Artem Nedoluzhko

European University at Saint Petersburg

Anthropogenic activity is the top factor directly related to the extinction of several animal species. The last Steller's sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas) population on the Commander Islands (Russia) was wiped out in the second half of the 18 th century due to sailors and fur traders hunting it for the meat and fat. However, new data suggests that the...

Significant palaeoecological and paleoclimatic changes that took place during Late Pleistocene—Early Holocene transition are considered important factors that led to megafauna extinctions. Unlike many other species, the brown bear (Ursus arctos) has survived this geological time. Despite the fact that several mitochondrial DNA clades of brown bears...

Paleoclimatic changes during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition is suggested as a main factor that led to species extinction, including the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius), Steller's sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas) and the Don-hare (Lepus tanaiticus). These species inhabited the territory of Eurasia during the Holocene, but eventually went ext...

The last decade has seen advancements in sequencing technologies and laboratory preparation protocols for ancient DNA (aDNA) that have rapidly been applied in multiple research areas thus enabling large-scale scientific research. Future research could also refine our understanding of the evolution of humans, non-human animals, plants, invertebrate...

The North Caucasus played a key role during the ancient colonization of Eurasia and the formation of its cultural and genetic ancestry. Previous archeogenetic studies described a relative genetic and cultural continuity of ancient Caucasus societies, since the Eneolithic period. The Koban culture, which formed in the Late Bronze Age on the North Ca...

The brown bear (Ursus arctos L., 1758) is a widespread bear species inhabiting the forest zone of Eurasia, including the Republic of Yakutia. The association with forest habitats explains why the Pleistocene findings of U. arctos fossils are rare in the northern part of Eastern Siberia, where open steppe-tundra and steppefied landscapes prevailed d...

Although early embryonic protein production relies exclusively on maternal molecules such as messenger RNAs (mRNAs) incorporated into ovarian follicles, knowledge about any thermally induced, intergenerational effects is scarce in ectotherms. Here, we investigated how elevated temperatures (9°–12°C vs. 6°C) during oogenesis influenced the next gene...

Disease prevention is pivotal in aquaculture, and while vaccines offer protective immunity, challenges such as cost and low efficacy persist. The present study investigated the potential of plant-derived compounds, known as phytogenics, to bolster the effectiveness of vaccines against vibriosis in European seabass. Two phytogenic blends, namely PHY...

Приводится морфологическое описание уникальной находки субфоссильного бурого медведя (Ursus arctos L., 1758) – его замороженной мумии, найденной впервые в истории. Находка представляет из себя хорошо сохранившуюся тушу зверя возрастом около 3.5 тысяч лет. Обсуждаются результаты исследования медведя методами компьютерной томографии и анализа ДНК.

The ardA genes are present in a wide variety of conjugative plasmids and play an important role in overcoming the restriction barrier. To date, there is no information on the chromosomal ardA genes. It is still unclear whether they keep their antirestriction activity and why bacterial chromosomes contain these genes. In the present study, we confir...

A morphological description is provided for a unique find of a frozen mummified subfossil brown bear (Ursus arctos L., 1758), found for the first time ever. The find is a well-preserved bear carcass of approximately 3500 years in age. Results of computed tomography and DNA testing are discussed.

Muscular and skeletal systems are deeply intertwined and they must develop in parallel as organisms grow. While the basic mechanisms underlying muscle and bone growth are conserved in vertebrates, there are several peculiarities that make fish special and fascinating subjects. Unlike mammals, most fish species continue to growth throughout their li...

Overexploitation of natural resources and pollution of seas, acidification of the ocean, and rising temperatures all contribute to the destruction of marine habitats and, in 2015, the protection of the ocean became one of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 14: Life Below Water). This collection aims to highlight the molecular genetic changes...

Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed-loop RNAs with critical regulatory roles in cells. Tens of thousands of circRNAs have been unveiled due to the recent advances in high throughput RNA sequencing technologies and bioinformatic tools development. At the same time, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cross-validation for circRNAs p...

This study is the first attempt to analyze the genetic diversity of the Central Ciscaucasia population during the Late Bronze Age – Early Iron Age and Early Middle Ages. The authors analyzed 120 samples from 10 burial grounds of the Koban and Alan archaeological cultures, as well as representatives of the Middle Sarmatian culture and the North Cauc...

