Updated checklist of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Mexico

Abstract

Based on historical and recent records, an updated list of 244 nominal species and three undescribed mosquitoes from Mexico is presented. Since 1990, 15 species have been recorded for the first time in Mexico: Aedes guatemala, Ae. brelandi, Ae. insolitus, Ae. melanimon, Ae. albopictus, Culex daumastocampa, Cx. metempsytus, Cx. erethyzonfer, Culiseta melanura, Limatus asulleptus, Sabethes gymnothorax, Trichoprosopon pallidiventer, Toxorhynchites moctezuma, Uranotaenia socialis, and Wyeomyia chalcocephala. Five species were discovered and described: Ae. amaterui, Ae. lewnielseni, Cx. diamphidius, Shannoniana huasteca, and Tr. mixtli. Three species were discovered without yet describing or naming them: Ae. (Protomacleaya) sp. 1, Ae. (Ochlerotatus) sp. 2, and Wyeomyia sp. 3. Five species had been removed from the Mexican mosquito fauna: Ae. stigmaticus, Cx. imitator, Onirion personatum, Sa. tarsopus, and Tx. theobaldi. With the intention of updating the checklist of the mosquito species in Mexico, historical and recent species records were reviewed, as well as the review of entomological collections, resulting in the confirmation of the presence in Mexico of Ae. thelcter, Cs. impatiens, and Orthopodomyia alba. Morphological and molecular evidence confirms the presence of Wy. jocosa, while Anopheles atropos, Psorophora confinnis, Cx. jenningsi, Mansonia indubitans, Tr. pallidiventer, and Tr. soaresi are removed from the Mexican mosquito fauna.

Full text

28 Journal of Vector Ecology June 2024
Updated checklist of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Mexico
Aldo I. Ortega-Morales1, Gisela A. León-Espinosa2, and Jorge J. Rodríguez-Rojas3*
1Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Unidad Laguna,
Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y carretera a Santa Fe, Torreón, Coahuila, México
2Servicios de Salud de Nuevo León, Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Pública, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
3Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud,
Unidad de Patógenos y Vectores, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México jorge.rodriguezr@uanl.mx
Received 2 August 2023; Accepted 6 September 2023
ABSTRACT: Based on historical and recent records, an updated list of 244 nominal species and three undescribed mosquitoes
from Mexico is presented. Since 1990, 15 species have been recorded for the rst time in Mexico: Aedes guatemala, Ae. brelandi,
Ae. insolitus, Ae. melanimon, Ae. albopictus, Culex daumastocampa, Cx. metempsytus, Cx. erethyzonfer, Culiseta melanura,
Limatus asulleptus, Sabethes gymnothorax, Trichoprosopon pallidiventer, Toxorhynchites moctezuma, Uranotaenia socialis, and
Wyeomyia chalcocephala. Five species were discovered and described: Ae. amaterui, Ae. lewnielseni, Cx. diamphidius, Shannoniana
huasteca, and Tr. mixtli. ree species were discovered without yet describing or naming them: Ae. (Protomacleaya) sp. 1, Ae.
(Ochlerotatus) sp. 2, and Wyeomyia sp. 3. Five species had been removed from the Mexican mosquito fauna: Ae. stigmaticus, Cx.
imitator, Onirion personatum, S a. tarsopus, and Tx. theobaldi. With the intention of updating the checklist of the mosquito species
in Mexico, historical and recent species records were reviewed, as well as the review of entomological collections, resulting in the
conrmation of the presence in Mexico of Ae. thelcter, Cs. impatiens, and Orthopodomyia alba. Morphological and molecular
evidence conrms the presence of Wy. jocosa, while Anopheles atropos, Psorophora connnis, Cx. jenningsi, Mansonia indubitans,
Tr. pallidiventer, and Tr. s oare s i are removed from the Mexican mosquito fauna. Journal of Vector Ecology 49 (1): 28-43. 2024.
Keyword Index: Anophelinae, Culicinae, endemic species, invasive species.
INTRODUCTION
Mexico is one of the most diverse countries in the world,
ranking 13th of the countries with the highest biodiversity
on Earth (Llorente-Bousquets and Ocegueda 2008). e
biodiversity of arthropods includes over 47,800 species
of insects, of which approximately 8,500 belong to the
order Diptera (Ibáñez-Bernal 2017). Mexico is 14th place
among the countries with the largest number of mosquito
species (Duarte-Andrade et al. 2019). In previous catalogs
of Mexican mosquito species, Darsie (1996) reported 225
species, while Ibáñez-Bernal (2017) reported 243. With 244
nominal species and three undescribed species of mosquitoes
recorded (Mejía-Zúñiga et al. 2022, Rivera-García et al. 2023,
Ortega-Morales et al. 2023), Mexico is among the countries
with the greatest richness of mosquito species in the world.
Mexico is divided into 32 political states (Figure 1), ten of
which have been previously sampled to update their mosquito
fauna. Since 2006, systematic studies of mosquito distribution
and taxonomy have been conducted at the state level (Table
1). Additionally, partial studies of mosquito taxonomy have
been conducted in ten other states (Table 2). Although some
Mexican educational, research, and operational institutions
currently conduct studies to update the checklist of mosquito
species in some states and major physiographical regions,
studies of taxonomy and distribution of mosquitoes have not
been conducted in most Mexican states, and many sylvan
and conserved regions remain unexplored in mosquito
collections. Consequently, a complete checklist of Mexican
mosquito species has yet to be completed.
Since the discovery of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes
albopictus (Skuse) in Mexico (Francy et al. 1990), ve nominal
and three undescribed new species, and 14 new national
records were discovered and added to the Mexican mosquito
fauna:
• Culex diamphidius Peyton and Harbach was
discovered in Veracruz and Oaxaca by Peyton and
Harbach (1991).
• Sabethes gymnothorax Harbach and Petersen
was separated from Sa. tarsopus Dyar and Knab
from specimens collected in Panama, adding Sa.
gymnothorax to the list of Mexican species (Harbach
and Petersen 1992) and removing Sa. tarsopus from
the Mexican mosquito fauna.
• Culiseta melanura (Coquillett) was recorded in Nuevo
León by Ortega-Morales et al. (2009).
• Toxorhynchites moctezuma (Dyar and Knab) was
resurrected from synonymy with Tx. theobaldi (Dyar
and Knab), adding Tx. moctezuma to the list of
Mexican species and removing Tx. theobaldi from the
Mexican mosquito fauna (Zavortink and Chaverri
2009).
• Uranotaenia socialis eobald was recorded in
Quintana Roo by Ortega-Morales et al. (2010).
• Aedes brelandi Zavortink was recorded in Nuevo
León, Tamaulipas and Querétaro by Sánchez-
Trinidad et al. (2013).
• Ae. (Protomacleaya) undescribed species 1 was

