Antonio Crego

Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca | UPSA · Departamento de Psicología

Little is known about the efficacy and effectiveness of the Unified Protocol for Emotional Disorders in group format. A systematic review of the research of this intervention (UP) was conducted, and a meta-analysis of the efficacy and effectiveness was made. We searched for studies in the databases Web of Science, PubMed, PsycInfo, PSICODOC, Schola...

Despite its centrality within the Convention on the Rights of the Child, teachers’ behaviors promoting progressive autonomy, the psychological processes involved in their implementation and their consequences for teachers’ well-being has been neglected. Two studies assess early childhood teachers’ promoting progressive autonomy behaviors and their...

Objectives The aim of this study was to conduct a multi-faceted assessment of the psychometric properties of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). In addition to the goodness-of-fit, we aimed to assess the strength and replicability of three factorial solutions, and the quality and effectiveness of the three scoring schemes of the scale (i.e., total sca...

Objectives This study compares the effectiveness of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) programs in improving mindfulness and self-compassion skills among clinical and health psychology trainees, and analyzes their effects on anxiety and depression. Methods A total of 88 participants were allocated to th...

The importance of cultivating self-compassion is an often neglected issue among mental health professionals despite the risks to occupational well-being present in psychological care, such as burnout or compassion fatigue. In this context, this literature review has a twofold aim. Firstly, to contribute to raising awareness of the benefits of self-...

Objective: The mindfulness and self-compassion (MSC) protocol has shown efficacy in reducing mental illness symptoms and increasing well-being. However, little is known on how the positive outcomes are produced. This study explores how reductions in experiential avoidance following MSC training may explain changes in the participants' levels of an...

The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) is the most cited instrument to measure dispositional mindfulness. However, some aspects of its validity are still under debate. We aimed to assess different sources of validity evidence (i.e., response processes, content, internal structure, reliability, and relations with external variables) of the MAA...

Objective: We reviewed previously published meta-analyses of neurofeedback applied to children with ADHD and conducted a new meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that updates previous results and incorporates methodological modifications. Method: Searches were carried out through PubMed, Sage, PsycINFO, SpringerLink, and Psicodoc. W...

Mindfulness is connected to positive outcomes related to mental health and well-being. However, the psychological mechanisms that account for these relationships are largely unknown. A multiple-step multiple mediator structural equation modeling (SEM) model was tested with mindfulness as the independent variable; purpose in life and behavioral acti...

Experiencing meaning in life and practicing mindfulness in daily life are desirable features of a healthy and satisfactory life. However, the relationships among meaningfulness, mindfulness, psychological well-being and mental health outcomes remains elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mindfulness and meaning...

Clinical and health psychologists are often exposed to occupational hazards, such as burnout and compassion fatigue, which originate from emotional demands at work. Mindful Self‐Compassion (MSC) training has been demonstrated to be useful in increasing well‐being and enhancing mental health. Although the use of the MSC programme in educational cont...

Objective: Despite consistent evidence for the beneficial effects of meditation on mental health, little is known about the mechanisms that make mindfulness meditation effective. Method: The levels of mental health, self-compassion, presence of meaning in life, and experiential avoidance of meditators (n = 414) and nonmeditators (n = 414) were m...

Mindfulness practices focus on increasing awareness and developing acceptance and compassionate attitudes. Mindfulness-based interventions have been suggested as a promising approach for the treatment of behavioral addictions involving automatic behavioral patterns, gambling related cognitions, drive for gambling and craving. This study compares th...

Investigadores de la Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca (UPSA) han llevado a cabo un estudio destinado a descubrir algunos de los motivos por los que la práctica de atención plena puede mejorar el bienestar de las personas. El trabajo, publicado en el Journal of Clinical Psychology, identifica tres factores que podrían estar asociados con los bene...

Mindfulness practices focus on increasing awareness and developing acceptance and compassionate attitudes. Mindfulness-based interventions have been suggested as a promising approach for the treatment of behavioral addictions involving automatic behavioral patterns, gambling-related cognitions, drive for gambling and craving. This study compares th...