Muscle growth in teleosts is a complex biological process orchestrated by numerous protein-coding genes and non-coding RNAs. A few recent studies suggest that circRNAs are involved in teleost myogenesis, but the molecular networks involved remain poorly understood. In this study, an integrative omics approach was used to determine myogenic circRNAs...

Muscle growth in teleosts is a complex biological process orchestrated by numerous protein-coding genes and non-coding RNAs. A few recent studies suggest that circRNAs are involved in teleost myogenesis, but the molecular networks involved remain poorly understood. In this study, an integrative omics approach was used to determine myogenic circRNAs...

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed-loop RNAs with critical regulatory roles in cells. The tenth of thousands of circRNAs have been unveiled due to the recent advances in high throughput RNA sequencing technologies and bioinformatic tools development. At the same time, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cross-validation for circ...

Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) is an essential target of commercial fishing in the North Pacific Ocean. Previous studies have suggested the existence of marine and lake ecological forms of this species within its range. The lake ecological form of herring has a shortened life cycle, spending the winter and spawning in brackish waters near the sh...

Regulation of inflammation is a critical process for maintaining physiological homeostasis. The λ-carrageenan (λ-CGN) is a mucopolysaccharide extracted from the cell wall of red algae (Chondrus crispus) capable of inducing acute intestinal inflammation, which is translated into the production of acute phase reactants secreted into the blood circula...

The Minusinsk Basin in Southern Siberia had unique conditions for the development of ancient societies, thanks to its geographical location, favorable climatic conditions, and relative isolation. Located at the northern periphery of the eastern Eurasian steppe, surrounded by the Altai-Sayan Mountains this area witnessed numerous ancient human migra...

Interspecific hybridization has occurred relatively frequently during the evolution of vertebrates. This process usually abolishes reproductive isolation between the parental species. Moreover, it results in the exchange of genetic material and can lead to hybridogenic speciation. Hybridization between species has predominately been observed at the...

A Matters Arising article raised concerns about the interpretation of our findings reported in our recent publication on the Steller’s sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas) nuclear genome. After careful consideration of the criticism, we maintain our main conclusion that this marine mammal started to become extinct at a period significantly preceding the ar...

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lym-phoid tumor among other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (30-40% of all cases). This type of lymphoma is characterized by significant differences in treatment response and the heterogeneity of clinical traits. Approximately 60% of patients are cured using standard chemother-apy (CT), while in 10-15%...

The paper represents the results of paleogenomics analysis of male and female mummies from grave 4 of the Oglakhty cemetery, 3rd cent. CE (genome-wide data, mitochondrial DNA, Y-chromosome analyses). The maternal kinship between the mummies and their local ancestry (Karasuk and Tagar cultures' individuals, subclades I4а1 and I4 respectively) were r...

There are four subspecies of the common carp of the world C. carpio carpio, C. carpio haematopterus and C. carpio viridiviolaceus and C. carpio aralensis. These subspecies habit natively in Ponto-Caspian, Far-Eastern regions, Northern Vietnam and Central Asia accordingly, but they were introduced into almost all regions with suitable environmental...

Five ecologically and phenotypically divergent ecomorphs of the genus Salmo are known from a landlocked alpine lake in the Caucasus, Lake Sevan. It is an example of sympatric diversification within a species-rich lineage with predominate mode of speciation being allopatric. The diversification of Sevan trouts was accompanied by spawning resource pa...

The Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) is one of the most important species in the commercial fisheries distributed in the North Pacific Ocean and the northeastern European seas. This teleost has marine and lake ecological forms a long its distribution in the Holarctic. However, the level of genetic differentiation between these two forms is not wel...

The Middle Bronze Age was an important period in the history of the Northern Caucasus. The archaeological Shushuk "post-dolmen" phenomenon, characterized by the reuse of dolmen orthostats for the construction of "stone-frame" burial structures, appeared in this region in the 3rd millennium BCE. Using Sanger sequencing, we were able to characterize...

In industrial animal production, breeding strategies are essential to produce offspring of better quality and vitality. It is also known that host microbiome has a bearing on its health. Here, we report for the first time the influence of crossbreeding strategy, inbreeding or outbreeding, on the buccal and intestinal bacterial communities in female...

The peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) is one of the important stone fruit crops in the Crimea Peninsula and the southern part of Russia. The complete chloroplast genome of the peach cultivar ‘Sovetskiy’ is published in this paper. The chloroplast genome size is 157,756 bp. It contains 126 genes, including 81 protein-coding genes (PCGs), eight riboso...

