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SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS
Assessment of genomic and metabolic characteristics of cholesterol-reducing and
GABA-producer Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 isolated from lactic acid
fermented Shalgam based on “in silico” and “in vitro” approaches
Ahmet Yetiman1*, Mehmet Horzum2, Dilek Bahar3, Mikail Akbulut4
1Erciyes University, Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, 38030, Kayseri, Türkiye
2Erciyes University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Food Engineering Department,
38030, Kayseri, Türkiye
3Erciyes University, Genkok Genome and Stem Cell Center, 38030, Kayseri, Türkiye
4Erciyes University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 38030, Kayseri, Türkiye
*Corresponding author: ahmetyetiman@erciyes.edu.tr
Phone: +90 352 207 6666/ Ext: 32732
Table S1. The Predicted CRISPR systems in the genome of Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52
(GenBank: CP091132.1)
Feature Type
Start/End
Strand
Product
Cas9
629982/634118
-
CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9
Cas1
628869/629774
-
type II CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas1
UJP16263.1
627918/628589
-
type II-A CRISPR-associated protein Csn2
UJP16264.1
628586/628891
-
CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas2
CRISPR-array
626931/627889
+
CRISPR region with repeat
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
aactctaaaactactgatctgacactcatccaagacaagcatctagatttggttgcttga
tttgtggtactcggaactactgatctgacactcatccaagacctaaaggaggaaccgacc
atcaatgaactagtactcggaactactgatctgacactcatccaagaccacgacgactga
agaactgtacaacaactagtactcggaactactgatctgacactcatccaagactaaagg
tttgccgaccaacctaacggacaagtactcggaactactgatctgacactcatccaagac
taaaagctatactcaccgtctagatcaagcgtactcggaactactgatctgacactcatc
caagacctgatgaacagattgccaaaaatgtccagcgtactcggaactactgatctgaca
ctcatccaagacagcaatcgacgagcttaagcgatgatcaaagtactcggaactactgat
ctgacactcatccaagacgcaattacgacctttgttgacaaccgcgatgtactcggaact
actgatctgacactcatccaagaccggcattgaggactttgtgagctatcacgagtactc
ggaactactgatctgacactcatccaagactaatttatcaaagtttgccaacaatgtagg
tactcggaactactgatctgacactcatccaagacctcagcccaagtgggcctctacggg
agcaagtactcggaactactgatctgacactcatccaagacgactatgcgatgtggatgt
atggcgtaaatgtactcggaactactgatctgacactcatccaagacagtcttaccgtcc
aatcagagataccgagtgtactcggaactactgatctgacactcatccaagacagaagcc
taagtcgccagtttgcacctcacgtactcggaactactgatctgacactcatccaagac
CRISPR-spacer
626967/626996
+
AAGCATCTAGATTTGGTTGCTTGATTTGTG
CRISPR-spacer
627033/627062
+
CTAAAGGAGGAACCGACCATCAATGAACTA
CRISPR-spacer
627099/627128
+
CACGACGACTGAAGAACTGTACAACAACTA
CRISPR-spacer
627165/627194
+
TAAAGGTTTGCCGACCAACCTAACGGACAA
CRISPR-spacer
627231/627260
+
TAAAAGCTATACTCACCGTCTAGATCAAGC
CRISPR-spacer
627297/627326
+
CTGATGAACAGATTGCCAAAAATGTCCAGC
CRISPR-spacer
627363/627392
+
AGCAATCGACGAGCTTAAGCGATGATCAAA
CRISPR-spacer
627429//627458
+
GCAATTACGACCTTTGTTGACAACCGCGAT
CRISPR-spacer
627495/627524
+
CGGCATTGAGGACTTTGTGAGCTATCACGA
CRISPR-spacer
627561/627589
+
TAATTTATCAAAGTTTGCCAACAATGTAG
CRISPR-spacer
627626/627655
+
CTCAGCCCAAGTGGGCCTCTACGGGAGCAA
CRISPR-spacer
627692/627721
+
GACTATGCGATGTGGATGTATGGCGTAAAT
CRISPR-spacer
627758/627758
+
AGTCTTACCGTCCAATCAGAGATACCGAGT
CRISPR-spacer
627824/627853
+
AGAAGCCTAAGTCGCCAGTTTGCACCTCAC
CRISPR-repeat
626931/626966
+
AACTCTAAAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627854/627889
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627788/627823
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627722/627757
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627656/627691
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627590/627625
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627525/627560
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627459/627494
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627393/627428
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627327/627362
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627261/627296
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627195/627230
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627129/627164
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
627063/627098
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
CRISPR-repeat
626997/627032
+
GTACTCGGAACTACTGATCTGACACTCATCCAAGAC
Table S2. The predicted prophage regions of Limosilactobacillus fermentum strain AGA52
Region
Length
Completeness
Score
Total Proteins
Region Position
Most Common Phage
(Number of matching proteins)
GC%
1
13.3 kb
questionable
70
15
842607-855944
PHAGE_Klebsi_phiKO2_NC_005857(2)
42.52%
2
32.2 kb
intact
140
40
918171-951398
PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068(16)
43.70%
3
11.7 kb
intact
130
16
1975601-1987361
PHAGE_Lactob_521B_NC_048752(2)
43.94%
Table S3. The questionable and first prophage region elements of Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 (PHAGE_Klebsi_phiKO2_NC_005857).
#
Locus
ORF Start
ORF Stop
Strand
Homolog/Ortholog Species
Homolog/Ortholog Protein
E-Value
1
PP_00833
842607
844184
Backward
Tail protein
PP_00833, tail length tape-measure protein, phage(gi100057), PHAGE_Anoxyb_A403_NC_048701
1.13e-27
2
PP_00834
844177
845838
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00834, site-specific serine recombinase, phage(gi89152504), PHAGE_Bacill_Fah_NC_007814
9.71e-35
3
PP_00835
845874
846107
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00835, hypothetical
N/A
4
PP_00836
846200
847078
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00836, hypothetical protein, phage(gi100039), PHAGE_Faecal_FP_Lugh_NC_047912
5.01e-30
5
PP_00837
847075
847488
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00837, holin, phage(gi89152494), PHAGE_Bacill_Fah_NC_007814
4.46e-29
6
PP_00838
847475
847858
Backward
Head protein
PP_00838, head-tail adaptor protein, phage(gi971821549), PHAGE_Clostr_phiCT19406C_NC_029006
1.41e-13
7
PP_00839
848153
849331
Backward
Head protein
PP_00839, minor capsid protein, phage(gi589893767), PHAGE_Geobac_GBK2_NC_023612
2.25e-44
8
PP_00840
849351
850022
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00840, putative Clp peptidase, phage(gi148747731), PHAGE_Geobac_E2_NC_009552
1.65e-46
9
PP_00841
850019
851284
Backward
Portal protein
PP_00841, putative portal protein, phage(gi46402090), PHAGE_Klebsi_phiKO2_NC_005857
1.17e-86
10
PP_00842
851313
852911
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00842, hypothetical protein, phage(gi100002), PHAGE_Gordon_Nymphadora_NC_031061
2.96e-105
11
PP_00843
852975
853181
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00843, hypothetical
N/A
12
PP_00844
853184
853804
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00844, hypothetical
N/A
13
PP_00845
853877
855103
Backward
Head protein
PP_00845, head morphogenesis protein, phage(gi100068), PHAGE_Bacill_vB_BtS_B83_NC_048762
4.29e-140
14
PP_00846
855103
855645
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00846, hypothetical
N/A
15
PP_00847
855765
855944
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00847, Gp60, phage(gi46402146), PHAGE_Klebsi_phiKO2_NC_005857
1.61e-07
Table S4. The second prophage (intact) region elements of Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 (PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068).
