Cheng-Zhi Qin

Chinese Academy of Sciences | CAS · State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environment Information System

Spatial optimization of watershed best management practice (BMP) scenarios based on watershed modeling is an effective decision support tool for watershed management. During such optimization, existing types of BMP configuration units for configuring BMPs (or BMP configuration units, e.g. subbasins, hydrologic response units, farms) remain fixed bo...

Detection of craters is important not only for planetary research but also for engineering applications. Although the existing crater detection approaches (CDAs) based on terrain analysis consider the topographic information of craters, they do not take into account the spatial structural information of real craters. In this article, we propose an...

Parallel programming libraries have been proposed to simplify programming for parallel raster-based geocomputation through hiding parallel programming details for users. However, the strategy of data domain decomposition used in existing libraries often leads to load imbalance owing to inherent characteristics of geocomputation including not only i...

Spatial prediction is essential for obtaining the spatial distribution of geographic variables and selecting appropriate covariates for this process can be challenging, especially for non-expert users. For easing the burden of selecting the appropriate covariates, two case-based reasoning strategies, namely the most-similar-case and covariate-class...

Recently, numerous spatial prediction methods with diverse characteristics have been developed. Selecting an appropriate spatial prediction method, along with its data preprocessing and parameter settings, presents a challenging task for many users, especially for non-experts. This paper addresses this challenge by exploring the potential of automa...

面向美丽中国生态文明建设所需，亟待有效实现流域精细治理的科学决策，以根据流域综合治理愿景目标，优化流域管理措施（BMP）的空间布局方案（即BMP情景）、制定符合实际需求的实施路线图。对此，“流域系统模拟—情景优化”方法框架近年展现出广阔应用前景。本文介绍了该框架在应对实际应用需求中尚存的一系列问题，开展了体系性的方法研究：① 提出新的流域过程建模框架，以兼顾建模灵活性和高性能计算、高效实现流域系统模拟；② 提出以坡位单元作为BMP空间配置单元、并在情景优化过程中可进行单元边界动态调整的BMP情景优化方法，可有效考虑流域综合治理的经验知识，保障优化结果合理性；③ 提出考虑分阶段投资约束的BMP情景实施次序优化方法，可推荐出符合实际落地需求的实施路线图；④ 设计研发用户友好的参与式流域规划系统，...

Planning multistage implementation plans, or roadmaps, based on the spatial distribution of a best management practice (BMP) scenario is essential for achieving watershed management goals under realistic conditions, such as stepwise investment plans that involve multiple stakeholders, including investors, economic and environmental beneficiaries. T...

Optimizing the spatial configuration of diverse best management practices (BMPs) can provide valuable decision-making support for comprehensive watershed management. Most existing methods focus on selecting BMP types and locations but neglect their implementation time or order in management scenarios, which are often investment-restricted. This stu...

Optimizing the spatial configuration of diverse best management practices (BMPs) can provide valuable decision-making support for comprehensive watershed management. Most existing methods focus on selecting BMP types and locations but neglect their implementation time or order in management scenarios, which are often investment-restricted. This stu...

The rapid acquisition of high-resolution spatial distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) at the field scale is essential for precision agriculture. The UAV imaging hyperspectral technology, with its high spatial resolution and timeliness, can fill the research gap between ground-based monitoring and remote sensing. This study aimed to test the fe...

The priority management areas (PMAs) of a watershed are areas with high contributions to the pollutant load to the assessment outlet, such as the watershed outlet, and, thus, have high priority in the decision making for comprehensive watershed management. Existing spatial units used to identify PMAs are commonly based on three concepts including s...

The exotic Sonneratia apetala is widely planted in mangrove afforestation in China due to its high adaptability and fast growth rates. This species has triggered intense debate on its ecological invasion risk during the past decades because of its natural reproduction, dispersal, and spread. However, national plans for the management and control of...