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an emerging class of regulatory RNAs with a covalently closed-loop structure formed during pre-mRNA splicing. Recent advances in high-throughput RNA sequencing and circRNA-specific computational tools have driven the development of novel approaches to their identification and functional characterization. CircRNAs are st...

DNA methylation is one of the main epigenetic mechanisms that regulates gene expression in a manner that depends on the genomic context and varies considerably across taxa. This DNA modification was first found in nuclear genomes of eukaryote several decades ago and it has also been described in mitochondrial DNA. It has recently been shown that mi...

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a widespread freshwater fish species of the Cyprinidae family, one of the largest and most diverse fish families. The natural habitats of C. carpio extend from Western Europe to SouthEast Asia. Common carp has remained an economically important fish species in aquaculture for many centuries and its production nowada...

A pilot study of E. lenensis was carried out based on a small sample using a) standard mor-phometrics of the axial skull, mandible, the upper and lower cheek teeth; b) geometric morphometrics of the enamel crown patterns of the 1st upper and lower molars; c) molecular phylogenetic analysis with the complete mitochondrial genome sequencing. A certai...

At least three subspecies of the common carp, namely, Cyprinus carpio carpio, C. carpio haematopterus, and C. carpio viridiviolaceus, have been described to date. These subspecies natively inhabit Ponto-Caspian and Far Eastern regions, as well as northern Vietnam, but they have also been introduced into aquaculture in almost every region of the wor...

In vertebrates, the somatotropic axis comprising the pituitary gland, liver and muscle plays a major role in myogenesis. Its output in terms of muscle growth is highly affected by nutritional and environmental cues, and thus likely epigenetically regulated. Hydroxymethylation is emerging as a DNA modification that modulates gene expression but a ho...

Interspecies hybridization is driven by a complex interplay of factors where introgression plays an important role. In the present study, the transfer of genetic material, between two quite distant fish species from different genera, through spontaneous hybridization was documented with dedicated molecular and bioinformatics tools. We investigate t...

Interspecies hybridization is driven by a complex interplay of factors where introgression plays an important role. In the present study, the transfer of genetic material, between two quite distant fish species from different genera, through spontaneous hybridization was documented with dedicated molecular and bioinformatics tools. We investigate t...

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous, single-stranded, most frequently non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that play a significant role in gene expression regulation. Circular RNAs can affect microRNA functionality, interact with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), translate proteins by themselves, and directly or indirectly modulate gene expression durin...

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) has an outstanding economic importance in freshwater aquaculture due to its high adaptive capacity to both food and environment. In fact, it is the third most farmed fish species worldwide according to the Food and Agriculture Organization. More than four million tons of common carp are produced annually in aquaculture...

Доклад посвящен первым итогам проекта, направленного на мультидисциплинарное изучение памятников раннего этапа аланской культуры Северного Кавказа (II-IV вв. н.э.).

The Koban archaeological culture is a well-known Northern and Central Caucasus culture that has been widely distributed throughout this region during the end of Bronze Age, and the beginning of the Iron Age. Named after the Koban cemetery (Republic of North Ossetia, Russia), it had highly developed agriculture and metallurgy. The Koban culture had...

The historically recent domestication of fishes has been essential to meet the protein demands of a growing human population. Selection for traits of interest during domestication is a complex process whose epigenetic basis is poorly understood. Cytosine hydroxymethylation is increasingly recognized as an important DNA modification involved in epig...

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are long noncoding RNAs that play a significant role in various biological processes, including embryonic development and stress responses. These regulatory molecules can modulate microRNA activity and are involved in different molecular pathways as indirect regulators of gene expression. Thousands of circRNAs have been des...

The enigmatic and poorly studied sturgeon genus Pseudoscaphirhynchus (Scaphirhynchinae: Acipenseridae) comprises three species: the Amu Darya shovelnose sturgeon (Pseudoscaphirhynchus kaufmanni (Bogdanow)), dwarf Amu Darya shovelnose sturgeon P. hermanni (Kessler), and Syr Darya shovelnose sturgeon (P. fedtschenkoi (Bogdanow). Two species – P. herm...

