Universidade Estadual de Goiás

Organic production systems are increasingly gaining market share; however, there are still few studies on their influence on the activity of soil microorganisms in sugarcane. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are extremely sensitive to environmental changes, and their activity can be used as a parameter of comparison and quality between organic and conventional systems. The objective of this work was to evaluate mycorrhizal activity in different varieties of sugarcane under two production systems. This work was carried out in a commercial plantation of the Jalles Machado plant in the municipality of Goianésia in Goiás, Brazil. The values of spore density in the soil, mycorrhizal colonization rate in the roots and easily extractable glomalin were evaluated, and the associated fungal species were identified. There was no effect of sugarcane variety on the number of spores or the glomalin content in the soil. The conventional system presented significantly lower mycorrhizal colonization rates than did the organic system. The varieties cultivated under the conventional planting system showed a greater diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, where 12 of the 13 different species of mycorrhizal fungi found in both cultivation systems occurred.

The increasing use of UV filters, such as benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), has raised concerns regarding their ecotoxicological effects on the aquatic environment. The aim of the present study was to examine the embryo-larval toxicity attributed to BP-3 or TiO2 NPs, either alone or in a mixture, utilizing zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model after exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of these compounds. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to BP-3 (10, 100, or 1000 ng/L) or TiO2 NPs (1000 ng/L) alone or in a mixture (BP-3 10, 100, or 1000 ng/L plus 1000 ng/L of TiO2 NPs) under static conditions for 144 hr. After exposure, BP-3 levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). BP-3 levels increased in the presence of TiO2 NPs, indicating that the BP-3 degradation decreased in the presence of the NPs. In addition, in the presence of zebrafish, BP-3 levels in water decreased, indicating that zebrafish embryos and larvae might absorb BP-3. Data demonstrated that, in general, environmentally relevant concentrations of BP-3 and TiO2 NPs, either alone or in a mixture, did not significantly induce changes in heart and spontaneous contractions frequencies, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), morphological and morphometric parameters as well as mortality rates during 144 hr exposure. However, the groups exposed to TiO2 NPs alone and in a mixture with BP-3 at 10 ng/L exhibited an earlier significant hatching rate than the controls. Altogether, the data indicates that a potential ecotoxicological impact on the aquatic environment exists.

e20124 Background: There is an ongoing debate about whether patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy should receive granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). The main concern relies on safety issues. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the safety and efficacy of prophylactic G-CSF use in patients with SCLC receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Methods: We systematically searched the MEDLINE, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases up to December 2023 for studies assessing prophylactic use of G-CSFs versus non-prophylactic use in SCLC undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. We included randomized and non-randomized clinical trials. The main safety outcomes were thrombocytopenia, febrile neutropenia, anemia, and radiotherapy toxicity. We performed statistical analysis using RevMan 5.4.1 and pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of binary outcomes. We defined a significant threshold as p-value < 0.05. We used I² statistics for heterogeneity, with I² > 25% being defined as high heterogeneity. Results: We included five studies with a total of 774 patients, of whom 322 (42%) received G-CSF prophylactically, and 452 (58%) were in the control group. The majority of patients (97.5%) presented with Limited Stage disease. The minimum follow-up period had a median duration of 16.9 months, while the maximum follow-up extended to a median of 45 months (Table). Patients in the prophylactic group had a significantly lower incidence of neutropenia (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.14-0.85; p = 0.02) than those who did not use G-CSF prophylactically. Radiotherapy toxicity (OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.63-1.53; p = 0.93) and severe hematological toxicity (grade III-IV) were similar in both groups. Hematological toxicity included thrombocytopenia (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.32-4.58; p = 0.78), febrile neutropenia (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.29-4.28; p = 0.88), and anemia (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.13-1.97; p = 0.33). Conclusions: Our systematic review and meta-analysis supports the prophylactic use of G-CSF during concurrent chemoradiotherapy for patients with SCLC. Prophylactic G-CSF promoted a significant reduction in the incidence of neutropenia without any hematologic or radiotherapy-related toxicity increase. Incorporating G-CSF prophylaxis into SCLC chemoradiotherapy regimens can be a beneficial strategy for minimizing neutropenic complications without compromising overall treatment safety. [Table: see text]