The effective use of environmental covariates in characterizing soil–environment relationships is key to successful digital soil mapping. The typical way to use environmental covariates in digital soil mapping is by selecting diverse environmental covariates considering the overall geographical characteristics of the study area and considering thes...

Geographical modeling has been recognized as a powerful way to solve complex geographic problems. However, its wide applicability is increasingly hindered by its complexity in domain knowledge required and the procedures involved. In this chapter, we argue that domain knowledge plays a key role in making geographical modeling intelligent. Domain-kn...

Currently, it is a great challenge for remote sensing technology to accurately map mangrove forests owing to periodic inundation. A submerged mangrove recognition index (SMRI) using two high- and low-tide images was recently proposed to remove the influence of tides and identify mangrove forests. However, when the tidal height of the selected low-t...

Mangroves have tremendous ecological value but are vulnerable to anthropogenic factors and sea level rise. Classification based on remote sensing is the first step for monitoring mangrove distribution in large areas but suffers from misclassifications due to the complexity of mangroves, such as having abundant species within the mangrove class, a l...

This study was performed to examine the separate and simultaneous influence of predictive models’ choice alongside sample ratios selection in soil organic matter (SOM). The research was carried out in northern Morocco, characterized by relatively cold weather and diverse geological conditions. The dataset herein used accounted for 1591 soil samples...

As a widely used soil mapping method, the kriging method involves a high sampling point to generate quality and accurate maps. Combining kriging and machine learning (ML) can produce soil maps with fewer number sampling points. This study's objective was to implement a hybrid approach based on the Cokriging (Cok) and an ML technique [i.e., Gaussian...

Intelligent geoprocessing relies heavily on formalized parameter constraints of geoprocessing tools to validate the input data and to further ensure the robustness and reliability of geoprocessing. However, existing methods developed to formalize parameter constraints are either designed based on ill-suited assumptions, which may not correctly iden...

Geographic information science (GIScience) and remote sensing have long provided essential data and methodological support for natural resource challenges and environmental problems research. With increasing advances in information technology, natural resource and environmental science research faces the dual challenges of data and computational in...

The terrain covariate is one type of key environmental covariate used in digital soil mapping (DSM). Because the selection of proper terrain covariates relies largely on users’ DSM knowledge and application context, automatic selection of terrain covariates is valuable for DSM users (especially non-experts). Case-based reasoning provides a promisin...

The Soil Land Inference Model (SoLIM) was primarily proposed by Zhu et al. (Zhu A X, Band L, Vertessy R, Dutton B. 1997. Derivation of soil properties using a soil land inference model (SoLIM). Soil Sci Soc Am J. 61: 523–533.) and was based on the Third Law of Geography. Based on the assumption that the soil property value at a location of interest...

Accurate large-area mangrove classification is a challenging task due to the complexity of mangroves, such as abundant species within the mangrove category, and various appearances resulting from a large latitudinal span and varied habitats. Existing studies have improved mangrove classifications by introducing time series images, constructing new...

Appendix "CraterMining for the entire lunar DEM" for the paper: Wang Y-W, Qin C-Z*, Cheng W-M, Zhu A-X, Wang Yu-Jing, Zhu L-J. Automatic crater detection by training random forest classifiers with legacy crater map and spatial structural information derived from digital terrain analysis. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 2021. doi:...

A well-constructed drainage network is essential for hydrological modeling. Agricultural watersheds with heavy human alternations often contain man-made features like terraced fields and ponds. Incorporating these features in the drainage network in these watersheds is extremely important for hydrological modeling. This study proposed a novel hybri...