#
Locus
ORF
Start
ORF
Stop
Strand
Homolog/Ortholog Species
Homolog/Ortholog Protein
E-Value
1
PP_00908
918171
923060
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00908, structural protein, phage(gi985757742), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
0.0
2
attL
922221
922233
Forward
Attachment site
(AAAAACAGTTAAG)
attL
N/A
3
PP_00909
92305
7
923842
Backward
Tail protein
PP_00909, tail protein, phage(gi985757741), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
5.17e-82
4
PP_00910
923855
926965
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00910, tape measure protein, phage(gi985757740), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
0.0
5
PP_00911
927395
927727
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00911, putative tapemeasure chaperone protein, phage(gi985757738),
PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
1.41e-54
6
PP_00912
927742
928332
Backward
Tail protein
PP_00912, major tail protein, phage(gi985757737), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
6.09e-113
7
PP_00913
928348
928746
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00913, hypothetical protein, phage(gi985757736), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
1.79e-59
8
PP_00914
928743
928889
Backward
Head protein
PP_00914, head/tail component, phage(gi985757735), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
2.78e-26
9
PP_00915
929390
929776
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00915, putative DNA packaging protein, phage(gi985757733), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
7.57e-53
10
PP_00916
929933
930796
Backward
Head protein
PP_00916, capsid protein, phage(gi985757732), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
3.19e-
157
11
PP_00917
930809
931411
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00917, hypothetical protein, phage(gi985757731), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
1.09e-92
12
PP_00918
931772
932773
Backward
Head protein
PP_00918, head morphogenesis protein, phage(gi985757729), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
1.10e-178
13
PP_00919
932754
934139
Backward
Portal protein
PP_00919, portal protein, phage(gi985757728), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
0.0
14
PP_00920
934152
935231
Backward
Terminase
PP_00920, terminase large subunit, phage(gi985757727), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
0.0
15
PP_00921
935546
935953
Backward
Terminase
PP_00921, putative terminase small subunit, phage(gi571797877), PHAGE_Lactob_phiJB_NC_022775
2.68e-32
16
PP_00922
936109
936699
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00922, hypothetical protein, phage(gi281416358), PHAGE_Entero_phiFL1A_NC_013646
5.59e-31
17
PP_00923
936884
937402
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00923, transcriptional regulator, phage(gi985757774), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
1.31e-08
18
PP_00924
937580
938032
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00924, hypothetical
N/A
19
PP_00925
938061
938264
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00925, hypothetical
N/A
20
PP_00926
938288
938770
Backward
Tail protein
PP_00926, tail length tape-measure protein, phage(gi100057), PHAGE_Lactob_Lenus_NC_047897
1.12e-29
21
PP_00927
939435
939617
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00927, hypothetical protein, phage(gi937456199), PHAGE_Lactob_phiPYB5_NC_027982
1.10e-17
22
PP_00928
939621
940412
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00928, DNA replication protein, phage(gi418489432), PHAGE_Lactob_LF1_NC_019486
8.80e-123
23
PP_00929
940421
940729
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00929, putative phage replication protein, phage(gi937456197), PHAGE_Lactob_phiPYB5_NC_027982
6.32e-49
24
PP_00930
941431
941646
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00930, hypothetical
N/A
25
PP_00931
941660
942145
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00931, single-strand binding protein, phage(gi418489430), PHAGE_Lactob_LF1_NC_019486
1.12e-73
26
PP_00932
942146
942994
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00932, hypothetical protein, phage(gi418489429), PHAGE_Lactob_LF1_NC_019486
0.0
27
PP_00933
942987
943982
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00933, RecT protein, phage(gi418489428), PHAGE_Lactob_LF1_NC_019486
1.76e-157
28
PP_00934
943985
944194
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00934, hypothetical protein, phage(gi985757758), PHAGE_Lactob_LfeSau_NC_029068
1.11e-13
29
PP_00935
944229
944390
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00935, hypothetical
N/A
Table S4. The second prophage (intact) region elements of Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 (continues)
#
Locus
ORF
Start
ORF
Stop
Strand
Homolog/Ortholog Species
Homolog/Ortholog Protein
E-Value
30
PP_00936
944405
944716
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00936, hypothetical protein, phage(gi148750868), PHAGE_Lactob_LL_H_NC_009554
6.02e-08
31
PP_00937
944831
945088
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00937, hypothetical protein, phage(gi971767221), PHAGE_Brevib_Abouo_NC_029029
1.27e-07
32
PP_00938
945112
945300
Backward
Phage-like protein
PP_00938, repressor, phage(gi13095748), PHAGE_Lactoc_bIL286_NC_002667
7.61e-14
33
PP_00939
945502
945837
Forward
Phage-like protein
PP_00939, cl-like repressor phage associated, phage(gi588295084),
PHAGE_Strept_20617_NC_023503
1.37e-26
34
PP_00940
945842
946240
Forward
Phage-like protein
PP_00940, Lj965 prophage repressor-like protein, phage(gi418489418),
PHAGE_Lactob_LF1_NC_019486
8.06e-39
35
PP_00941
946426
946737
Forward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00941, hypothetical
N/A
36
PP_00942
946835
947326
Forward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00942, hypothetical
N/A
37
attR
947491
947503
Forward
Attachment site
(AAAAACAGTTAAG)
attR
N/A
38
PP_00943
947549
947692
Forward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00943, hypothetical protein, phage(gi41179289), PHAGE_Lactob_Lj928_NC_005354
1.42e-15
39
PP_00944
947854
948942
Forward
Integrase
PP_00944, phage integrase, phage(gi418489411), PHAGE_Lactob_LF1_NC_019486
4.16e-106
40
PP_00945
949203
949823
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00945, hypothetical
N/A
41
PP_00946
949941
950387
Forward
Terminase
PP_00946, terminase small subunit, phage(gi100071), PHAGE_Lactob_8014_B2_NC_047739
1.64e-21
42
PP_00947
950409
951398
Forward
Hypothetical protein
PP_00947, hypothetical protein, phage(gi100002), PHAGE_Entero_DE3_NC_042057
1.96e-14
Table S5. The third prophage (intact) region elements of Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 (PHAGE_Lactob_521B_NC_048752).
