Instituto Tecnológico de Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa

Almost a third of the admissions due to MM (multiple myeloma) consultation already have some degree of disabling bone lesion. Five percent of the patients evaluated in the outpatient clinic require hospitalization during the first three months after starting the follow-up due to intense tumor activity, pneumonia, other septic processes, fractures, renal failure, hypercalcemia, and anemia. Kidney disease is one of the most frequent complications in patients with MM. The multidisciplinary team evaluates the patient for the first time, and a protocol is initiated to remit the patient for algological management, management of bone disease, repair of damage due to bone disease, minimizing the risk of serious infections, nutritional support, rehabilitation, and transplanting the patient. This Oncoguía de apoyo integral en mieloma múltiple 2023 (Guidelines for Comprehensive Support for Multiple Myeloma 2023) presents the measures for the prevention and treatment of bone disease as well as the criteria for radiotherapy in symptomatic bone lesions, indications for improving function and quality of life, with the analgesic effect of vertebrocementoplasty, oncological orthopedics, considerations on thrombosis and hemostasis, rehabilitation and palliative care in MM.

Museums have exhibition halls where visitors can perform activities to learn about various areas of knowledge. Taking advantage of mobile devices’ popularity, museums implement applications based on augmented reality technology so that visitors can live a unique experience. This work presents a mobile application called DinoApp based on Google AR Foundation ARCore technology that uses augmented reality with markers and without markers using ground detection. The visitor can explore the different 3D models, visualize a descriptive card of each extinct creature, learn about the most principal features of dinosaurs, listen to their sounds, design their scenario, and capture a memento, thus living a unique and enriching experience.

The present study implements a methodology to estimate water quality values using statistical tools and remote sensing techniques in a tropical water body Sanalona. Linear regression models developed by Box-Cox transformations and processed data from LANDSAT-8 imagery (bands) were used to estimate TOC, TDS, and Chl-a of the Sanalona reservoir from 2013 to 2020 at five sampling sites measured every 6 months. A band discriminant analysis was carried out to statistically fit and optimize the proposed algorithms. Coefficients of determination beyond 0.9 were obtained for these water quality parameters (r²TOC = 0.90, r²TDS = 0.95, and r²Chl-a = 0.96). A comparison between the estimated and observed water quality was carried out using different data for validation. The validation of the models showed favorable results with R²TOC = 0.8525, R²TDS = 0.8172, and R²Chl-a = 0.9256. The present study implemented, validated, and compared the results obtained by using an ordered and standardized methodology proposed for the estimation of TOC, TDS, and Chl-a values based on water quality parameters measured in the field and using satellite images.

In this study, the synthesis and characterization of the TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 nanoparticles were carried out and their influence on the oxidation of organic matter of domestic wastewater was evaluated using a heterogeneous photocatalytic system. The TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol–gel method and the chemical reduction method. The nanoparticles were characterized by four different techniques (X-ray diffractometry, UV–Vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy). The importance of the synthesized nanoparticles in the treatment of residual water was evaluated using a photocatalysis process with UV light (λ = 254 nm). Raw domestic wastewater generated at the local university was used. Due to the complexity of the wastewater composition, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) was used to evaluate the oxidation of organic matter in the photocatalytic system. Three different concentrations of TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 were evaluated: 0.25, 0.5 and 1 g L−1. The photocatalysis process achieved a maximum degradation of 68% and 77% when using TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 after 2 h operation. A maximum kinetic rate value of 0.013 min−1 was obtained when Ag/TiO2 was used as a catalyst, like the observed in other advanced oxidation processes.

Background Knowing the anatomy of the ribs is crucial for understanding various rib procedures. The present study is aimed at describing radiological measurements and ratios of 83 Latin American patients undergoing thoracoabdominal computed tomography (CT). Methods A total of 83 thoracoabdominal computed tomography scans of women aged 18–35 conducted at a medical center in Lima, Peru, were reviewed from January 2022 to January 2023. The resulting measurements and ratios were used to calculate frequency distributions. All data were stored in a Microsoft Excel database and analyzed using statistical analysis software SPSS version 28. Results Ratios and measures of the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth ribs are shown in the different tables, and costal characteristics with an adequate statistical significance are defined. Conclusions Using radiological measurements and rib ratios, we were able to find key anatomical relationships with an adequate level of significance, which could help establish objective results in rib procedures.

