Federation University Australia

Three-level T-type shunt active power filter (3LT²SAPF) has been widely used to improve the power quality of power grid under nonlinear load, and their harmonic compensation performance and reliability have been widely noticed. Model predictive control (MPC) offers the advantage of convenient multi-objective optimization, quick response and a simple principle. However, once the parameter mismatch occurs due to some reasons (e.g., temperature change, noise from the sensors, etc.), the output performance of MPC system will be seriously deteriorated, sometimes may even endanger the system stability. Moreover, for cases when the circuit relation is unknown, the prediction model of the control object could not be established, rendering the traditional model based MPC (TMPC) inapplicable. To address these challenges and enhance the robustness of the 3LT²C SAPF system, a linearly fitting sequential model free predictive control method (SMFPC) is proposed. First, the principle of linear fitting method for current prediction is briefly analyzed. Second, a current difference matrix for each switch sequence has been established, which is utilized for harmonic current tracking. Finally, the cost functions for NP voltage and DC-bus voltage are designed. Numerous experimental results under different scenarios verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

The low power density of a magnetic field energy harvester (MFEH) limits its applicability. Conventional methods for improving power harvesting, e.g., increasing the volume of the magnetic core, cannot effectively increase the output power density of the MFEH. And it increases the burden on the transmission lines. An in-depth investigation reveals that by adding an optimal series-connected capacitor before the rectifier, the output power of the MFEH can be maximized. By reducing the net voltage applied to the magnetizing inductance, the flux accumulation is slower, lengthening the energy harvesting time, and the output power is increased. Furthermore, the output power can be maximized with an optimal series-connected capacitor. The design method of the optimal series-connected capacitor is theoretically analyzed in this paper, which is only related to the load characteristics. In addition, the proposed method has a simple structure and can effectively improve the system power density of the MFEH. An experimental prototype is constructed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the results agree well with the theoretical analysis. Compared with the conventional MFEH without a series-connected capacitor, the method presented in this paper can increase the harvested power by approximately 50%

This article examines the rise and fall of the department of economic history at Monash University, between 1967 and 1993, through the prism of the careers of academics John McCarty and Angus Sinclair. The Monash staff personnel files reveal the importance of a small number of influential ‘God Professors’ in the initial appointment, and in the eventual loss of the department in the face of expanding business education.

The performance of home care globally is significantly impacted by the political reforms in the public and private sectors. This research investigated the Australian contexts of home care quality and the use of “brokerage” during times of change. The research utilised a qualitative post‐structural approach to gather data about home care service provision through conducting semi‐structured interviews of 10 Australian home care business leaders. What emerged in the discourse was how central to everyday practices was the need for business leaders to network and ‘dance a political tango’ to ensure quality in service provision. Illuminated was how the leaders pushed back against governmental and economic structures by using models of brokerage to compensate for economic and staffing deficiencies. This is essential for the ongoing improvement and performance of home care in the Australian social arena of caring for our most vulnerable consumers.

The language that children are exposed to in their early years is enhanced by children's picture books. It is important to better characterise this input, and recent research has begun to explore corpora of narrative picture books. However, previous research has been restricted by methodological limitations that make it difficult to develop large datasets. Further, information texts become increasingly important as children progress through school, but little is known about the language of their earliest form, namely, informational picture books. The current study investigates how informational and narrative picture book exposure might change the language environment of children in a way that supports reading development. The study applies data science methods to build a larger language model than previously possible and investigates the lexical profile of over 2000 narrative and information picture books. Picture book vocabulary is innovatively derived from digital sources of books read‐aloud online, which pushes the field forward by providing researchers access to larger pools of data than previously possible. Detailed comparisons of informational and narrative picture books are reported regarding their lexical diversity, density, morphology, academic vocabulary and semantic clusters. Models are developed to estimate the additional word‐type exposure a child may encounter in their language environment from narrative and informational picture books. The study demonstrates that information and narrative picture books expose children to substantially different semantic environments. It is demonstrated that information picture books provide extensive exposure to academic vocabulary, providing important input aligned with later reading needs. Further, computational models indicate that book reading once every day or second day over a year might boost unique‐word exposure by approximately 10% for some language environments. Combining informational and narrative picture books enhance the language environment of children more than narratives alone, providing more lexical diversity, density and complex morphology.