The view that the left cerebral hemisphere in humans "dominates" over the "subdominant" right hemisphere has been so deeply entrenched in neuropsychology that no amount of evidence seems able to overcome it. In this article, we examine inhibitory cause-and-effect connectivity among human brain structures related to different parts of the triune evo...

Body size reduction, also known as miniaturization, is an important evolutionary process that affects a number of physiological and phenotypic traits and helps animals conquer new ecological niches. However, this process is poorly understood at the molecular level. Here, we report genomic and transcriptomic features of arguably the smallest known i...

The complete mitochondrial genome from the Pleistocene stallion horse (Equus cf. lenensis) which complete skull was found in 1901 on Kotelny Island (New Siberian Archipelago, Sakha Republic, Russia) is published in this paper. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is 16,584 base pairs (bp) in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 t...

Introduction. The prognosis of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is determined by both the intensification of the first-line therapy and the biological characteristics of the tumour. Aim . To assess the MCL incidence rate, as well as the survival rate of MCL patients with TP53 gene mutations. Materials and methods. The prospective study MCL-2016 aimed at...

Introduction. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of postgerminal origin (ABC-DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma grade 3B (FL3B) are characterised by an aggressive course and resistance to chemotherapy (CT). Both diseases are characterised by the activation of genes of the post-terminal stage of B-cell differentiation and high expression of the MUM1 transcri...

Background Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) is still considered an incurable IgM‐secreting lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. The role of intensive induction chemoimmunotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the management of patients with WM has not been established. Aims To study the effectiveness of intensive induction ch...

Background According to a retrospective study published data in 2017 by the Nordic MCL group, in multivariable analyses, only mutation TP53 showed independent prognostic impact. The median OS for the TP53‐ mutated cases was 1.8 years, median PFS was 0.9 years. Aims To assess the incidence of TP53 gene mutation and survival in pts with MCL during o...

The high-capacity DNA analysis of museum samples opens new opportunities, associated with the investigation of extinct species evolution. Here, the complete mitochondrial genome of the presumably extinct bird species, the slender-billed curlew Numenius tenuirostris (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae) is presented. Our results showed that mitochondrial...

Body size reduction, also known as miniaturization, is an important evolutionary process that affects a number of physiological and phenotypic traits and helps animals to conquer new ecological niches. However, this process is poorly understood at the molecular level. Here, we report genomic and transcriptomic features of arguably the smallest know...

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoid tumor in adults which is associated with approximately 30–40 % of all non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Diagnostic criteria include diffuse growth of large anaplastic tumor cells, expression of В-cell markers, and a high proliferative index. Due to the development of molecular genetic technol...

Mutations in the CCM genes causing the formation of cavernous malformations (CM) are being actively studied and their list is constantly growing. Mutations in the CCM genes are usually analyzed using two main approaches: multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA)-to search for large deletions/insertions and exon sequencing-to search fo...

The Steller's sea cow – Hydrodamalis gigas (Dugongidae: Sirenia) – is an extinct herbivorous marine mammal which inhabited the North Pacific Ocean during the Pleistocene and Holocene. H. gigas was the largest member of the Sirenia order and disappeared in the middle of the 18th century. Here, we present the complete sequence of the mitochondrial ge...

Sevan trout, Salmo ischchan, dwelling in the mountain Lake Sevan (Caucasus) is a unique species complex. Four sympatric forms of Sevan trout were divergent in both their phenotypes and ecologies. Three forms were lacustrine spawners but were unique in their spawning times and the type of substrate. The fish community of Lake Sevan was strongly impa...

The whole animal diversity is unknown and the process of describing new species is ongoing to date. Meanwhile, increase of human activities leads to the ecosystem degradation, destruction of native habitats and direct extinction of many animal species. Museum specimens are increasingly attracted in evolutionary and conservation biology for solving...

Публикация первого генома человека в 2001 году стала предвестником постгеномной эры — появление технологий секвенирования нового поколения (next-generation sequencing, NGS) позволило поверить в будущее персонифицированной геномики. Сегодня, спустя более 15 лет, коммерциализация приборов, чья работа основана на нанопоровом секвенировании, делает это...

The two complete mitochondrial genomes of endangered form of the Sevan trout Salmo ischchan aestivalis are published in this paper. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is 16,677 base pairs (bp) in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes. The overall base composition of the genome in descending order was 29.4% – C, 27...

