Akram Shaaban

University of Utah | UOU · Department of Radiology

Unlabelled: Human biodistribution, bioprocessing and possible toxicity of nanoscale silver receive increasing health assessment. We prospectively studied commercial 10- and 32-ppm nanoscale silver particle solutions in a single-blind, controlled, cross-over, intent-to-treat, design. Healthy subjects (n=60) underwent metabolic, blood counts, urinal...

Background Myocardial perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a well-established method for detection of ischemic heart disease. However, ECG gating problems can result in image degradation and non-diagnostic scans, particularly in patients with arrhythmias. Methods A turboFLASH saturation recovery pulse sequence was used without any...

Background: The effect of donor kidney volume on recipient kidney function has not been fully evaluated. Methods: We performed a prospective analysis of 125 consecutive living kidney donor/recipient pairs. Donor kidney volume was calculated from pretransplantation computed tomography angiograms using a three-dimensional computerized volume metho...

Objective: To increase awareness of primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) and its relationship to serous epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and breast cancer. To review the characteristic imaging findings of PFTC thereby enabling radiologists to not only diagnose, but aid clinicians in staging, treatment planning and surveillance for recurrence....

Background / Purpose: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma initially presenting with a large osteoblastic lesion of the pelvis is uncommon. Two patients presented with large boney masses found to be metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Main conclusion: The important aspect of this poster lies in the necessity to biopsy suspicious lesions in order to mak...

Living donors may develop kidney dysfunction more often than equally healthy populations. The purpose of this study was to determine whether computed tomography‐assessed remaining kidney volume indexed to body surface area (RKV/BSA) was associated with 1‐year post‐nephrectomy renal function independent of baseline renal function. Using multivariabl...

The risk of developing malignancy is higher in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection than in non-HIV-infected patients. Several factors including immunosuppression, viral coinfection, and high-risk lifestyle choices lead to higher rates of cancer in the HIV-infected population. A subset of HIV-related malignancies are considere...

Villous lesions are advanced adenomas that manifest most commonly in the colon; however, they can develop throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The duodenum is the most common small-bowel site of these lesions. Although in most cases these are isolated lesions that occur sporadically, patients with certain specific colorectal cancer syndromes, inc...

Bowel/Mesenteric Vascular Lesions: Multi-Modality Imaging Evaluation

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) perfusion has been established as a useful imaging modality for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there are several limitations when applying standard, ECG-gated stress/rest perfusion CMR to patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). In this study we investigate an approach with no ECG gat...

Adrenal cortical hyperplasia manifests radiologically as the nonmalignant growth, or enlargement of the adrenal glands, specifically the cortex, although the cortex cannot be definitively identified by conventional imaging. Controlled by the pituitary gland, the adrenal cortex drives critical processes, such as cortisol, mineralocorticoid, and sex...

Objective: A relatively large proportion of patients with Crohn disease (CD) develop complications including abscess formation, stricture, and penetrating disease. A subset of patients will have genital and reproductive organ involvement of CD, resulting in significant morbidity. These special circumstances create unique management challenges that...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing immune-mediated inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD includes two major disease entities: Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and surveillance of these complex disorders. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance enterographic te...

The liver has a complex vascular supply, which involves the inflow of oxygenated blood through the hepatic artery (systemic circulation) and deoxygenated blood through the portal vein (portal circulation), as well as the outflow of deoxygenated blood through the hepatic veins to the inferior vena cava. A spectrum of vascular variants can involve th...

Objective: The purpose of this article is to review a spectrum of calcified pancreatic masses and propose an algorithm for diagnostic radiologic evaluation. Conclusion: Pancreatic calcifications are being detected more frequently because of the widespread use of imaging, particularly CT. Pancreatic calcifications are most commonly associated wit...

Heterotopic pancreas is a congenital anomaly in which pancreatic tissue is anatomically separate from the main gland. The most common locations of this displacement include the upper gastrointestinal tract—specifically, the stomach, duodenum, and proximal jejunum. Less common sites are the esophagus, ileum, Meckel diverticulum, biliary tree, mesent...

Cancers of the female genital system, particularly endometrial and ovarian cancers, can be associated with hereditary cancer syndromes such as hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and Lynch syndrome. Cancers that are found in the setting of a hereditary cancer syndrome are often unique in presentation, clinical features, and pathologic profiles whe...

The standard of care for localized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is surgical resection. For patients who decline or who are unfit for surgery, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is emerging as a viable treatment approach. We present a case of a 77-year-old female in whom an early stage HCC was incidentally discovered. Given her religious edicts...