Vol. 49, no. 1 Journal of Vector Ecology 29
discovered in Tamaulipas by Ortega-Morales et al.
(2015).
• Cx. daumastocampa Dyar and Knab was recorded in
Chiapas by Ortega-Morales et al. (2018a).
• Aedes (Ochlerotatus) undescribed species 2 was
discovered in Quintana Roo by Chan-Cablé et al.
(2019).
• Ae. amaterui Ortega and Zavortink, Ae. lewnielseni
Ortega and Zavortink, and Wyeomyia undescribed
species 3 were discovered in Nuevo León by Ortega-
Morales et al. (2019c).
• Cx. metempsytus Dyar was recorded in Tabasco by
Ortega-Morales et al. (2019a).
• Ae. guatemala Berlin, Ae. insolitus (Coquillett),
Limatus asulleptus (eobald), and Trichoprosopon
pallidiventer (Lutz) were recorded in Chiapas by
Hernández-Triana et al. (2021).
• Cx. erethyzonfer Galindo and Blanton and Wy.
chalcocephala Dyar and Knab were recorded in
Chiapas by Viveros-Santos et al. (2022).
• Ae. melanimon Dyar was recorded in Chihuahua by
Mejía-Zúñiga et al. (2022).
• Tr. mixtli Rivera-García, Méndez-Andrade and
Ibáñez-Bernal was discovered in Veracruz by Rivera-
García et al. (2023) removing Tr. soar esi from the
Mexican mosquito fauna.
• Shannoniana huasteca Ortega was discovered in
Querétaro by Ortega-Morales et al. (2023).
Additionally, three nominal species were removed
from Mexican mosquito fauna: Cx. imitator eobald
(Ortega-Morales et al. 2018a), Onirion personatum (Lutz)
(Ortega-Morales et al. 2019a), and Ae. stigmaticus Edwards
(Rodríguez-Martínez et al. 2020).
A total of 244 nominal species and three undescribed
species had been recorded in Mexico, belonging to two
subfamilies (Anophleinae and Culicinae). e subfamily
Anophelinae includes two genera: Anopheles [Anopheles (21),
Kerteszia (one), Nyssorhynchus (four)] and Chagasia (one).
e subfamily Culicinae includes nine tribes (Aedeomyiini,
Aedini, Culicini, Culisetini, Mansoniini, Orthopodomyiini,
Sabethini, Toxorhynchitini, and Uranotaeniini). e tribe
Aedeomyiini is monotypic with a single genus and species; the
tribe Aedeini is divided into three genera: Aedes [Aedimorphus
(one), Aztecaedes (one), Georgecraigius (two), Howardina
(seven), Jarnellius (two), Kompia (one), Lewnielsenius (one),
Ochlerotatus (27 and one undescibed), Protomacleaya (22
and one undescribed), and Stegomyia (two)], Haemagogus
[Haemagogus (four)], and Psorophora [Grabhamia (seven),
Janthinosoma (10), and Psorophora (ve)]; the tribe Culicini
is divided into three genera: Culex [Anoedioporpa (two),
Carrollia (two), Culex (21), Melanoconion (25), Micraedes
(four), Microculex (two), Neoculex (four), Phenacomyia (two),
and one species within uncertain subgenus], Deinocerites
(six), and Lutzia [Lutzia (two)]; the tribe Culisetini includes
one single genus: Culiseta [Climacura (one) and Culiseta
(four)]; the tribe Mansoniini is divided into two genera:
Coquillettidia [Coquillettidia (one) and Rhynchotaenia (two)],
and Mansonia [Mansonia (two)]; the tribe Orthopodomyiini
includes one single genus: Orthopodomyia (three); the tribe
Sabethini is divided into six genera: Johnbelkinia (one),
Limatus (two), Sabethes [Sabethes (three) and Sabethoides
(one)], Shannoniana (four), Trichoprosopon (two), and
Wyeomyia [Decamyia (one), Dendromyia (one), Triamyia
(one), Wyeomyia (10 and one undescribed species), and one
species within uncertain subgenus]; the tribe Toxorhynchitini
includes one single genus, Toxorhynchites [Lynchiella (three)];
and the tribe Uranotaeniini includes one single genus,
Uranotaenia [Pseudocalbia (one) and Uranotaenia (nine)].
Mosquito names were searched in the published
literature using online databases and crossing-checking
the bibliography of Vargas (1956), Díaz-Nájera and Vargas
1973, and Darsie (1996). e nomenclatural classication of
Culicidae proposed by Wilkerson et al. (2015) is used in this
study.
Figure 1. Map of Mexico showing
the political division of its 32
states.

30 Journal of Vector Ecology June 2024
No. State Number of
species References
1Tlaxcala 26 Muñoz-Cabrera et al. 2006
2 Mexico City 28 Dampf 1943, Dávalos-Becerril et al. 2019
3 Querétaro 50 Ortega-Morales et al. 2023
4 Mexico State 51 Adeniran et al. 2021
5 Hidalgo 57 Ortega-Morales et al. 2019b, Ortega-Morales et al. 2019c
6 Nuevo León 68 (67) Ortega-Morales et al. 2019d, Villegas-Ramírez et al. 2021, Ortega-
Morales et al. 2022a
7Tamaulipas 80 (82) Ortega-Morales et al. 2015
8 Quintana Roo 85 (88)
Ortega-Morales et al. 2010, Ordóñez-Sánchez et al. 2013, Chan-Chablé
et al. 2016, Ortega-Morales et al. 2018a, Chan-Chablé et al. 2019, Chan-
Chablé et al. 2020, Canto-Mis et al. 2021, Canto-Mis et al. 2022
9Tabasc o 105 (107) Torres-Chablé et al. 2017, Ortega-Morales et al. 2019a, Rodríguez-
Martínez et al. 2020, Ortega-Morales et al. 2022b
10 Veracruz 139 (141) Ibáñez-Bernal et al. 2011, Méndez-Andrade et al. 2019, Rivera-García et
al. 2023
Table 1. Mexican states with systematic studies of mosquito distribution. Number of species in parentheses prior
to this study.
No. State References
1Campeche Ríos-López et al. 2008, Ordóñez-Sánchez et al. 2013, Hernández-Rodríguez et
al. 2018, Hernández-Rodríguez et al. 2020, Abella-Medrano et al. 2020.
2Coahuila Aguirre-Uribe et al. 2008.
3 Colima Espinoza-Gómez et al. 2013.
4Chiapas Deardor et al. 2011, Casas-Martínez et al. 2012, Hernández-Triana et al.
2021, Viveros-Santos et al. 2022.
5Durango
Ávila-Rodríguez et al. 2013, Hernández-Amparan et al. 2017, Pérez-Santiago
et al. 2018, Duarte-Andrade et al. 2019, Hernández-Amparan et al. 2020,
Vázquez-Marroquín et al. 2020.
6 Guerrero Ortega-Morales et al. 2013, Dzul-Manzanilla et al. 2013, González-Acosta et
al. 2019.
7 Morelos Villegas-Trejo et al. 2010, Hernández-Guevara et al. 2020.
8 Puebla Gilbert-Beltri et al. 2013, Viveros-Santos et al. 2015, Viveros-Santos and
Sandoval-Ruíz 2018, Barrientos-Roldán et al. 2021.
9 Jalisco Galavíz-Parada et al. 2020.
10 Yucat á n
Nájera-Vázquez et al. 2004, Zapata-Peniche et al. 2007, Baak-Baak et al. 2016,
Cauich-Kumul et al. 2018, Navarrete-Carballo et al. 2020, Navarrete-Carballo
et al. 2021, Tzuc-Dzul et al. 2023, García-Rejón et al. 2023.
Table 2. Mexican states with partial studies of mosquito distribution.