We all know meditation can help our mental health, but why? A new study suggests it could help us to develop a particularly important skill: self-compassion. When I ask you to picture the word wellness, chances are you see someone with their legs crossed and eyes closed as they take part in some kind of meditation. After all, it’s pretty common kno...

Over the past few decades, mindfulness meditation has become increasingly popular, particularly as a tool to reduce stress or anxiety and gain a greater sense of wellbeing. While many empirical studies have confirmed that regular meditation, especially mindfulness meditation, can have beneficial effects on people's mental health, so far very little...

Although there's an abundance of empirical evidence linking meditation with more positive mental health outcomes, surprisingly little is known about the exact mechanisms that drive the psychological benefits associated with meditation. A recent study of 828 people (414 "meditators" and 414 "non-meditators") deconstructs why a consistent meditation...

In a new study, researchers found three main factors that could be linked to the mental health benefits of mindfulness meditation. The research was conducted by a team at Pontifical University of Salamanca in Spain. Mindfulness meditation has become increasingly popular, particularly as a tool to reduce stress or anxiety and gain a greater sense of...

La meditación de atención plena, también muy conocida como mindfulness, es un método para reducir el estrés o la ansiedad y obtener una mayor sensación de bienestar. Esta se ha hecho muy popular en las últimas décadas, y aunque muchos estudios empíricos han encontrado evidencia de su utilidad para la salud mental de las personas, hasta ahora se sab...

Un atelier sur la pleine conscience enseigné par Jose Ramón Yela. Crédit: Yela et al. Au cours des dernières décennies, la méditation de pleine conscience est devenue de plus en plus populaire, en particulier comme un outil pour réduire le stress ou l’anxiété et acquérir un plus grand sentiment de bien-être. Alors que de nombreuses études empirique...

A new study, published in the Journal of Clinical Psychology, seeks to answer the question, “why does mindfulness work?” The study explores the relationship between mindfulness meditation and positive mental health outcomes among adult populations. The researchers, led by José Ramón Yela, found that mindfulness may boost mental health by increasing...

Mindfulness practices focus on increasing awareness and developing acceptance and compassionate attitudes. Mindfulness-based interventions have been suggested as a promising approach for the treatment of behavioral addictions involving automatic behavioral patterns, gambling-related cognitions, drive for gambling and craving. This study compares th...

Resumen La adicción al juego conlleva situaciones de estrés para quienes sufren este trastorno y su entorno social próximo. 33 familiares voluntarios de jugadores en rehabilitación participaron en una intervención grupal de autoayuda (GAA), tras la cual iniciaron un Programa de reducción de estrés basado en atención plena (REBAP), de ocho semanas....

This study aims to test the hypothesis that the relationship between religiousness and psychological well-being could be mediated by the levels of meaning or purpose in life a person experiences. A survey study was carried out. A sample comprising 1553 participants from Latin America (87.6 % female), with age ranging from 18 to 70 years (M = 40.16,...

Resumen La adicción al juego conlleva situaciones de estrés para quienes sufren este trastorno y su entorno social próximo. 33 familiares voluntarios de jugadores en rehabilitación participaron en una intervención grupal de autoayuda (GAA), tras la cual iniciaron un Programa de reducción de estrés basado en atención plena (REBAP), de ocho semanas....

La utilización de estrategias controladas para la regulación interpersonal (ECRI) del afecto de la población reclusa puede afectar al bienestar de los operadores de prisiones. Según estudios previos, las ECRIs orientadas a mejorar el afecto de otros incrementan el bienestar del agente que las ejecuta. Al contrario, las ECRIs orientadas a empeorar e...

Objectives: To determine if temporal changes in dental fear over a 4-month period are predicted by changed cognitive vulnerability-related perceptions of going to the dentist. Methods: Australian adults (n = 484) completed mailed questionnaires at baseline and follow-up, containing measures of dental fear, cognitive vulnerability-related percept...