Life expectancies for solid organ recipients as well as graft survival rates for these patients have improved over the years because of advanced immunosuppressive therapies; however, with chronic use of these drugs, posttransplant malignancy has become one of the leading causes of morbidity for them. The risk of carcinogenesis in transplant recipie...

The 2012 revised Atlanta classification is an update of the original 1992 Atlanta classification, a standardized clinical and radiologic nomenclature for acute pancreatitis and associated complications based on research advances made over the past 2 decades. Acute pancreatitis is now divided into two distinct subtypes, necrotizing pancreatitis and...

The complex anatomy of the retroperitoneum is reflected in the spectrum of neoplastic and nonneoplastic conditions that can occur in the retroperitoneum and appear as soft-tissue masses. The presence of fat within a retroperitoneal lesion is helpful in refining the differential diagnosis. Fat is easily recognized because of its characteristic imagi...

This article reviews the imaging findings of hepatic steatosis (fatty liver disease) on cross-sectional imaging with an emphasis on various patterns of focal fat. Hepatic steatosis can herald pathology or mimic metastatic disease, the latter generating confusion and creating undue patient anxiety. Hepatic steatosis is often first detected at comput...

IgG4-related disease is a recently recognized systemic disorder involving multiple organs throughout the body. The multi-organ involvement of this disease was previously thought to occur as isolated, unrelated autoimmune disorders. Although virtually any part of the body may be involved in IgG4-related disease, abdominal manifestations tend to pred...

Cystic lesions of the pancreas are presently receiving increased attention, both in the clinical setting and in the literature. Such lesions are being detected with ever increasing frequency given the continually improving spatial resolution of computed tomography. The presence of a cystic pancreatic lesion often represents a diagnostic dilemma; wh...

Haematological malignancies are relatively uncommon neoplasms of kidneys. Nevertheless, the incidence of these neoplasms is increasing, partly due to more widespread use of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. This article discusses the clinical and imaging features of renal lymphoma, leukaemia, extra-osseous multiple myeloma, and po...

Introduction: In patients with atrial fibrillation, the diagnostic accuracy of standard, gated stress/rest perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) for detection of coronary artery (CAD) disease remains uncertain. Here we investigated using instead an ungated approach with no ECG gating with a rapid rest/stress perfusion protocol to determ...

Traditionally, due to its low cost, ready availability, and proved diagnostic accuracy, ultrasonography (US) has been the primary imaging modality for the evaluation of scrotal and, to a lesser extent, penile disease. However, US is limited by its relatively small useful field of view, operator dependence, and inability to provide much information...

There has been a global increase in the rate of cesarean delivery during the last 30 years. As a result, many women of reproductive age now have uterine scars. Well-recognized obstetric and gynecologic consequences include cesarean scar pregnancy, scar dehiscence or rupture, and scar endometriosis. More recently, abnormal menstrual bleeding, pelvic...

The extraperitoneal spaces are compartmentalized spaces defined by peritoneum internally and parietal muscular fascia, including transversalis fascia, externally.

PURPOSE/AIM Imaging workup is routinely performed to characterize hepatic masses and determine the most appropriate intervention. This poster presents an overview of what radiologists should know regarding hematologic malignancies of the liver focusing on the imaging findings, spectrum of pathology, differential diagnosis, associated laboratory abn...

Hematologic malignancies are relatively uncommon neoplasms of abdominal soft tissue. This article discusses the clinical and imaging features of pancreatic lymphoma, pancreatic extraosseous multiple myeloma, granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma), posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder, and Castleman disease. The combination of imaging findings and t...

The Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology has developed a set of guidelines for pancreaticobiliary cytology including indications for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, techniques for EUS-FNA, terminology and nomenclature to be used for pancreaticobiliary disease, ancillary testing and postbiopsy management. All do...

Ovarian malignant germ cell tumors (OMGCTs) are heterogeneous tumors that are derived from the primitive germ cells of the embryonic gonad. OMGCTs are rare, accounting for about 2.6% of all ovarian malignancies, and typically manifest in adolescence, usually with abdominal pain, a palpable mass, and elevated serum tumor marker levels, which may ser...

The Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology has developed a set of guidelines for pancreaticobiliary cytology including indications for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, techniques for EUS‐FNA, terminology and nomenclature to be used for pancreaticobiliary disease, ancillary testing, and post‐biopsy management. All...