最佳管理措施（BMP）是治理流域土壤侵蚀、非点源污染等环境问题的有效途径,基于流域过程模拟的情景优化方法可得到综合效益近似最优的BMP空间配置方案集。目前用于配置BMP的空间单元（如子流域、水文响应单元、地块、坡位）均不能有效地综合体现BMP与地形部位间的空间关系以及同一地形部位内不同土地利用斑块上的BMP差异。本文提出将坡位单元与地块单元叠加生成的坡位-地块单元作为BMP空间配置单元,结合分布式流域建模框架SEIMS和多目标优化算法NSGA-II建立一套流域BMP空间优化配置方法。以江苏省溧阳市中田舍流域的非点源污染治理为例,选取减量施肥、退耕还林、封山育林和生态林草4种典型BMP,以最大化总氮削减率、最小化经济成本为优化目标,分别采用坡位单元、地块单元、坡位-地块单元进行情景优化。结果表...

Mangroves straddle terrestrial and marine ecosystems, thus are relevant to many United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), especially to SDG‐13 and SDG‐14, as they are linked to blue carbon strategies and fisheries. To better achieve SDGs, China has been restoring mangroves for their ecological and societal values through strict protection...

Manipulating (e.g., reading, writing, and processing) geospatial data, the first step in geospatial analysis tasks, is a complicated step, especially given the diverse types and formats of geospatial data combined with diverse spatial reference systems. Geospatial data Input/Output (IO) libraries help facilitate this step by handling some technical...

China has lost 50% of its mangroves since the 1950s, while the remaining mangroves are exhibiting an increase in fragmentation. While a detailed mangrove map of China derived from remote sensing imagery is crucial for protecting mangroves, fragmented mangrove patches are hardly captured by Landsat-derived 30-m-resolution maps. To overcome this limi...

Predictive mapping of environment is an important means for environment assessment and management. The selection of predictor variables (or environmental covariates) is the first and key step in predictive mapping. A number of machine learning and statistical models have been developed to select what and how many environmental covariates in a wide...

Intelligence services are playing an increasingly important role in the operation of our society. Exploring the evolution mechanism, boundaries and challenges of service ecosystem is essential to our ability to realize smart society, reap its benefits and prevent potential risks. We argue that this necessitates a broad scientific research agenda to...

Basin spatial range data is widely used in hydrological, ecological and environmental fields, and is an important basic geographic data. At present, it is not very convenient to obtain the spatial data of the basin. The generation of spatial range of river basin needs some professional knowledge. The process is not highly automated. With the develo...

For effective mangrove forest mapping, it is valuable to develop vegetation indices from remote-sensing imagery that can characterize the unique characteristics of mangrove forests and differentiate them from other land cover types (especially other vegetation types). In addition to diverse range of vegetation indices derived from single-phase, rem...

Existing GIS software mainly target at expert users and do not sufficiently integrate resources for efficient computing. They are difficult for non-experts to use and are often slow in completing the complicated geographic analysis. To address these problems, future generation of GIS software must be ‘easy’. By ‘easy’ we mean ‘easy to use’ and ‘eas...

Reference objects in video images can be used to indicate urban waterlogging depths. The detection of reference objects is the key step to obtain waterlogging depths from video images. Object detection models with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been utilized to detect reference objects. These models require a large number of labeled imag...

Field sampling is an essential step for digital soil mapping and various sampling strategies have been designed for achieving desirable mapping results. Some unpredictable complex circumstances in the field, however, often prevent some samples from being collected based on the pre-designed sampling strategies. Such circumstances include inaccessibi...

Environmental covariates are fundamental inputs of digital soil mapping (DSM) based on the soil–environment relationship. It is normal to have invalid values (or recorded as NoData value) in individual environmental covariates in some regions over an area, especially over a large area. Among the two main existing ways to deal with locations with in...

Selecting a proper set of covariates is one of the most important factors that influence the accuracy of digital soil mapping (DSM). The statistical or machine learning methods for selecting DSM covariates are not available for those situations with limited samples. To solve the problem, this paper proposed a case-based method which could formalize...

Coastal ecosystems are under increased pressure from climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Tidal flat maps are necessary for managing, protecting, and restoring coastal ecosystems. Most of the existing tidal flat mapping approaches that are dependent on modelled tidal elevations, suffer high uncertainty over offshore, especially over areas wher...