Clinical capacity for sustainability, or the clinical resources needed to sustain an evidence-based practice, represent proximal determinants that contribute to intervention sustainment. We examine the relationship between clinical capacity for sustainability and sustainment of PEWS, an evidence-based intervention to improve outcomes for pediatric oncology patients in resource-variable hospitals. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among Latin American pediatric oncology centers participating in Proyecto Escala de Valoración de Alerta Temprana (EVAT), an improvement collaborative to implement Pediatric Early Warning Systems (PEWS). Hospitals were eligible if they had completed PEWS implementation. Clinicians were eligible to participate if they were involved in PEWS implementation or used PEWS in clinical work. The Spanish-language survey consisted of 56 close and open-ended questions about the respondent, hospital, participants’ assessment of clinical capacity to sustain PEWS using the clinical sustainability assessment tool (CSAT), and perceptions about PEWS and its use as an intervention. Results were analyzed using a multi-level modeling approach to examine the relationship between individual, hospital, intervention, and clinical capacity determinants to PEWS sustainment. A total of 797 responses from 37 centers in 13 countries were included in the analysis. Eighty-seven percent of participants reported PEWS sustainment. After controlling for individual, hospital, and intervention factors, clinical capacity was significantly associated with PEWS sustainment (OR 3.27, p < .01). Marginal effects from the final model indicate that an increasing capacity score has a positive influence (11% for every additional CSAT point) of predicting PEWS sustainment. PEWS is a sustainable intervention and clinical capacity to sustain PEWS contributes meaningfully to PEWS sustainment.

This paper evaluates the photocatalytic degradation of malathion using titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles supported on sodium alginate (SA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) polymer beads and ultraviolet light as irradiation source with a wavelength of 254 nm. Six different types of beads were prepared: SA, PVA, PVP, SA/TiO2, PVA/TiO2, and PVP/TiO2 to assess the effect of the adsorbent material on the photodegradation process by optimizing an experimental design using the Taguchi method. Four factors were considered: TiO2 concentration, bead mass, polymer type, and initial malathion concentration. The response variables were the percentage of removal of the contaminant and the removal rate calculated from the first-order kinetic models. A malathion degradation of 99% was achieved after 180 min of operation when using 100 g and 200 g of SA/TiO2, PVA/TiO2, and PVP/TiO2 beads. The best operating conditions were 1 g L−1 of TiO2, 100 g of bead mass, SA polymer, and 5 mg L−1 of malathion initial concentration. This study found that the adsorption process affected negatively the photodegradation process, reducing the removal efficiency and rate. Finally, the feasibility of the use of a biopolymer-enhanced photocatalytic treatment to degrade agro-industrial contaminants was demonstrated.

Cannabis, the most prevalent drug in Latin America, has long been associated with the state of Sinaloa, Mexico, known for its cultivation and distribution. Despite increasing global acceptance, cannabis use remains stigmatized in Mexican society, driven by perceptions of it as a highly psychoactive and addictive substance lacking medicinal or industrial value. This study investigates the impact of scientific information on societal perceptions of cannabis in Sinaloa. A large convenience sample of 3162 individuals from Sinaloa participated in this research, responding to a questionnaire on cannabis consumption and attitudes. Participants were then subjected to an intervention consisting of an informative briefing based on the documents "Using Evidence to Talk About Cannabis" and "State of the Evidence: cannabis use and regulation" by the International Centre for Science in Drug Policy. After the intervention, participants' attitudes were immediately reevaluated through the same questionnaire, allowing for a comparison of pre-and post-intervention responses. The results indicate that the intervention (providing scientific information) significantly influenced attitudes toward cannabis, with education and age playing prominent roles in its effectiveness. Notably, the intervention fostered more positive or more neutral attitudes, potentially reducing stigma and promoting a better-informed perspective on cannabis. This study highlights the pivotal role of evidence in shaping informed citizens' views, while underscoring the importance of countering misinformation for societal progress. These findings have significant implications for forthcoming cannabis policy modifications in Mexico, emphasizing the necessity of engaging knowledgeable individuals in policy decisions to address the violence and inequalities associated with the illicit drug trade, particularly in Sinaloa.