#
Locus
ORF Start
ORF Stop
Strand
Homolog/Ortholog Species
Homolog/Ortholog Protein
E-Value
1
PP_01962
1975601
1976590
Backward
Transposase
PP_01962, transposase, phage(gi56693108), PHAGE_Lactob_LP65_NC_006565
1.85e-156
2
PP_01963
1976717
1977595
Backward
Transposase
PP_01963, transposase, phage(gi971752662), PHAGE_Lactob_CL1_NC_028888
5.24e-106
3
PP_01964
1977595
1977735
Backward
Head protein
PP_01964, head morphogenesis protein, phage(gi100068), PHAGE_Bacill_Shbh1_NC_030925
6.73e-16
4
PP_01965
1977834
1978859
Forward
Transposase
PP_01965, IS30 family transposase, phage(gi15677611), PROPHAGE_Neisse_MC58
2.59e-38
5
PP_01966
1978937
1979911
Forward
Transposase
PP_01966, putative transposase, phage(gi588498272), PHAGE_Staphy_StauST398_4_NC_023499
8.43e-62
6
PP_01967
1980735
1980872
Backward
Hypothetical protein
PP_01967, hypothetical
N/A
7
PP_01968
1981118
1981669
Backward
Transposase
PP_01968, transposase, phage(gi971743568), PHAGE_Bacter_Diva_NC_028788
9.61e-25
8
PP_01970
1981762
1981914
Backward
Transposase
PP_01970, transposase, phage(gi971756981), PHAGE_Paenib_Tripp_NC_028930
1.57e-08
9
PP_01969
1982077
1982211
Forward
Hypothetical protein
PP_01969, hypothetical
N/A
10
PP_01971
1982637
1983335
Forward
Hypothetical protein
PP_01971, hypothetical
N/A
11
PP_01972
1983316
1983447
Forward
Transposase
PP_01972, transposase, phage(gi971741608), PHAGE_Paenib_Vegas_NC_028767
2.52e-06
12
PP_01973
1983673
1984347
Forward
Transposase
PP_01973, putative transposase, phage(gi9626114), PHAGE_Spirop_1_R8A2B_NC_001365
1.11e-11
13
PP_01974
1984362
1984577
Forward
Hypothetical protein
PP_01974, hypothetical protein, phage(gi371496264), PHAGE_Plankt_PaV_LD_NC_016564
5.48e-05
14
PP_01975
1984601
1985197
Forward
Transposase
PP_01975, ISxac3 transposase, phage(gi21231086), PROPHAGE_Xantho_33913
6.59e-22
15
PP_01976
1985992
1986651
Backward
Transposase
PP_01976, transposase, phage(gi971752662), PHAGE_Lactob_CL1_NC_028888
1.35e-47
16
PP_01977
1986642
1987361
Backward
Transposase
PP_01977, putative transposase, phage(gi588498272), PHAGE_Staphy_StauST398_4_NC_023499
5.41e-19
Table S6. Horizontal gene transfer confirmation of the strain AGA52 according to ProteinBLAST results of prophage regions
S/N
#
Locus
ORF
Start
ORF
Stop
Strand
Homolog/Ortholog
Species
Protein BLAST
Accession
E-value
The questionable and first prophage region elements of Limosilactobacillus fermentum strain AGA52
1
1
PP_00833
842607
844184
Backward
Tail protein
recombinase family protein [Ligilactobacillus animalis]
WP_216547624.1
0.0
2
2
PP_00834
844177
845838
Backward
Phage-like protein
MULTISPECIES: recombinase family protein
[Lactobacillaceae]
WP_094537226.1
0.0
3
4
PP_00836
846200
847078
Backward
Hypothetical protein
1,4-beta-N-acetylmuramidase [Pediococcus acidilactici]
WP_159216384.1
0.0
4
5
PP_00837
847075
847488
Backward
Phage-like protein
phage holin family protein [Limosilactobacillus reuteri]
WP_094537229.1
2,00E-91
5
7
PP_00839
848153
849331
Backward
Head protein
phage major capsid protein [Pediococcus acidilactici]
WP_159216387.1
0.0
6
9
PP_00841
850019
851284
Backward
Portal protein
phage portal protein [Pediococcus acidilactici]
WP_200835729.1
0.0
7
10
PP_00842
851313
852911
Backward
Hypothetical protein
putative phage terminase, large subunit [Limosilactobacillus
reuteri SD2112]
AEI56698.1
0.0
8
11
PP_00843
852975
853181
Backward
Hypothetical protein
MULTISPECIES: DUF5049 domain-containing protein
[Lactobacillaceae]
WP_003671984.1
1,00E-40
9
12
PP_00844
853184
853804
Backward
Hypothetical protein
MULTISPECIES: hypothetical protein [Lactobacillaceae]
WP_075140147.1
3,00E-151
10
13
PP_00845
853877
855103
Backward
Head protein
MULTISPECIES: site-specific DNA-methyltransferase
[Lactobacillaceae]
WP_003671982.1
0.0
11
14
PP_00846
855103
855645
Backward
Hypothetical protein
MULTISPECIES: P27 family phage terminase small subunit
[Lactobacillaceae]
WP_003671981.1
9,00E-133
12
15
PP_00847
855765
855944
Backward
Phage-like protein
MULTISPECIES: HNH endonuclease [Lactobacillaceae]
WP_079376308.1
6,00E-35
The second prophage (intact) region elements of Limosilactobacillus fermentum strain AGA52
13
1
PP_00908
918171
923060
Backward
Phage-like protein
TPA: MAG TPA: Minor structural protein 4 [Siphoviridae
sp.]
DAT42420.1
0.0
14
4
PP_00910
923855
926965
Backward
Phage-like protein
TPA: MAG TPA: minor tail protein [Siphoviridae sp.]
DAO43398.1
0.0
15
8
PP_00914
928743
928889
Backward
Head protein
hypothetical protein [Limosilactobacillus reuteri]
MRH08483.1
7E-27
The third prophage (intact) region elements of Limosilactobacillus fermentum strain AGA52
16
7
PP_01968
1981118
1981669
Backward
Transposase
MULTISPECIES: IS5 family transposase
[Lentilactobacillus]
WP_225425087.1
3E-27
Table S7. The predicted transposases of the Limosilactobacillus fermentum strain AGA52 genome by using
IS Finder
#
Sequences producing
significant alignments
IS Family
Group
Origin
Score
(bits)
E-value
1
ISLpl2
IS3
IS150
Lactobacillus plantarum
2438
0.0
2
ISL1
IS3
IS3
Lactobacillus casei
2405
0.0
3
IS1163
IS3
IS3
Lactobacillus sake
2252
0.0
4
ISLhe30
IS30
Lactobacillus helveticus
1580
0.0
5
ISEfm1
IS982
Enterococcus faecium
1542
0.0
6
ISLca1
IS3
IS150
Lactobacillus casei
1439
0.0
7
IS19
IS982
Lactococcus lactis
1409
0.0
8
IS153
IS3
IS3
Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis
977
0.0
9
ISLasa2
IS3
IS150
Lactobacillus salivarius
153
1,00E-33
10
ISLhe65
IS200/IS605
IS1341
Lactobacillus helveticus
89.7
2,00E-14
11
ISLpl1
IS30
Lactobacillus plantarum
83.8
1,00E-12
12
ISXne2
IS6
Xenorhabdus nematophila
75.8
3,00E-10
13
ISLjo5
IS200/IS605
IS605
Lactobacillus johnsonii
69.9
2,00E-08
14
ISMmu1
IS200/IS605
IS605
Mitsuokella multacida
63.9
1,00E-06
15
ISLre1
IS4
ISPepr1
Lactobacillus reuteri
63.9
1,00E-06
16
IS946V
IS6
Lactococcus lactis
61.9
4,00E-06
17
IS240F
IS6
Bacillus thuringiensis
60.0
2,00E-05
18
ISBth20
IS6
Bacillus thuringiensis
58.0
6,00E-05
19
ISS1Z
IS6
Lactococcus lactis
58.0
6,00E-05
20
ISS1X
IS6
Lactococcus lactis
58.0
6,00E-05
21
ISS1T
IS6
Lactococcus lactis
58.0
6,00E-05
22
ISS1S
IS6
Lactococcus lactis
58.0
6,00E-05
23
ISS1RS
IS6
Lactococcus lactis
58.0
6,00E-05
24
ISS1B
IS6
Lactococcus lactis
58.0
6,00E-05
25
ISS1A
IS6
Lactococcus lactis
58.0
6,00E-05
26
ISPp1
IS30
Pediococcus pentosaceus
58.0
6,00E-05
27
ISEcl11
IS30
Enterobacter cloacae
56.0
2,00E-04
28
ISHar2
IS3
IS3
Herminiimonas arsenicoxydans
54.0
0.001
29
ISEfa4
IS200/IS605
IS605
Enterococcus faecium
54.0
0.001
30
ISEfa9
IS3
IS3
Enterococcus faecium
52.0
0.004
31
ISDet4
IS256
Dehalococcoides ethenogenes
52.0
0.004
32
ISSne1
IS256
Sporosarcina newyorkensis
50.1
0.014
33
ISAcl1
IS30
Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus
50.1
0.014
34
ISRde1
IS3
IS51
Roseobacter denitrificans
50.1
0.014
35
ISLiv2
IS256
Listeria ivanovii
48.1
0.05
36
MITEBth2
IS6
Bacillus thuringiensis
48.1
0.05
37
ISSsu6
ISL3
Streptococcus suis
48.1
0.05
38
ISLgar5
IS256
Lactococcus garvieae
48.1
0.05
39
ISEfm2
IS256
Enterococcus faecium
48.1
0.05
40
ISEfa13
IS256
Enterococcus faecium
48.1
0.05
41
ISLhe2
ISL3
Lactobacillus helveticus
48.1
0.05
42
ISEf1
IS256
Enterococcus faecalis
48.1
0.05
43
ISRme13
IS3
IS3
Ralstonia metallidurans
48.1
0.05
44
ISAzvi9
IS3
IS3
Azotobacter vinelandii
48.1
0.05
45
IS6770
IS30
Enterococcus faecalis
48.1
0.05
Table S8. Antibiotic susceptibility test results with resistome search matches from KofamKOALA and PATRIC 3.6.12.
Antibiotic
Group
Antibiotic
Inhibition zone
diameter/status
Antibiotic Resistance Genes
KofamKOALA (ver. 2022-03-01, KEGG release 101.0)
PATRIC 3.6.12.