To determine a suitable hydrological model structure for a specific application context using integrated modelling frameworks, modellers usually need to manually select the required hydrological processes, identify the appropriate algorithm for each process, and couple the algorithms' software components. However, these modelling steps are difficul...

It is necessary to develop a flexible and extensible watershed modeling framework with the support of parallel computing to conduct long-term high-resolution simulations over large areas with diverse watershed characteristics. This paper introduced an open-source, modular, and parallelized watershed modeling framework called SEIMS (short for Spatia...

One of the key concerns in geographic modeling is the preparation of input data that are sufficient and appropriate for models. This requires considerable time, effort, and expertise since geographic models and their application contexts are complex and diverse. Moreover, both data and data pre-processing tools are multi-source, heterogeneous, and...

Existing geomorphologic type maps manually delineated by experts contain implicit expert knowledge on the spatial structure of real geomorphologic objects. Taking crater map as example, this study presents an attempt of mining the implicit expert knowledge contained in existing crater maps to automatically detect craters from digital elevation mode...

Depressions in grid digital elevation models (DEMs) need to be dealt with before the topographic attributes (such as specific catchment area) and terrain features (such as drainage networks) related to flow directions can be derived from DEMs in a hydrologically-correct manner. Many depression-processing algorithms, which adopt different strategies...

Previous studies on soil organic carbon content or stock mapping mostly use natural environmental covariates and do not consider the soil management practice factor. However, human activities have become an important influencing factor for soil organic carbon, especially for agricultural soils. Crop species/crop rotations and management practices s...

Due to errors in sensors and positioning, there exist mismatches between different phases of mobile laser scanning point clouds, which impedes the application of point cloud, such as changing detection, deformation monitoring, etc. To rectify such mismatches, we designed a 3D deep feature construction method for point cloud registration. The propos...

Field sampling is an important way of collecting soil information for the modeling and evaluation steps during digital soil mapping (DSM). However, some predesigned samples may not be accessible in the field due to natural or anthropogenic reasons. Simply abandoning the inaccessible samples or casually selecting substitutes from other locations may...

Airborne laser scanning (ALS) point cloud classification is a challenge due to factors including complex scene structure, various densities, surface morphology, and the number of ground objects. A point cloud classification method is presented in this paper, based on content-sensitive multilevel objects (point clusters) in consideration of the dens...

Different spatial configurations (or scenarios) of multiple best management practices (BMPs) at the watershed scale may have significantly different environmental effectiveness, economic efficiency, and practicality for integrated watershed management. Several types of spatial configuration units, which have resulted from the spatial discretization...

Conventional soil maps contain valuable knowledge on soil–environment relationships. Such knowledge can be extracted for use when updating conventional soil maps with improved environmental data. Existing methods take all polygons of the same map unit on a map as a whole to extract the soil–environment relationship. Such approach ignores the differ...

The key challenges faced by many of the existing digital soil mapping (DSM) techniques are the rigid requirements on the size of soil samples to extract the relationships needed and on the stationarity of the extracted relationships. These requirements limit the application of these DSM techniques. This paper provides an overview of the SoLIM appro...

Urban flood control requires real-time and spatially detailed information regarding the waterlogging depth over large areas, but such information cannot be effectively obtained by the existing methods. Video supervision equipment, which is readily available in most cities, can record urban waterlogging processes in video form. These video data coul...

Current methods of spatial prediction are based on either the First Law of Geography or the statistical principle or the combination of these two. The Second Law of Geography contributes to the revision of these methods so they are adaptive to local conditions but at the cost of increasing demand for samples. This paper presents a new thinking abou...

Spatial optimization of best management practices (BMPs) is an effective way to select and allocate BMPs for watershed management such as soil and water conservation, nonpoint source pollution reduction, etc. The commonly used spatial units for BMP configuration (or BMP configuration units) include sub-basins, hydrologic response units (HRUs), farm...