Leishmania mexicana is one of the causal agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Current antileishmanial chemotherapeutics have demonstrated adverse side effects; thus, alternative treatments are needed. In this study, we performed in silico and in vitro analyses of the leishmanicidal potential of the most abundant phenolic compounds identified in black sesame sprouts biostimulated with Bacillus clausii. The molecular docking analysis showed strong interactions (binding free energies between −6.5 and −9.5 kcal/mol) of sesaminol 2-O-triglucoside, pinoresinol dihexoside, isoverbascoside and apigenin with the arginase, leishmanolysin, cysteine peptidase B, and pyruvate kinase leishmanial enzymes. Furthermore, almost all phenolic compounds interacted with the active site residues of L. mexicana enzymes. In vitro, the B. clausii-biostimulated sprout phenolic extracts and apigenin inhibited the growth of promastigotes with IC50 values of 0.08 mg gallic acid equivalent/mL and 6.42 μM (0.0017 mg/mL), respectively. Additionally, in the macrophage infection model, cells treated with B. clausii-biostimulated sprout phenolic extracts and infected with L. mexicana exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) reduced nitric oxide production and decreased parasite burden. Altogether, our study provides important data related to high efficacy and less toxic natural anti-leishmanial candidates against promastigotes of L. mexicana.

Introduction: We describe an outbreak of Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) infection in the neonatal intensive care unit at Women's Hospital in Sinaloa, Mexico. Methods: In April 2021, an outbreak of S. marcescens infection was identified. A case was identified as any patient who tested positive for S. marcescens and showed signs of an infectious process. Results: S. marcescens was isolated from the blood cultures of 15 neonates with clinical signs of neonatal sepsis. Statistical analysis showed that all neonates had an invasive medical device. The problem was controlled after hospital hygiene and sanitation measures were strengthened. Conclusion: The study provides evidence of an outbreak of nosocomial bacteremia due to the cross-transmission of S. marcescens. The findings highlight the need for hospitals to implement strict hygiene measures, especially regarding hand washing, to prevent future outbreaks.

Las instituciones educativas llevan a cabo un papel relevante para la asignación de valor en las organizaciones a través de la formación de profesionistas, futuros emprendedores y colaboradores. Se presenta una investigación con estudiantes de nivel superior quienes tienen habilidades digitales y en general una actitud favorable hacia ellas. Sin embargo, se observan dificultades en el desarrollo de competencias digitales requeridas en tareas académicas. Se estudió el constructo Autoeficacia de la teoría cognitivo social como factor que afecta la relación de las Actitudes hacia las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) y el desarrollo de Competencias Digitales en jóvenes de diversos programas educativos e instituciones de nivel superior. Se aplicó una metodología preponderantemente cuantitativa con diseño no experimental y alcance de correlación que incluyó escalas Likert para recoger información. Los resultados mostraron correlaciones positivas de fuertes a medias en todas las relaciones; y medias de las variables superiores al valor medio de las escalas. Lo anterior tendrá implicaciones hacia la implementación de estrategias didácticas mejor enfocadas para lograr aprendizajes que favorezcan las competencias exigidas a los profesionistas en el complejo mundo globalizado.

Floods are one of the most frequent, dangerous natural disasters globally. During the period from 1990 to 2020, more than 50% of the world's recorded disasters were related to floods. This problem stems largely from the inadequate planning and economic circumstances of human settlements in flood-prone plains. Geospatial modelling can be a powerful tool for large-scale flood modelling. The hydrological and hydraulic models theory, GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation techniques, and machine learning algorithms for flood simulation are presented. The most used techniques and methodologies for the geospatial simulation of floods in the last decade are presented. This paper also shows the input data requirements and the algorithms used for each geospatial technique and a description of the tools and some relevant examples of geospatial flood studies are given. A comprehensive assessment of the characteristics of the flood models is presented based on its modelling approach, either for flood susceptibility, hazard, vulnerability, or risk.

Introduction: The main objective of the Informed Health Choices (IHC) project is to teach people to assess treatment claims and make informed health choices. For this purpose, the IHC learning resources were developed for primary school children. The aim of this study is to explore students' and teachers' experience when using the IHC resources in primary schools in Barcelona (Spain). Methods: We conducted a mixed methods study for piloting the IHC resources in a convenience sample of primary schools in Barcelona. The intervention included a workshop with teachers, and nine lessons with students. We collected data using multiple approaches. We performed quantitative and qualitative analyses, and integrated the findings in a joint display. Finally, we formulated recommendations for using the IHC resources in this setting. Results: Two schools, with a total of 143 students in 4th and 5th grade and six teachers, participated in the study. One school followed the suggested IHC teaching plan and competed all the lessons; the other school modified the plan substantially and did not complete all the lessons. Overall, students and teachers from both schools understood, were interested in, and were able to apply the content of the lessons. During the lessons, the textbook was useful for students; nevertheless, for the teachers, the usefulness of the IHC resources was variable. Teachers adapted the IHC resources to increase student participation and used Information and Communications Technologies tools. We observed more facilitators than barriers to teach the lessons. The teachers suggested some ideas to improve the lessons based on activities they developed and implemented. The integration analysis showed great convergence of the quantitative and qualitative findings. We propose seven recommendations for using the IHC resources in this setting. Conclusions: Students and teachers from primary schools in Barcelona showed a positive experience when using IHC resources; however, these resources should be adapted to promote classroom participation.