Según estudios previos, el uso de estrategias controladas para la regulación interpersonal (ECRIs) del afecto de otros orientadas a su mejora incrementa el bienestar de quien las emplea, mientras el uso de ECRIs para empeorar el afecto lo deteriora. El consumo y recuperación de recursos de auto-regulación de cada ECRI explican estos resultados. Med...

Academic stress negatively affects students' performance. However, little is known of the processes that may be involved in this association. This study aimed to analyze how other variables such as coping strategies and exam-related self-efficacy could be related to academic stress and performance for dental students. An online survey, including me...

This study aimed to analyze the role that psychosocial elements may play concerning dental attendance and oral health in children. In particular, we explored the associations among dental fear-related cognitive vulnerability perceptions, dental prevention beliefs, the pattern of dental visits, and the number of decayed teeth. A cross-sectional desi...

AimTo explore the mechanisms by which some children select disruptive behaviours to cope with stressful dental events. In particular, the relationships between dental fear, expected effectiveness of destructive coping, and intentions of displaying uncooperative behaviours were analysed.DesignParticipants were 170 children who filled out a questionn...

Dental fear is a widely experienced problem. Through a “vicious cycle dynamic,” fear of dental treatment, lower use of dental services, and oral health diseases reinforce each other. Research on the antecedents of dental anxiety could help to break this cycle, providing useful knowledge to design effective community programs aimed at preventing den...

Negative experiences, cognitions, and family variables are involved in the etiology of child dental fear, but previous research has frequently considered them separately. This study uses the Cognitive Vulnerability Model to explore the influence of negative dental experiences and family members on children's dental anxiety. The participants were 18...

Objective Recently, cognitive approaches have been successfully applied to the understanding of child dental anxiety. Our study aimed to analyze the interplay between cognitive variables and their associations with dental fear. In particular, we proposed that the observed relationship between dental treatment-related cognitive vulnerability (i.e.,...

Although discouraged, pacifier usage is widespread and often practiced beyond two years of age. The current study explored the effects of maternal education and dental visits on the age of pacifier withdrawal. The dental histories of 213 children (53.1% male) attending a primary school in Madrid were obtained along with maternal education level and...

Based on a transactional model of stress, this study aims to understand the role played by attributions in selecting surface acting as emotion regulation strategy when coping with emotion-rule dissonance. A sample of primary health care professionals (n = 87) based in Madrid filled in a questionnaire. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were...

Early retirement is a kind of occupational withdrawal that affects a heterogeneous group of workers. In order to identify types of retirees with similarities in their way of exiting from working life, satisfaction with post-working life and socio-demographic characteristics, we administered an adaption of the Retirement Satisfaction Inventory (Floy...

Purpose This study aims to analyze the relationship between the culture in one of the majority national trade unions in Spain and the difficulties in accomplishing the desired changes and innovations. Design/methodology/approach A total of 15 focus groups comprised of trade union leaders were conducted. Transcriptions of the groups were analyzed f...

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2013; 23: 180–187 Background and aim. Children’s dental fear and/or anxiety (DFA) has been associated with declines in oral health and quality of life. The influence of gender on the relationship between DFA and oral health-related well-being in children is analysed. Design. The decayed, missing and fi...

Purpose The aim of this study is to compare the Spanish and Italian early work retirement (EWR) models in a sample comprising individuals from both countries based on the level of voluntariness involved in labour market exit, psychosocial outcomes, perceived consequences, socio‐demographic variables and motivation. Design/methodology/approach The...

Carrillo-Diaz M, Crego A, Armfield JM, Romero-Maroto M. Treatment experience, frequency of dental visits, and children’s dental fear: a cognitive approach. Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120: 75–81. © 2012 Eur J Oral Sci Cognitive elements play a key role in dental anxiety. Nevertheless, relatively little is known about how dental treatments and frequency of...