Various hematopoietic neoplasms can involve the female genital system. The most common hematological malignancy that involves the female genital system is lymphoma and secondary involvement is more common than primary genital lymphoma. Rarely, leukemic infiltration and extramedullary plasmacytomas of the female genital tract may also occur. Being i...

To evaluate the clinical utility of dual phase computed tomography (CT) for assessment of hepatic metastases in patients with metastatic melanoma. A retrospective case-control study of dual phase CT examinations consisting of late hepatic arterial and portal venous phases performed on patients with melanoma was undertaken. In 2010, 420 dual phase C...

Patients with germline mutations in one of the SDH genes are at substantially increased risk of developing paragangliomas, pheochromocytomas (pheos), and other tumors (all combined referred to as SDH-related tumors). However, limited data exist on screening in SDH mutation carriers and no studies have evaluated whole-body MRI as a screening tool in...

Cystic lesions of the pancreas are encountered on abdominal imaging studies on a routine basis. Cystic pancreatic lesions represent a variety of both benign and malignant disease entities that present with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms. Cystic pancreatic lesions are being detected at an ever increasing rate due to increasingly sophisticated...

While regression of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver is not uncommon, reports of near-complete involution or regression of these lesions are rare. We report two cases of focal nodular hyperplasia that underwent near-complete regression—one in a 27-year-old female that regressed over a period of 4 years, and one in a 46-year-old female that re...

PURPOSE/AIM The aim of this exhibit is to review the role of MRI and MRCP in the diagnosis and surveillance of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Upon completion of this exhibit we expect the reader to recognize the features of PSC and its complications on MRI/MRCP, as well as, provide a reasonable differential diagnosis. CONTENT...

The aims of this study is to determine the maximum tolerated dose of capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) delivered concurrent with radiation therapy (RT) in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma and to retrospectively compare outcomes with this regimen to concurrent 5-fluorouracil or capecitabine with RT (5FU-RT) or concurren...

The increasing use of imaging necessitates familiarity with a wide variety of pathologic conditions, both common and rare, that affect the fallopian tube. These conditions should be considered in the differential diagnosis for pelvic disease in the nonpregnant patient. The most common condition is pelvic inflammatory disease, which represents a spe...

Adnexal masses are common in the general population. Although ovarian cancer is a significant cause of mortality, large screening studies demonstrate that the majority of adnexal masses are benign. These benign masses include physiologic cysts, paraovarian masses, and benign ovarian lesions. It is important that gynecologists and radiologists appre...

Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecologic malignancy. It is the deadliest, largely owing to late stage at the time of diagnosis. Ultrasound is modality of choice in the evaluation of suspected adnexal masses. Magnetic resonance imaging is an excellent problem solver when an adnexal mass is indeterminate on ultrasound. Staging of ovarian...

A variety of benign and malignant entities affect the uterine cervix. These are discussed and illustrated. Cross-sectional and functional imaging can improve the accuracy of traditional clinical cervical cancer staging. Emphasis is placed on magnetic resonance imaging for initial staging and fused positron emission tomography-computed tomography fo...

Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe and illustrate the CT findings of acute cholecystitis and its complications. Conclusion: CT findings suggesting acute cholecystitis should be interpreted with caution and should probably serve as justification for further investigation with abdominal ultrasound. CT has a relatively high negat...

Introduction: Though pulmonary vein (PV) isolation has been widely adopted for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), recurrence rates remain unacceptably high with persistent and longstanding AF. As evidence emerges for non-PV substrate changes in the pathogenesis of AF, more extensive ablation strategies need further study. Methods: We modifie...

Esophageal wall thermal injury after atrial fibrillation ablation is a potentially serious complication. However, no noninvasive modality has been used to describe and screen patients to examine whether esophageal wall injury has occurred. We describe a noninvasive method of using delayed-enhancement MRI to detect esophageal wall injury and subsequ...

Adnexal masses are common in the general population. Although ovarian cancer is a significant cause of mortality, large screening studies demonstrate that the majority of adnexal masses are benign. These benign masses include physiologic cysts, paraovarian masses, and benign ovarian lesions. It is important that gynecologists and radiologists appre...

Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecologic malignancy. It is the deadliest, largely owing to late stage at the time of diagnosis. Ultrasound is modality of choice in the evaluation of suspected adnexal masses. Magnetic resonance imaging is an excellent problem solver when an adnexal mass is indeterminate on ultrasound. Staging of ovarian...

