pathogens, and several international policies are in place to avoid such introductions. However, once a pathogen has been introduced and is widely spread in a novel range, regulations are relaxed. Concerns have been voiced about the...

Plant pathogenic fungi are one of the main causes of forest trees diseases. The symptoms of dieback include a foliage yellowing and fall, a drying and necrosis at branches, cankers, deformations, a blackish fluid and flow of rots at the level of the trunks. Symptoms of wilting were observed on one species of scrub: white heather (Erica arborea), lo...

Hlaiem, S., Zouaoui-Boutiti, M., Ben Jemâa, M.L., Della Rocca, G., Barberini, S., and Danti, R. 2018. Identification and pathogenicity of Pestalotiopsis chamaeropis, causal agent of white heather (Erica arborea) dieback, and in vitro biocontrol with the antagonist Trichoderma sp. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection 13 (si): 49-60. Plant pathogenic...

Il CNR-IPSP di Firenze continua le ricerche per migliorare la lotta al Seiridium cardinale, il fungo agente del cancro corticale delle Cupressaceae. In collaborazione col “Forest Pathology and Mycology Lab” dell’Università della California, ha realizzato uno studio sulla patogenicità e la capacità di diffusione e di adattamento del patogeno confr...

L’ampio e diversificato patrimonio forestale della Toscana comprende oltre 1.200.000 ha, che si estendono dalla catena appenninica fino al mare, includendo nelle aree a maggiore altitudine relitti di antichi soprassuoli montani ad abete rosso per scendere fino a formazioni spiccatamente mediterranee dominate da conifere e sclerofille, con una schie...

Nel monitoraggio epidemiologico dell’incidenza del cancro del cipresso svolto dal CNR-IPSP di Firenze, particolare attenzione viene posta alla diffusione della malattia su xCupressocyparis leylandii.

L’Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante del CNR e il Centro di Ricerca per l’agrobiologia e la pedologia del CREA hanno identificato la trasmissione dell’ipovirulenza del cancro corticale del castagno da parte di acari del genere Tryeophagus che si nutrono del patogeno.

Drought is one of the major constraints limiting agricultural production worldwide and is expected to increase in the future. Limited water availability causes significant effects to plant growth and physiology. Plants have evolved different traits to mitigate the stress imposed by drought. The presence of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR...

The ratio between ethylene emission and ACC concentration from leaves of velvet bean plants grown in soil inoculated with Enterobacter spp. and Bacillus spp., or uninoculated. This ratio has been used to estimate the activity of ACC oxidase (ACO activity). The asterisk (*) indicates the significant difference in ACO activity in the leaves of plants...

Effect of Enterobacter spp. and Bacillus spp. soil inoculation on intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) in velvet bean plants under drought stress as a function of fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW). Values are averages ± SE of five replicates (plants). Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences among treatments (P < 0.05). (TIF)

Studies at the root level and how the root-shoot interactions may influence the whole crop performance of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) under limited water conditions are largely missing. In the present study, we illustrate the effects of water stress on some phenotypic traits at the root-shoot levels of two giant reed genotypes (from Morocco and No...

Cupressus stephensonii C. B. Wolf ist eine seltene Zypressenart und kommt in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika in einem Bestand südwestlich des Cuyamaca Peak im San Diego County in Kalifornien und in einem Bestand in Baja California Norte, in der Sierra Juárez, vor. Lokale Ranger kennen das Vorkommen von Zypressen in der King Creek-Region des Cuy...

Abstract Invasive forest pathogens are a major threat to forests worldwide, causing increasing damage. The knowledge of both the specific traits underlying the capacity of a pathogen to become invasive, and the attributes predisposing an environment to invasion are to be thoroughly understood in order to deal with forest invasions. This paper summar...

One of the major factors influencing forest fuel combustion are terpenoids, a fraction of flammable Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) produced and stored by most Mediterranean species. The qualitative and quantitative effect of terpenoids on flammability has been only partially explained. In this study several major terpenoid-storing Medi...