Artisan cheeses are local foods of growing interest from consumers. However, empirical knowledge of the factors that influence the purchase intention of local foods is still limited. Thus, this study aimed to analyze, through the lenses of the theory of perceived behavior and the theory of perceived risk, the factors determining the purchase intention of local consumers for these two important Brazilian artisanal cheeses. Additionally, we verified whether attitude is a mediating variable of the relationship between perceived risk and purchase intention. We collected data in person using a printed questionnaire from a sample of 343 consumers. The data were analyzed using simple correspondence analysis and structural equation modeling with least-squares estimation. The results show that attitude, social norms, perceived behavioral control, and perceived risk positively affect purchase intention, explaining 41% of the variance. Perceived risk positively influences attitude, and this operates as a viable partial mediator of the relationship between perceived risk and purchase intention. We identified that local consumers of both artisanal cheeses do not purchase the products due to a personal obligation to value the product or its producer but because they maintain close relationships with the producers, consisting of frequent direct purchases from the producers.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of pre and intraoperative lidocaine infusion on short-term recovery quality after laparoscopic bariatric surgeries. In the search across MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases, we considered randomized controlled trials comparing intravenous lidocaine vs placebo (saline) for patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Seven studies (640 patients) were included. The lidocaine group had a significantly higher recovery quality score, a lower morphine consumption, and a notably reduced rate of nausea and vomiting compared with the placebo group. Additionally, Lidocaine infusion was associated with a shorter hospital stay, while no significant difference was observed in the time to bowel function recovery between both groups. In conclusion, lidocaine infusion before and during laparoscopic bariatric surgery contributes to an enhanced quality of recovery.

Inadequate effluent disposal has caused damage to the environment worldwide. This study aimed to perform a scientometric analysis of studies exploiting fungi applied to improve the quality of effluents. We used Web of Science, Scopus and Pubmed databases to search for publications between 1980 and 2023. The pollutants and effluent quality parameters most commonly addressed in scientific literature were identified, revealing trends and gaps in the field. A correlation analysis was performed between the variables Research and Development (R&D), gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, and number of inhabitants per country to investigate whether these variables are correlated with the number of research studies in each country. In addition, a linear regression was performed to investigate the effect of the number of inhabitants per country of each country on the number of studies. A total of 11183 articles were obtained, of which 2001 were identified as related to the main topic, and then more than 30 different types of pollutants were removed, such as primarily including dyes (951), phenolic compounds (682), and heavy metals (562). Concerning effluent quality parameters, chemical oxygen demand was most frequently mentioned in the articles obtained from the literature review (620). The world’s most populous countries produce the largest number of studies related to the topic. Our results highlight the bioremediation potential importance of fungi in the scientific literature, even under inhospitable conditions for microorganisms (such as toxicity, low temperatures, and high acidity), reducing environmental damage in aquatic environments and mitigating harm to public health.

Malpighiaceae has undergone unprecedented changes in its traditional classification in the past two decades due to several phylogenetic studies shedding light on the non-monophyly of all subfamilies and most tribes and genera. Even though morphological characters were used to reconstruct the last molecular generic phylogeny of Malpighiaceae, a new classification system has never been proposed for this family. Based on a comprehensive review of the last twenty years of published studies for this family, we propose a new classification system and provide a taxonomic synopsis for Malpighiaceae based on molecular phylogenetics, morphology, palynology, and chemistry as a baseline for the systematics, conservation, and taxonomy of this family worldwide. Malpighiaceae currently comprises two subfamilies (Byrsonimoideae and Malpighioideae), 12 tribes ( Acmanthereae , Acridocarpeaetrib. nov., Barnebyeaetrib. nov., Bunchosieaetrib. nov., Byrsonimeae, Galphimieae, Gaudichaudieae, Hiptageae, Hiraeeae, Malpighieae, Mcvaughieaetrib. nov., and Ptilochaeteaetrib. nov.), 72 genera (incl. Mamedeagen. nov.), and 1,499 accepted species (715 of which are currently under some kind of extinction threat). We present identification keys for all subfamilies, tribes, and genera, a full morphological description for the proposed new genus, the re-circumscription of ten genera alongside the needed new combinations, the proposition of several new synonyms, the typification of several names, and notes on the taxonomy, distribution, conservation, and ecology up to the genus rank. Morphological plates are also provided to illustrate the immense diversity of morphological traits used in the new classification and synopsis.

