BPL WOMEN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP- AN EMPOWERMENT & COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT APPROACH-CONCEPTUAL MODEL.

Abstract

The article is about the upcoming of Below Poverty Line Community (BPLC) women as social entrepreneurs and the impact of their economic growth on the BPL community development. The poor infrastructure and lack of basic amenities serve them as s stimulus for striving and paves foundation for the starting up of an enterprise. In this situation, their family environment, individual characteristics and market facilities interact to aid the metamorphosis of these women into women social entrepreneurs. Whereas a competent women who have been exposed to market facilities but having lesser family environment turn out to become working women. By the virtue of the Role adoption process either as entrepreneurs or as working women these BPLC women improves their economic condition. This economic development makes them to be empowered and have an impact on their individual self, family and ultimately the community.

To empower BPLC women, is to empower them in three dimensions namely, Personal empowerment (known as capacity building), Economic empowerment (a collective effort through Self-Help Groups (SHGs) solving individual, group, community and economic problems relating to BPLC women) and social empowerment. (to empower BPLC women through building their personal capacities so as to bring about a socio cultural and political change in their lives). Micro credit facilitates through self-help groups to enable them access credit and employment is an important contribution in this respect.

The concept of women’s SHGs has spread among the NGOs, community as well as various Government divisions involved in channeling credit and saving services to BPLC. It is generally believed that by targeting the appropriate services to BPLC women groups, these women can be enabled to raise the household above the poverty line because they are given a supportive network to gain access to credit, which integrates them into the household decision-making process.

The article describes the essential features of grass-root level governance of BPLC women. This article meets the sat is factory requirement of Students, Teachers, Researchers, NGO’s and Consultants of this women studies as well as gives awareness on social welfare measures for the weaker sections of the society.

Full text

Kodi thunai.
BPL WOMEN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP- AN EMPOWERMENT &
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT APPROACH-CONCEPTUAL MODEL.
Dr. P.Amuthalakshmi
Asst Professor
Madras School of Social Work
32, Casa Major Road, Egmore, Chennai 600 008.
Phone +91 9282112019
Amuthalakshmi@mssw.in
ABSTRACT
The article is about the upcoming of Below Poverty Line Community (BPLC) women as
social entrepreneurs and the impact of their economic growth on the BPL community
development. The poor infrastructure and lack of basic amenities serve them as s stimulus
for striving and paves foundation for the starting up of an enterprise. In this situation,
their family environment, individual characteristics and market facilities interact to aid
the metamorphosis of these women into women social entrepreneurs. Whereas a
competent women who have been exposed to market facilities but having lesser family
environment turn out to become working women. By the virtue of the Role adoption
process either as entrepreneurs or as working women these BPLC women improves their
economic condition. This economic development makes them to be empowered and have
an impact on their individual self, family and ultimately the community.
To empower BPLC women, is to empower them in three dimensions namely, Personal
empowerment (known as capacity building), Economic empowerment (a collective effort
through Self-Help Groups (SHGs) solving individual, group, community and economic
problems relating to BPLC women) and social empowerment. (to empower BPLC
women through building their personal capacities so as to bring about a socio cultural
and political change in their lives). Micro credit facilitates through self-help groups to
enable them access credit and employment is an important contribution in this respect.
The concept of women’s SHGs has spread among the NGOs, community as well as
various Government divisions involved in channeling credit and saving services to
BPLC. It is generally believed that by targeting the appropriate services to BPLC women
groups, these women can be enabled to raise the household above the poverty line
because they are given a supportive network to gain access to credit, which integrates
them into the household decision-making process.
The article describes the essential features of grass-root level governance of BPLC
women. This article meets the sat is factory requirement of Students, Teachers,
Researchers, NGO’s and Consultants of this women studies as well as gives awareness on
social welfare measures for the weaker sections of the society.
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BPL WOMEN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP- AN EMPOWERMENT &
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT APPROACH-CONCEPTUAL MODEL.
INTRODUCTION.
Social entrepreneurship is establishing any enterprise or service in a community level in
an empowering way by means of transferring the economic power to the deprived groups
and individuals. Its logic is that to think locally, act with local philosophy and approach
the community in economic development. It emphasizes creation of adequate and
sustainable jobs for the unemployed or in the absence of jobs, it provides social wage.