Gene
Product
E-value
Gene
Product
E-value
β-Lactams
Ampicillin (10 μg)
36.41mm (S)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Methicillin (5 μg)
≤14mm (R)
blaI
BlaI family transcriptional regulator, penicillinase
repressor
7e-36
-
-
-
mrcA
penicillin-binding protein 1A [EC:2.4.1.129
3.4.16.4]
1.6e-193
pbp2A
penicillin-binding protein 2A [EC:2.4.1.129
3.4.16.4]
2.4e-283
Oxacillin (1 μg)
≤14mm (R)
penP
beta-lactamase class A [EC:3.5.2.6]
3.2e-29
Penicillin G (10 U)
36.03mm (S)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Carbenicillin (100
μg)
41.52mm (S)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Amoxycillin (25 μg)
33.55mm (S)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Aminoglycosides
Streptomycin (10
μg)
≤14mm (R)
-
-
-
gidB
16S rRNA (guanine(527)-N(7))-
methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.170)
0.0
Vancomycin ( 30
μg)
≤14mm (R)
mraY
phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide-
transferase [EC:2.7.8.13]
3.1e-114
-
-
-
alr
alanine racemase [EC:5.1.1.1]
3.5e-127
ddl
D-alanine-D-alanine ligase [EC:6.3.2.4]
3.7e-108
murF
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-tripeptide--D-alanyl-D-
alanine ligase [EC:6.3.2.10]
1.5e-143
murG
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--N-acetylmuramyl-
(pentapeptide) pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol N-
acetylglucosamine transferase [EC:2.4.1.227]
6.1e-124
vanSC,
vanSE,
vanSG
two-component system, OmpR family, sensor
histidine kinase VanS [EC:2.7.13.3]
1.3e-123
Amikacin (30 μg)
≤14mm (R)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Kanamycin (30 μg)
≤14mm (R)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Macrolides
Azithromycin (15
μg)
16.82 (I)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Erythromycin (10
μg)
18.75 (I)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Tetracyclines
Tetracycline (30 μg)
19.7mm (I)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Rifamycins
Rifampicin (5 μg)
21.54mm (S)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Peptide
antibiotics
Daptomycin
Not tested
-
-
-
pgsA
CDP-diacylglycerol--glycerol-3-phosphate
3-phosphatidyltransferase (EC 2.7.8.5)
1e-134
-
-
-
mprF
L-O-lysylphosphatidylglycerol synthase
(EC 2.3.2.3)
0.0
-
-
-
gdpD
Glycerophosphoryl diester
phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.46)
0.0
Table S9. Horizontal gene transfer screening results for predicted antibiotic-resistance genes of Limosilactobacillus fermentum strain AGA52
Antibiotic
Gene
Protein BLAST result
Accession
Identity
E-Value
β-Lactams
blaI
CopY/TcrY family copper transport repressor [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_012391310.1
100%
2e-107
blaI
CopY/TcrY family copper transport repressor [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
BAW87705.1
100%
5e-102
mrcA
transglycosylase domain-containing protein [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_004563220.1
100%
0.0
pbp2A
PBP1A family penicillin-binding protein [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_014562557.1
99%
0.0
penP
serine hydrolase [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_046025459.1
100%
0.0
Streptomycin
gidB
16S rRNA methyltransferase GidB [Limosilactobacillus fermentum F-6]
AGL87999.1
100%
9e-174
Vancomycin
mraY
phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide-transferase [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_070955466.1
100%
0.0
alr
alanine racemase [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_003684030.1
100%
0.0
ddl
D-alanine--D-alanine ligase [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_003685886.1
100%
0.0
murF
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-tripeptide--D-alanyl-D-alanine ligase [Limosilactobacillus
fermentum]
WP_003686468.1
100%
0.0
murG
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide) pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol N-
acetylglucosamine transferase [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
GIC73609.1
100%
0.0
vanSC,
vanSE,
vanSG
HAMP domain-containing histidine kinase [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_100184325.1
100%
0.0
Daptomycin
pgsA
CDP-diacylglycerol--glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase [Limosilactobacillus
fermentum]
WP_003686012.1
100%
2e-124
mprF
bifunctional lysylphosphatidylglycerol flippase/synthetase MprF [Limosilactobacillus
fermentum]
WP_187703766.1
100%
0.0
gdpD
glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_111523276.1
100%
2e-166
Efflux pumps
efrA, efrE
ABC transporter ATP-binding protein/permease [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_088460398.1
99%
0.0
efrB, efrF
ABC transporter transmembrane domain-containing protein [Limosilactobacillus fermentum]
WP_236098087.1
100%
0.0
Fig S1. The graphical presentation of the possessed enzymes in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (EMP)
pathways of limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 was obtained from KEGG Mapper (Green coloured EC
numbers indicate the presence of the pathway enzymes).
Fig S2. The graphical presentation of pentose phosphate (phospoketolase) pathway (phospoketolase) enzymes of Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 was
obtained from KEGG Mapper (Green coloured EC number indicates the presence of the pathway enzymes).
Fig S3. The graphical presentation of the Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) of Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 was obtained from KEGG Mapper
(Green coloured EC number indicates the presence of the pathway enzymes).
Table S10. Comparison of carbohydrate fermentation patterns between Limosilactobacillus fermentum
AGA52 and previously studied ATCC 14931.
*ATCC 14931 studied by Buron Moles et al. 2019.
Sugar
Strain
AGA 52
ATCC 14931*
Control
-
-
Glycerol
-
-
Erythritol
-
-
D-Arabinose
-
-
L-Arabinose
-
-
D-Ribose
+
+
D-Xylose
+
-
L-Xylose
-
-
Adonitol
-
-
Methyl-βD-xylopyranoside
-
-
D-Galactose
+
+
D-Glucose
+
+
D-Fructose
+
+
D-Mannose
-
-
D-Sorbose
-
-
D-Rhamnose
-
-
Dulcitol
-
-
Inositol
-
-
D-Mannitol
-
-
D-Sorbitol
-
-
Methyl-αD-mannopyranoside
-
-
Methyl-αD-glucopyranoside
-
-
N-Acetylglucosamine
-
-
Amygdalin
-
-
Arbutin
-
-
Esculin ferric citrate
+
-
Salicin
-
-
D-Cellobiose
+
-
D-Maltose
+
+
D-Lactose
+
+
D-Melibiose
+
+
D-Sucrose
+
+
D-Trehalose
-
-
Inulin
-
-
D-Melezitose
-
-
D-Raffinose
+
+
Amidon (Starch)
-
-
Glycogen
-
-
Xylitol
-
-
Gentiobiose
-
-
D-Turanose
-
-
D-Lyxose
-
-
D-Tagatose
-
-
D-Fucose
-
-
L-Fucose
-
-
D-Arabitol
-
-
L-Arabitol
-
-
Gluconate
-
+
2-Keto-gluconate
-
-
5-Keto-gluconate
+
-
Table S11. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for the enzymes responsible for carbohydrate
metabolism.
Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00016
LDH, ldh
L-lactate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.27]
4
2
K00134
GAPDH, gapA
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
(phosphorylating) [EC:1.2.1.12]
1
3
K00161
PDHA, pdhA
pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component alpha
subunit [EC:1.2.4.1]
1
4
K00162
PDHB, pdhB
pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component beta
subunit [EC:1.2.4.1]
1
5
K00382
DLD, lpd, pdhD
dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [EC:1.8.1.4]
1
6
K00627
DLAT, aceF,
pdhC
pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component
(dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase)
[EC:2.3.1.12]
1
7
K00873
PK, pyk
pyruvate kinase [EC:2.7.1.40]
1
8
K00927
PGK, pgk
phosphoglycerate kinase [EC:2.7.2.3]
1
9
K01223
E3.2.1.86B,
bglA
6-phospho-beta-glucosidase [EC:3.2.1.86]
1
10
K01689
ENO, eno
enolase [EC:4.2.1.11]
1
11
K01785
galM, GALM
aldose 1-epimerase [EC:5.1.3.3]
1
12
K01803
TPI, tpiA
triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) [EC:5.3.1.1]
2
13
K01810
GPI, pgi
glucose-6-phosphate isomerase [EC:5.3.1.9]
3
14
K01834
PGAM, gpmA
2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent
phosphoglycerate mutase [EC:5.4.2.11]
2
15
K01835
pgm
phosphoglucomutase [EC:5.4.2.2]
1
16
K04072
adhE
acetaldehyde dehydrogenase / alcohol
dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.10 1.1.1.1]
1
17
K13953
adhP
alcohol dehydrogenase, propanol-preferring
[EC:1.1.1.1]
2
18
K25026
glk
glucokinase [EC:2.7.1.2]
1
Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00031
IDH1, IDH2,
icd
isocitrate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.42]
1
2
K00161
PDHA, pdhA
pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component alpha
subunit [EC:1.2.4.1]
1
3
K00162
PDHB, pdhB
pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component beta
subunit [EC:1.2.4.1]
1
4
K00244
frdA
fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit
[EC:1.3.5.4]
1
5
K00382
DLD, lpd, pdhD
dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [EC:1.8.1.4]
1
6
K00627
DLAT, aceF,
pdhC
pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component
(dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase)
[EC:2.3.1.12]
1
7
K01679
E4.2.1.2B,
fumC, FH
fumarate hydratase, class II [EC:4.2.1.2]
1
Table S11. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for the enzymes responsible for carbohydrate
metabolism (continues).
Pentose phosphate pathway
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00033
PGD, gnd, gntZ
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
[EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
1
2
K00036
G6PD, zwf
glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase
[EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
1
3
K00615
E2.2.1.1, tktA,
tktB
transketolase [EC:2.2.1.1]
2
4
K00616
E2.2.1.2, talA,
talB
transaldolase [EC:2.2.1.2]
1
5
K00852
rbsK, RBKS
ribokinase [EC:2.7.1.15]
3
6
K00948
PRPS, prsA
ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase
[EC:2.7.6.1]
2
7
K01619
deoC, DERA
deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase [EC:4.1.2.4]
1
8
K01621
xfp, xpk
xylulose-5-phosphate/fructose-6-phosphate
phosphoketolase [EC:4.1.2.9/ 4.1.2.22]
1
9
K01783
rpe, RPE
ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase [EC:5.1.3.1]
1
10
K01807
rpiA
ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A [EC:5.3.1.6]
2
11
K01810
GPI, pgi
glucose-6-phosphate isomerase [EC:5.3.1.9]
3
12
K01835
pgm
phosphoglucomutase [EC:5.4.2.2]
1
13
K07404
pgl
6-phosphogluconolactonase [EC:3.1.1.31]
2
14
K25031
gntK
gluconokinase [EC:2.7.1.12]
1
Pentose and glucuronate interconversions
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00065
kduD
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 5-
dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.127]
1
2
K00854
xylB, XYLB
xylulokinase [EC:2.7.1.17]
1
3
K00963
UGP2, galU,
galF
UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
[EC:2.7.7.9]
1
4
K01783
rpe, RPE
ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase [EC:5.1.3.1]
1
5
K01804
araA
L-arabinose isomerase [EC:5.3.1.4]
1
6
K01805
xylA
xylose isomerase [EC:5.3.1.5]
1
Table S11. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for the enzymes responsible for carbohydrate
metabolism (continues).
Fructose and mannose metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00847
E2.7.1.4, scrK
fructokinase [EC:2.7.1.4]
1
2
K01803
TPI, tpiA
triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) [EC:5.3.1.1]
2
3
K01805
xylA
xylose isomerase [EC:5.3.1.5]
1
4
K01809
manA, MPI
mannose-6-phosphate isomerase [EC:5.3.1.8]
1
5
K02768
fruB
fructose PTS system EIIA component
[EC:2.7.1.202]
1
6
K02769
fruAb
fructose PTS system EIIB component
[EC:2.7.1.202]
1
7
K02770
fruA
fructose PTS system EIIBC or EIIC component
[EC:2.7.1.202]
1
8
K02794
manX
mannose PTS system EIIAB component
[EC:2.7.1.191]
1
9
K02795
manY
mannose PTS system EIIC component
1
10
K02796
manZ
mannose PTS system EIID component
1
11
K17195
alsE
D-allulose-6-phosphate 3-epimerase [EC:5.1.3.-]
1
Galactose metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00849
galK
galactokinase [EC:2.7.1.6]
1
2
K00963
UGP2, galU,
galF
UTP--glucose-1-phosphate
uridylyltransferase [EC:2.7.7.9]
1
3
K00965
galT, GALT
UDPglucose--hexose-1-phosphate
uridylyltransferase [EC:2.7.7.12]
1
4
K01182
IMA, malL
oligo-1,6-glucosidase [EC:3.2.1.10]
1
5
K01190
lacZ
beta-galactosidase [EC:3.2.1.23]
2
6
K01193
INV, sacA
beta-fructofuranosidase [EC:3.2.1.26]
1
7
K01784
galE, GALE
UDP-glucose 4-epimerase [EC:5.1.3.2]
2
8
K01785
galM, GALM
aldose 1-epimerase [EC:5.1.3.3]
1
9
K01835
pgm
phosphoglucomutase [EC:5.4.2.2]
1
10
K01854
glf
UDP-galactopyranose mutase [EC:5.4.99.9]
1
11
K02775
gatC, sgcC
galactitol PTS system EIIC component
1
12
K07407
E3.2.1.22B,
galA, rafA
alpha-galactosidase [EC:3.2.1.22]
1
13
K25026
glk
glucokinase [EC:2.7.1.2]
1
Table S11. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for the enzymes responsible for carbohydrate
metabolism (continues).
Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K02821
ulaC, sgaA
ascorbate PTS system EIIA or EIIAB component
[EC:2.7.1.194]
1
2
K02822
ulaB, sgaB
ascorbate PTS system EIIB component
[EC:2.7.1.194]
1
3
K03475
ulaA, sgaT
ascorbate PTS system EIIC component
1
Starch and sucrose metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00691
mapA
maltose phosphorylase [EC:2.4.1.8]
1
2
K00847
E2.7.1.4, scrK
fructokinase [EC:2.7.1.4]
1
3
K00963
UGP2, galU,
galF
UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
[EC:2.7.7.9]
1
4
K01182
IMA, malL
oligo-1,6-glucosidase [EC:3.2.1.10]
1
5
K01193
INV, sacA
beta-fructofuranosidase [EC:3.2.1.26]
1
6
K01223
E3.2.1.86B,
bglA
6-phospho-beta-glucosidase [EC:3.2.1.86]
1
7
K01810
GPI, pgi
glucose-6-phosphate isomerase [EC:5.3.1.9]
3
8
K01835
pgm
phosphoglucomutase [EC:5.4.2.2]
1
9
K01838
pgmB
beta-phosphoglucomutase [EC:5.4.2.6]
1
10
K02761
celB, chbC
cellobiose PTS system EIIC component
1
11
K02810
scrA, sacP,
sacX, ptsS
sucrose PTS system EIIBCA or EIIBC
component [EC:2.7.1.211]
1
12
K20811
inuJ
inulosucrase [EC:2.4.1.9]
1
13
K25026
glk
glucokinase [EC:2.7.1.2]
1
Table S11. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for the enzymes responsible for carbohydrate
metabolism (continues).