The Tocantins-Araguaia River basin hosts an elevated number of fish species, and new species have been continuously described. In this basin, we investigated patterns of endemic fish species descriptions examining their association with species distribution range, altitudinal gradient, fluvial hierarchy of watercourses, and sampling effort. For each species, we collected its year of taxonomic description, geographical coordinates of its holotype, body size (a proxy for species range), fluvial hierarchy of watercourses, and both altitude and sampling effort related to the locality of the holotype. The number of taxonomic descriptions was positively correlated to sampling effort, and better-sampled regions accumulated more descriptions over time. Moreover, altitude was positively correlated to the year of species description, whereas body size was negatively correlated to it. While species with recent descriptions were more associated to first to third order streams, species with recent and older descriptions were associated to high-order rivers. Therefore, fish species with broader distributions tend to have older descriptions in regions of lower altitude, whereas species with restricted distributions recent descriptions at higher altitudes. Increasing efforts in the upper regions of the Tocantins-Araguaia basin seems to be a good and fruitful strategy for reducing the Linnean shortfall.

Background To assess the influence of diagnosis and referral provided by specialists in oral diagnosis on disease‐free survival and overall survival of patients with oral cancer. Methods A cohort of 282 patients with oral cancer treated at a regional cancer hospital from 1998 to 2016 was analyzed retrospectively. The referral register of the patients was analyzed and assigned to two groups: (1) those referred by oral diagnosis specialists ( n = 129), or (2) those referred by nonspecialized professionals ( n = 153). The cancer treatment evolution was assessed from the patients' records, and the outcome was registered concerning cancer recurrence and death. Sociodemographic and clinicopathological variables were explored as predictors of disease‐free survival and overall survival. Results Group 1 exhibited lower T stages and a reduced incidence of regional and distant metastases. Surgery was performed in 75.2% of cases in Group 1, while in Group 2, the rate was 60.8%. Advanced T stages and regional metastases reduced the feasibility of surgery. Higher TNM stages and tumor recurrence were associated with decreased disease‐free survival, while surgical intervention was a protective factor. Higher TNM stage had a negative impact on the overall survival. Conclusion Specialized oral diagnosis did not directly impact disease‐free survival and overall survival and did not influence the indication of surgery in oral cancer; however, it was associated with the diagnosis of early tumors and better prognosis.

Background: The time elapsed since HIV infection diagnosis (TdiagHIV) affects the quality of life (QoL) and can get worse when chronic illnesses start. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular risk (CVR) on the QoL of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Methods: Cross-sectional study, with 60 PLHIV followed at a Reference Center in the city of Jataí, Goiás, Brazil. Data collection involved sociodemographic, clinical, CVR, MetS, and QoL information. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with the BioEstat 5.3 program adopting p0.05. Results: There was a predominance of men (61.7%), aged ≥38 years (53.3%), with a TdiagHIV of 97.88Añ85.65 months and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) of 80.13Añ69.37 months. The worst domain of QoL was concern about confidentiality (40 points), and the best was medication concerns (95 points). MetS predominated at 18.3% and a moderate CVR at 11.7%. MetS was positively associated with age 38 years, the female sex, with the lowest score in QoL for general function, and the highest for TdiagHIV and the use of ART (p0.05). A moderate CRV was positively related to higher TdiagHIV and ART use, and low HDL-c, and the lowest score for QoL was found for trust in a professional (p0.05). Conclusion: PLHIV who are older, have a higher TdiagHIV, and use ART are more likely to develop MetS and moderate CVR. The presence of these diseases in PLHIV causes impairment in areas of QoL.

One of the main stages in bubalinoculture is breeding calves, because this phase is defined by the quality of the animals that will be the future property matrices. The breeding phase extends from birth to weaning, and is delicate and precise; consequently, attending to characteristics of extreme importance in dairy farming activity such as behavioral and health aspects will aid these animals to express all of their genetic potential. Since this life phase of the animal does not generate immediate economic return to the producer, it ends up not receiving the necessary attention, contributing to low zootechnical indices and high production costs. Adopting adequate management practices is essential for the productive development of the animal that will guarantee the future good productivity of the farm. In view of the above, the objective of this study is to present the management of buffalo calves through a literature review, emphasizing that proper feeding, correct management and disease prevention are fundamental to ensuring the well-being and health of calves. These factors, together with a clean and safe environment, can maximize the productive potential of these animals. It is therefore essential that producers are well-informed and prepared to properly care for these animals during this crucial phase of their lives. Keywords dairy activity; buffaloes; create; animal development