Azerbaijan is a country with small forest areas among which chestnut is one of the main deciduous trees that plays crucial role in formation natural and planted forests. A number of fungal and insect associates threaten the tree, one of which is invasive chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. Disease was reported in the country in 2008. S...

Cypress canker is a pandemic disease of cupressaceous plants caused by Seiridium cardinale (Wagener) Sutton & Gibson, a fungus recently shown to be native to California (Della Rocca et al. 2011). Disease outbreaks in California can be severe, especially in areas where cypresses are not indigenous (Danti and Della Rocca 2017). This paper describes a...

Brief interview to Gianni Della Rocca (in french) concerning the interaction Cupressus sempervirens var. horizontalis plantations ad Fire published in the divulgative journal HORS-SÉRIE SCIENCES ET AVENIR I AVRIL / MAI 2017.

Seiridium cardinale is a fungal pathogen responsible for pandemic cypress canker disease (CCD). The fungus has shown the ability to infect different hosts in many areas throughout the globe, but its spread and impact were favored by conducive environmental conditions. The most severe epidemics were reported in California and the Mediterranean, the...

Cupressus sempervirens L. (Mediterranean cypress) has been traditionally used as a multipurpose tree. In the past, its wood was extensively used as a highly durable raw material in the Mediterranean, but nowadays, production of cypress wood is constrained by the lack of exploitable woods and plantations and by the spread of bark canker. In this stu...

In der Nähe von Barstow (Kalifornien) wurde ein fossiler Zapfen der prä-Forbes-Zypresse (Cupressus pre-forbesii) aufgefunden, der ein geschätztes Alter von 6,5 Mio. Jahren aufweisen soll. 30 000 Jahre alte Samen und Borkenreste der Forbes-Zypresse wurden in den mit natürlichem Asphalt gefüllten Gruben von La Brea (Los Angeles) entdeckt. Die Forbes-...

La realizzazione di impianti di qualità non può prescindere dalla condizione sanitaria del materiale vivaistico. Nei confronti di alcune severe pandemie fungine, la sola caratteristica di materiale vegetale sano al momento dell'acquisto (che rappresenta una condizione importantissima ma pur sempre istantanea) purtroppo non garantisce assolutamente...

Il verde pubblico non è soltanto un importante elemento di arredo urbano; i parchi e i giardini sono importanti aree ricreative e per il tempo libero. Occorre pertanto una scelta oculata quando si progetta l'allestimento di un'area a verde sia pubblica che privata prendendo in considerazione anche una caratteristica fondamentale come l'assenza di n...

e' ormai appurato che l'impiego di materiale vivaistico in aree con caratteristiche stazionali troppo diverse da quelle di origine delle specie prescelte costituisce una delle cause di maggior insuccesso delle piantagioni siano anche di carattere ornamentale in ambiente urbano e periurbano. Una volta chiarito quale debba essere la finalità dell'imp...

Attualmente, quattro europei su cinque abitano in aree urbane e la loro qualità di vita dipende direttamente dallo stato dell'ambiente nelle città. Le città sono luoghi altamente artificiali e antropizzati e, al loro interno, la qualità dell'aria risulta estremamente alterata. Sebbene anche l'alterazione del livello di luce e rumore siano forme di...

raccolto in oltre 100 schede informazioni relative a specie arboree ornamentali pensate allo scopo di aiutare e indirizzare pianificatori e municipalità verso una progettazione funzionale del verde urbano. Nelle schede, sono riportate informazioni sugli aspetti dimensionali, sulla tolleranza alle condizioni del suolo, ai patogeni e agli stress abio...

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cupressus_sempervirens_range.svg Distribution comprising synanthropic areas. Probable natural range in the Mediterranean Basin. Residual natural stands.

Im Jahr 1914 veröffentlichte A. Camus, zusammen mit einer Beschreibung, die Verbreitung der Art Cupressus duclouxiana, die auf Hickel zurückgeführt wurde. Bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt wurde die Art von Franchet unter dem Namen Cupressus sempervirens zitiert, wobei der Autor sich auf den von Father Develay aufgesammelten Beleg bezog, der von einem kultiv...

