The Success of Archery Training in the New Normal Era

Abstract

This study aims to test the success of archery training in the new normal era using Self Video in the field and online classes. Online classes focus on overlooking revisions of technicalities in the field. The method used in this study was an experiment with a total of 60 archery athletes. The design of this study is a one-group pretest-posttest design to determine the difference between the average results of the initial test and the final test results. The steps after the initial test were then given treatment, namely a mixed exercise strategy with a 40-meter archery test procedure. The blended training strategy is a combination of field and online exercises for 16 meetings, including 7 online meetings and 7 field meetings and 2 pre test and post test implementation meetings to facilitate access to classroom exercises, especially in adapting to new life arrangements during the pandemic. The 40-meter distance is one of the numbers that is always competed in the elimination round from the last 16 to the final of the national round of single archery or double Self Video. The findings of this study can be in the form of differences in the average archery training of athletes from the results of the comparison of the average pre-test (18.30 points) with the average post-test (22.53 points). The findings indicate a notable disparity in archery performance, especially when comparing the outcomes achieved at a 40-meter distance via field training vs. online strategy seminars using conventional strategies. Discover application-oriented research on video and revised action communication inside the field.

Full text

International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 12(1): 113-119, 2024 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/saj.2024.120114
The Success of Archery Training in the New Normal Era
Arisman1, Yusmawati1, Firmansyah Dlis1, Dede Dwiansyah Putra1, Ardo Okilanda2,*,
Alonzo L Mortejo3
1Department of Sport Education, Faculty Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia
2Department of Sport Coaching, Faculty Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia
3Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Instruction, Bataan Peninsula State University, Philippines
Received May 5, 2023; Revised December 14, 2023; Accepted January 8, 2024
Cite This Paper in the Following Citation Styles
(a): [1] Arisman, Yusmawati, Firmansyah Dlis, Dede Dwiansyah Putra, Ardo Okilanda, Alonzo L Mortejo , " The
Success of Archery Training in the New Normal Era," International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences,
Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 113-119, 2024. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2024.120114.
(b): Arisman, Yusmawati, Firmansyah Dlis, Dede Dwiansyah Putra, Ardo Okilanda, Alonzo L Mortejo (2024). The
Success of Archery Training in the New Normal Era. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences,
12(1), 113-119. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2024.120114.
Copyright©2024 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract This study aims to test the success of archery
training in the new normal era using Self Video in the field
and online classes. Online classes focus on overlooking
revisions of technicalities in the field. The method used in
this study was an experiment with a total of 60 archery
athletes. The design of this study is a one-group
pretest-posttest design to determine the difference between
the average results of the initial test and the final test results.
The steps after the initial test were then given treatment,
namely a mixed exercise strategy with a 40-meter archery
test procedure. The blended training strategy is a
combination of field and online exercises for 16 meetings,
including 7 online meetings and 7 field meetings and 2 pre
test and post test implementation meetings to facilitate
access to classroom exercises, especially in adapting to
new life arrangements during the pandemic. The 40-meter
distance is one of the numbers that is always competed in
the elimination round from the last 16 to the final of the
national round of single archery or double Self Video. The
findings of this study can be in the form of differences in
the average archery training of athletes from the results of
the comparison of the average pre-test (18.30 points) with
the average post-test (22.53 points). The findings indicate a
notable disparity in archery performance, especially when
comparing the outcomes achieved at a 40-meter distance
via field training vs. online strategy seminars using
conventional strategies. Discover application-oriented
research on video and revised action communication inside
the field.
Keywords 40 Meter Distance, Self Video, Training
Strategy, Adaptation
1. Introduction
In the new normal era faced after the pandemic,
technology has played an increasingly important role in
various aspects of our lives. One area where technology
has brought significant changes is in sports practice.
The development of technology [1] [2] in the field of
Coaching can be felt with the presence of various training
models for athletes, especially in pandemic conditions [3]
[4] now all training processes are carried out from home.
The pandemic requires that all training be shifted to the use
of technology as a new breakthrough step in the training
process that involves coaches and athletes or individuals
and groups in training.
Technological developments have also influenced the
world of sports. Global demands also require the world of
coaches to always adjust technological developments to
efforts to improve the quality of sports in the training
process [5] [6]. To achieve this goal, innovation in the field
of sports is needed. Recently, a cutting-edge breakthrough
in the field of workout regimens has been created with this
technology [7]. This technology is like the use of the
Blended Training method [2] [8].
Self Video is a combination of online and face-to-face
digital resource training strategies [6] [8]. In addition,
Self-Video also invites Self Video trainers to integrate
various elements of traditional face-to-face training with
the customization of online training [9] [10]. This is