Estudos sobre a formação em Práticas Integrativas e Complementares têm se concentrado na análise curricular dos cursos da Saúde e as pesquisas abrangendo as percepções dos profissionais a respeito dos processos formativos devem ser mais elucidadas. O estudo objetiva identificar os processos de formação e capacitação dos profissionais ofertantes de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de uma região metropolitana. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa. Realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com 45 profissionais, as quais foram posteriormente analisadas segundo a Análise de Conteúdo Temática. As pós-graduações, graduação, formações em serviço e o ensino privado foram as trajetórias adotadas pelos profissionais, revelando a existência de uma formação difusa para a oferta no cenário investigado. Esses resultados podem subsidiar o planejamento de estratégias educacionais para a ordenação dos recursos humanos em Práticas Integrativas e Complementares.

Environmental changes directly influence quality of life, and environmental protection laws arise to ensure the maintenance of ecological balance. Aquatic environments have been contaminated by substances of anthropic origin, which are called effluents. Improper disposal of effluents has adverse effects on the environment and human health. In Brazilian legislation, the resolutions of the National Council for the Environment (CONAMA) RE 357/2005 and RE 430/2011 address the use of indicator species to evaluate the effluents’ toxicity. Despite these, much still needs to be done to control and monitor the emission of effluents in Brazilian water resources. The objective of this work was to carry out a historical survey of the regulations on the disposal of effluents in Brazil and to show the differences in each state's regulations, highlighting the indicator species accepted in each regulation and their advantages and disadvantages. In this way, this review summarizes and organizes the information of the Brazilian legislation on the disposal of effluents and helps the researcher in the area to choose between the methodologies adopted for the analysis of their environmental samples. Despite the insertion of bioassays, it is evident that the current Brazilian legislation is permissive, requiring adaptations and definitions to increase adherence to the ecotoxicological monitoring of water resources by the States. Keywords: bioassays; CONAMA; ecotoxicological assays; Brazilian legislation

Introduction: Justicia pectoralis Jacq. is traditionally applied in folk medicine in Brazil and in several Latin American countries. The leaves are used in tea form, especially in the treatment of respiratory disorders, acting as an expectorant. It also has activity in gastrointestinal disorders, and it is anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, sedative, and estrogenic, among others. Aims: To investigate the gastroprotective activity of the methanol extract of the leaves of Justicia pectoralis Jacq. (MEJP) in different experimental models of gastric ulcers. Materials and methods: The adult leaves of Justicia pectoralis Jacq. were collected and cultivated in beds, with an approximate spacing of 40 × 40 cm, organic fertilization, irrigation with potable water and without shelter from light. The MEJP was prepared from the dried and pulverized leaves and concentrated under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator. For the experimental model of gastric ulcer, Swiss male albino mice were used. The inputs used in the experiment were MEJP at three different concentrations (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg p.o.), cimetidine (50 mg/kg p.o.), indomethacin (50 mg/kg s.c.) and vehicle (10 mL/kg p.o.). Results: MEJP (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg p.o.) demonstrated gastroprotective activity, with levels of protection of 45.65%, 44.80% and 40.22%, respectively, compared to the control (vehicle). Compared with cimetidine (48.29%), MEJP showed similar gastroprotective activity. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the gastroprotective activity of MEJP and contributes to validate the traditional use the species for gastric disorders and provides a pharmacological basis for its clinical potential.

The article aims to consolidate data on physical education (PE) training in Brazil from 1995 to 2020. It analyzed the main sources available on these data as well as those used by the scientific literature in the field of PE and built indicators for data extraction establishing as a database the Statistical Synopses of Higher Education, of the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira. The results indicate a significant discrepancy between the data from the Statistical Synopses and those from the literature, since a significant portion of the articles that present data on PE courses contain methodological problems, by not indicating the sources, procedures and not using adequate filters to determine the data found. There was an expansion of training in PE in the period, which in 2020 had a higher number of enrollments in distance learning (DL) courses and bachelor's degree programs courses become the majority from 2019. With the creation of distance courses, only the indicator of the number of courses is not the most appropriate to analyze the growth of training, which should be combined with others such as modality, enrollment, and graduation. Since the beginning of the elaboration of the Statistical Synopsis, in 1995, the number of courses and their indicators were increasing, but in 2017 the number of courses and enrollments began to decrease, which may indicate a saturation in the demand for training in PE.