Background and purpose The workplace plays a key role in impacting the health and well-being of employees at various levels, including physical, psychological, and social aspects of health. This study aims to identify the drivers of a healthy environment that promotes the well-being of women employed in hospitals. Materials & methods This qualitative study used purposive sampling to recruit a total of 48 working women across a diverse range of participants with different job categories and socio-demographic statuses. These include clinical health (e.g., nurse, head nurse, practical nurse, supervisor, physicians); allied health (e.g., diagnostic services); public health (e.g., health promotion specialists); and administrative (e.g., hospital managers). Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using content analysis by creating codes, sub-themes, and themes. Results Content analysis resulted in 31 key codes, that generated 12 sub-themes and 4 key themes. These include Advancing women’s health through collaborative leadership; a Psychologically safe environment for women; Thriving for positive social connections; and Advancing holistic health for women. Discussion and Conclusion Hospital managers and leaders play a pivotal role in creating supportive workplaces for women. They can significantly assist in prioritizing their psychological and social health through personalized approaches tailored to women’s needs, positioning them as co-designers of their health and well-being.

Aim. To explore the status of job crafting, leisure crafting, and burnout among nurses and to examine the impact of job crafting and leisure crafting variations on burnout using machine learning-based models. Background. The prevalence of burnout among nurses poses a severe risk to their job performance, quality of healthcare, and the cohesiveness of nurse teams. Numerous studies have explored factors influencing nurse burnout; however, few involved job crafting and leisure crafting synchronously and elucidated the effect differences of the two crafting behaviors on nurse burnout. Methods. Multicentre cross-sectional survey study. Nurses (n = 1235) from four Chinese tertiary hospitals were included. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, the Job Crafting Scale, and the Leisure Crafting Scale were employed for data collection. Four machine learning algorithms (logistic regression model, support vector machine, random forest, and gradient boosting tree) were used to analyze the data. Results. Nurses experienced mild to moderate levels of burnout and moderate to high levels of job crafting and leisure crafting. The AUC (in full) for the four models was from 0.809 to 0.821, among which the gradient boosting tree performed best, with 0.821 AUC, 0.739 accuracy, 0.470 sensitivity, 0.919 specificity, and 0.161 Brier. All models showed that job crafting was the most important predictor for burnout, while leisure crafting was identified as the second important predictor for burnout in the random forest model and gradient boosting tree model. Conclusion. Even if nurses experienced mild to moderate burnout, nurse managers should develop efficient interventions to reduce nurse burnout. Job crafting and leisure crafting may be beneficial preventative strategies against burnout among nurses at present. Implications for Nursing Management. Job and leisure crafting were identified as effective methods to reduce nurse burnout. Nurse managers should provide more opportunities for nurses’ job crafting and encourage nurses crafting at their leisure time.

Transnistria is a de-facto state located between the Moldova and Ukraine border that has been stuck in a frozen conflict with Moldova over its sovereignty for over 30 years. We conducted interviews with young people living in the region to gain an understanding of their sense of national identity, feelings of security, hopes for the future and overall wellbeing. Participants shared their views on the difficult times experienced in the region as a result of the war in neighbouring Ukraine, while also sharing on difficulties associated with securing stable employment and general economic challenges.

This paper addresses concerns that critical realism is a philosophy in search of a method, and that little guidance exists for the application of the philosophy to social research. It advances the idea that the absence of a philosophically embedded method gives critical realists the freedom to choose methods best suited to answering research questions under investigation. The paper utilizes a study into business advisor knowledge transmission, explicating how a sequential world views approach can be used to progressively expand knowledge about the topic. In this context, the research design further illustrates the symbiotic relationship of two different research methods: in-depth interviews & focus groups. The paper does not imply that any method is better than any other, rather adopts the position that methods must always suit the research aim and provide the best approach for answering the research question.