Social entrepreneurship promotes the notion of mutual obligation and individual
responsibility. This is socially benefited business entity.
SCOPE
The concept reflects a move from philanthropy attitude towards social investment to
build a social capital. This social investment is to deliver returns directly in terms of
producing conducive social environments for the operation of business. This social
investment by business of a region is enhanced through social development of networks
across economic and social system. This is an approach for implementing social policy
that gives emphasis on development studies (social work, psychology, sociology,
community development, economics, commerce and political science.) together. It
proposes comprehensive solutions to social problems involving all social sectors
including health, housing, work, agriculture, welfare, education etc. It recognizes the
relationship between these sectors in providing for the well being of people and societies.
Development of social entrepreneurship in social work field is the goal of social justice in
harmony with value system.
“With their knowledge about community needs and social issues, and their skills in
participatory people- centered community development, social workers are ideally placed
to contribute directly to social entrepreneurship development at a gross root level, to
advise business on corporate social investment and to facilitate the development of
partnerships between the business and community sectors. Just as Community
development involves direct engagement of local communities in their own problem
resolution, so social entrepreneurship development involves their direct participation in
projects aimed at full economic empowerment”. (Penney Crofts 2005)
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A PROBLM – SOLVINGAPPROACH
The NGO’s job of a social entrepreneurship is to recognize that when a part of society is
stuck, new ways must be found to get it unstuck. They find what is not working and
effect appropriate changes in the system; spreading solution to the existing problem
where they take new leaps. Social entrepreneurs are not contented just in giving fish but
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teach how to fish. Identifying and solving large-scale social problems requires a social
entrepreneurship because only the entrepreneurs have the committed vision and
inexhaustible determination to persist until they have transformed to an entire system.
The professional succeeds when she/he solves a people problem. Social entrepreneurs go
beyond the immediate problems to fundamentally change communities, societies etc,
through their economic sustainability.
TARGET GROUPS IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
1. The Rural and Urban poor
2. Women
3. Youth
4. The disabled
5. Associations or groups of the poor, women, farmers, youth
6. Gross root NGO’s etc.
DIMENSIONS ON SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Sustainability: The NGOs have the ability to fund the social entrepreneurs through a
combination of earned income, charitable contributions and networking with other
organizations. With this combined effort, they are able to invest the money for social
entrepreneurship through which sustainability is obtained for the welfare of the people.
Self-sufficiency: It is ability to develop infrastructure, which proves self- contained and
self sufficient. All the essential needs are fully satisfied through entrepreneurship.
Social purpose business venture: An earned income strategy designed to directly
address a specific social problem and simultaneously make a profit.
Affirmative BUSINESS: A social purpose business venture created specially to
provide permanent jobs, competitive wages, career tracks and ownership opportunities
for people who are disadvantaged, whether economically or educationally; the employees
include people who are developmentally disabled, chronically mentally ill, drug addicts,
former convicts, visually impaired, physically challenged, members of inner- city
minority groups and others.
Nonprofit entrepreneur: An individual who pays increasing attention to market forces
without losing sight of the organization’s underlying the mission. It is only
the welfare of the people that is the focus of the nonprofit entrepreneurs. A non profit
entrepreneur that seeks to match core competencies with market place opportunities
in order to simultaneously generate more earned income and expand the social impact.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURIAL MODEL
The components of resources in the social entrepreneurial model are; Psychological,
Sociological, economical and integrated.
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The psychological resources in social entrepreneurial model are -: attitude, motivation,
competency and moderate risk taking. This model focuses on personality factors &
believes that entrepreneurs have unique attitudes, motivation & competencies towards
work and life. These along with certain dominant needs propel the individual to behave in
certain ways. The entrepreneurs can be differentiated from non-entrepreneurs by
personality characteristics. Much of entrepreneur’s ability relates to a personality or style
of behaviors that develops over time primarily through relationship with family and
community members.