114 The Success of Archery Training in the New Normal Era
especially important for the delivery of Self Video, because
the involvement Coaches and athletes are prerequisites for
training success [11] [12]. It also refers to reviews in mixed
exercise programs in various clubs achieving slightly better
results than athletes following traditional classroom
training programs [13]–[15]. To achieve Training, there
must be commitment and cooperation from various parties,
such as the coaching community, clubs, and governments,
to use the network so that training can be carried out
effectively. Self Video can be applied in the field of sports,
especially archery training due to the COVID-19 pandemic
[16].
Archery is a sport that requires focus, concentration, and
good technical skills. Previously, archery training was
usually done with the help of a coach or instructor who
provided instructions and feedback directly to the athlete.
However, with the COVID-19 pandemic and lifestyle
changes in the new normal era, independent training with
self video has become an interesting and effective solution.
Archery skills occur when the interaction of a bow and
arrow is directed at the target directly [17]. Bows and
arrows have a bond and have been perfected with modern
technology resulting in complex Self Video [13] [18]. As
for Implementation, the arrow is mounted on the string
then the bow is pulled then held in place. The bowstring is
pulled to the anchor point on the archer's face. After aiming,
the arrow is released. The hand maintains its posture after
releasing the arrow from the bowstring [19]. Each archery
practice typically involves shooting 3 to 6 arrows. The
score result consists of the highest points to the lowest
points on each target [20]–[22]. Archery also includes the
sport of Accuracy, which is the most important parameter
towards achievement. To achieve the desired accuracy, it is
necessary to do a lot of practice. Advances in science and
technology also facilitate improvements and advances in
engineering during training [23].
The success of archery practice with self video is one
example of how technology can be used to improve the
effectiveness and efficiency of exercise. One of the main
differences between self-paced archery training solutions
with self videos and traditional methods is the freedom and
flexibility afforded to athletes. In traditional archery
training, athletes must arrange their training schedule
according to the availability of a coach or instructor.
However, with self-video, athletes have complete control
over their own schedules. They can record their workouts
whenever they want, even in their own homes.
In addition, self-video also allows athletes to record each
of their workouts and look back at the footage for further
analysis. This provides an opportunity for athletes to
evaluate and improve their own technique without having
to rely on direct feedback from coaches. By looking back at
their training footage, athletes can identify errors or flaws
in their movements and make necessary adjustments.
In addition, with online platforms and applications
specifically for archery training, athletes can share
recordings of their workouts with coaches or instructors
over the internet. Trainers or instructors can watch the
recordings separately and provide live feedback via online
communication. This allows collaboration between
athletes and coaches, even if they are not in one place
physically.
Of course, there are some challenges that need to be
overcome in the use of self videos for archery practice. One
of them is the need to have the right equipment, such as
cameras or smart phones with good recording quality. In
addition, athletes also need to have technical knowledge
and skills to properly record their workouts.
However, with the continued and increasingly accessible
development of technology, these obstacles can be
overcome with relative ease. In addition, the benefits
derived from self-paced archery practice with self video
are invaluable, especially in times when access to an
instructor or trainer may be limited.
The self-video method has become a popular approach
in archery research because it provides ease and accuracy
in learning the movements and techniques of athletes. In
the context of archery research, self-video is used as a
treatment that allows researchers to record and analyze
archery movements from a variety of different points of
view. In this case, self-video becomes a very useful tool in
collecting data and gaining deeper insights into the athlete's
training and performance. The self-video method in
archery research involves the process of 1) Preparation, 2)
Recording. 3) Analysis. 4) Feedback.
The self-video method in archery research provides a
great advantage in accurately understanding the
movements and techniques of athletes. By carefully
recording and analyzing movements, researchers can
identify weaknesses or areas that need improvement in
athletes' workouts. In addition, self-videos also provide
strong visual evidence that can be used as a basis for
providing concrete and useful feedback to athletes.
In archery research, the self-video method can also be
used to compare and study variations in technique and
movement between different athletes. By recording
multiple athletes in action, researchers can analyze
differences in the technical approaches, firing styles, or
strategies used by each athlete.
In conclusion, archery practice with self video has
become an effective and efficient solution in the new
normal era. With the freedom and flexibility[24] afforded
to athletes, as well as the ability to record and analyze their
own workouts, athletes can achieve greater success in
developing their skills and techniques in archery. Although
technical and equipment challenges need to be overcome,
the benefits far outweigh those obstacles. Thus, the use of
self video in archery training has brought positive and
innovative changes in the world of sports.
Overall, the self-video method provides an accurate and
effective approach in studying the movements and
techniques of athletes. With careful recording and analysis,
researchers can provide appropriate feedback and assist