Aim. To determine Senior Nurse Managers’ perceptions of integration of Nurse Practitioner roles in Healthcare Organisations across Ireland and Australia. Background. Introduction of the Nurse Practitioner role in both countries is well established with national policies aimed at developing a critical mass in the health workforce. Current policy requires Senior Nurse Managers to be actively involved in the introduction of and oversight of the integration of Nurse Practitioners across healthcare settings. This is integral in the context of the success and sustainability of the services provided by the Nurse Practitioner. Methods. A quantitative, cross-sectional cloud-based survey of senior nurse managers across Ireland and Australia from April to September 2022. Results. Of 300 responses received, 122 were eligible for analysis. Of these, 77% expressed that there should be a specific role to support the integration of Nurse Practitioner roles at local level, and 61% recommended that this should occur at a national level, whilst 48% reported the absence of a standardised governance structure. Three reporting structures were identified: professional, clinical, and operational. Autonomous clinical decision making and prescribing were two Nurse Practitioner functions most identified. Fifty-five percent reported having performance indicators for Nurse Practitioner roles, with 24% agreeing that performance indicators captured the quality of care provided. Thirty-five percent of senior nurse managers indicated that there were agreed reporting timelines for performance indicators and a requirement for the provision of an annual report. Conclusion. Whilst some participants reported structure to guide and evaluate the work and value of Nurse Practitioners, the approach was inconsistent across organisations and countries. This paper demonstrates that integration is not broadly established across both countries. Implications for the Profession. The main findings were that Nurse Practitioners were misunderstood and the development of a structured framework to support the integration of Nurse Practitioners would provide long-term benefits.

The overall aim of this study is to explore the views of mental health nurses (MHNs) about the sexual safety of consumers receiving care in acute inpatient units. In Australia, people accessing mental health inpatient units have reported feeling unsafe while receiving care including experiences of sexual harassment and abuse from other patients. There has been no study to date that has explored the views of the MHNs providing care. An explorative descriptive qualitative study. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews involving n = 8 MHNs working on a metropolitan acute inpatient unit recruited using purposive convenience sampling. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings of this study highlighted the themes of ‘It's everyone's job to keep the patient safe’, ‘Going over expectations’, ‘Impact on patients’ and ‘Built environment’. Participants in this study believed that the sexual safety of patients in the inpatient unit is everyone's responsibility and that it was important during the admission process to ensure patients are aware of how to both seek help if needed and ensure that their actions or behaviours do not pose sexual safety concerns in others. Ensuring sexual safety in the mental health inpatient units is a complex issue that requires evidence‐based multipronged interventions involving all key stakeholders within the units.

Postprandial glucose levels between 4 and 7.9 h (PPG4–7.9h) correlate with mortality from various diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. This study aimed to assess if predicted PPG4–7.9h could diagnose diabetes. Two groups of participants were involved: Group 1 (4420 participants) had actual PPG4–7.9h, while Group 2 (8422 participants) lacked this measure but had all the diabetes diagnostic measures. Group 1 underwent multiple linear regression to predict PPG4–7.9h using 30 predictors, achieving accuracy within 11.1 mg/dL in 80% of the participants. Group 2 had PPG4–7.9h predicted using this model. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that predicted PPG4–7.9h could diagnose diabetes with an accuracy of 87.3% in Group 2, with a sensitivity of 75.1% and specificity of 84.1% at the optimal cutoff of 102.5 mg/dL. A simulation on 10,000 random samples from Group 2 revealed that 175 participants may be needed to investigate PPG4–7.9h as a diabetes diagnostic marker with a power of at least 80%. In conclusion, predicted PPG4–7.9h appears to be a promising diagnostic indicator for diabetes. Future studies seeking to ascertain its definitive diagnostic value might require a minimum sample size of 175 participants.