Vol. 49, no. 1 Journal of Vector Ecology 31
CHECKLIST
Family CULICIDAE Meigen, 1818
Subfamily ANOPHELINAE Grassi, 1900
Genus Anopheles Meigen, 1818
Subgenus Anopheles Meigen, 1818
1. An. apicimacula Dyar and Knab, 1906
2. An. aztecus Hoffmann, 1935
3. An. bradleyi King, 1939
4. An. crucians Wiedemann, 1828
5. An. eiseni Coquillett, 1902
6. An. fausti Vargas, 1943
7. An. franciscanus McCracken, 1904
8. An. freeborni Aitken, 1939
9. An. gabaldoni Vargas, 1941
10. An. hectoris Giaquinto-Mira, 1931
11. An. judithae Zavortink, 1969
12. An. neomaculipalpus Curry, 1931
13. An. parapunctipennis Martini, 1932
14. An. pseudopunctipennis Theobald, 1901
15. An. punctimacula Dyar and Knab, 1906
16. An. punctipennis (Say, 1823)
17. An. quadrimaculatus Say, 1824
18. An. veruslanei Vargas, 1979
19. An. vestitipennis Dyar and Knab, 1906
20. An. walkeri Theobald, 1901
21. An. xelajuensis de León, 1938
Subgenus Kerteszia Theobald, 1905
22. An. neivai Howard, Dyar and Knab, 1913
Subgenus Nyssorhynchus Blanchard, 1902
23. An. albimanus Wiedemann, 1821
24. An. argyritarsis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827
25. An. darlingi Root, 1926
26. An. strodei Root, 1926
Genus Chagasia Cruz, 1906
27. Ch. bathana (Dyar, 1928)
Subfamily CULICINAE Meigen, 1818
Tribe AEDEOMYIINI eobald, 1901
Genus Aedeomyia Theobald, 1901
Subgenus Aedeomyia Theobald, 1901
28. Ad. squamipennis (Lynch Arribálzaga, 1878)
Tribe AEDINI Neveu-Lemaire, 1902
Genus Aedes Meigen, 1818
Subgenus Aedimorphus Theobald, 1903
29. Ae. vexans (Meigen, 1830)
Subgenus Aztecaedes Zavortink, 1972
30. Ae. ramirezi Vargas and Downs, 1950
Subgenus Georgecraigius Reinert, Harbach and Kitching,
2006
31. Ae. epactius Dyar and Knab, 1908
32. Ae. uviatilis (Lutz, 1904)
Subgenus Howardina Theobald, 1903
33. Ae. allotecnon Kumm, Komp and Ruiz, 1940
34. Ae. cozumelensis Díaz-Nájera, 1966
35. Ae. guatemala Berlin, 1969
36. Ae. guerrero Berlin, 1969
37. Ae. lorraineae Berlin, 1969
38. Ae. quadrivittatus (Coquillett, 1902)
39. Ae. sexlineatus (Theobald, 1901)
Subgenus Jarnellius Reinert, Harbach and Kitching, 2006
40. Ae. laguna Arnell and Nielsen, 1972
41. Ae. monticola Belkin and McDonald, 1957
Subgenus Kompia Aitken, 1941
42. Ae. purpureipes Aitken, 1941
Subgenus Lewnielsenius Reinert, Harbach and Kitching,
2006
43. Ae. muelleri Dyar, 1920
Subgenus Ochlerotatus Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891
44. Ae. amateuri Ortega and Zavortink, 2019
45. Ae. angustivittatus Dyar and Knab, 1907
46. Ae. atactavittatus Arnell, 1976
47. Ae. bimaculatus (Coquillett, 1902)
48. Ae. campestris Dyar and Knab, 1907
49. Ae. canadensis (Theobald, 1901)
50. Ae. condolescens Dyar and Knab, 1907
51. Ae. dorsalis (Meigen, 1830)
52. Ae. dupreei (Coquillett, 1904)
53. Ae. euplocamus Dyar and Knab, 1906
54. Ae. fulvus (Wiedemann, 1828)
55. Ae. hastatus Dyar, 1922
56. Ae. inrmatus Dyar and Knab, 1906
57. Ae. melanimon Dyar, 1924
58. Ae. mitchellae (Dyar, 1922)
59. Ae. nigromaculis (Ludlow, 1906)
60. Ae. scapularis (Rondani, 1848)
61. Ae. serratus (Theobald, 1901)
62. Ae. shannoni Vargas and Downs, 1950
63. Ae. sollicitans (Walker, 1856)
64. Ae. spencerii (Theobald, 1901)
65. Ae. squamiger (Coquillett, 1902)
66. Ae. taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann, 1821)
67. Ae. thelcter Dyar, 1918
68. Ae. tormentor Dyar and Knab, 1906
69. Ae. tortilis (Theobald, 1903)
70. Ae. trivittatus (Coquillett, 1902)
71. Ae. undescribed species 2
Subgenus Protomacleaya Theobald, 1907
72. Ae. amabilis Schick, 1970
73. Ae. brelandi Zavortink, 1972
74. Ae. burgeri Zavortink, 1972
75. Ae. chionotum Zavortink, 1972
76. Ae. diazi Schick, 1970
77. Ae. gabriel Schick, 1970
78. Ae. homeopus Dyar, 1922
79. Ae. idanus Schick, 1970