Mangrove forests, which are essential for stabilizing coastal ecosystems, have been suffering from a dramatic decline over the past several decades. Mapping mangrove forests using satellite imagery is an efficient way to provide key data for mangrove forest conservation. Since mangrove forests are periodically submerged by tides, current methods of...

In this study, an expert knowledge-based model, a logistic regression model, and an artificial neural network model were compared for their accuracy and portability in landslide susceptibility mapping. Two study areas (the Kaixian and the Three Gorges areas in China) were selected for this comparison based on their well-known, high landslide hazard...

[摘要] 基于流域过程模型的BMP情景分析是当前流域管理措施评价、非点源污染控制等研究应用中广泛采用的方法，但其通常采用的BMP空间配置单元（地块、农场、水文响应单元或子流域）与坡面上的地形部位关系较弱，难以有效地根据坡面过程特点表达坡面上多种BMP之间的空间配置关系，影响了BMP情景优化效率和结果的合理性。为此，本文提出以坡位单元作为BMP空间配置单元，将各种BMP在不同坡位间合理的空间配置关系显式表达为基于坡位的空间配置规则，通过结合NSGA-II 优化算法建立了一套基于坡位单元的BMP空间配置优化方法。应用案例表明，本文构建的基于坡位单元的BMP情景优化方法可有效利用基于坡位的空间配置规则进行BMP情景优化，优化所得的BMP空间配置方案更为合理，优化效率较高。 [Abstract] S...

We present a novel approach for modelling and mapping habitat suitability from species presence-only data that is useful for ecosystem and species monitoring. The approach models the relationship between species habitat suitability and environment conditions using probability distributions of species presence over environmental factors. Resource av...

Core Ideas Explored the impact of variables selected by different means on mapping at a watershed scale area. Identified influential topographic variables with appropriate scales for mapping soil properties. Finding the appropriate scales of local attributes is helpful for mapping soil properties accurately. Local attribute scale helped map accurac...

The trend of servitisation is increasingly affecting manufacturing enterprises. Traditional manufacturing enterprises cannot handle the related challenges of service innovation by themselves. Recently, manufacturing service ecosystem (MSE) has been proposed to support service innovation by facilitating collaboration. The construction and developmen...

Fuzzy characterization of slope positions is important for geographic modeling. Most of the existing fuzzy classification-based methods for fuzzy characterization require extensive user intervention in data preparation and parameter setting, which is tedious and time-consuming. This paper presents an automatic approach to overcoming these limitatio...

Surface supply relationships between glaciers and lakes are needed to analyze and understand hydrological processes at regional and global scales. However, these supply relationships still cannot be extracted efficiently by existing methods. This paper proposes an automatic and efficient approach to extracting surface supply relationships between g...

Studies on volunteered geographic information (VGI) have focused on examining its validity to reveal geographic phenomena in relatively recent periods. Empirical evaluation of the validity of VGI to reveal geographic phenomena in historical periods (e.g., decades ago) is lacking, although such evaluation is desirable for assessing the possibility o...

Deriving the spatial distribution of specific catchment area (SCA) from a gridded digital elevation model (DEM) is one of the most important issues in digital terrain analysis. Conventional methods usually estimate SCA for each cell using a flow direction algorithm, but the results obtained are often unsatisfactory. Recently, Gallant and Hutchinson...

The chapter provides a historical perspective on recent methodological developments and theoretical insights in the theme of spatial analysis and simulation. The research questions and how they developed are first described. Contributions of different countries to this theme are then assessed in light of bibliometric results, followed by the analys...

Application of digital terrain analysis (DTA), which is typically a modeling process involving workflow building, relies heavily on DTA domain knowledge of the match between the algorithm (and its parameter settings) and the application context (including the target task, the terrain in the study area, the DEM resolution, etc.), which is referred t...