In sociological resources, the family system, social/ institutional support, cultural
dynamism are very important. Family is considered as the most important of all social
institutions. A large proportion of the life of an individual centers on the family then on
any other social institution. Family system determine by its relationship, establishing
status & maintenance. The family relationship provides the emotional bonding and
affectionate ties that develop its members to a realization of responsibilities, intimacy and
loyalty to the family as a system. Status gives economic recognition and an opportunity
to have more of the amenities and facilities of life such as housing, food, clothing, better
education, expenditure pattern, toilet facility, bathing facility etc. Maintenance in terms
of how an entrepreneur maintains the roles of housewife on the one hand & that of
professional women on the other.
In economic resources women entrepreneurs have lack of access to funds because they
do not possess any tangible security, also they don’t enjoy right over property of any
form .Whatever the savings they have were utilized for the income generation activities.
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They have to depend on pawn brokers for their survival with high rate of interest. In this
situation Banks & financial institutions are giving assistance to the entrepreneurs. Many
government organizations & N.G.O’s are adopting Micro-credit as a tool to empower
BPLC women. Micro credits opens up a window of opportunity for the women to
function as a group with activities beneficial to them & to access to information available
outside home.
The integrated resources are the combination of psychological, sociological, economic
and external resources which fabricated to be as integrated factors. The external resources
are supportive component of a community like the opportunity to buy or sell
commodities, seeking business opportunities, financial backups either through the
government agencies, N.G.O’S, private micro credit, which provide flexibility by
allowing a women to choose her own course of action i.e. to become a social
entrepreneur.
NGOs CONTRIBUTION TO BPLC EMPOWERMENT
In India women’s groups have been established since the introduction of the Community
Development Program (CDP) in 1952, and then known as Mahila Mandals (women’s
organizations). The pioneering work of mobilizing women began as early as in the
1950s.Women’s credit and / or saving programs initiated by several NGOs were the
women’s component in the integrated development program. In India the widely known
gender-focused micro-finance programs implemented are through the PRADAN in Tamil
Nadu, MYRADA in Karnataka. During the 1980s, in a few states of North India, some
NGOs concentrated on providing loans to poor women to invest in tiny businesses,
enabling them to generate and accumulate assets and raise household income and
welfare. SEWA founded in 1974 at Gujarat identified credit as a major constraint in their
work with informal sector women workers. Other women’s organizations including
Working Women’s Forum (WWF) at Tamil Nadu and Annapurna Mahila Mandal
(AMM) were added. The NGO sector has been recognized as a crucial partner.
Recognizing the strengths of the NGOs in organizing the community and the potential in
savings and credit programs, NABARD also started increasingly associating with NGOs.
The NGOs rapport with the grassroots is utilized by NABARD for providing support
services in the area of capacity building, training, and promotion of SHGs and to a
limited extent as financial intermediaries also. The NGOs have been instrumental in
training and developing SHGs to a level where it can do business on equal terms with a
bank. Social and communication barriers often make it necessary for the NGOs to
introduce the group to the bank, and to foster the relationship for some time. A large
number of NGOs have responded to this new ‘market’, since it is a powerful method of
empowering their clients and making them independent of future assistance. In 1990s
about 800 NGOs were participating in its Self-Help Group- Bank linkage program as per
NABARD data alleviation program in April 1999.
Other large-scale schemes have also been started to channel credit to women through
NGOs and/or through NABARD, Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK) and Small Industries
Development Board of India (SIDBI). . The SGSY primarily about injecting credit for
promotional purposes and is premised on the expectation that households can use the
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credit-financed enterprises to make a linear, uni-dimensional movement for BPLC. The
Task Force on Micro-finance constituted by NABARD suggested a working definition of
micro-finance as provision of thrift, credit and other financial services and products of
very small amounts to the poor to enable them to raise their income and empower them.
The SGSY, which seeks to use SHGs as channels of delivery of credit-cum-subsidy
assistance to below-poverty line sections, aims to bring every assisted family above the
poverty line in 3 years by creating a monthly income of at least Rs 2,000/- from the
activity undertaken, after repayment of the bank loan. BPLC women need some financial
services like savings, are likely to be more appropriate than access to credit. Women have
to built up their credit worthiness as reliable borrowers over a number of years; they are
now accessing much larger and longer-term loans for their families.