32 Journal of Vector Ecology June 2024
80. Ae. insolitus (Coquillett, 1906)
81. Ae. knabi (Coquillett, 1906)
82. Ae. kompi Vargas and Downs, 1950
83. Ae. lewnielseni Ortega and Zavortink, 2019
84. Ae. niveoscutum Zavortink, 1972
85. Ae. podographicus Dyar and Knab, 1906
86. Ae. sandrae Zavortink, 1972
87. Ae. schicki Zavortink, 1972
88. Ae. schroederi Schick, 1970
89. Ae. sumidero Schick, 1970
90. Ae. tehuantepec Schick, 1970
91. Ae. triseriatus (Say, 1823)
92. Ae. vargasi Schick, 1970
93. Ae. zoosophus Dyar and Knab, 1918
94. Ae. undescribed species 1
Subgenus Stegomyia Theobald, 1901
95. Ae. aegypti (Linneaus, 1762)
96. Ae. albopictus (Skuse, 1895)
Genus Haemagogus Williston, 1896
Subgenus Haemagogus Williston, 1896
97. Hg. anastasionis Dyar, 1921
98. Hg. equinus Theobald, 1903
99. Hg. mesodentatus Komp and Kumm, 1938
100. Hg. regalis Dyar and Knab, 1906
Genus Psorophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827
Subgenus Grabhamia Theobald, 1903
101. Ps. cingulata (Fabricius, 1805)
102. Ps. discolor (Coquillett, 1903)
103. Ps. innis (Dyar and Knab, 1906)
104. Ps. insularius (Dyar and Knab, 1906)
105. Ps. pygmea (Theobald, 1903)
106. Ps. signipennis (Coquillett, 1904)
107. Ps. tolteca (Dyar and Knab, 1906)
Subgenus Janthinosoma Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891
108. Ps. albipes (Theobald, 1907)
109. Ps. champerico (Dyar and Knab, 1906)
110. Ps. cyanescens (Coquillett, 1902)
111. Ps. ferox (von Humboldt, 1819)
112. Ps. longipalpus Randolph and O’Niell, 1944
113. Ps. lutzii (Theobald, 1901)
114. Ps. mathesoni Belkin and Heinemann, 1975
115. Ps. mexicana (Bellardi, 1859)
116. Ps. totonaci Lassman, 1951
117. Ps. varipes (Coquillett, 1904)
Subgenus Psorophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827
118. Ps. ciliata (Fabricius, 1794)
119. Ps. cilipes (Fabricius, 1805)
120. Ps. howardii Coquillett, 1901
121. Ps. lineata (von Humboldt, 1819)
122. Ps. stonei Vargas, 1956
Tribe CULICINI Meigen, 1818
Genus Culex Linneaus, 1758
Subgenus Anoedioporpa Dyar, 1923
123. Cx. conservator Dyar and Knab, 1906
124. Cx. restrictor Dyar and Knab, 1906
Subgenus Carrollia Lutz, 1905
125. Cx. bihaicolus Dyar and Núñez-Tovar, 1928
126. Cx. metempsytus Dyar, 1921
Subgenus Culex Linneaus, 1758
127. Cx. bahamensis Dyar and Knab, 1906
128. Cx. bidens Dyar, 1922
129. Cx. chidesteri Dyar, 1921
130. Cx. coronator Dyar and Knab, 1906
131. Cx. declarator Dyar and Knab, 1906
132. Cx. erythrothorax Dyar, 1907
133. Cx. inictus Theobald, 1901
134. Cx. interrogator Dyar and Knab, 1906
135. Cx. mollis Dyar and Knab, 1906
136. Cx. nigripalpus Theobald, 1901
137. Cx. ousqua Dyar, 1918
138. Cx. pinarocampa Dyar and Knab, 1908
139. Cx. pseudostigmatosoma Strickman, 1990
140. Cx. quinquefasciatus Say, 1823
141. Cx. restuans Theobald, 1901
142. Cx. salinarius Coquillett, 1904
143. Cx. stenolepis Dyar and Knab, 1908
144. Cx. stigmatosoma Dyar, 1907
145. Cx. tarsalis Coquillett, 1896
146. Cx. thriambus Dyar, 1921
147. Cx. usquatus Dyar, 1922
Subgenus Melanoconion Theobald, 1903
148. Cx. anips Dyar, 1916
149. Cx. bastagarius Dyar and Knab, 1906
150. Cx. conspirator Dyar and Knab, 1906
151. Cx. crybda Dyar, 1924
152. Cx. diamphidius Peyton and Harbach, 1991
153. Cx. dunni Dyar, 1918
154. Cx. eastor Dyar, 1920
155. Cx. educator Dyar and Knab, 1906
156. Cx. elevator Dyar and Knab, 1906
157. Cx. erraticus (Dyar and Knab, 1906)
158. Cx. abellifer Komp, 1936
159. Cx. inhibitator Dyar and Knab, 1906
160. Cx. iolambdis Dyar, 1918
161. Cx. limacifer Komp, 1936
162. Cx. mutator Dyar and Knab, 1906
163. Cx. panocossa Dyar, 1923
164. Cx. peccator Dyar and Knab, 1909
165. Cx. pedroi Sirivanakarn and Belkin, 1980
166. Cx. pilosus (Dyar and Knab, 1906)
167. Cx. rooti Rozeboom, 1935
168. Cx. sardinerae Fox, 1953
169. Cx. spissipes (Theobald, 1903)
170. Cx. taeniopus Dyar and Knab, 1907
171. Cx. theobaldi (Lutz, 1904)
172. Cx. tridus Dyar, 1921