A variety of benign and malignant entities affect the uterine cervix. These are discussed and illustrated. Cross-sectional and functional imaging can improve the accuracy of traditional clinical cervical cancer staging. Emphasis is placed on magnetic resonance imaging for initial staging and fused positron emission tomography-computed tomography fo...

To improve myocardial perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by reconstructing undersampled radial data with a spatiotemporal constrained reconstruction method (STCR). The STCR method jointly reconstructs all of the time-frames for each slice. In 7 subjects at rest, on a 3-T scanner, the method was compared with a conventional (GRAPPA) Cartesia...

PURPOSE/AIM Review the spectrum of splenic abnormalities, correlating ultrasound, CT and MRI findings in order to understand the differential diagnostic considerations. Use principals from abdominal embryiology to understand disease processes involving the spleen/left upper quadrant. CONTENT ORGANIZATION Embryology Congenital anomalies & Heterotax...

Background. A mechanism of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence following ablation may be incomplete pulmonary vein antrum (PVA) scarring that allows for conduction between the pulmonary veins (PV) and the left atrium (LA). We report the relationship between circumferential PV scarring detected by delayed enhancement MRI (DE-MRI) and AF recurrence f...

Objectives. Pulmonary vein antrum (PVA) isolation is a common ablation strategy to treat patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Incomplete lesion formation around the PVA is thought to contribute to recurrence of AF. We report a new multi-step approach to ensure complete PVA scarring by using 3D delayed enhancement MRI (DE-MRI) models of the LA to...

Broncholithiasis is the presence of intrabronchial calcification or ossification. We report a case of broncholiths resulting from extrusion of calcified mediastinal lymph node into a bronchus associated with esophagobronchial fistula that became more symptomatic after bronchoscopic removal of the broncholiths.

Isolated absence of the infrarenal inferior vena cava is an extremely rare vascular anomaly with controversial pathogenesis. This is the first report of association between absence of the infrarenal inferior vena cava and adrenal calcifications and renal hypoplasia, recognized long-term manifestations of perinatal inferior vena cava thrombosis. Thi...

Pulmonary vein tumours are rare. They can cause significant morbidity and mortality. The present report discusses a rare case of pulmonary vein sarcoma in an elderly male patient.

The small airways of the lungs are an often misunderstood and confusing anatomic location teeming with an array of similar-appearing disease processes that can be daunting even to the most experienced radiologist. This article shows that an understanding of small-airway anatomy and accurate pattern recognition can allow one to determine useful clin...

therosclerosis remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world [1, 2]. It is usually regarded as a systemic disease and several well-identified risk factors (i.e., hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and cigarette smoking) have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Noninvasive imaging of atherosclerosis, such a...

Coronary arteriovenous fistula are uncommon if not rare, but represent the most prevalent hemodynamically significant congenital malformations of the coronary arterial circulation. The goal of this report is to evaluate the use of 3D volume rendering from transaxial breathhold coronary MR angiograms to visualize coronary arteriovenous fistulas. Cor...

Coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. Currently, the work up of coronary artery disease requires an integrated approach utilizing several diagnostic imaging modalities including coronary x-ray angiography, echocardiography, and radionuclide scintigraphy. Magnetic resonance imaging...

PURPOSE/AIM - To review imaging features of hematopoietic tumors of the Genitourinary tract - To review the clinical implications and management of these tumors - To discuss differential diagnosis and mimics CONTENT ORGANIZATION - Introduction of hematologic neoplasms of the GU tract. - Review of the spectrum of hematopoietic tumors of the GU tra...

PURPOSE/AIM The aim of this exhibit is to review the imaging features of both benign and malignant cardiac masses. Upon completion of this exhibit we expect the reader to recognize various cardiac masses with a location specific differential diagnosis. CONTENT ORGANIZATION Cardiac masses will be organized into categories based on location. The cli...

PURPOSE/AIM Imaging workup is routinely performed to characterize pancreatic masses and determine the most appropriate intervention. This poster presents an overview of what radiologists should know regarding hematologic malignancies of the pancreas focusing on the imaging findings, spectrum of pathology, differential diagnosis, associated laborato...

PURPOSE/AIM The purpose of this exhibition is to 1- Review the pathophysiology of renal vascular and parenchymal causes of systemic hypertension in adults 2- Review the MDCT appearance of different causes of renal vascular and parenchymal hypertension CONTENT ORGANIZATION I. Renal vascular A. Arterial 1- Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis 2- Fi...