Carrillo-Diaz M, Crego A, Armfield JM, Romero-Maroto M. Assessing the relative efficacy of cognitive and non-cognitive factors as predictors of dental anxiety. Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120: 82–88. © 2012 Eur J Oral Sci Although previous research has successfully tested the usefulness of cognitive and non-cognitive factors to predict dental anxiety, the...

Purpose: The Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+) constitutes a theory-grounded, reliable and valid instrument, which, due to its modular structure, allows different uses such as assessing dental anxiety levels, establishing preliminary dental phobia diagnoses and identifying feared stimuli. This study aimed to develop a Spanish version of...

Dental fear is considered to be one of the most frequent problems in paediatric dentistry. According to literature, parents' levels of dental fear play a key role in the development of child's dental anxiety. HYPOTHESIS OR AIM: We have tried to identify the presence of emotional transmission of dental fear among family members and to analyse the di...

To explain the association between children's self-perceived oral health status and dental anxiety, by considering their levels of cognitive vulnerability. Participants were 161 children (47.8% female; mean age = 11.93 years) who filled in a questionnaire comprising self-assessed oral health-related status, dental treatment-related cognitive vulner...

Objectives This study provides psychometric data for the Spanish adaptation of the scale of Retirement Satisfaction Inventory (RSI). We explore the factor structure and psychometric properties a sample of Spanish early retirees. RSI measures the motivation to retirement, satisfaction with life in retirement and leisure activities.Material and metho...

Improved facial aesthetics is one aim of orthodontic treatment. This study was designed to determine if the faces considered more beautiful in a young population exhibit the same parameters used by orthodontists to assess successful results. A panel of 34 laypeople (30 females and 4 males) evaluated a set containing one frontal, one frontal during...

This study provides psychometric data for the Spanish adaptation of the scale of Retirement Satisfaction Inventory (RSI). We explore the factor structure and psychometric properties a sample of Spanish early retirees. RSI measures the motivation to retirement, satisfaction with life in retirement and leisure activities. The RSI scale (Floyd et al,...

The phenomenon of early retirement has been introduced in the Spanish labor market as the organizational form of normal output for older workers. In order to understand the motivational factors that explain output and non-voluntary labor has been administered an adaptation of the Retirement Satisfaction Inventory (Floyd et al., 1992) to a sample of...

Resumen. El fenómeno de las prejubilaciones se ha implantado dentro del mercado laboral español como la forma de salida organizacional habitual de trabajadores de edad avanzada. Con el objetivo de conocer los factores motivacionales que explican una salida laboral voluntaria y no-voluntaria se administro una adaptación del Retirement Satisfaction I...

This paper summarizes the state of affairs of European research on ageing and work. After a close inspection of the age construct, an overview is presented of research in four areas: the relationship between age and HR-policies, early retirement, age and performance/employability, age and health/well-being. The overview results in a research agenda...

INTRODUZIONE L'invecchiamento della popolazione è un fenomeno demografico che interessa tutti i Paesi industrializzati. Nei Paesi dell'Unione Europea si registra quasi ovunque un incremento della percentuale di inci-denza della popolazione over 65 rispetto al resto degli abitanti, ovvero un aumento dell'incidenza della fascia "non attiva" della pop...

En la última década las modalidades de retiro laboral o de salida de los trabajado-res de edad avanzada de las organizacio-nes se han diversificado y flexibilizado en Europa, si bien este fenómeno es extensi-ble a la mayoría de los países del mundo. Así, a la tradicional jubilación obligatoria se han sumado modalidades de jubilación anticipada o vo...

Early retirement is a heterogeneous experience with regard to both the way the exit from the working life is carried out and the personal and psychosocial consequences. In order to explore relationships between socio-demographic variables, causes of early retirement and satisfaction with post-working life, we administered an adaptation of the Retir...

Purpose This paper aims to carry out an in‐depth exploration of early retirement processes from a psychosocial perspective, identifying factors that play a relevant role in decisions for leaving work as well as variables involved in retirement adjustment and possible outcomes for retirees. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative data from nine foc...