International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 12(1): 113-119, 2024 115
athletes in improving their skills and performance in
archery.
2. Materials and Methods
Participants
Sample participation in research is the involvement of
individuals in research with the aim of collecting relevant
and representative data of the population studied. In this
context, the study was related to the preparation of athletes
for the U-18 archery event, with a maximum age of 17
years, and involved a sample of 60 people. The sampling
technique uses Total Sampling because it based on the
objectives that have been set by the researcher [25] to
include relevant individual variations in the population of
U-18 athletes who will participate in archery events. The
participation of athletes as a research sample will involve
the implementation of tasks or data collection in
accordance with the objectives of the study. The
participation of athletes in this study is an important
contribution gaining a better understanding of the
preparation of U-18 athletes for archery events. Through
their participation, researchers can collect relevant data,
analyze it, and produce findings that can benefit the
development of exercise programs, preparation strategies,
and policies related to archery in that age group.
With the good participation of 60 athletes aged a
maximum of 17 years, the results of this study are expected
to make a valuable contribution in understanding the
influential factors in the preparation of U-18 athletes for
archery events, so as to support the development of
achievements and the arrangement of effective training
programs in archery in this age group.
Organization Study
This research uses an experimental method [19] [26].
Field experiments are experimental studies conducted in
the field based on the place of research. The design uses a
one-group pretest-posttest design. The data gathering
approach in the field involves executing a preliminary test
known as a 40-meter distance test, then continued with the
provision of Self Video as a form of treatment for 14
meetings and ended with a final test of 40 meters distance
as a form of comparison whether there was an effect or not
Statistical Analysis of This Study Using SPSS V26 Tool
The training method proposed in this study involves
experimental research conducted during 14 meetings from
February – April 2022 with the use of self-video in the
context of archery exercises. The purpose of this study was
to examine the effectiveness and benefits of using
self-video as a training tool in improving the skills and
performance of archery athletes.
Training using self-video is carried out in several stages
that are structured and planned. The following is a
description of the proposed training methodology,
including Preparation: The researcher or instructor
prepares an adequate training room with appropriate and
safe archery targets. In addition, necessary recording
equipment such as video cameras and tripods are set up to
record exercises. Initial Recording: At the initial meeting,
the athlete performs archery practice as usual with the use
of self-video. They record their own movements and
techniques with the help of instructors. This initial
recording aims to get a baseline or starting point of the
athlete's ability before starting training with self-video.
Analysis and Feedback: After the initial recording, the
video recording is analyzed by the researcher or instructor.
They identify weaknesses, technical errors, and areas that
need to be corrected in the athlete's movements. Based on
this analysis, in-depth and specific feedback is given to
athletes to help them improve their techniques and skills.
Self-Video Training: Next, athletes perform archery
exercises independently with the help of self-video. Each
training meeting, athletes record their own workouts using
self-video. They are given clear instructions and training
targets to follow. Athletes use self-video to record their
movements from different angles and points of view.
Advanced Analysis and Feedback: After each training
session, video recordings of athletes are reanalyzed by
researchers or instructors. They look for improvements,
progress, or changes in movement and provide detailed
feedback to athletes. This feedback serves as a guide to
improve their techniques and skills. Final Evaluation: After
14 self-video training meetings, a final evaluation was
conducted to measure the athlete's progress. The final
video footage was analyzed to compare improvements in
the athletes' technique and skills since the initial footage.
This evaluation helps identify the impact and effectiveness
of using self-video in archery training.
In this study, self-video in archery practice was used
continuously throughout the entire study period. Athletes
record their own workouts every time they train, which
means the use of self-video happens at every training
meeting. This allows for consistent and continuous data
collection for analysis and feedback. The use of self-video
in the study included the extent to which athletes'
movements and techniques were recorded and analyzed.
Athletes are recorded from various angles and viewpoints
to provide comprehensive information about their
movements. Video recordings are used to observe and
analyze body position, bowstring pull, angle of view, and
other technical elements related to archery. Using
self-video intensively and planned, this study aims to test
the effectiveness of this training method in improving the
skills and performance of archery athletes.
3. Results
Based on statistical results in the field, the results of the
data normality test were obtained as follows (Table 1):