Resumo O artigo tem como objetivo consolidar dados referentes à formação em Educação Física (EF) no Brasil no período de 1995 a 2020. Para essa análise, foram utilizadas as principais fontes disponíveis sobre esses dados, tanto na literatura científica sobre Educação Física, quanto nas Sinopses Estatísticas da Educação Superior fornecidas pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP). Os resultados, indicam discrepância significativa entre os dados das Sinopses Estatísticas com os dados encontrados na literatura disponível, evidenciando problemas metodológicos, em uma parcela considerável dos artigos que tratam dos cursos de EF. Estes artigos omitem fontes, procedimentos e não utilizam filtros adequados na obtenção de dados. Durante o período analisado, houve expansão da formação em Educação Física, especialmente no ano de 2020, quando o número de matrículas em cursos à distância se sobressaiu e a predominância dos cursos de bacharelado, que se tornou maioria a partir de 2019. A criação dos cursos à distância, demanda revisão dos indicadores de crescimento da formação em EF, os quais devem considerar o número de cursos, a modalidade, as matrículas e os concluintes. Apesar do crescimento constante nos indicadores desde o início da elaboração da Sinopse Estatística em 1995, houve uma diminuição no número de cursos e matrículas a partir de 2017, sugerindo um possível saturamento na procura por formação em Educação Física.

Cellulite, a perceived alteration in skin topography, is predominantly found in adipose tissue-rich body regions such as the hips, buttocks, thighs, and abdomen. Contrary to common belief, the etiology and pathophysiology of cellulite are not well-established or universally agreed upon. This lack of understanding about the actual etiology of cellulite directly influences the selection of suitable treatments that can address both the aesthetic and inflammatory aspects of the condition. Various treatment methods, including electrophysical agents like electric currents, radiofrequency, ultrasound, and photobiomodulation, have been tested. However, the questionable methodological quality of many studies complicates the determination of effective treatments for cellulite. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of clinical studies that utilized electrophysical agents in cellulite treatment. Methods: We employed the PICO (population, intervention, control, and outcome) process to develop our search strategy and establish inclusion/exclusion criteria. We searched five databases: Medline, Central, Scopus, Lilacs, and PEDro, for studies conducted between 2001 and July 2021 that involved cellulite treatment with electrophysical agents. To ensure systematicity and guide study selection, we adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Our initial search yielded 556 articles: 379 from Medline, 159 from Central, and 18 from Lilacs. After applying our inclusion criteria, only 32 studies remained. Of these, only two (6.2%) were evaluated as having strong and good methodology via the QualSyst tool. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the quality of evidence from clinical studies on the use of electrophysical agents for cellulite treatment remains subpar. Further studies with robust experimental designs and more precise assessment techniques are necessary. While our study does not refute the effectiveness of the techniques used for cellulite treatment, it underscores the need for additional well-designed trials.

The advancement in the development of second-generation drugs in the field of antihistamines represents a significant milestone in the management of allergic diseases, targeting the effects of histamine. The efficacy of bilastine in treating allergic disorders has sparked interest in investigating its polymorphism, a crucial property that impacts quality, safety, and effectiveness as per regulatory guidelines. This study examines the polymorphism of bilastine, focusing on two crystalline forms labeled as Form I and Form II. Utilizing advanced analytical techniques, the research explores the structural characteristics and molecular interactions within these forms. Geometric parameters, such as bond lengths, bond angles, and torsion angles, are examined to comprehend molecular conformations and crystal packing arrangements. Hydrogen bonding, covalent bonds, and van der Waals forces contribute to the unique supramolecular arrangements in these forms. This study provides a significant contribution to understanding bilastine’s polymorphism, offering critical insights to researchers and regulatory bodies to ensure the quality, efficacy, and safety of antihistamine products. The molecular conformation of two bilastine forms was obtained through DFT with the exchange–correlation functional M06-2X and the 6–311 + + G(d,p) basis set, and the results were compared with the experimental X-ray. The atomic coordinates were obtained directly from the crystalline structures, and charge transfer was also investigated using frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO), and MEP map in order to evaluate the energies associated with charge transfers and regions of high electron affinity. The geometric and topological parameters and intermolecular interactions in the crystals were analyzed using Hirshfeld Surface.