Andrew Bond

IHS Markit · Russian and Caspian Energy, Washington, DC

Emerging regional implications of the Gorbachev economic policy are outlined through examination of guidelines of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan and geography's role in it, and the cancellation and slowdown, respectively, of north-south water transfer schemes and BAM-AYaM railroad construction efforts. Fusion of growth pole concepts with tenets of dial...

Results of the second meeting of a panel of distinguished specialists who review annually Soviet economic performance are presented in the form of proceedings interwoven with tabular material, references, and occasional abstracts. Because of serious inconsistences and discrepancies in official Soviet statistical data for the year 1986, a debate on...

The proceedings of a panel of American specialists devoted to the recent economic reform are summarized. The panelists noted that the most substantial changes to date have accompanied efforts to restructure the decisionmaking hierarchy—in particular, a recentralization of authority through the creation of biuros and state committees and legislation...

This article summarizes a discussion by a panel of leading experts on Soviet energy analyzing the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl’ nuclear plant in the Ukraine on April 26, 1986.The near-term economic costs associated with clean-up, relocation, and compensating for losses to electricity supplies are significant but manageable. The lon...

In a companion paper to “Environmentalism in the USSR: The Opposition to the River Diversion Projects,” two geographers survey the current status of water transfer research after cancellation of the European and Siberian diversion projects and offer a different perspective on the debates leading to that cancellation. Implications of a demand-side a...

The resource base for the Russian tin industry is surveyed district by district, with emphasis on deposit geology and mineralogy, world and domestic market conditions, production linkages between mines and processing facilities, and exploration activity. Current Russian output is less than one-half the former Soviet total of the mid-1980s, a reflec...

The raw material base of the titanium industries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is assessed, with a focus on the geology and mineralogy of producing and prospective deposits and prevailing end-use patterns in CIS and the world as a whole. Upon the break-up of the USSR, Ukraine was the only supplier of titanium ore for the titanium...

A survey of Russia's platinum-group metals examines a number of dimensions involved in their mining and processing. Estimates of reserves and production are assessed in light of deposit type (lode vs. placer) and relative abundance of various platinum-group metals in ores. Complex polymetallic sulfide ores in lode deposits at Noril'sk and Talnakh c...

Two U.S. geographers review an array of intertwining political geographic issues that provide context and set the stage for deadly armed conflict between groups of ethnic Uzbeks and Kyrgyz in the southern Kyrgyzstan city of Osh in June 2010. Applying a disaggregated and localized approach to understanding the ambiguous and complex factors underlyin...

Two economic geographers specializing in the mineral resources of the former Soviet Union and Russia discuss a paper on Russian oil published in this journal by a seasoned observer of this critical subject since the early 1970s. The authors comment on the behavior of Russian oil companies such as Yukos, Russian economic policy in mid-2004, and the...

Two specialists on the mineral industries of the former USSR examine current operations and plans for future development of Noril'sk Nickel RAO, Russia's largest producer of nickel, copper, and platinum-group metals (PGM). The paper surveys recent changes in demand (world market prices) for Noril'sk Nickel's major export commodities (with particula...

A senior World Bank economist and two American specialists on the Russian economy examine the patterns of U.S. imports from the USSR and independent Russia since the advent of U.S.-Soviet detente. The authors track imports of seven Russian mineral products exposed to formal dumping investigations in the U.S., assessing the legal basis for such inte...

Two specialists on the mineral industries of the countries of the former USSR survey current problems confronting producers of ferrous metals in Ukraine and future prospects for domestic production and exports. A series of observations documenting the importance of ferrous metals production to Ukraine's economy is followed by sections describing in...

Production of copper and molybdenum in Armenia is examined, with special emphasis on the location of major deposits, former and proposed future centers of processing, and contribution of metals exports to the country's foreign trade revenues. Particular emphasis is placed on the impacts on these industries of the disruption of economic ties resulti...

An American resource geographer examines current production in one of the world's major copper industries, with special emphasis on the Noril'sk Nickel Joint-Stock Company - the world's most important producer of platinum-group metals, a leader in nickel and cobalt output, and the leading Russian producer of copper as well. The author documents and...