116 The Success of Archery Training in the New Normal Era
Tab le 1. Tests of Normality
Distance Class N Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk
Statistics Df Sig. Statistics Df Sig.
Distance Yield
40 Meters
Pretest Experiment 30 ,095 30 ,200* ,972 30 ,596
Posttest Experiment ,107 30 ,200* ,956 30 ,249
Pretest Control 30 ,158 30 ,054 ,921 30 ,028
Posttest Control ,180 30 ,014 ,957 30 ,260
*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
Tab le 2. Paired Samples Test
Paired Differences
t Df Sig. (2-tailed)
Mean Std.
Deviation Std. Error
Mean
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
Pair 1 Pre-Post (Experiment)
-4.233 1.455 .266 -4.777 -3.690 -15.940 29 . 000
Pair 2 Pre-Post (Control) -.267 .944 .172 -.619 .086 -1.547 29 . 133
Table 3. Paired Samples Statistics
Mean (Points) N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Pair 1 Pre-test (Experiment) 18.30 30 2.628 .480
Post-test (Experiment) 22.53 30 2.849 .520
Pair 2 Pre-test (Control) 19.10 30 2.998 .547
Post-test (Control) 19.37 30 2.918 .533
Table 4. Test of Homogeneity of Variance
Levene Statistics df1 df2 Sig.
Distance Yield 40 Meters
Based on Mean ,114 1 58 ,737
Based on Median ,060 1 58 ,807
Based on Median and with adjusted df ,060 1 56,986 ,807
Based on trimmed mean ,112 1 58 ,739
Data is normal. Based on the results of the Shapiro-Wilk
normality test after being tested, the distribution of the
findings was normal. It was because the significance value
Sig > 0.05. Thus, because the data is normally distributed,
it is continued by using parametric statistics (Table 2):
Based on the output of Pair 1 obtained sig value.
(2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05, it can be concluded that there is a
difference in the average outcome of learning archery for
the pretest experimental class with the posttest experiment
Self Video. Then at the output of Pair 2 obtained sig value.
(2-tailed) of 0.133 > 0.05, it can be concluded that there is
no difference in the average shooting distance of 40 meters
for the Pre-test control class with Post-test control
(conventional). So, there is a significant influence of
pre-test and post-test Self Video on the success of archery
practice. To see more clearly the average learning
outcomes before and after the Self Video method, you can
see the following Self Video:
The table 3 above shows that the difference in the results
of the initial test and the final test from the group given the
original treatment (18.30 points) to (22.53 points)
significantly increased. When comparing the initial test
results (19.10 points) with the end test results (19.37 points)
of the original control group. The researchers conducted
the homogeneity test, which yielded the following results
(Table 4).
The results of the analysis in Table 4 show that the value
of significance (Sig) in Based on Mean (0.737)> 0.05 can
be concluded that the data of the experiment's post-test
class and control is homogeneous. Thus, one of the
requirements of the independent sample t-test has been
fulfilled.