Early retirement is a heterogeneous experience with regard to both the way the exit from the working life is carried out and the personal and psychosocial consequences. In order to explore relationships between socio-demographic variables, causes of early retirement and satisfaction with post-working life, we administered an adaptation of the Retir...

La actividad turística tiene una gran importancia económica y social en Canarias. La población residente se beneficia de dicho sector en términos de crecimiento económico y empleo, entre otros. Pero después de varias décadas de implantación progresiva en las Islas y pese a esta importancia, el conocimiento académico acerca de la dinámica de este se...

This article argues for a behaviourist interpretation of Wittgenstein. We propose an 'epistemological behaviourist' account of his notion of language games. The behaviourist line we propose does not deny the ontological existence of the mental, and it understands 'behaviour' in the widest, most social, sense. The gist of our argument is that any su...

Se argumenta a favor de una interpretación conductista de Wittgenstein, caracterizando esta postura como ?conductismo epistemológico? ?referido a juegos de lenguaje-, que no niega ?en el plano ontológico- la existencia de lo mental, que interpreta la conducta en sentido amplio y que tiene un marcado carácter social. En la base de este conductismo s...

Se argumenta a favor de una interpretacion conductista de Wittgenstein, caracterizando esta postura como ?conductismo epistemologico? ?referido a juegos de lenguaje-, que no niega ?en el plano ontologico- la existencia de lo mental, que interpreta la conducta en sentido amplio y que tiene un marcado caracter social. En la base de este conductismo s...

Se argumenta que la experiencia de prejubilación es principalmente un fenómeno analizable desde la perspectiva de la Psicología Social. En primer lugar, llevamos a cabo un análisis bibliométrico con el fin de explorar el estado de la cuestión en este ámbito, tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional. Se señala la evolución en el número de docu...

Se exponen las bases para una Teoría del Conocimiento desde una perspectiva Sociopsicológica, tomando como autores de referencia a Wittgenstein y Marx. Se considera que la obra marxiana y la wittgensteiniana son compatibles ya que ambos autores señalan el carácter público¿social y pragmático del lenguaje. La línea directriz de la argumentación es i...

We expose that consciousness is asocial event in essence. Contributions from four sociopsychological frameworks -vygotskian psychology, Symbolic Interactionism, Social Constructionism and Bronfenbrenner's socioecological model- are revised and its relevance for Mental Health is suggested. We claim for people working in Mental Health being aware of...

We expose that consciousness is asocial event in essence. Contributions from four sociopsychological frameworks -vygotskian psychology, Symbolic Interactionism, Social Constructionism and Bronfenbrenner's socioecological model- are revised and its relevance for Mental Health is suggested. We claim for people working in Mental Health being aware of...

In 1980 the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was considered as a psychopathological diagnosis for the first time. Nowadays, this diagnosis is frequently applied. However, it could include different symptom clusters, according to the traumatic event that triggers the PSTD. This paper presents the treatment of a young woman (21 years old) with P...

El diagnóstico del Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático (TEPT), a pesar de no ser tipificado como tal hasta 1980, se ha convertido en la actualidad en uno de los más utilizados. Es posible que dentro de este diagnóstico se incluyan constelaciones de síntomas muy diferentes dependiendo del tipo de trauma que facilita la aparición del TEPT. Se expone el...

Se lleva a cabo un intento de elaborar las bases para una Teoría del Conocimiento desde una perspectiva Sociopsicológica, recurriendo a dos grandes figuras del pensamiento. Wittgenstein y Marx. Se defiende que la bora marxiana y la wittgensteiniana son diferentes pero compatibles, ya que ambos autores señalan el carácter público-social y pragmático...

Obra en que se ofrece una propuesta de tratamiento para diferentes alteraciones emocionales con base en técnicas de diversos modelos que se insertan en la psicoterapia grupal. Su objetivo es lograr el manejo de las emociones de una forma adaptativa.