Background: Paediatric early warning systems (PEWS) aid in the early identification of clinical deterioration events in children admitted to hospital. We aimed to investigate the effect of PEWS implementation on mortality due to clinical deterioration in children with cancer in 32 resource-limited hospitals across Latin America. Methods: Proyecto Escala de Valoración de Alerta Temprana (Proyecto EVAT) is a quality improvement collaborative to implement PEWS in hospitals providing childhood cancer care. In this prospective, multicentre cohort study, centres joining Proyecto EVAT and completing PEWS implementation between April 1, 2017, and May 31, 2021, prospectively tracked clinical deterioration events and monthly inpatient-days in children admitted to hospital with cancer. De-identified registry data reported between April 17, 2017, and Nov 30, 2021, from all hospitals were included in analyses; children with limitations on escalation of care were excluded. The primary outcome was clinical deterioration event mortality. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were used to compare clinical deterioration event mortality before and after PEWS implementation; multivariable analyses assessed the correlation between clinical deterioration event mortality and centre characteristics. Findings: Between April 1, 2017, and May 31, 2021, 32 paediatric oncology centres from 11 countries in Latin America successfully implemented PEWS through Proyecto EVAT; these centres documented 2020 clinical deterioration events in 1651 patients over 556 400 inpatient-days. Overall clinical deterioration event mortality was 32·9% (664 of 2020 events). The median age of patients with clinical deterioration events was 8·5 years (IQR 3·9-13·2), and 1095 (54·2%) of 2020 clinical deterioration events were reported in male patients; data on race or ethnicity were not collected. Data were reported per centre for a median of 12 months (IQR 10-13) before PEWS implementation and 18 months (16-18) after PEWS implementation. The mortality rate due to a clinical deterioration event was 1·33 events per 1000 patient-days before PEWS implementation and 1·09 events per 1000 patient-days after PEWS implementation (IRR 0·82 [95% CI 0·69-0·97]; p=0·021). In the multivariable analysis of centre characteristics, higher clinical deterioration event mortality rates before PEWS implementation (IRR 1·32 [95% CI 1·22-1·43]; p<0·0001), being a teaching hospital (1·18 [1·09-1·27]; p<0·0001), not having a separate paediatric haematology-oncology unit (1·38 [1·21-1·57]; p<0·0001), and having fewer PEWS omissions (0·95 [0·92-0·99]; p=0·0091) were associated with a greater reduction in clinical deterioration event mortality after PEWS implementation; no association was found with country income level (IRR 0·86 [95% CI 0·68-1·09]; p=0·22) or clinical deterioration event rates before PEWS implementation (1·04 [0·97-1·12]; p=0·29). Interpretation: PEWS implementation was associated with reduced clinical deterioration event mortality in paediatric patients with cancer across 32 resource-limited hospitals in Latin America. These data support the use of PEWS as an effective evidence-based intervention to reduce disparities in global survival for children with cancer. Funding: American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities, US National Institutes of Health, and Conquer Cancer Foundation. Translations: For the Spanish and Portuguese translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