International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 12(1): 113-119, 2024 117
Tab le 5. Independent Sample Test
Levene Test for
Variance Equality t-test for Equality of Means
F Ig. t Df Sig.
(2-tailed) Meaningful
Differences
Error
Difference
Std.
95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Lower Above
Field
Distance
40
Meters
The same
variance is
assumed 114 737 4,252 58 ,000 3,167 ,745 1,676 4,657
The same
variance is not
assumed ,252 57,967 ,000 3,167 ,745 1,676 4,657
Based on the independent sample t-test above, if the
significance value (2-tailed) 0.000 < 0.05 then Ho was
rejected and Ha was accepted (Table 5). That is, there is a
significant difference between the results of archery
distance of 40 meters that apply Self Video methods with
conventional style.
The statistical data analysis that has been carried out all
meets the requirements and it has also been known the
effect of the Self Video approach on archery training with
significant results and effective enough to be used as a
reference in training in universities, especially courses. The
movements of this sport are very simple and
uncomplicated [27] [28] and have three numbers namely
traditional, national, and international [29] as well as a lot
of interest by different ages [17] [22] [30].
4. Discussion
Archery training in the new normal era has achieved
unprecedented success in terms of training at a distance of
40 meters. This can be attributed to the adaptation of
blended training strategies [31], which include physical
and digital means such as Self-Video. This archery training
has experienced a surge in popularity due to the adaptation
of blended training strategies. This strategy allows archers
to practice at a distance of 40 meters, which was unheard of
before the pandemic. The success of this training method is
phenomenal and allows archers to stay safe and practice
their sport from home.
This article explores how archery coaches successfully
implement blended training strategies and adapt them to
their training environment to achieve success at a distance
of 40 meters. It will also discuss how Self Video has
become an integral part of archery training and why it is so
important for archers to master this skill in order to succeed
in their sport. Finally, this article will provide insight into
the challenges archers face due to the current situation, as
well as potential solutions to overcome those obstacles
[32].
Self Video in archery is a great way to improve your
skills and stay motivated. It combines the physical, mental,
and technical aspects of the sport to make it more fun and
efficient. Blended training can help archers develop the
right form and technique for accuracy, as well as improve
their endurance. This type of training also helps archers
stay focused on their goal of becoming better athletes.
Video-based archery training is becoming increasingly
popular among athletes and hobbyists. By combining the
latest technology with traditional training methods, archers
can now receive personalized instruction from the comfort
of their own homes. From choosing the right bow to
countless drills and activities, video-based archery training
helps athletes of all levels hone their skills and achieve
their goals. In addition, the improvement of video-based
archery techniques provides analysis and opportunities for
archers to improve their technique and performance. By
studying video footage, the archer can analyze his body
movements and make changes to optimize his shape. This
method of self-improvement offers an efficient way for
archers to hone their skills and become better archers in
less time. Using video tutorials, athletes can learn the
basics of archery and train in the comfort of their own
homes. However, the real test of an athlete's skills lies in
how well they can apply what they have learned in real-life
scenarios, which is why it is important for athletes to
practice on the field after mastering the techniques from
video tutorials.
Athletes must have the ability to apply their skills and
knowledge in real-world scenarios if they want to excel in
their chosen sport. To achieve this, athletes need to be able
to take what they have learned from training and apply it as
effectively as possible while competing. This is why proper
training and application of the skills learned in training are
essential for athletes to maximize their potential and
succeed on the field [31].
Recent research has shown the efficacy of self-video in
enhancing performance in 40-metre archery tournaments.
Researchers have established Self Video as an efficient
method for developing archery abilities. Self Video
combines physical and mental elements to create a
comprehensive approach to archery performance. By

118 The Success of Archery Training in the New Normal Era
combining different types of exercises such as strength,
endurance, and accuracy training, archers can see a
noticeable improvement in their ability to hit targets.
Studies have shown that Self Video can improve accuracy
and consistency and score better than competitors in
40-meter archery matches.
5. Conclusions
One of them can use the Self Video method. The
implementation of this mixed model is Self Video to
improve athletes' training ability in archery [33]. The use of
Self Video strategies turned out to have a good and
effective influence in archery training for athletes in a high
training environment. Hybrid training has supported the
advancement of science and technology without reducing
movement activities, because practical training in the field
is combined with digital technology. It is confirmed by the
results of the study [34] that participants considered Self
Video as the most effective method of approach due to its
flexibility in time and place. From the description of some
opinions above, it is clear that training in archery can be
supported by applying the Self Video method approach so
that training goals can be achieved and implemented
properly.
In conclusion, archery training with self video has
become an effective and efficient solution in the new
normal era after the pandemic hit some time ago. With the
freedom and flexibility afforded to athletes, as well as the
ability to record and analyze their own workouts, athletes
can achieve greater success in developing their skills and
techniques in archery. Although technical and equipment
challenges need to be overcome, the benefits far outweigh
those obstacles. Thus, the use of self video in archery
training has brought positive and innovative changes in the
world of sports.
Acknowledgments
We are very grateful to the experts for their proper and
constructive advice to improve this article.
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International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 12(1): 113-119, 2024 119
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