The canker-causing fungus Seiridium cardinale is the major threat to Cupressus sempervirens worldwide. We investigated the production of terpenes by canker-resistant and susceptible cypresses inoculated with S. cardinale, the effect of these terpenes on fungal growth, and the defensive biotransformation of the terpenes conducted by the fungus. All...

Botanic and Ecological description of the species

The adaptive rapid evolution of phenotypic traits is potentially a key contributor to invasiveness, but has been relatively little studied for the fungi, even though these organisms are responsible for devastating losses in agriculture and natural resources. In this study, we compare biologically relevant phenotypic characters of spore-generated in...

Background: Cypresses play an important role in the urban landscape of the Mediterranean region, releasing a huge amount of allergenic airborne pollen which causes a specific pollinosis in exposed people. Objective: The aim of this work is to evaluate, in vivo and in vitro, the potential allergenicity of Cupressus macrocarpa pollen, and to compa...

Accurate determination of flammability is required in order to improve knowledge about vegetation fire risk. Study of the flammability of different plant species is essential for the Mediterranean area, where most ecosystems are adapted to natural fire but vulnerable to recurrent human-induced fires, which are the main cause of forest degradation....

In the past decades too much emphasis has been placed on the presumed high virulence of exotic pathogens on naive hosts to justfy all invasions by plant pathogens. Here we present an analysis of several traits associated with invasiveness of two North American plant pathogens which have become invasive in the Mediterranean basin, namely the root ro...

Common cypress is widespread throughout the Mediterranean area, where since ancient times, it has been used as a multipurpose tree. In the past, cypress woods were also greatly exploited as a source of strong and durable timber, but nowadays, the availability of cypress timber is extremely limited. The creation of new cypress plantations with prope...

Seiridium cardinale, the main fungal pathogen responsible for cypress bark canker, is the largest threat to cypresses worldwide. The terpene response of canker-resistant clones of Italian cypress, Cupressus sempervirens, to two differently aggressive isolates of S. cardinale was studied. Phloem terpene concentrations, foliar terpene concentrations,...

Leyland cypress (× Hesperotropsis leylandii) is a fast-growing conifer used in most temperate regions as an ornamental tree for hedges and screens, and is one of the most commercially important trees in Europe. In recent years, severe diebacks and mortality due to cypress canker have been observed on Leyland cypress plantations in Southern Europe....

Leyland cypress (x Hesperotropsis leylandii) is a fast-growing conifer used in most temperate regions as an ornamental tree for hedges and screens, and is one of the most commercially important trees in Europe. In recent years severe diebacks and mortality due to cypress canker have been observed on Leyland cypress plantations in Southern Europe. T...

This book reviews the most serious infectious diseases in both forest and urban environments, and in landscape settings, and provides practical guidelines for their management based upon both basic and applied scientific research. It was conceived as a comprehensive reference manual for biotic forest diseases, dealing not only with the better known...

Seiridium cardinale is regarded as the most important agent responsible for the disease of cupressaceous hosts referred to as Cypress canker. The fungus was first described in California and is currently reported in all continents. A recent study based on seven SSR loci has suggested that California populations may represent the source of the epide...

In the Mediterranean area, common cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) has traditionally been used as a multipurpose tree, for its symbolic and ornamental role, for its valuable timber, as well as for windbreaks and soil protection. The epidemic spread of the Seiridium cardinale canker has limited the use of this tree since the 1970s, inducing research...

Stem cankers and branches showing bark discoloration, fissuring, resin exudation leading to dieback, crown wilting, and tree mortality have been observed since late spring 2008 on 40-year-old Cupressus macrocarpa (Hartw.) trees planted in forests mixed with Juniperus oxycedrus L. and Acer monspessulanum L. in Taffet, near Ain Abbessa, in the distri...

Seiridium cardinale is the pathogenic fungus of unknown origin responsible for a world pandemic known as cypress canker affecting several species of Cupressaceae in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. In this study, a comparative genetic analysis of worldwide populations was performed using sequence analysis of a portion of the ?-tubulin loc...