This aspect of empowerment contributes to the role of women in decision-making in the
family and to their status outside it. To bridge the gap between demand and supply of
funds in the lower rungs of the BPLC economy, the formal sector took the initiative to
develop supplementary credit delivery mechanisms by encouraging institutional
arrangements outside the financial system, with the launching of NABARD’s pilot
scheme.
The community development through women social entrepreneurship occurs in the
following ways.
1. Social entrepreneurship for financial self-sustainability.
2. Social entrepreneurship for poverty alleviation.
3. Social entrepreneurship for women’s empowerment
4. Social entrepreneurship for Employment generation and Enterprise development.
Elements of Community Development through Social Entrepreneurship
S.No Elements Importance
1 Financial self sustainability Small savings, loan provision,
2 Poverty Alleviation Poverty Reduction, Providing Basic
amenities, Decent Standard of life.
3 Women Empowerment Socio- Political Empowerment, Gender
Awareness, Legal Rights, Gender
Advocacy.
4 Employment generation &
Enterprise Development
Create Opportunities for employment,
Substance enterprise etc.
The BPLC woman is involved to take up the responsibility and work as a team in
achieving the desired objectives in community development. Sometimes the process of
community development through entrepreneurship is complicated where the strength and
force of the local community may not be sufficient, therefore they invite the support of
neighboring like-minded people and the like-minded groups and organizations and even
the neighboring voluntary organization to get their support in whatever way possible. In
this process proper co-ordination has been ensured to strengthen the social enterprises.
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Assistance rendered to the two types of enterprises corresponds to two different sets of
community development objectives; these objectives themselves correspond to two major
types of programs. These sets of correspondences are shown below.
Two Major Types of Social Enterprises
Social enterprise Livelihood-oriented Growth - oriented
Objectives Poverty reduction and
women’s empowerment
Empowerment
generation and enterprise
development
Process Livelihood Programs Enterprise Programs
End Result
Enterprise Expansion but
only one setup
Enterprise Transformation
Source: Asian Development Bank, Micro enterprise Development, Not by Credit Alone,
1997.
The Community Development is captured effectively in the paradigm of social enterprise.
BPLC Women’s sense of self-worth; their right to have and determine choices; their right
to have the power to control their own lives, both within and outside the home, and their
ability to influence the direction of social change to create a more just social and
economic order in the BPLC.
The United Nations Development Fund 2001, community development for BPLC is
essential for any strategy of poverty alleviation and defines this as “having access to and
control over the means to make a living on a sustainable and long -term basis, and
receiving the material benefits of this access and control. Such an approach goes beyond
short-term goals of increasing women’s access to income and looks for longer- term
sustainable benefits, not only in terms of changes to laws and policies that constrain
women’s participation in and benefits from development, but also in terms of power
relationships at the household, community and market levels”.
N.G.O’S AND S.H.G, S IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT.
Kabeer (1995) explores the experience of N.G.O, s which has successfully incorporated
gender awareness into the formation of anti-poverty interventions. Organizational
experience is critical to ensuring that their needs and views inform the planning process.
It emphasizes that women-specific projects will do little to challenge the marginal place
assigned to women within development as long as the norms, practices and procedures,
which guide the overall development effort, remain fundamentally unchanged .
For empowerment to be transformative, it must be seen as a process existing on all levels:
individual, group and societal. Unless the gendered power structures that subordinate
women on the societal level are addressed, individual women cannot take full control
over their lives .And unless a group of women feel worthy of safety and are able to act to
gether; a law prohibiting violence against women will have little effect on women’s
ability to change their situation. The different levels are interconnected and mutually
reinforcing. (Strandberg 2001).
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In India Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) successfully integrates a complex
myriad of lives, occupations and issues into one union. Where as the BPLC women are
individually extremely vulnerable to the forces of their day-to-day poverty which are
compounded by financial exploitation, physical abuse and social harassment, they have
found that through micro credit, they are collectively able to struggle against these forces
and odds to effect change in their lives and work. SEWA is constantly, systematically,
simultaneously working on three levels; Grassroots, National and International to bring
visibility and change in women’s lives.
