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Structural analysis: From method and metaphor to theory and substance
... It is based on the principle that the agents and their actions are not autonomous, but rather interdependent. Although the simplest unit of analysis is the dyadic relationship between two actors, they are not only linked through dyads, as they are also immersed in multiple connection patterns (Wellman, 1988). These relationship data allow the existence of groups and their best located stakeholders to be 1 See Valdaliso (1986) and for more details. ...
This paper introduces a scientific meta-experiment that aims to explore, by means of Social Network Analysis (SNA), a database previously worked with a traditional qualitative analysis (Valdaliso, 1988 and 1993). The sample is made up of more than 500 incorporated companies registered in Vizcaya between 1879 and 1913, which represent 30 per cent of the number and more than 90 per cent of the total capital of the companies created in that province between those dates. Although the use of SNA does not show substantially different results in the representation of the main business groups, it does provide numerous and very notable advantages, especially related to a better visualisation of the networks. However, the new methodology also poses some problems, especially when interpreting large networks. Moreover, beyond graphical and statistical techniques, qualitative information is essential for a correct understanding of the networks.
A análise de redes sociais foi usada para estudar 22 turmas de alunos das primeiras
classes de ensino médio na região da Toscana, Itália. A análise dos dados derivou da comparação de redes de diferentes amplitudes (o número de estudantes por classe), considerando determinadas medidas de normalização. Além de destacar alguns elementos críticos no processo de integração, propõe-se neste artigo uma análise das redes sociais dos alunos em relação ao tipo de família de origem: as medidas de densidade e centralidade do grupo e os papéis sociais (brokerage).
El libro da cuenta de la manera en que se forma una robusta red de élite de poder conformada por personas de los sectores dominantes de Cali durante el periodo 1910-1953. Una red con tupidos vínculos políticos, económicos, cívicos y culturales, en cuyo seno se hallaban alojados personas y familias con larga tradición de poder local y regional. Se establece el papel desempeñado por esta red en la configuración del orden social de dominación en la ciudad, y cómo logran construirlo mediante la creación de patrones cognitivos y simbólicos, instituciones reguladoras, definiciones espaciales, disciplina y control policial. Estas dinámicas de ordenamiento social se concretaban, para cada momento histórico, con decisiones fundadas en política moral, procesos de estatización de conductas en el ámbito público, y formas de inclusión diferenciada con los sectores populares. Este proceso construía ideas y símbolos que guiaban la cotidianidad pública, formas de regulación de las conductas callejeras, clasificaciones espaciales para distribuir grupos, prácticas y acciones mediadas por las fuerzas coactivas para disciplinar en el marco del pensamiento oficial. Se presentan las dinámicas de grupos sociales que mediante acciones colectivas contenciosas desafiaron el orden social de dominación múltiple planteado por la red de élite de poder local.
Agribusiness trade is a complex network of commercial relations among countries, and it is influenced by on-shore and off-shore logistics. Therefore, it is essential to comprehend these relationships to improve decision-making regarding production and logistical development. This paper investigates Brazilian agricultural and livestock exports between 2013 and 2022 to understand logistical bottlenecks based on trade partners. To do so, we performed descriptive statistics and social network analysis (SNA) considering measures such as degree centrality, k-core, and tie strength. Our results indicate Brazil’s dependency on Asian markets whereby eight of ten are located on this continent. We observe an unexpected result regarding the low purchase of these products byimportant Brazilian partners such as the United States, the UK, and the European Union. Finally, the study confirms the Brazilian logistical bottleneck where two logistical corridors correspond to 76% of all agricultural exports in the period, with Santos, the busiest port, moving more than 46% of the cargo.
As redes sociais digitais têm se caracterizado como espaços que propiciam as mais diversas formas de sociabilidade, com amplas possibilidades de estruturação de novas conexões e amizades. Também têm possibilitado a disseminação de informações de forma rápida e eficaz, potencializando a articulação de pessoas e movimentos. Neste trabalho, buscamos investigar quais são os limites e as possibilidades da interação social em comunidades do Facebook, tendo como objeto empírico o grupo Direitos Urbanos | Recife. Partimos da Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS) para examinar como se processam as relações de amizade e interação nesse espaço, considerando que são trocas mediadas pela tecnologia.
How shall we understand modern industrial societies? Two general modes of understanding have emerged. One is represented by the powerful abstractions of formal economic analysis; the other is a more descriptive, “institutional” view that sociologists, anthropologists, and political scientists might have toward the same phenomena.