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00075
murB
UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase
[EC:1.3.1.98]
1
2
K00790
murA
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxy vinyl
transferase [EC:2.5.1.7]
2
3
K00820
glmS, GFPT
glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase
(isomerizing) [EC:2.6.1.16]
1
4
K00847
E2.7.1.4, scrK
fructokinase [EC:2.7.1.4]
1
5
K00849
galK
galactokinase [EC:2.7.1.6]
1
6
K00963
UGP2, galU,
galF
UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
[EC:2.7.7.9]
1
7
K00965
galT, GALT
UDP-glucose-hexose-1-phosphate
uridylyltransferase [EC:2.7.7.12]
1
8
K01209
abfA
alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase [EC:3.2.1.55]
1
9
K01784
galE, GALE
UDP-glucose 4-epimerase [EC:5.1.3.2]
2
10
K01809
manA, MPI
mannose-6-phosphate isomerase [EC:5.3.1.8]
1
11
K01810
GPI, pgi
glucose-6-phosphate isomerase [EC:5.3.1.9]
3
12
K01835
pgm
phosphoglucomutase [EC:5.4.2.2]
1
13
K01854
glf
UDP-galactopyranose mutase [EC:5.4.99.9]
1
14
K02794
manX
mannose PTS system EIIAB component
[EC:2.7.1.191]
1
15
K02795
manY
mannose PTS system EIIC component
1
16
K02796
manZ
mannose PTS system EIID component
1
17
K03431
glmM
phosphoglucosamine mutase [EC:5.4.2.10]
1
18
K04042
glmU
bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine
pyrophosphorylase / glucosamine-1-phosphate
N-acetyltransferase [EC:2.7.7.23 2.3.1.157]
1
19
K25026
glk
glucokinase [EC:2.7.1.2]
1
Table S11. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for the enzymes responsible for carbohydrate
metabolism (continues).
Pyruvate metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00016
LDH, ldh
L-lactate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.27]
4
2
K00161
PDHA, pdhA
pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component alpha
subunit [EC:1.2.4.1]
1
3
K00162
PDHB, pdhB
pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component beta
subunit [EC:1.2.4.1]
1
4
K00244
frdA
fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit
[EC:1.3.5.4]
1
5
K00382
DLD, lpd, pdhD
dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [EC:1.8.1.4]
1
6
K00625
E2.3.1.8, pta
phosphate acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.8]
1
7
K00626
ACAT, atoB
acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.9]
1
8
K00627
DLAT, aceF,
pdhC
pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component
(dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase)
[EC:2.3.1.12]
1
9
K00873
PK, pyk
pyruvate kinase [EC:2.7.1.40]
1
10
K00925
ackA
acetate kinase [EC:2.7.2.1]
1
11
K01512
acyP
acylphosphatase [EC:3.6.1.7]
1
12
K01679
E4.2.1.2B,
fumC, FH
fumarate hydratase, class II [EC:4.2.1.2]
1
13
K01759
GLO1, gloA
lactoylglutathione lyase [EC:4.4.1.5]
1
14
K01961
accC
acetyl-CoA carboxylase, biotin carboxylase
subunit [EC:6.4.1.2 6.3.4.14]
2
15
K01962
accA
acetyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyl transferase
subunit alpha [EC:6.4.1.2 2.1.3.15]
1
16
K01963
accD
acetyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyl transferase
subunit beta [EC:6.4.1.2 2.1.3.15]
1
17
K02160
accB, bccP
acetyl-CoA carboxylase biotin carboxyl carrier
protein
2
18
K03777
dld
D-lactate dehydrogenase (quinone)
[EC:1.1.5.12]
1
19
K03778
ldhA
D-lactate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.28]
3
20
K04072
adhE
acetaldehyde dehydrogenase / alcohol
dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.10 1.1.1.1]
1
21
K13953
adhP
alcohol dehydrogenase, propanol-preferring
[EC:1.1.1.1]
2
22
K22212
mleA, mleS
malolactic enzyme [EC:4.1.1.101]
1
Table S11. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for the enzymes responsible for carbohydrate
metabolism (continues).
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00382
DLD, lpd, pdhD
dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [EC:1.8.1.4]
1
2
K00600
glyA, SHMT
glycine hydroxymethyltransferase [EC:2.1.2.1]
1
3
K00626
ACAT, atoB
acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.9]
1
4
K00865
glxK, garK
glycerate 2-kinase [EC:2.7.1.165]
1
5
K01915
glnA, GLUL
glutamine synthetase [EC:6.3.1.2]
1
6
K02437
gcvH, GCSH
glycine cleavage system H protein
1
Propanoate metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00005
gldA
glycerol dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.6]
1
2
K00016
LDH, ldh
L-lactate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.27]
4
3
K00086
dhaT
1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.202]
1
4
K00382
DLD, lpd, pdhD
dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase [EC:1.8.1.4]
1
5
K00625
E2.3.1.8, pta
phosphate acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.8]
1
6
K00925
ackA
acetate kinase [EC:2.7.2.1]
1
7
K01961
accC
acetyl-CoA carboxylase, biotin carboxylase
subunit [EC:6.4.1.2 6.3.4.14]
2
8
K01962
accA
acetyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyl transferase
subunit alpha [EC:6.4.1.2 2.1.3.15]
1
9
K01963
accD
acetyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyl transferase
subunit beta [EC:6.4.1.2 2.1.3.15]
1
10
K02160
accB, bccP
acetyl-CoA carboxylase biotin carboxyl carrier
protein
2
C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00052
leuB, IMDH
3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.85]
1
2
K01575
alsD, budA,
aldC
acetolactate decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.5]
1
3
K01652
E2.2.1.6L, ilvB,
ilvG, ilvI
acetolactate synthase I/II/III large subunit
[EC:2.2.1.6]
1
4
K01703
leuC, IPMI-L
3-isopropylmalate/(R)-2-methylmalate
dehydratase large subunit [EC:4.2.1.33 4.2.1.35]
1
5
K01704
leuD, IPMI-S
3-isopropylmalate/(R)-2-methylmalate
dehydratase small subunit [EC:4.2.1.33
4.2.1.35]
1
Table S11. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for the enzymes responsible for carbohydrate
metabolism (continues).
Inositol phosphate metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K01092
E3.1.3.25,
IMPA, suhB
myo-inositol-1(or 4)-monophosphatase
[EC:3.1.3.25]
1
2
K01803
TPI, tpiA
triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) [EC:5.3.1.1]
2
3
K22230
iolU
scyllo-inositol 2-dehydrogenase (NADP+)
[EC:1.1.1.-]
1
Butanoate metabolism
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K00004
BDH, butB
(R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase / meso-
butanediol dehydrogenase / diacetyl reductase
[EC:1.1.1.4 1.1.1.- 1.1.1.303]
1
2
K00022
HADH
3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
[EC:1.1.1.35]
1
3
K00135
gabD
succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase /
glutarate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase
[EC:1.2.1.16 1.2.1.79 1.2.1.20]
1
4
K00244
frdA
fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit
[EC:1.3.5.4]
1
5
K00626
ACAT, atoB
acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.9]
1
6
K01575
alsD, budA,
aldC
acetolactate decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.5]
1
7
K01580
E4.1.1.15,
gadB, gadA,
GAD
glutamate decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.15]
1
8
K01641
HMGCS
hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase
[EC:2.3.3.10]
1
9
K01652
E2.2.1.6L, ilvB,
ilvG, ilvI
acetolactate synthase I/II/III large subunit
[EC:2.2.1.6]
1
10
K03366
butA, budC
meso-butanediol dehydrogenase / (S,S)-
butanediol dehydrogenase / diacetyl reductase
[EC:1.1.1.- 1.1.1.76 1.1.1.304]
1
11
K04072
adhE
acetaldehyde dehydrogenase / alcohol
dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.10 1.1.1.1]
1
12
K18009
budC
meso-butanediol dehydrogenase / (S,S)-
butanediol dehydrogenase / diacetyl reductase
[EC:1.1.1.- 1.1.1.76 1.1.1.304]
1
13
K23259
adh
isopropanol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
[EC:1.1.1.80]
1
Table S12. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for ABC transporters.