The present regression models in digital soil mapping usually assume that relationships between soil properties and environmental variables are always fixed (as in MLR) or varying (as in GWR) in geographical space. In reality, some of the environmental variables may be fixed in affecting soil property variation and some are local varying. In this s...

This paper proposes a scalable two-level parallelization method for distributed hydrological models that can use parallelizability at both the sub-basin level and the basic simulation-unit level (e.g., grid cell) simultaneously. This approach first uses the message-passing programming model to dispatch parallel tasks at the sub-basin level to diffe...

Legacy samples are a valuable data source for digital soil mapping. However, these sample sets are often small in size and ad hoc in spatial distribution. Constrained by the limited representativeness of such a sample set, the obtained soil maps are often incomplete in spatial coverage with "gaps" at the locations which cannot be well represented b...

The optimization of beneficial management practices (or beneficial management practices, BMPs) is a typical case of complex geo-computation; a computation-intensive search for optimal solutions of watershed BMPs through many iterative watershed model simulations. This paper presents a parallelization of the epsilon non-dominated sorted genetic algo...

Understanding the impacts of global climate change on the spatiotemporal pattern of hydrologic cycle and water resources is of major importance in highly developed watersheds all over the world. These impacts are strongly dependent on related changes in intensity and frequency of extreme climate events. Implementation of Best Management Practices (...

Application of digital terrain analysis (DTA), which is typically a modeling process involving workflow building, relies heavily on DTA domain knowledge of the match between the algorithm (and its parameter settings) and the application context (including the target task, the terrain in the study area, the DEM resolution, etc.), which is referred t...

Existing sample data are important for digital soil mapping. Different sample points possess different representativeness. The representativeness of samples influences the soil mapping result greatly. However, few study focus on assessing the representativeness of single sample. In this paper, we proposed a method to identify representative samples...

[Full text available at http://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/CPNDRK6und4fZ7WgER93/full] The vast accumulation of environmental data and the rapid development of geospatial visualization and analytical techniques make it possible for scientists to solicit information from local citizens to map spatial variation of geographic phenomena. However, data pr...

Existing predictive soil mapping (PSM) methods often require soil sample data to be sufficient to represent soil–environment relationships throughout the study area. However, in many parts of the world with only a limited quantity of soil sample data to represent the study area, this is still an issue for PSM application. This paper presents a meth...

This paper presents an expert knowledge-based approach to landslide susceptibility mapping in an effort to overcome the deficiencies of data-driven approaches. The proposed approach consists of three generic steps: (1) extraction of knowledge on the relationship between landslide susceptibility and predisposing factors from domain experts, (2) char...

The demand for parallel geocomputation based on raster data is constantly increasing with the increase of the volume of raster data for applications and the complexity of geocomputation processing. The difficulty of parallel programming and the poor portability of parallel programs between different parallel computing platforms greatly limit the de...

DEM-preprocessing algorithm (Planchon and Darboux, 2001) code using PaRGO can be accessed at https://github.com/lreis-2415/PaRGO-Demo . Supplementary resource: Pseudocode-P&D alg-Serial & PaRGO version

生境适宜度制图能提供动物适宜生境的空间分布信息,对野生动物种群管理、保护地规划等非常重要。 生境适宜度制图的关键是构建生境适宜度模型(habitat suitability model, HSM),只基于动物出现位置数据构建 HSM 的方法在实践中得到了非常广泛的应用。 然而现有的只基于动物出现位置数据构建 HSM 的方法还不能很好地直接表达动物生境适宜度和环境因子之间具有生态学意义的数量关系,因此也就不能很好地体现环境因子对动物生境利用的生态学作用。 提出了一种基于核密度估计构建 HSM 的方法,在地理信息系统技术支持下,通过运用核密度估计从代表性的动物出现位置数据中估计出动物出现对各个环境因子的概率密度函数来直接表达生境适宜度与各个环境因子之间的数量关系,以体现环境因子对动物生境利用的生...