The majority of program fails to make any significant impact on women’s incomes. The
diversity of the small- scale sector on the one hand, and the complexity of constraints
posed by poverty and inequality on the other, makes the likelihood of any easy
“blueprint” for successful women’s micro-enterprise development extremely slim. What
is clear is that micro-enterprise development for women is unlikely to be an “all-win”,
“bottom-up” solution to a wide range of development problems. Even in terms of narrow
aims of increasing beneficiary incomes, micro-enterprise development is unlikely to
succeed for the vast majority of poor women unless it is part of a transformed wider
agenda.
There are particularly serious implications for any reliance on micro-enterprise program
as the main focus of a wider strategy for poverty alleviation and change in gender
inequality. Wint (1993) makes an analysis of the policies and experiences of lending
agencies, which have concentrated their efforts on the micro-enterprise sector over the
last decade. The limited success of these agencies and the failure of many women to
move beyond the pre-micro enterprise level are discussed, as well as the difficulties
which women face in approaching the formal banking system for credit. The article
concludes with concrete suggestions for minimizing the difficulties which women
encounter as they strive for sustainable business options, which are compatible with
societal gender expectations.
BPLC Women living in poor conditions need access to resources so as to be empowered
at various levels. The Mahalir Thittam project steps in to facilitate women’s
participation and empower them in the following ways.
1. Individual / Personal
2. Family
3. Social Enterprise
4. BPL Community
The outcome of women’s participation at the four levels is the envisaged effectiveness of
the Mahalir Thittam Project that is assumed will lead to empowerment of women.
Goetz and Sen Gupta 1996, Mayox 2003). This has led to the measurement of individual
control over resources, involvement in family and community decision-making, levels of
participation in community activities and social networks and participation. The
effectiveness of the Mahalir Thittam project is presented here.
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INDIVIDUAL LEVEL
The income earned through enterprises helps women to look at problems with a different
perspective, analyze their situation, identify and recognize their strength, accept their
limitations and alter their self image so as to move forward in their progress. Women’s
self reliance was an indicator to identify personal capacity with regard to their increased
self confidence, self reliance and sense of autonomy. They are able to analyze their self in
terms of awareness in personal hygiene, health, education and environment, increased
financial literacy, better communication skills better leadership skills, self help &
increased mutual help etc. Self perception in terms of building confidence, problem
solving, decision making, self respect increase in sense of autonomy, increased self
reliance and increased gender awareness. BPLC women considered these aspects are
important since it enables women to realize their lives critically.
FAMILYLEVEL
Women’s access to credit & savings from enterprises gave a rise to economic
independence which builds her voice and status within the family. Increasing women’s
income also directly improves family welfare as women are seen to channel more of their
income to meeting the needs of their household. Women can directly increase household
assets, education, expenditure, spending on food and also ability to cope with problems.
Decisions relating to the allocation of resources to consumption, production and
investment activities are made at the family level. All these aspects are expected to
contribute to a sense of status within household.
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ENTERPRISE LEVEL
Because of social enterprises BPLC women have moved from the status of being
unemployed or partially employed to the status of being gainfully employed. The
resource base such as financial capital, lab our, productivity and growth potential of
enterprises are fairly stable in such groups. The enterprises have financial capital and
growth potentials which are strong because of the backup services provides by the credit
institutions, Government &the respective N.G. O’s. The members themselves are a
steady supply of lab our for the group activity although sometimes outside lab our also
hired. Assets include fixed assets such as land, building, material, equipment and tools.
Current assets such as raw materials, bank balances and inventory. The different types of
enterprises are Beedi rolling, Packaging, Tailoring, Food preservation, Paddy field, Foot
mat weaving, Palm leaf weaving, Mushroom cultivation, Nutritious Powder making,
Pottery, Agarbatti workers, Papad rollers, Readymade garment workers, Handicrafts,
Cereals and pulses based products, Dried and fried snacks, Bakery products etc.
COMMUNITY LEVEL
Mahalir thittam project has led to their greater participation in activities inside and
outside their homes and also within their BPL communities. e micro credit programmes
have social components which empower them to increase contact with other community
members which lead to increase in individual’s knowledge of their rights within society.
The ultimate goal of women’s development through this project is to attain independent
status with others in society and thus become primary change agents of their development
and that of community.