Objective: To evaluate the differences and similarities in clinical picture, laboratory findings and outcomes between children’s with Kawasaki Disease (KD) versus multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). Methods: We conducted a retrospective, comparative study from children with Kawasaki Disease (KD) hospitalized in Sinaloa Pediatric Hospital from January 1, 2004, to March 31, 2020, and patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) according with World Health Organization (WHO) case definition criteria between May 1, 2020 and May 31, 2021. Demographic characteristics, epidemiological data, clinical features, laboratory findings, type of treatment and clinical outcomes were compared among both groups. Results: Eighty-one patients were included (62 patients with KD and 19 with MIS-C). several clinical and laboratory differences were found among these two entities. Median age was lower in KD vs. MIS-C (25 vs 79 months). Mucocutaneous features (93.5 vs. 63.2%): Oral changes (83.9 vs. 63.2%) and extremity changes (77.4 vs. 57.9%). Neurological symptoms (63.1 vs. 11.2%), kidney involvement (52.6 vs. 16.1%). Lymphocyte count (2.07 + 2.03 vs. 4.28 + 3.01/mm3), platelet count (197.89 + 187.51 vs. 420.37 + 200.08/mm3). KD vs. MIS-C types of Treatment: IVIG (96.8 vs. 94.7%), systemic steroids (4.82 vs. 94.7%), IVIG resistance (19.4 vs. 15.8). Finally, mortality in KD was 0% and 5.3% in MIS-C. Conclusion: Significant differences such as severity of clinical presentation with multi-organ involvement and worst inflammatory response were found more frequently in MIS-C group than KD group, requiring more fluid replacement, use of inotropic agents and higher steroids dosages. Also, mortality rate was higher in patients with MIS-C than patients with KD.

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignant B-cell neoplasm of the blood that constitutes 1 % of all human neoplasms and 10 % of all hematologic ones. The diagnosis of MM does not require the presence of symptoms; damage to end organs or the presence of other events is enough. These cancer guidelines show the revised IMWG (International Myeloma Working Group) criteria for the diagnosis of MM. The introduction of new MM therapies over the past decade, such as proteasome inhibitors, has significantly improved treatment outcomes in newly diagnosed patients. An algorithm and proposed management schemes are included. Despite the appearance of new agents for the treatment of MM, autologous transplantation remains the standard of care in newly diagnosed patients.

Bacterial wilt caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is a major disease of solanaceous crops worldwide. In May 2022, symptoms of wilting, yellowing, and reduced growth were observed on eggplant (Solanum melongena) cv. Barcelona in a commercial greenhouse located in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. The disease incidence was recorded up to 30%. Sections of stems from diseased plants showed discoloration of the vascular tissue and the pith. Colonies with typical RSSC morphology were isolated from five eggplant stems on Petri plates containing casamino acid-peptone-glucose (CPG) medium supplemented with 1% 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TZC), and incubated at 25°C for 48-h (Schaad et al. 2001; Garcia et al. 2019). On CPG medium + TZC, white and irregular colonies with pinkish centers were observed. On King's B medium, mucoid and white colonies were produced. The strains were Gram-negative in the KOH test and were nonfluorescent on King's B medium. Strains were positive using commercial Rs ImmunoStrip® (Agdia, USA). For molecular identification, DNA was extracted, and the partial endoglucanase gene (egl) was amplified by PCR and sequenced using the primer pair Endo-F/Endo-R (Fegan and Prior 2005). BLASTn searches showed 100% identity with available sequences of R. pseudosolanacearum from Musa sp. in Colombia (MW016967) and from Eucalyptus pellita in Indonesia (MW748363, MW748376, MW748377, MW748379, MW748380, MW748382). To confirm the bacterial identity, DNA was amplified with the primers 759/760 (Opina et al. 1997) and Nmult21:1F/Nmult22:RR (Fegan and Prior 2005) to generate 280 and 144-bp amplicons for RSSC and phylotype I (= R. pseudosolanacearum), respectively. A phylogenetic analysis was performed using the Maximum Likelihood method and the strain was distinguished as R. pseudosolanacearum sequevar 14. The strain (CCLF369) is currently preserved in the Culture Collection of the Research Center for Food and Development (Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico) and the sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession number OQ559102). Pathogenicity tests were performed by injection of 20-μl of a bacterial suspension (108 CFU/ml) at the base of the stem of five eggplants cv. Barcelona. Five plants inoculated with sterile distilled water were used as control. Plants were kept in a greenhouse at 28/37°C (night/day) for 12 days. All inoculated plants exhibited wilting, chlorosis, and necrosis of leaves between 8 and 11 days after inoculation, whereas control plants remained asymptomatic. The bacterial strain was only isolated from symptomatic plants and confirmed to be R. pseudosolanacearum using the molecular techniques mentioned above, fulfilling Koch´s postulates. Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum has been previously reported to cause bacterial wilt of tomato in Sinaloa, Mexico (García-Estrada et al. 2023); however, to our knowledge, this is the first report of R. pseudosolanacearum infecting eggplant in Mexico. Further studies on epidemiology and management strategies for this disease are required on vegetable crops in Mexico.