The paper surveys regularities in the organization, economic status, and activities of the non-energy mineral industries in independent Russia. It synthesizes the findings of detailed studies of eight key mineral commodities, as well as general information on other non-energy minerals and on general economic conditions, to derive generalizations be...

The paper investigates oblast-level variations in employment structure accompanying shifts from industrial to services and information-related economic activities in the European regions of the former USSR over the period 1959-1985. Quantitative indices of secondary, tertiary, and quaternary development form the basis for a typology of sectoral dev...

The bauxite resource base for the aluminum industry of independent Russia is examined generally in terms of deposit geology and mineralogy, feasibility of processing based on conventional methods, world aluminum markets, and the general economic environment within Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States. Plans to develop new mines and to...

The status of Russia's access to manganese - a vital ferroalloy raw material - upon the disintegration of the USSR is examined. Russian manganese reserves are assessed from the perspective of ore quality and quantity in light of the disruption of once-steady supply relationships, current demand for manganese ferroalloys in the Russian steel industr...

A panel of geographers, demographers, and political scientists debates a broad spectrum of urgent social issues confronting the successor states of the former USSR. Particular emphasis is given to an examination of problems emerging as a result of unequal rates of population and labor force growth; interethnic tensions; the “stranding” of members o...

This paper examines the shifts in labor between the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors (extractive industries, manufacturing and construction, and services and related activities, respectively) accompanying economic change in the former USSR and their relationship to patterns of urbanization. A major focus of the study is the comparison of th...

The Environmental Protection Law has been described as Russia's ecological code. It is a body of general principles which will guide the development of more specific laws to fill gaps left by the collapse of the Soviet Union. The article examines sections in detail including the laws objectives, the rights and responsibilities of the citizen, the f...

A panel of geographers and other specialists on the Soviet Union examines a range of economic and territorial issues shaping Siberia's past, present, and future. These include a history of local particularism and colonial rule imposed by the center; internal contradictions reflecting the region's enormous size and diversity; dynamics of population...

The second of two articles devoted to spatial and temporal trends in economic development and levels of living within the USSR examines patterns in consumption and investment (national income used) at the union republic level, personal services expenditures (oblast and economic regional level). Economic and political issues surrounding the current...

The first of two articles devoted to spatial and temporal trends in economic development and levels of living within the USSR focuses on changes in the pattern of absolute and per capita economic output - national income produced and gross value of industrial output (at the republic and economic regional level, respectively). It then investigates t...

This paper surveys economic, political, and legal factors involved in decisions to reclaim surface-mined land in the USSR, with particular emphasis on coal and iron ore, two of the most economically significant minerals extracted by surface mining and subsequently reclaimed. An analysis of selected economic, political, and legal factors follows. Th...

There are at least three basic reasons for renewed and more careful attention to the Moscow Region, all of which are interconnected with the current national policy of economic restructuring (perestroyka). Concisely, these are: 1) Moscow and its environs have been assigned a pivotal role in perestroyka, to the point where "success' nationwide is pr...

A panel of geographers debates possible future developments in the Soviet Union in regional and environmental policy, water resource management, agriculture, industry, energy, population, urban growth and planning, transportation, and foreign trade. The present emphasis on modernization of existing plant capacity in cities of the western, more heav...

The construction and maintenance of water, sewage, and heating lines in permafrost poses one of the greatest city-building problems faced in northern environments. The design and installation of a modern utility grid in Noril'sk, northern USSR, provides a good example of Soviet civil engineering strategy on permafrost. Early failures in combined un...

The construction of apartments and other buildings on permafrost has presented a major obstacle to urban settlement at Noril'sk, in far northern Siberia. This article identifies four major stages in the development of local construction knowledge, with an emphasis on residential construction. The first two stages, covering the 15 years following th...

The total, urban and rural population of major civil divisions of the Soviet Union and the population of cities over 100 000 are analyzed and mapped on the basis of preliminary results of the 1979 census. Total population growth rates declined during the 1970-79 intercensal period compared with the 1959-70 period while urbanization continued apace,...

Thesis (Ph. D. in Geography)--University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 1983. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 469-491). Microfilm. n