Vol. 49, no. 1 Journal of Vector Ecology 33
Subgenus Micraedes Coquillett, 1906
173. Cx. erethyzonfer Galindo and Blanton, 1954
174. Cx. jalisco Berlin, 1974
175. Cx. sandrae Berlin, 1969
176. Cx. schicki Berlin, 1969
Subgenus Microculex Theobald, 1907
177. Cx. daumastocampa Dyar and Knab, 1908
178. Cx. rejector Dyar and Knab, 1906
Subgenus Neocluex Dyar, 1905
179. Cx. apicalis Adams, 1903
180. Cx. arizonensis Bohart, 1949
181. Cx. derivator Dyar and Knab, 1906
182. Cx. reevesi Wirth, 1948
Subgenus Phenacomyia Harbach and Peyton, 1992
183. Cx. corniger Theobald, 1903
184. Cx. lactator Dyar and Knab, 1906
Subgenus Nomen dubium
185. Cx. gravitator Dyar and Knab, 1906
Genus Deinocerites Theobald, 1901
186. De. belkini Adames, 1971
187. De. cancer Theobald, 1901
188. De. howardi Belkin and Hogue, 1959
189. De. mathesoni Belkin and Hogue, 1959
190. De. mcdonaldi Belkin and Hogue, 1959
191. De. pseudes Dyar and Knab, 1909
Genus Lutzia Theobald, 1903
Subgenus Lutzia Theobald, 1903
192. Lt. allostigma Howard, Dyar and Knab, 1915
193. Lt. bigoti (Bellardi, 1862)
Tribe CULISETINI Belkin, 1962
Genus Culiseta Felt, 1904
Subgenus Climacura Howard, Dyar and Knab, 1915
194. Cs. melanura (Coquillett, 1902)
Subgenus Culiseta Felt, 1904
195. Cs. impatiens (Walker, 1848)
196. Cs. incidens (Thomson, 1869)
197. Cs. inornata (Williston, 1893)
198. Cs. particeps (Adams, 1903)
Tribe MANSONIINI Belkin, 1962
Genus Coquillettidia Dyar, 1905
Subgenus Coquillettidia Dyar, 1905
199. Cq. perturbans (Walker, 1856)
Subgenus Rhynchotaenia Brèthes, 1910
200. Cq. nigricans (Coquillett, 1904)
201. Cq. venezuelensis (Theobald, 1912)
Genus Mansonia Blanchard, 1901
Subgenus Mansonia Blancard, 1901
202. Ma. dyari Belkin, Heinemann and Page, 1970
203. Ma. titillans (Walker, 1848)
Tribe ORTHOPODOMYIINI Belkin, Heinemann and
Page, 1970
Genus Orthopodomyia Theobald, 1904
204. Or. alba Baker, 1936
205. Or. kummi Edwards, 1939
206. Or. signifera (Coquillett, 1896)
Tribe SABETHINI Blanchard, 1905
Genus Johnbelkinia Zavortink, 1979
207. Jb. ulopus (Dyar and Knab, 1906)
Genus Limatus Theobald, 1901
208. Li. asulleptus (Theobald, 1903)
209. Li. durhamii Theobald, 1901
Genus Sabethes Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827
Subgenus Sabethes Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827
210. Sa. cyaneus (Fabricius, 1805)
211. Sa. gymnothorax Harbach and Petersen, 1992
212. Sa. ortizi Vargas and Díaz-Nájera, 1961
Subgenus Sabethoides Theobald, 1903
213. Sa. chloropterus (von Humboldt, 1819)
Genus Shannonioana Lane and Cerqueira, 1942
214. Sh. uviatilis (Theobald, 1903)
215. Sh. huasteca Ortega, 2023
216. Sh. moralesi (Dyar and Knab, 1919)
217. Sh. schedocyclia (Dyar and Knab, 1908)
Genus Trichiprosopon Theobald, 1901
218. Tr. digitatum (Rondani, 1848)
219. Tr. mixtli Rivera-García, Méndez-Andrade and
Ibáñez-Bernal, 2023
Genus Wyeomyia Theobald, 1901
Subgenus Decamyia Dyar, 1919
220. Wy. pseudopecten Dyar and Knab, 1906
Subgenus Dendromyia Theobald, 1903
221. Wy. jocosa (Dyar and Knab, 1908)
Subgenus Triamyia Dyar, 1919
222. Wy. aporonoma Dyar and Knab, 1906
Subgenus Wyeomyia Theobald, 1901
223. Wy. abebela Dyar and Knab, 1908
224. Wy. adelpha Dyar and Knab, 1906
225. Wy. arthrostigma (Lutz, 1905)
226. Wy. celaenocephala Dyar and Knab, 1906
227. Wy. guatemala Dyar and Knab, 1906
228. Wy. melanopus Dyar, 1919
229. Wy. mitchellii (Theobald, 1905)
230. Wy. nigritubus Galindo, Carpenter and Trapido,
1951
231. Wy. pertinans (Williston, 1896)
232. Wy. stonei Vargas and Martínez-Palacios, 1953
233. Wy. undescribed species 3

34 Journal of Vector Ecology June 2024
Subgenus Nomen dubium
234. Wy. chalcocephala Dyar and Knab, 1906
Tribe TOXORHYNCHITINI Lahille, 1904
Genus Toxorhynchites Theobald, 1901
Subgenus Lynchiella Lahille, 1904
235. Tx. grandiosus (Williston, 1900)
236. Tx. haemorrhoidalis (Fabricius, 1787)
237. Tx. moctezuma (Dyar and Knab, 1906)
Tribe URANOTAENIINI Lahille, 1904
Genus Uranotaenia Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891
Subgenus Pseudocalbia Theobald, 1912
238. Ur. anhydor Dyar, 1907
Subgenus Uranotaenia Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891
239. Ur. apicalis Theobald, 1903
240. Ur. coatzacoalcos Dyar and Knab, 1906
241. Ur. geometrica Theobald, 1901
242. Ur. leucoptera (Theobald, 1907)
243. Ur. lowii Theobald, 1901
244. Ur. nataliae Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891
245. Ur. pulcherrima Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891
246. Ur. sapphirina (Osten Sacken, 1868)
247. Ur. socialis Theobald, 1901
DISCUSSION
In the catalog of the Mosquitoes of the World (vol. 2)
(Wilkerson et al. 2021), some species that had previously
been reported in Mexico were removed from the Mexican
mosquito fauna, although some of these species do occur in
Mexico. ose species are Aedes thelcter, Culiseta impatiens,
and Orthopodomyia alba. Additionally, Anopheles atropos
Dyar and Knab, Psorophora connnis (Lynch Arribálzaga),
Culex jenningsi Dyar and Knab and Mansonia indubitans
Dyar and Shannon, were included in this catalog, but there is
no evience for the occurrence of those species in Mexico. e
reasons for adding or removing these species are explained
bel ow.
Aedes thelcter was originally described by Dyar (1918)
from a single adult female collected in Brownsville, TX. is
species has been additionally found in some southern states of
the U.S.A. bordering with Mexico. Although recent mosquito
collections carried out in some northeastern states of Mexico
have not reported the presence of Ae. thelcter, this species has
been previously reported in the states of Chihuahua, Sinaloa,
and Tamaulipas (Martini 1935, Vargas 1956, Díaz-Nájera and
Vargas 1973, Ortega-Morales et al. 2015). Based on historical
records, Ae. thelcter is included in the list of Mexican mosquito
species.
Culiseta impatiens was originally described by Walker
(1848) from specimens collected in Ontario, Canada.
Currently, this species occurs in several states of the northern
U.S.A., including Alaska and most provinces of Canada. In
Mexico, Cs. impatiens was originally recorded in the state of
Chiapas by Vargas (1956), but this record is doubtful, since
this species is distributed in the Neartic region, reaching
its southernmost distributional rank in northern Mexico.
Additional records of Cs. impatiens in Mexico were provided
by Díaz-Nájera and Vargas (1973), who reported this species
in the states of Coahuila and Sonora. Specimens from those
records were deposited in the Collection of Arthropods
of Medical Importance (CAIM=ISET) of the Institute of
Epidemiological Diagnoses and Reference in Mexico City, and
those records were reviewed for verifying the identity of Cs.
impatiens. Four microscope slides were found (one slide from
Coahuila and three slides from Sonora with a single 4th instar
larvae each) and re-identied using the Darsie and Ward (2005)
keys. e microscope slide from Coahuila labeled with the
collection site “Allende, Coahuila” was in very poor condition
and the larvae has missing structures. However, diagnostic
structures were preserved and the specimen was re-identied
as another species of Culiseta. e slides from Sonora were all
labeled with the collection site “Hermosillo, Sonora” and one
of them was completely damaged and imposible to identify.
e rest were in good condition, and they were re-identied
as Cs. impatiens. In the catalog of mosquito fauna of Mexico
by Darsie (1996), six species previously reported in Mexico
were removed, including Cs. impatiens, and since then this
taxon was considered absent in the country. On November
25, 2020, and January and March, 2021, adult females of Cs.
impatiens, were collected by one of the authors (J.J.R.R.) using
Shannon trap baited with humans displayed at 18:00–21:00 in
the mountain “Cerro de la Silla”, municipality of Guadalupe,
Nuevo León (25°37’49.8”N-100°12’27.7”W). Additionally,
on April 17, 2022, while one of the authors (G.A.L.E.) was
collecting mosquitoes in suburban areas in the state of Nuevo
León, immature stages were collected from a permanent
pond with abundant leaves at the bottom and partial shade
in the location “Cerro Agujereado,” a municipality of Juárez,
(25°31’41.9”N-100°09’46.5”W). Specimens were transported
to the Laboratory of Public Health, Monterrey, Nuevo León
and two larvae of Cs. impatiens were identied. All specimens
were identied using the keys of Darsie and Ward (2005).
Based on corroborated historical records and the recent
collection in Nuevo León, the presence of Cs. impatiens is
conrmed for Mexico.
Orthopodomyia alba was originally described by Baker
(1936) from specimens collected in Ithaca, NY. Currently, this
species occurs in the eastern U.S.A. and southeastern Canada.
is species has been previously reported in the Mexican
states of Coahuila and Nuevo León (Díaz-Nájera and Vargas
1973, Ibáñez-Bernal and Martínez-Campos 1994), and based
on historical records, Or. al ba is included in the list of Mexican
mosquito species.
Anopheles atropos was originally described by Dyar and
Knab (1906a) from specimens collected in the Florida Keys,
U.S.A. is species occurs in the Cayman Islands, Cuba,
Jamaica, and the U.S.A. In Mexico, An. atropos was originally
recorded in Mexico City by Martini (1935), and additional
records of the occurrence of this species in the State of
Quintana Roo were provided by Pletsch (1977, 1986) and
mentioned by Ortega-Morales et al. (2010), Chan-Chablé et al.
(2018), and Chan-Chablé et al. (2020). Records of An. atropos
provided by Martini were reviewed by Vargas and Martínez-
Palacios (1956), who stated there were misidentications