ABC Transporters
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
1
K02036
pstB
phosphate transport system ATP-binding
protein [EC:7.3.2.1]
2
2
K02037
pstC
phosphate transport system permease protein
2
3
K02038
pstA
phosphate transport system permease protein
2
4
K02040
pstS
phosphate transport system substrate-binding
protein
2
5
K02071
metN
D-methionine transport system ATP-binding
protein
1
6
K02072
metI
D-methionine transport system permease
protein
1
7
K02073
metQ
D-methionine transport system substrate-
binding protein
3
8
K02424
fliY, tcyA
L-cystine transport system substrate-binding
protein
2
9
K03523
bioY
biotin transport system substrate-specific
component
1
10
K05845
opuC
osmoprotectant transport system substrate-
binding protein
1
11
K05846
opuBD
osmoprotectant transport system permease
protein
2
12
K05847
opuA
osmoprotectant transport system ATP-binding
protein [EC:7.6.2.9]
1
13
K06726
rbsD
D-ribose pyranase [EC:5.4.99.62]
1
14
K10009
tcyB, yecS
L-cystine transport system permease protein
2
15
K10010
tcyC, yecC
L-cystine transport system ATP-binding
protein [EC:7.4.2.1]
1
16
K10036
glnH
glutamine transport system substrate-binding
protein
1
17
K10037
glnP
glutamine transport system permease protein
1
18
K10038
glnQ
glutamine transport system ATP-binding
protein [EC:7.4.2.1]
1
19
K16012
cydC
ATP-binding cassette, subfamily C, bacterial
CydC
1
20
K16013
cydD
ATP-binding cassette, subfamily C, bacterial
CydD
1
Table S12. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for ABC transporters.
ABC Transporters
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy
Number
21
K16785
ecfT
energy-coupling factor transport system
permease protein
2
22
K16786
ecfA1
energy-coupling factor transport system ATP-
binding protein [EC:7.-.-.-]
1
23
K16787
ecfA2
energy-coupling factor transport system ATP-
binding protein [EC:7.-.-.-]
1
24
K16961
yxeM
putative S-methyl cysteine transport system
substrate-binding protein
1
25
K16962
yxeN
putative S-methyl cysteine transport system
permease protein
1
26
K16963
yxeO
putative S-methyl cysteine transport system
ATP-binding protein
1
27
K17077
artQ
arginine/lysine/histidine transport system
permease protein
1
28
K18887
efrA, efrE
ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B,
multidrug efflux pump
1
29
K18888
efrB, efrF
ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B,
multidrug efflux pump
1
30
K23059
artP, artI
arginine/lysine/histidine transporter system
substrate-binding protein
2
31
K23060
artR, artM
arginine/lysine/histidine transport system ATP-
binding protein [EC:7.4.2.1]
1
Table S13. KEGG (BlastKOALA) orthology search results for phosphotransferase system (PTS).
Phosphotransferase system (PTS)
#
KEGG
Entry
Symbol
Definition
Copy Number
1
K02757
bglF, bglP
beta-glucoside PTS system EIICBA
component [EC:2.7.1.-]
1
2
K02761
celB, chbC
cellobiose PTS system EIIC component
1
3
K02768
fruB
fructose PTS system EIIA component
[EC:2.7.1.202]
1
4
K02769
fruAb
fructose PTS system EIIB component
[EC:2.7.1.202]
1
5
K02770
fruA
fructose PTS system EIIBC or EIIC
component [EC:2.7.1.202]
1
6
K02775
gatC, sgcC
galactitol PTS system EIIC component
1
7
K02784
ptsH
phosphocarrier protein HPr
1
8
K02794
manX
mannose PTS system EIIAB component
[EC:2.7.1.191]
1
9
K02795
manY
mannose PTS system EIIC component
1
10
K02796
manZ
mannose PTS system EIID component
1
11
K02810
scrA, sacP,
sacX, ptsS
sucrose PTS system EIIBCA or EIIBC
component [EC:2.7.1.211]
1
12
K02821
ulaC, sgaA
ascorbate PTS system EIIA or EIIAB
component [EC:2.7.1.194]
1
13
K02822
ulaB, sgaB
ascorbate PTS system EIIB component
[EC:2.7.1.194]
1
14
K03475
ulaA, sgaT
ascorbate PTS system EIIC component
1
15
K08483
ptsI
phosphoenolpyruvate-protein
phosphotransferase (PTS system enzyme
I) [EC:2.7.3.9]
2
Table S14. Comparison of presence or absence of the key enzymes responsible for EMP (Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas), PK (phosphoketolase) and Leloir pathways
via RASTtk by descending order.
Enzyme
E.C. number
Gene copy number of the strains
AGA52
DSM 20052
ATCC 14931
SK152
YLF016
B44
IFO3956
CECT5716
6-phosphofructokinase 1
2.7.1.11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase
4.1.2.13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase
5.3.1.9
6
2
1
2
2
2
2
5
Transketolase
2.2.1.1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Phosphoketolase
4.1.2.9/4.1.2.22
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
L-arabinose isomerase
5.3.1.4
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
L-ribulose kinase
2.7.1.19
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase
5.1.3.1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
galactokinase
2.7.1.6
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
UTP--glucose-1-phosphate
uridylyltransferase
2.7.7.9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
UDP-glucose 4-epimerase
5.1.3.2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
Aldose 1-epimerase
5.1.3.3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Beta-galactosidase
3.2.1.23
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
1
Table S15. Putative probiotic and psychobiotic function-related genes are found in the genome of
Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 (CP091132.1).
Gene
Putative Function
Response
Origin
Location
Strand
Stress resistance genes
dltD (D-alanyl-lipoteichoic
acid biosynthesis protein)
d- anylation of LTA
Acid and
defensin
Resistance
L. fermentum
1643923-1645215
+
dltA (D-alanine--
poly(phosphoribitol) ligase
subunit)
d- anylation of LTA
Acid and
defensin
Resistance
L. fermentum
1640888-1642417
+
dltB, D-alanyl-lipoteichoic
acid biosynthesis protein
d- anylation of LTA
Acid and
defensin
Resistance
L. fermentum
1642417-1643643
+
xylA (Xylose isomerase)
Interconversion of D-
xylose and D-xylulose
Gut persistence
L. fermentum
723929-725278
-
NapA, L1970_03860,
Na+/H+ antiporter
Cation:proton
antiporter
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
791603-792766
+
NhaC, Na+/H+ antiporter
Cation:proton
antiporter
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
997161-998558
+
L1970_07245, NhaP-type
Na+/H+ and K+/H+ antiporter
Cation:proton
antiporter
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
1467327-1469288
-
YbiT, L1970_04860, Bis-
ABC ATPase,
ATP-binding cassette
domain-containing
protein
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
983519-985144
-
Uup, Bis-ABC ATPase
L1970_00870,
ABC-F family ATP-
binding cassette
domain-containing
protein
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
170046-171932
+
YheS, Bis-ABC ATPase,
ABC-F type ribosomal
protection protein
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
268068-270011
+
L1970_06450
cation-transport
ATPase, E1-E2 family
Bile salt
resistance
L. fermentum
1305342-1305797
-
L1970_07400, Bis-ABC
ATPase SPy1206
ATP-binding cassette
domain-containing
protein
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
1499925-1501469
-
L1970_07400, ATP synthase
epsilon chain (EC 3.6.3.14)
F0F1-type ATP
synthase
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
1499925-1501469
-
AtpD, ATP synthase beta
chain (EC 3.6.3.14)
F0F1-type ATP
synthase
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
1326339-1327760
-
L1970_06575, ATP synthase
gamma chain (EC 3.6.3.14)
F0F1-type ATP
synthase
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
1327783-1328718
-
AtpA, ATP synthase alpha
chain (EC 3.6.3.14)
F0F1-type ATP
synthase
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
1328750-1330288
-
L1970_06585, ATP synthase
delta chain (EC 3.6.3.14)
F0F1-type ATP
synthase
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
1330316-1330861
-
AtpF, ATP synthase F0 sector
subunit b (EC 3.6.3.14)
F0F1-type ATP
synthase
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
1330854-1331360
-
AtpE, ATP synthase F0 sector
subunit c (EC 3.6.3.14)
F0F1-type ATP
synthase
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
1331406-1331618
-
AtpB, ATP synthase F0 sector
subunit a (EC 3.6.3.14)
F0F1-type ATP
synthase
Acid resistance
L. fermentum
1331647-1332357
-
Immunomodulation
DltB (D-alanyl transfer
protein)
d- anylation of LTA
Anti-
inflammatory
potential in vitro
in PBMCs and
in vivo in a
murine model of
colitis
L. fermentum
1642417-1643643
+
Anti-pathogenic effect
LuxS (S-ribosylhomocysteine
lyase (EC 4.4.1.21),
Autoinducer-2 production
protein)
Autoinducer-2
production
Autoinduction
ability
L. fermentum
1607587-1608063
-
Table S15. Putative probiotic and psychobiotic function-related genes are found in the genome of
Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 (CP091132.1).