Background: Children are increasingly becoming addicted to smartphones and screens, which is raising concerns about their physical and mental wellbeing. This study aimed to assess urban-rural differences in the prevalence and correlates of smartphone addiction among preschoolers in Dhaka district, Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the mothers of 840 preschoolers living in Dhaka city and two sub-districts. We assessed preschoolers’ smartphone addiction using the child version of the Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale. Logistic regression was performed to identify the correlates of smartphone addiction among preschoolers, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: The overall prevalence of smartphone addiction was 59.9%, and it was higher among urban preschoolers (urban: 70.5% vs. rural: 49.3%). Playing games on smartphones was a risk factor for smartphone addiction, and the likelihood of addiction was higher among rural children (aOR: 3.76, 2.18 to 6.5) compared to urban children (aOR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.25 to 4.26). Mother’s daily smartphone use at home for more than two hours in both urban (aOR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.31 to 5.35) and rural areas (aOR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.11 to 3.28) were associated with smartphone addiction. Both urban and rural children were respectively 1.64 (95% CI: 1.08 to 2.47) and 1.53 (95% CI: 1.14 to 2.07) times more likely to develop smartphone addiction if the number of smartphones they accessed increased by one. In urban areas, the children of working mothers were at 2.91 (95% CI: 1.09 to 7.73) times higher risk of smartphone addiction compared to those of stay-at-home mothers. Rural children who used the Wi-Fi internet had the higher odds of showing addictive behaviours (aOR: 3.03, 95% CI: 1.88 to 4.88). Conclusions: The prevalence of smartphone addiction was higher among urban children compared to rural ones. We found sociodemographic and smartphone use pattern-related risk factors for smartphone addiction among children in both urban and rural areas. Therefore, it is very important to adopt appropriate counselling and health education to prevent and control smartphone addiction in preschoolers.

Veterinary parasitology is study of parasitic diseases, treatment and prevention. It is a major component of animal health courses due to impacts parasites have on production and companion animals. Extant tertiary education in parasitology typically involves theory sessions coupled with practical experience. In this study we propose tertiary parasitology teaching would be enhanced through adoption of immersive Virtual Reality (I-VR) as an intrinsically motivating learning tool to complement their studies. To evaluate this adoption, a custom I-VR parasitology game was developed that tertiary veterinary science students experienced (n = 109), with feedback assessed using the Hedonic-Motivation System Adoption Model (HMSAM). HMSAM proved appropriate for measuring student’s hedonistic and utilitarian perspectives of I-VR experience with perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, joy, ability to control, immersion levels and intention to use displaying significant positive relationships in derived model. However, in a departure from similar studies, the curiosity construct was not a useful predictor of intention to use in this context of a scaffolded, instructional application. This study highlights suitability of I-VR and provides a statistically robust evaluation method using a modified HMSAM to evaluate acceptance, usefulness, and ease of use of I-VR in tertiary education.

We present novel mathematical models for inventory management within a reverse logistics system. Technological advancements, sustainability initiatives, and evolving customer behaviours have significantly increased the demand for repaired products. Our models account for varying demand levels for newly produced and repaired items. To optimize overall costs with constrained scenarios, we formulated mixed integer programming problems. Solution procedures for the proposed problems are introduced, and the accuracy of these solutions has been validated through numerical experiments. Additionally, we address the cost of waste disposal as an environmental concern. This paper develops a multiobjective mathematical model and provides an algorithm for the Pareto solution. Various scalarization techniques are utilized to identify the Pareto front, and a comparison of these techniques is presented.

The overall aim of this study was to explore the views of mental health nurses (MHNs) about their experience of responding to workplace violence (WPV) and aggression (code greys and blacks) within acute general wards. WPV continues to pose a significant source of challenge within healthcare settings despite several initiatives that have been trialled over the years. It has the potential to impact patient care and overall staff health and well‐being. Nurses play a significant role in the management of WPV; hence, it is important to understand how they respond to and manage incidents of WPV. The study design was an explorative descriptive qualitative design. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews involving n = 10 MHNs working within a mental health consultation liaison team that responds to incidents of violence and aggression (codes grey and black) in acute general wards. Participants were recruited using a convenient sampling method. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings of this study highlighted the following themes: (1) Patient care (subthemes: patient frustration with hospital processes, lack of time and resources); (2) Staffing skills and confidence (subthemes: lack of adequate training, inability to intervene early and communication skills); (3) Understanding patient behaviours (subthemes: it's a psychiatry problem and zero tolerance approach). The management of WPV within acute hospital settings needs to be given due attention by healthcare services. Although a number of organisations are developing measures and guidelines to manage WPV, there is still a gap in the ability of general nursing staff to properly manage such incidences. Proper attention needs to be taken to the training of staff.