Amber Kiyani

Riphah International University · Department of Oral Medicine

Introduction: Dental school admissions in Pakistan traditionally rely on Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC), University of Health Sciences (UHS), and National Testing Service (NTS) scores, with limited research available on their predictive validity for dental school performance. This study aims to investigate the correlation between a stud...

Abstract Introduction Dentists have considered chlorhexidine as the gold standard antimicrobial solution against oral microbes for decades. The side effects of chlorhexidine and our historical reliance on natural remedies create the need for herbal alternative. Objective This study evaluated the effectiveness of chlorhexidine, coconut oil, and mor...

Objective: To analyze the discrepancy index between the clinical and histological diagnosis of oral lesions. Materials and method: A sample of 910 cases from year 2013-2021 were analyzed using non probability convenience sampling technique. This included patient records and histopathological reports of patients treated at IIDC & H and FUCD & H. Cli...

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the potential of teledentistry in improving oral medicine practice and patient care by collecting data from dental clinicians in two years and analyzing the accuracy of diagnoses made. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out including cases from 2019 to 2021. Data from...

Background: Candida albicans is linked to persistent endodontic lesions. However, the recognition receptor that identifies it is not explored previously. Objectives: The aim of this study was to (1) establish a zymosan induced model of apical periodontitis in mouse, (2) observe the expression of Dectin-1 and its possible relationship with toll l...

Objective: Distressing behavioural, physical and psychological symptoms occurring before the onset of menstruation in the absence of pathological disease are referred to as premenstrual syndrome (PMS). While a handful of studies have documented ulceration, hypo salivation, taste alterations and gingivitis as oral symptoms associated with PMS, the l...

Background Toll like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 present on innate immune cells of the dental pulp detect cariogenic bacteria. Along with bacteria, C. albicans may also be present in dental caries. The presence of C. albicans can be detected by Dectin-1 a C type Lectin receptor. Expression of Dectin-1 in human pulpits has not been reported. Similarly,...

Objectives This in vivo animal study aimed to develop a murine model of pulpitis induced by pulp exposure with or without application of zymosan in Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice and observe expressions of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, TLR-4, Dectin-1, Osteopontin (OPN), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1ß...

OBJECTIVE: Dental anxiety can be adversely affected by pandemics like corona virus. Most patients have preferred to defer their dental appointments and that patients generally neglect their health in epidemics. The investigation was carried out to determine the effect of the current coronavirus pandemic on dental anxiety by comparing through and po...

Objective: To determine the expectation and satisfaction of oral oncology patients with their management byevaluating the quality of patient communication, physical and emotional support and the factors that resultsin treatment delays. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in multiple oncology centers acrossPakistan from 15...

Gingival overgrowth can be adverse reaction of calcium channel blockers. Although nifedipine is commonly associated with this process, some case reports have also implicated amlodipine as a possible etiology. Here we present a case of a 59-yearold Pakistani female who developed gingival hyperplasia secondary to amlodipine use. We believe that the k...

Objective: Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV, HCV) may cause potentially lethal liver infections. It is estimated that approximately 5 million people are affected by HBV while 10 million have HCV in Pakistan. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of dental students and dentists towards Hepatitis B and C infected patients in...

Unavailability of large training datasets is a bottleneck that needs to be overcome to realize the true potential of deep learning in histopathology applications. Although slide digitization via whole slide imaging scanners has increased the speed of data acquisition, labeling of virtual slides requires a substantial time investment from pathologis...

Unavailability of large training datasets is a bottleneck that needs to be overcome to realize the true potential of deep learning in histopathology applications. Although slide digitization via whole slide imaging scanners has increased the speed of data acquisition, labeling of virtual slides requires a substantial time investment from pathologis...

Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations and discolouration potential of various topical antibiotics that include triple antibiotic paste (TAP), Augmentin and Tetracycline against the pathogens that cause endodontic lesions in an ex-vivo study evaluation. Materials and Methods: M...

Objective: To determine the effect of bilateral oophorectomy on the periodontal status of otherwise healthy women when compared with normal controls. Study Design: Mixed-method study. Place and Duration of Study: Riphah International University, Islamabad, from Apr to Sep 2016. Methodology: A total of 24 women with and without oophorectomy proce...

OBJECTIVES: Orthopantomogram (OPG) is a dental radiograph that captures the maxillofacial region in a single image for quick assessment of the dental arches and their surrounding structures. It can be used for treatment planning and analysis of jaw-related pathologies. Prior studies have demonstrated geographical variations in radiographic anomalie...

Background and Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of dental caries through the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index of students belonging to the three different education systems of Pakistan in order to ascertain the baseline statistics for the Pakistani student population. Methods: A cross-sectional stud...

p> Background and Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of dental caries through the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index of students belonging to the three different education systems of Pakistan in order to ascertain the baseline statistics for the Pakistani student population. Methods: A cross-sectional...

Objective Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affects over 40% of diabetic patients. It presents as numbness, pain, or touch sensitivity. Its neuropathic origin and clinical presentation resembles that of burning mouth syndrome (BMS), however the association between the two processes in not well documented. This investigation aimed to explore the...

Objectives To investigate automated feature detection, segmentation, and quantification of common periapical findings in periapical radiographs (PAs) using deep learning (DL)-based computer vision techniques. Methods Caries, alveolar bone recession, and interradicular radiolucencies were labelled on 206 digital PAs by 3 specialist clinicians (2 or...

Observation: We present a case of a 21-year-old Pakistani female with hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), microdontia, and multiple gingival swellings overlying impacted teeth. The gingival swellings were diagnosed as AI-associated odontogenic fibroma (OF)-like lesions on histology. Commentary: AI is an inherited enamel defect that may presen...

OBJECTIVES: This study documented the response of erosive oral lichen planus to exclusive treatment with 0.1% topical tacrolimus over a 12-month period or until the patient became unresponsive to therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort design was used to acquire data on 12 patients with recalcitrant OLP that were prescribed 0.1% tacr...

Protozoal, invasive fungal and mycobacterial infections in the head and neck region are exceedingly rare in the developed world. However, in developing countries, endemic infections may involve the oral mucosa or facial skin. Here we present three unusual infections involving these sites. Case 1: A 48-year-old male presented with difficulty in swal...

Automated analysis of digitized pathology images in tele-health applications can have a transformative impact on under-served communities in the developing world. However, the vast majority of existing image analysis algorithms are trained on slide images acquired via expensive Whole-SlideImaging (WSI) scanners. High scanner cost is a key bottlenec...

In 2007, International Agency for Cancer Research presented compelling evidence that linked smokeless tobacco use to the development of human oral cancer. While these findings imply vigorous local carcinogen metabolism, little is known regarding levels and distribution of Phase I, II and drug egress enzymes in human oral mucosa. In the study presen...

Myxoid liposarcomas are malignant lipomatous tumors with a predilection for young adults. They are characterized by the presence of reciprocal translocation between the CHOP (DDIT3) gene on chromosome 12 and the FUS gene on chromosome 16, t(12;16)(q13;p11.2) in >95% of cases, or less commonly, a translocation between the DDIT3 and EWSR1 genes, t(12...

Alveolar osteitis is a common post extraction complication developing within 1-4 days following surgery.1-3 It is characterized by intense pain that is not relieved by analgesics.1 The most frequent site of occurrence is the mandibular third molar region. Females are known to show a higher incidence of occurrence.4 Studies indicate smoking, traumat...