Gene
Putative Function
Response
Origin
Location
Strand
Exopolysaccharide biosynthesis responsible genes
L1970_04765
Undecaprenyl-phosphate
galactosephosphotransferase
(EC 2.7.8.6)
Sugar transferase
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
996419-967072
-
EpsC L1970_08410
Tyrosine-protein kinase
transmembrane modulator
Wzz/FepE/Etk N-
terminal domain-
containing protein
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
1713425-1714195
+
EpsD, L1970_08415
Tyrosine-protein kinase (EC
2.7.10.2)
CpsD/CapB family
tyrosine-protein kinase
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
1714212-1714955
+
L1970_08420, Manganese-
dependent protein-tyrosine
phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.48)
Exopolysaccharide
biosynthesis protein
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
1714976-1715746
+
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) synthesis responsible genes
MurJ, Flippase,
L1970_04740
Type IV ATPase
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
961163-962581
-
LtaS Type IIb,
L1970_07305, Lipoteichoic
acid synthase
LTA synthase family
protein
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
1479646-1481775
-
LafC, L1970_08010, Integral
membrane protein
Accessory function in
glycolipid and LTA
synthesis
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
1623734-1624753
-
LafB, L1970_08015
Glycosyltransferase
Formation of Gal-Glc-
DAG
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
1624755-1625780
-
LafA, L1970_08020
Glycosyltransferase
Formation of Glc-DAG
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
1625773-1626990
-
dltD (D-alanyl-lipoteichoic
acid biosynthesis protein)
d- anylation of LTA
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
1643923-1645215
+
dltA (D-alanine--
poly(phosphoribitol) ligase
subunit)
d- anylation of LTA
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
1640888-1642417
+
dltB, D-alanyl-lipoteichoic
acid biosynthesis protein
d- anylation of LTA
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
1642417-1643643
+
Putative antioxidant activity responsible genes
TrxA, L1970_00170
thioredoxin
Catalyzing electron
flux from nicotinamide
adenine dinucleotide
phosphate
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
31766-32083
+
TrxA, thioredoxin
As same as mentioned
above
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
383142-383456
-
Tpx, Thiol peroxidase, Tpx-
type (EC 1.11.1.15)
Alcohol and water
formation from organic
hydroperoxides
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
421433-421927
-
DsbA, bacterial thiol disulfide
oxidoreductase
Catalyzes intrachain
disulfide bond
formation
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
441969-442595
-
TrxB, Thioredoxin reductase
(EC 1.8.1.9)
Pyrimidine
conversions,
NAD(P)/FAD-
dependent
oxidoreductase
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
1474169-1475161
+
TrxA, thioredoxin
Catalyzing electron
flux from nicotinamide
adenine dinucleotide
phosphate
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
1488228-1488548
+
TrxB, Thioredoxin reductase
(EC 1.8.1.9)
Pyrimidine
conversions,
NAD(P)/FAD-
dependent
oxidoreductase
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
1530130-1531071
+
Table S15. Putative probiotic and psychobiotic function-related genes are found in the genome of
Limosilactobacillus fermentum AGA52 (CP091132.1).
Gene
Putative Function
Response
Origin
Location
Strand
Putative antioxidant activity responsible genes
ArsC, Arsenate reductase (EC
1.20.4.4) thioredoxin-coupled,
LMWP family
Prodution of non-toxic
organoarsenical
compounds
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
1561836-1562252
-
TrxA, thioredoxin
Catalyzing electron
flux from nicotinamide
adenine dinucleotide
phosphate
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
1946030-1946344
+
Gor, L1970_09685, Putative
glutathione reductase
Cellular control of
reactive oxygen species
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
1946498-1947829
+
nrdH, putative glutaredoxin
Reduction of
ribonucleotide
reductase class Ib
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
307953-308174
+
L1970_02430, Arsenate
reductase related protein,
glutaredoxin family
Spx/MgsR family RNA
polymerase-binding
regulatory protein
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
479278-479706
-
L1970_06355, NADH
dehydrogenase (EC 1.6.99.3)
NAD(P)/FAD-
dependent
oxidoreductase
Antioxidant
activity
L. fermentum
1286111-1287334
+
DNA and protein protection and repair
MsrB (peptide-methionine
(R)-S-oxide reductase)
Methionine sulfoxide
reductase
Persistence
capacity in vivo
L. fermentum
193260-193685
+
ClpX (ATP-dependent Clp
protease ATP-binding subunit)
Clp ATPase
(chaperone)
Acid and bile
tolerance
L. fermentum
502507-503757
+
ClpP (ATP-dependent Clp
protease proteolytic subunit)
Clp ATPase
(chaperone)
Persistence
capacity in vivo
L. fermentum
773713-774303
+
ClpC (ATP-dependent Clp
protease, ATP-binding
subunit)
Clp ATPase
(chaperone)
Acid and bile
tolerance
L. fermentum
1120468-1122972
-
ClpE (ATP-dependent Clp
protease, ATP-binding
subunit)
Clp ATPase
(chaperone)
Acid and bile
tolerance
L. fermentum
1629750-1631996
+
phageClpP (ATP-dependent
Clp protease proteolytic
subunit, L1970_04120)
Prophage Clp protease-
like protein
Persistence
capacity in vivo
L. reuterii
849351-850022
-
Active removal of stressors
gadC (glutamate: GABA
symporter)
GABA transporter
Acid tolerance
L. fermentum
1080245-1081537
-
cbh (Choloylglycine
hydrolase)
linear amide C-N
hydrolisation
Bile salt
hydrolase like
bile resistance
L. fermentum
220572-221498
+
PpaC, L1970_00970,
Manganese-dependent
inorganic pyrophosphatase
(EC 3.6.1.1)
pyrophosphatase
activity
Acid and bile
resistance
L. fermentum
191732-192664
+
Adhesion ability
NFACT family protein
WP_236098355.1
Fibronectin/fibrinogen-
binding protein
Adhesion ability
L. fermentum
517538-519223
-
srtA (Sortase A, mucus
specific LPXTG surface
adhesin)
Surface proteins
modification
Adhesion/Bile
resistance
L. fermentum
1422835-1423536
+
Psychobiotic function-related genes
+
gadB, gadA (Glutamate
decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15))
L1970_07645
pyridoxal-dependent
decarboxylase
γ-aminobutyric
acid (GABA)
synthesis
L. fermentum
1555527-1556480
-
gadC (glutamate: GABA
antiporter)
GABA transporter
GABA release
L. fermentum
1080245-1081537
-
Table S16. The bactericidal activity test results of the AGA52 against the test pathogens
Test Strain
Strain Code
Zone of Inbition (±SD)
Yersinia enterocolitica
ATCC 9610
16,99 ± 0,44
Bacillus cereus
ATCC 33019
7,47 ± 0,06
Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium
ATCC 14028
7,6 ± 0,01
Escherichia coli O157:h7
ATCC 43895
11,55 ± 0,09
Listeria monocytogenes
ATCC 7644
11,33 ± 0,38
Klebsiella prenumoniae
ATCC 13883
7,10 ± 0,2
Proteus vulgaris
ATCC 8427
8,10 ± 0,17
Fig S4. Confirmation of the GABA production by Lb. fermentum AGA52 in MRS broth environment by using
NMR Spectra. Besides, standard measurements from monosodium glutamate (MSG) and γ-aminobutyric acid
(GABA) were pefromed and both of carboxyl (-COOH) and amino (-NH2) groups can’t be found in their
respective spectra due to zwitter-ion effect. M1: CH2 (1.95 ppm), M2: CH2 (2.2 ppm), M3: CH (3.6 ppm), G1:
CH2 (1.75 ppm), G2: CH2 (2.15 ppm), and G3: CH2 (2.85 ppm).