Vol. 49, no. 1 Journal of Vector Ecology 35
of An. aztecus, while records provided by Pletsch probably
correspond to An. crucians. For these reasons, and the lack
of material or additional records of the occurrence of An.
atropos in Mexico, this species is removed from the Mexican
mosquito fauna.
Psorophora connnis was originally described by Lynch
Arribálzaga (1891) from specimens collected in Formosa,
Chaco, Argentina. is species occurs in Argentina and
tentatively south of the Amazon River (Lanzaro et al. 2015).
In Mexico, Ps. connnis has been previously reported in the
states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Campeche,
Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco,
Michoacán, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, San
Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Veracruz, and Yucatán
(Vargas 1956, Díaz-Nájera and Vargas 1973, Ibáñez-Bernal
and Martínez-Campos 1994, Nájera-Vázquez et al. 2004, de
la Cruz Ríos et al. 2008, Deardro et al. 2011, Ibáñez-Bernal
et al. 2011, Ordóñez-Sánchez et al. 2013, Gilbert-Beltri et al.
2013, Dzul-Manzanilla et al. 2013, Baak-Baak et al. 2016,
Torres-Cahble et al. 2017, Ortega-Morales et al. 2019a,
Hernández-Amparan et al. 2020, Abella-Medrano et al. 2020,
Chan-Chablé et al. 2020). In Quintana Roo, Ps. connnis
was recorded as Ps. connnis group by Ortega-Morales et al.
(2010), assuming the possibility of being a member of the
Connnis complex such as Ps. columbiae. However, in the last
review of mosquitoes from Quintana Roo, Ps. connnis and
Ps. columbiae were both species included within subgenus
Grabhamia, although Ps. connnis is marked as a doubtful
record (Chan-Chable et al. 2020). Finally, in the states of
Veracruz and Tabasco, Ps. connnis were reported as a single
member of the Connnis complex (Ibáñez-Bernal et al. 2011,
Ortega-Morales et al. 2019a), both states belong to the South
Gulf Coastal Plain, where Ps. columbiae occurs (Lanzaro et
al. 2015). Since Ps. connnis occurs only in South America,
previous records of this species in Mexico belong to the
Connnis complex members, such as Ps. columbiae and/or
Ps. totonaci. For these reasons, Ps. connnis is removed from
the Mexican mosquito fauna.
Culex jenningsi was originally described by Dyar and
Knab (1907) from specimens collected in Tabernilla, Canal
Zone, Panama. is species occurs in Colombia, Costa
Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. In Mexico, to the best of our
knowledge, there are no historical or recent records of this
species indicating its occurrence in the country, nor does any
entomological collection have material or specimens of this
species collected in Mexico. Possibly, historical records of Cx.
jenningsi in Mexico correspond to misidentications of Cx.
rejector. For these reasons, Cx. jenningsi is removed from the
Mexican mosquito fauna.
Mansonia indubitans was originally described by Dyar and
Shannon (1925) from specimens collected in Belem, Brazil.
is species occurs in South America (Belkin et al. 1970).
In Mexico, Ma. indubitans has been previously reported by
diverse authors in the states of Baja California, Baja California
Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Quintana Roo, Tabasco,
Tamaulipas, and Veracruz (Hernández-Guevara et al. 2020)
and in the states of Durango and Campeche (Hernández-
Amparán et al. 2020, Abella-Medrano et al. 2020). Mexican
records of Ma. indubitans corresponds to misidentications
of Ma. dyari records; therefore, Ma. indubitans is removed
from the Mexican mosquito fauna.
Trichoprosopon pallidiventer was originally described by
Lutz (1905) from specimens collected in Brazil. Currently, this
species occurs in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French
Guiana, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, and Peru. Mosquitoes
collected in conserved forests of Chiapas were identied
using morphology and DNA barcoding. Reported species
included Tr. pallidiventer, which represented the rst report
of this species in Mexico (Hernández-Triana et al. 2021).
However, detailed observation of the voucher specimens, as
well as the comparison of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit
I (COI) sequences obtained from these specimens, concluded
that these records correspond to another species within the
Sabethini tribe (Viveros-Santos pers. com.). For this reason,
Tr. pallidiventer is removed from the Mexican mosquito fauna.
Trichoprosopon soaresi was originally described by Lane
and Cerqueira (1942) from specimens collected in São João
de Petrópolis, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Currently this species
occurs in Brazil and French Guiana. In Mexico, Tr. soar esi was
reported in the State of Puebla by De Buen (1953). Recently,
the identity of Tr. s oa re si in Mexico was reviewed and corrected
by Rivera-García et al. (2023) who concluded that this taxon
corresponds to Tr. mixtli, consequently, Tr. soa resi is removed
from the Mexican mosquito fauna. On August 16, 2016,
during a mosquito survey in the location Nueva Esperanza,
municipality of Tenejapa, Chiapas (16°18’32.4”N-91°12’39.8”
W), one single adult female of Trichoprosopon sp. near to
brevipes (da Costa Lima) was collected while approaching
collector personnel in a tropical forest with partial shade
(Hernández-Triana et al. 2021). is taxon remains out from
the Mexican mosquito fauna checklist until more specimens
of this species are collected and identity corroborated.
e subgenus Dendromyia of Wyeomyia includes six
species, all distributed in the Neotropical region. Wyeomyia
jocosa was originally described by Dyar and Knab (1908)
from specimens collected in Caldera, Panama. Currently, this
species occurs in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala,
Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Venezuela. In Mexico, Wy.
jocosa was originally repororted in the states of Tabasco and
Chiapas by Díaz-Nájera and Vargas (1973). ose specimens
were deposited in the CAIM collection and later re-identied,
resulting in Wy. aporonoma for specimens collected in
Tabasco and Wy. (Wyeomyia) spp for specimens collected
in Chiapas. Consequently, Wy. jocosa and the subgenus
Dendromyia were removed from the Mexican list of mosquito
fauna (Ortega-Morales et al. 2019a). On July 5, 2018, during a
mosquito survey in the location La Boquilla, municipality of
Cacahoatán, Chiapas (15°3’51.7”N-92°13’8.2” W), two adult
females of Wy. jocosa were collected using a BioDiVector
tent trap during the day by Viveros-Santos et al. (2022). is
record represents the conrmation of the presence of Wy.
jocosa and the subgenus Dendromyia in Mexico.
Psorophora stonei is removed from the fauna list of
Tamaulipas State reported by Díaz-Nájera and Vargas (1973)
and Ortega-Morales et al. (2015), since the known distribution
of this species is restricted to the Pacic Coastal Plain region