PURPOSE/AIM The purpose of this exhibit is to provide a comprehensive clinical and imaging review of orthotopic liver transplant. The focus will be on indications for liver transplant with an overview of how livers are allocated. The current surgical technique will be illustrated. Finally, common and uncommon imaging examples of complications of li...

PURPOSE/AIM The goal of this exhibit is to assist the practicing imager and radiologist in training in identifying and accurately characterizing cystic lesions of the lower female GU tract via a review of relevent anatomy and pertinent imaging findings. CONTENT ORGANIZATION The exhibit will be organized by the following topics: * Review of releven...

PURPOSE/AIM The aim of this exhibit is to increase awareness and recognition of autoimmune pancreatitis. Upon completion of this exhibit we hope the reader will recognize the features of this entity on cross-sectional imaging both in the pancreas and remainder of the abdomen. In addition, crucial differential diagnoses will be illustrated. CONTENT...

PURPOSE/AIM Comprehensive review of the imaging features of different congenital and acquired conditions involving the portal venous system. CONTENT ORGANIZATION Congenital: Abernethy malformation Agenesis of PV or its branches Portal vein (PV) thrombosis Bland Tumor thrombus (HCC or Metastases) Portal hypertension PV in Budd Chiari syndrome Rever...

PURPOSE/AIM The purpose of this exhibit is: To review the patholgy, route of spread and new theories regarding the origin of serous ovarian carcinoma from the fallopian tube. To discuss the role of imaging in tumor detection, differential diagnosis and staging using different imaging modalities. CONTENT ORGANIZATION Patholgy Microscopic and gross...

PURPOSE/AIM The purpose of this exhibit is to: Describes the pathology and clinical presentation of appendiceal carcinoma Describe imaging findings of appendiceal carcinoma with emphasis on tumor detection, differential diagnosis and staging. CONTENT ORGANIZATION Clinical features Pathology Microscopic and gross features Routes of tumor spread Dif...

PURPOSE/AIM This exhibit will review the range of pathology affecting the fallopian tubes and their characteristic imaging appearance on ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Imaging findings helping to distinguish each entity will be emphasized. CONTENT ORGANIZATION The presentation will be organized according to the fol...

PURPOSE/AIM Computed tomographic enterography (CTE) is a rapidly emerging non-invasive technique for the evaluation of the small bowel. This exhibit will review the CTE findings of the enteric and extra-enteric abnormalities characteristic of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. CONTENT ORGANIZATION 1. Brief overview of Peutz-Jeghers 2. CTE technique 3. Imagin...

PURPOSE/AIM Review and discuss relevant anatomy. Review common risk factors and other syndromes which predispose patients to the development of colon cancer. Review the presentation of colon cancer and staging. Review the routes of spread to adjacent structures, regional lymph nodes and common sites of distant metastases. Review treatment options b...

PURPOSE/AIM The aim of this exhibit is to review the imaging features of diffuse and multifocal liver lesions with pathological correlation and emphasis on radiological features helpful in the differential diagnosis. CONTENT ORGANIZATION Diffuse: Hepatitis (viral, alcoholc), Amyloidosis, Sarcoidosis, Steatosis, Hemochromatosis, Hemosiderosis, Wils...

PURPOSE/AIM This is a comprehensive review of the CT appearances of various diseases and conditions of the gallbladder, both common and uncommon, with correlation with the US and MR appearances and/or surgical findings. CONTENT ORGANIZATION Abnormal location and shape of the gallbladder, Polysplenia, Traumatic rupture of GB, Gallstones: (Gallstone...

PURPOSE/AIM This exhibit will review pertinent clinical and imaging aspects of cardiac resynchronization therapy -- also called biventricular pacing. CONTENT ORGANIZATION The exhibit will cover the following areas : * the pathophysiologic basis for cardiac resynchronization therapy * the clinical selection of patients for this intervention * the p...

PURPOSE To present imaging findings of a previously undefined type of congenital liver anomaly and discuss its implications to the previously accepted ideas concerning congenital liver malformations. METHOD AND MATERIALS Multimodality imaging was obtained on an index subject with an incidentally identified tripartite liver. The subject’s past medi...

PURPOSE/AIM The purpose of this exhibit is to: 1- Review cellular classification and pathology of Ovarian malignant germ cell tumors (MGCT) 2- Review patterns of spread and staging (in view of inclusion into AJCC 7th edition) 3- Review different radiological features of ovarian MGCT CONTENT ORGANIZATION Cellular classification and pathology of ova...