The extensive network of S.H.G’S have been able to demanding & access their
entitlements such as social services, safe drinking water, shelter ,Identifying the needs of
the school, to build road & ditch, conducting health camps. They have been able to
contribute towards development of the community by effectively participating in its
development process on the other. The group solidarity especially where women have
become very active socially & act as role models in the BPLC. After joining in the
Mahalir Thittam Project women move outside of the household, women are given
training inputs on various skills in self confidence. Such skills are coupled with inputs on
cultural and social barriers that hinder women’s visibility and movement. Women are
enabled to move confidently and thereby increase their independency and personal
capacity. Moreover they are aware of the injustice done in legal framework, judicial
standards and public policies.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON BPL COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
BPLC has a very little relation with outer areas. It evolved faster than others and has
some clear demarcation over others through trade. In these places the people do new
kinds of work and encounter new needs. As they change, they grow in size and diversify
in their activities eventually they become holders of Money and power. According to
Chaudhary (1993), power is defined as through money an individual or groups of
individuals modify the conduct of other individuals or groups in a manner in which they
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desire. Also power refers to all kinds of influence between persons or groups including
those exercised in exchange transactions where one induces the other to accede in his /
her wishes by rewarding them for doing so. The ingredients of power are authority,
prestige, influence, dominance and force that are inherited by women entrepreneurs by
lending money, which they earned as profit from the business for interest. The needy
people get loans from the successful women entrepreneurs and repay it back with interest.
The people, who repay, have gratitude to women entrepreneurs for their timely help.
Whereas the people who are unable to pay back the money are bonded to the women
entrepreneurs. Further they run errands for the women entrepreneurs and thus keep them
happy and see that the entrepreneurs do not ask the principal money. Thus they yield
power and have control over other people.
Money and power acquired by the business activity empower the women social
entrepreneurs to certain extent. Empowerment of women through social entrepreneurship
develops consciousness and raises participatory level in the community. Further more
women not only develop a critical awareness of the Micro and Macro reality they also
make efforts to create change in the community. Further women entrepreneurs readily
realize their condition of subordination and workout the means whereby they could
liberate themselves from cultural chains. Anderson, Robert and Timmons (1990), argue
that people tend to cooperate with others on tasks both easy and difficult to attain. This
depends only on the felt need or perception of the problem by one and all in the
community.
Money and power as an outcome has remarkable impact on community development.
The new fund flow, which has been started by the entrepreneurs initiates and sustains
new income generation activities in the locality, thus enabling the women Entrepreneurs
to participate in the peripheral activities. These cooperative activities are the stimuli for
infrastructure development including amenities and facilities, improved expenditure
pattern, educational accomplishments, cohesiveness. Thus the behavioral aspects such as
“we” feeling, Cooperation and participation among the women in the BPLC determine an
entrepreneurship activity. Infrastructure and behavioral development is the signal for
community growth, it signifies socio-economic development of that particular BPLC.
Thereafter this interaction combines and continues as a cycle.
.
CONCLUSION
Entrepreneurship among BPLC women and weaker sections that constitute a large
section of the Indian population should be brought into the main stream of development.
This conceptual model can help the policymakers to transform the urban poor to the
organized economy and to be productively engaged in their activities, whereby the
community can be benefited.
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REFERENCES
1. Anderson & Robert& Timmons(1990), “Community cooperation and
development process.- A Case study” , Sociological abstracts. Vol.39,
No.1,pp.116-121.
2. Chaudhary (1993), “Community power structure, search for Alternative
paradigm” Har-Anand Publication, New Delhi.Pp.35.
3. Wint.(1993) Micro Enterprise Support & the double bind on gender in Jamaica;
Labour, Capital & Society; Vol , No 1, Pp 19-40, St. Maris University, Nova
Scortia, Canada.
4. Kabeer (1995) Targetting Women or Transforming Institutions? Development in
practice, Volume 5 No.2 OXFAM, Pp 108-116, UK.
5. Stranberg N (2001) Empowerment of Women as a Transformative Strategy for
Poverty Alleviation; United Nations; USA.
6. Mayox (2003) Micro finance and the empowerment of Women. A review of the
key issues: International Labour Organization, Geneva.
7. Penny Crofts (2005) Social Entrepreneurship, Is it the business of Social Work ?
Organization and Mangement of institution for family well being. College
Community Centre (Andhra Pradesh).
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