36 Journal of Vector Ecology June 2024
ENDEMIC SPECIES
No. Species Distribution by State References
1Anopheles aztecus AGS, CDMX, DGO, GTO, HGO, JAL, MEX,
MICH, PUE, TLAX, ZAC 13, 27
2Anopheles fausti SLP 24
3Anopheles veruslanei Q. ROO 26
4Aedes ramirezi JAL, MOR, SIN, SON, VER 8
5Aedes lorraineae CHIS, GRO, MEX, OAX 1, 8, 12
6Aedes amateuri NL, TMPS 16
7Aedes atactavittatus CAMP 2
8Aedes shannoni GRO, MEX, MICH, MOR, QRO 1, 12, 25
9Aedes sp 2 Q. ROO 7
10 Aedes amabilis NL, QRO, TMPS, VER 15, 16, 20
11 Aedes chionotum MEX, MOR, OAX, 1, 30
12 Aedes diazi VER 22
13 Aedes gabriel HGO, JAL, MEX, MOR, ZAC 1, 8, 12, 18
14 Aedes idanus GRO, JAL, MEX, MOR, NAY 1, 12
15 Aedes knabi OAX 6
16 Aedes kompi MEX, MOR 1
17 Aedes lewnielseni NL 16
18 Aedes niveoscutum JAL 30
19 Aedes schicki DGO, QRO, TLAX 14, 20
20 Aedes schroederi OAX 23
21 Aedes sumidero CHIS 24
22 Aedes tehuantepec CHIS, OAX 29
23 Aedes vargasi MEX, SLP, VER 1, 23
24 Aedes sp 1 TMPS 15
25 Psorophora totonaci GRO, VER 8
26 Psorophora stonei SIN 8
27 Culex diamphidius OAX , VER 21
28 Culex jalisco JAL 5
29 Culex sandrae GRO, OAX 4
30 Culex schicki GRO 4
31 Culex gravitator VER 9
32 Deinocerites belkini GRO, JAL 10
33 Deinocerites mcdonaldi BC, BCS, JAL, NAY 8, 12
34 Sabethes ortizi CHIS, VER 8
35 Shannoniana huasteca QRO 20
36 Trichoprosopon mixtli PUE, VER 22
37 Wyeomyia stonei CHIS, TAB , VER 8
38 Wyeomyia sp 3 NL 16
INVASIVE SPECIES
1Aedes vexans CHIH, COAH, DGO, GTO, HGO, JAL, MICH,
QRO, SON, TMPS 8, 12, 15, 17, 25
2Aedes dorsalis CHIH 8, 25
3Aedes aegypti All Mexican States excepting TLAX
4Aedes albopictus All Mexican States excepting AGS, BC, BCS,
CHIH, DGO, MICH, SON, TLAX, ZAC 11, 19
Table 3. Endemic and invasive
mosquito species in Mexico.
Distributions are abbreviated
by state - AGS: Aguascalientes;
BC: Baja California; BCS:
Baja California Sur; CDMX:
Mexico City; CHIH:
Chihuahua; CHIS: Chiapas;
COAH: Coahuila; DGO:
Durango; GRO: Guerrero;
GTO: Guanajuato; HGO:
Hidalgo; JAL: Jalisco;
MEX: Mexico State; MICH:
Michoacán; MOR: Morelos;
NL: Nuevo León; OAX:
Oaxaca; PUE: Puebla;
QRO: Querétaro; Q. ROO:
Quintana Roo; SIN: Sinaloa;
SLP: San Luis Potosí; SON:
Sonora; TLAX: Tlaxcala;
TMPS: Tamaulipas; VER:
Veracruz; ZAC: Zacatecas.
Bold indicates the state where
the species was originally
discovered. References are
abbreviated: (1) Adeniran
et al. 2021; (2) Arnell, 1976;
(3) Arnell and Nielsen, 1972;
(4) Berlin 1969; (5) Berlin
1974; (6) Coquillett 1906; (7)
Chan-Chablé et al. 2019; (8)
Díaz-Nájera and Vargas 1973;
(9) Dyar and Knab 1906; (10)
Dzul-Manzanilla et al. 2013;
(11) Gómez-Salazar et al.
2023; (12) Heinemann and
Belkin 1977; (13) Ibáñez-
Bernal and Martínez-Campos
1994; (14) Muñoz-Cabrera et
al. 2006; (15) Ortega-Morales
et al. 2015; (16) Ortega-
Morales et al. 2019; (17)
Ortega-Morales et al. 2019;
(18) Ortega-Morales et al.
2019; (19) Ortega-Morales et
al. 2022; (20) Ortega-Morales
et al. 2023; (21) Peyton and
Harbach 1991; (22) Rivera-
García et al. 2023; (23) Schick
1970; (24) Vargas 1943; (25)
Vargas 1956; (26) Vargas 1979;
(27) Vargas and Martínez-
Palacios 1956; (28) Viveros-
Santos and Sandoval-Ruiz
2018; (29) Viveros-Santos et
al. 2022; (30) Zavortink 1972.