Three-spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a well-known model organism that is routinely used to explore microevolution processes and speciation, and the number of studies related to this fish has been growing recently. The main reason for the increased interest is the processes of freshwater adaptation taking place in natural populations...

Трехиглая колюшка (Gasterosteus aculeatus) является удобным объектом для изучения эволюции и процессов видообразования. Количество исследований с ее участием в последние годы неуклонно растет, что обусловлено процессами образования пресноводных форм у данного вида, которые происходят в настоящее время. Морская форма этого вида, заходя на нерест в п...

Acquired resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy is one of the major obstacles decreasing efficiency of treatment of the oncologic diseases. In this study, on the two cell lines (ovarian carcinoma SKOV-3 and neuroblastoma NGP-127), we modeled acquired resistance to five target anticancer drugs. The cells were grown on gradually increasing...

miRNAs play important role in the various physiological and evolutionary processes, however, there is no data allowing comparison of evolutionary differences between various ecotypes adapted to different environmental conditions and specimen demonstrating immediate physiological response to the environmental changes. We compared miRNA expression pr...

The mitochondrial genomes from two individuals of the extinct subspecies of the Sevan trout Salmo ischchan danilewskii are published in this paper. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is 16,665 base pairs (bp) in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes. The overall base composition of the genome in descending order w...

Background. Rostral prefrontal cortex, or frontopolar cortex (FPC), also known as Brodmann area 10 (BA10), is the most anterior part of the human brain. It is one of the largest cytoarchitectonic areas of the human brain that has significantly increased its volume during evolution. Anatomically the le (BA10L) and right (BA10R) parts of FPC show sli...

Данная работа направлена на изучение генетических источников происхождения мегалитических сооружений на Северном Кавказе: выяснение происхождения дольменов (1-я половина II тыс. до н.э.), раскопанных в могильнике Шушук (Майкопский район, Республика Адыгея) Майкопской археологической экспедицией

The three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) represents a convenient model to study microevolution-adaptation to a freshwater environment. Although genetic adaptations to freshwater environments are well-studied, epigenetic adaptations have attracted little attention. In this work, we investigated the role of DNA methylation in the adaptat...

Секвенирование ДНК и РНК — это рутинный процесс, позволяющий, тем не менее, вникнуть в суть всего живого. Первоначально расшифровка генома была «развлечением» для избранных, а сегодня заказать эту услугу может каждая вторая научно-исследовательская лаборатория. С каждым годом проникнуть в дебри геномной, транскриптомной и эпигеномной информации ста...

Miniaturization is an evolutionary process that is widely represented in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Miniaturization frequently affects not only the size of the organism and its constituent cells, but also changes the genome structure and functioning. The structure of the main heat shock genes (hsp70 and hsp83) was studied in one of the sma...

Miniaturization is an evolutionary process that is widely represented in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Miniaturization frequently affects not only the size of the organism and its constituent cells, but also changes the genome structure and functioning. The structure of the main heat shock genes (hsp70 and hsp83) was studied in one of the sma...

Over millions of years of evolution, the genomes of modern insects have accumulated a significant num­ ber of mutations, which often can lead up a blind alley when carrying out phylogenetic research. Genomic differences between some representatives belonging to the same family or group are often so great that they demand using nonconventional metho...

The vast majority of multicellular organisms coexist with bacterial symbionts that may play various roles during their life cycle. Parasitoid wasp Megaphragma amalphitanum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) belongs to the smallest known insects whose size is comparable with some bacteria. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Whole Genome Sequencing (WG...

Here, we performed comparative miRNA profiling in wild type and early flowering transgenic Chrysanthemum morifolium with constitutive expression of APETALA1 (AP1)-like gene, HAM92 (Helianthus annuus). Six sRNA libraries constructed from leaves and shoot apexes after the short day photoperiod initiation, as well as from opened inflorescence after an...

Miniaturization of organisms is one of the most interesting evolutionary phenomena. This is a very common process and is widely represented in multicellular organisms: invertebrates (nemertean, nematodes, brachiopods, mollusks, arachnids, and insects), and vertebrates (fishes, amphibians, birds, and even mammals). Miniaturization leads to a signifi...

Recent technological achievements in Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) lead to significant increase in amounts of data which must be processed, analyzed and made remotely available to scientists. This, in turn, increased the requirements to the computing platforms used for data processing in terms of RAM and processors’ power. Entirely new approache...