Vol. 49, no. 1 Journal of Vector Ecology 37
No. Species Origin International distribution
1Anopheles gabaldoni TAB Belize, Guatemala
2Aedes epactius VER Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, USA
3Aedes cozumelensis Q. ROO Belize
4Aedes guerrero GRO Guatemala
5Aedes laguna BCS U.S.A.
6Aedes purpureipes BC U.S.A.
7Aedes muelleri CDMX Costa Rica, U.S.A.
8Aedes taeniorhynchus MEXICO
Argentina, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Brazil, Cayman Islands,
Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El
Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Jamaica, Lesser Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico,
Suriname, U.S.A., Venezuela
9Psorophora signipennis NL Canada, U.S.A
10 Psorophora tolteca OAX U.S.A.
11 Psorophora mexicana MEXICO U.S.A.
12 Psorophora varipes MEXICO Bahamas, Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala,
Nicaragua, Paraguay, U.S.A., Uruguay
13 Culex restrictor OAX Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala,
Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Venezuela
14 Culex interrogator CHIS? Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Panama, Peru, U.S.A.
15 Culex pinarocampa VER Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Venezuela
16 Culex stenolepis VER Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Haiti,
Honduras, Panama
17 Culex conspirator OAX Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala,
Honduras, Lesser Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Venezuela
18 Culex mutator VER Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Panama
19 Culex pilosus VER
Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia,
Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,
French Guiana, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Lesser
Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico,
Suriname, U.S.A., Venezuela
20 Culex rejector VER Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua
21 Culex derivator VER Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama
22 Culex lactator CHIS? Belize, Colombia, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, U.S.A.,
Venezuela
23 Deinocerites howardi JAL El Salvador, Nicaragua
24 Wyeomyia abebela VER Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama
25 Uraenotaenia coatzacoalcos VER Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
Panama, Venezuela
Table 4. Mosquito species originally discovered in Mexico that also occur in other countries.

38 Journal of Vector Ecology June 2024
Name, years of birth and death Nationality Species
discovered
Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann (1770–1840) Germany 1
Luigi Bellardi (1818–1889) Italy 1
Samuel Wendell Williston (1852–1918) United States 1
Daniel William Coquillett (1856–1911) United States 3
Carlos Christian Homann (1876–1942) Germany 1
Erich Christian Wilheim Martini (1880–1960) Germany 1
Frederick Knab (1865–1918) Germany 15
Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. (1866–1929) United States 16
Luis Vargas García Alonso (1908–1994) Mexico 9
Amado Martínez-Palacios (1909–1987) Mexico 1
Guenther Wolfgang Paul Lassmann (1910–1989) Mexico 1
Alfonso Díaz-Nájera (1910–1992) Mexico 2
omas Henry Gardiner Aitken (1912–2007) United States 1
John Nicholas Belkin (1913–1980) Russia 2
Wilbur George Downs (1913–1991) United States 3
Lewis omas Nielsen (1920–2014) United States 1
Edward L. Peyton (1929–1999) United States 1
Charles Leonard Hogue (1935–1992) United States 2
Abdiel José Adames-Palma (1938–2005) Panama 1
omas James Zavortink (1939– ) United States 5
J. Hal Arnell (1941–1999) United States 2
Ralph Edward Harbach (1948– ) United States 1
Sergio Ibáñez-Bernal (1960– ) Mexico 1
Aldo Iván Ortega-Morales (1981– ) Mexico 3
Karina D aney Rivera-García (1990– ) Mexico 1
Alejandro Méndez-Andrade (1990– ) Mexico 1
Olivil Geroge W. Berlin (? –? ) India 5
Robert X. Schick (? –? ) United States 8
Table 5. Authors who have contributed to the discovery of Mexican mosquito species.

Vol. 49, no. 1 Journal of Vector Ecology 39
in the state of Sinaloa.
Two records of Mexican endemic species are problematic
since there were previously reported in other countries. e
reasons why these species still considered endemic to Mexico
are explained in this section:
Anopheles fausti described by Vargas (1943) is known
only from its type-location in Tamazunchale, San Luis Potosí;
this species was reported in Nicaragua by Stone et al. (1959).
However, there are no records of An. fausti in southeastern
of Mexico, nor in other Middle American countries besides
Nicaragua.
Vargas and Downs (1950) described Aedes kompi from
specimens collected in Tepoztlán, Morelos, and this species
was also reported in Mexico State by Adeniran et al. (2021).
Additional records of this species in Panama and the U.S.A.
(Wilkerson et al. 2015) are based on misidentication, since
the distribution of Ae. kompi is restricted to the forest regions
of Transversal Neo-Volcanic Axis in Mexico.
In Mexico, 247 species of mosquitoes occur, of which
four of them are invasive and 38 are endemic (Table 3), and 25
were originally discovered in Mexico but also occur in other
countries (Table 4). Species that were originally discovered
in Mexico and also distributed in other countries (Table 3)
without type-location or without the possibility to locate the
type-location because the names of the collection sites are
doubtful are: Ae. taeniorhynchus (MEX?) (Wiedemann 1821);
Ps. mexicana (MEX?) (Bellardi 1859); Ps. varipes (Las Penas?
MEX) (Coquillett 1904); Cx. interrogator and Cx. lactator
(Rincón de Antonio? MEX) (Dyar and Knab 1906b). se last
two locations could belong to sites within the state of Chiapas.
Mexican mosquito species were discovered and/or co-
discovered by 28 entomologists from dierent nationalities.
eir names, dates of birth and death, nationality and the
number of mosquito species discovered and/or co-discovered
in Mexico are shown in Table 5.
Acknowledgments
e authors thank Karina Rivera-García, Ralph Harbach,
and omas J. Zavortink for providing bibliographic
information on some of the authors of Mexican mosquito
species, and Herón Huerta from CAIM for allowing us
to review the mosquito collection. We also thank the two
reviewers who improved this work.
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