Figure - uploaded by Felix Heisel
Content may be subject to copyright.
the average tensile strength of samples with different thickness. As it can be seen in table 1 the tensile strength of samples with diferent thicknesses are comparative.
Source publication
Bamboo has been used as a construction material for centuries around the globe. The benefits of using bamboo are enormous: its fast growth, high tensile strength, and the capacity to capture large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere are just some of the most remarkable properties it has to offer. For decades, researchers around the world...
Similar publications
Background:
Bamboos, widely distributed in temperate and tropical Asia, Africa and America, refer to a group of special plants in Poaceae, Bambusoideae. China is rich in bamboo species. However, due to a long flowering cycle, the flowering habit and the flowering structure of many bamboo species are still not well understood. Here, we report a new...
An experiment on the production of biochar from bamboo scraps and hardwood chips for use as materials to improve soil was done by burning the biomass of the bamboo scraps and hardwood chips in Pyrolysis conditions at a temperature range of 500 - 700C with a cone-truncated open fire kiln which reduces burning time to 45-60 min. Experimental results...
This study investigated the effects of nodes on some of the physical and mechanical properties of Dendrocalamus asper Backer (D. asper Backer). Two types of D. asper Backer specimens, with and without nodes, were prepared from the bottom and top parts of the bamboo culms for testing of their physical (density, water uptake, shrinkage and swelling)...
This study mainly focusing on to reduce the cost of materials which are utilized for construction purpose particularly steel. Steel is the material which is used for all types of reinforcement in column, beam and slab. The main disadvantage of this material that it easily corrodes when it interacts with moisture and due to this effect, its strength...
Citations
... If we talk about the future city, it is clear that it cannot be built with the same resources as the existing ones. Although the current market is trying to solve some of the mentioned issues by tapping on natural resources such as bamboo and timber in the form of engineered composite products such as Mass Engineered timber (MET) and Engineered Bamboo Composite (EBC), the safety and sustainability of such applications are still under investigations [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Given the current rate of deforestation across the globe one needs to address the challenges the construction industries will face due to market demand for forest products such as hardwood and softwood. ...
Mycelium-bound composite materials are a new class of sustainable and affordable biocomposites that have been recently introduced into packaging, fashion, and architecture as alternative to traditional synthetic materials. In recent years extensive investigation and research studies have been dedicated to explore methods of production and processing as well as to find potential applications for mycelium-bound composite materials. However, application of this novel biocomposite within the construction industry has been limited to only small-scale prototypes and exhibition installations. The problems with low mechanical properties, high water absorption and lack of standard methods for production and testing of mycelium-bound composite materials remain as main challenges that need to be addressed when used as non-structural or semi-structural elements. This short review aims to display the potential of mycelium-bound composite materials for their use within the construction sector in the form of thermal and acoustic insulation as well as replacement for drywalls and tiles. This review summarizes the main available information with regards to the properties of mycelium-bound composites that have been used in construction sector while suggesting the direction for the future research and development on these biocomposites for their applications within the construction industry.
... The tensile strength of natural bamboo is superior to that of wood. This attribute marks bamboo as an attractive option to incorporate into fiber-reinforced concrete, especially in developing countries where demand for reinforced concrete is growing rapidly [31][32][33]. Bamboo is a gigantic grass, which belongs to the angiosperms (seed-bearing vascular plants) group and monocotyledon (flowering plants) subgroup. Bamboo attains maturity in 3 to 5 years, in favorable contrast to wood, which takes at least 20 years, depending on the species [34]. ...
... The minor components are resins, tannins, waxes and mineral salts. However, the percentage of each component differs from species to species and depends on the conditions of bamboo growth and the age of the bamboo, as well as the location of the section on the culm [31,34]. In general, cellulose in bamboo culms accounts for more than 50% of the bamboo chemical components. ...
... In recent years various methods have been developed to employ bamboo through new processing technologies for the fabrication of high-performance bamboo-composite materials in such a way that the inherent mechanical capacities of the fibers are retained, while the durability issues, specifically water absorption, swelling, shrinking and chemical resistance, of the composite could be enhanced for application as structural elements in buildings [31][32][33]37]. The bamboo-composite materials display high mechanical properties and have been used as either reinforcement in concrete, replacing steel or as structural elements in the form of a beam or column. ...
In this study, a sustainable mortar mixture is developed using renewable by-products for the enhancement of mechanical properties and fracture behavior. A high-volume of fly ash—a by-product of coal combustion—is used to replace Portland cement while waste by-products from the production of engineered bamboo composite materials are used to obtain bamboo fibers and to improve the fracture toughness of the mixture. The bamboo process waste was ground and size-fractioned by sieving. Several mixes containing different amounts of fibers were prepared for mechanical and fracture toughness assessment, evaluated via bending tests. The addition of bamboo fibers showed insignificant losses of strength, resulting in mixtures with compressive strengths of 55 MPa and above. The bamboo fibers were able to control crack propagation and showed improved crack-bridging effects with higher fiber volumes, resulting in a strain-softening behavior and mixture with higher toughness. The results of this study show that the developed bamboo fiber-reinforced mortar mixture is a promising sustainable and affordable construction material with enhanced mechanical properties and fracture toughness with the potential to be used in different structural applications, especially in developing countries.
... Reinforced concrete is described as the "most fruitful and generous of all building materials" by Pier Luigi Nervi, an engineer and contractor and one of the greatest 20th-century structural designers in reinforced concrete [1,2]. Over the past century, reinforced concrete has significantly transformed the built environment. ...
... In this study a two-component, water-based epoxy system was chosen in combination with sand particles to enhance the bonding mechanism between bamboo composite reinforcement and concrete, while an embedment length of 200mm was used following the earlier work that was carried out by the authors, as discussed in Section 2.5.1. The maximum failure load was recorded in each test and the bond strength was determined while using Equation (2). Table 6 displays the average and standard deviation of the bonding strength together with the observed mode of failure. ...
Reinforced concrete is the most widely used building material in history. However, alternative natural and synthetic materials are being investigated for reinforcing concrete structures, given the limited availability of steel in developing countries, the rising costs of steel as the main reinforcement material, the amount of energy required by the production of steel, and the sensitivity of steel to corrosion. This paper reports on a unique use of bamboo as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers for production of bamboo fiber-reinforced polymer composite as reinforcement for structural-concrete beams. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using this novel bamboo composite reinforcement system for reinforced structural-concrete beams. The bond strength with concrete matrix, as well as durability properties, including the water absorption and alkali resistance of the bamboo composite reinforcement, are also investigated in this study. The results of this study indicate that bamboo composite reinforced concrete beams show comparable ultimate loads with regards to fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced concrete beams according to the ACI standard. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the potential of the newly developed bamboo composite material for use as a new type of element for non-deflection-critical applications of reinforced structural-concrete members. The design guidelines that are stated in ACI 440.1R-15 for fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement bars are also compared with the experimental results that were obtained in this study. The American Concrete Institute (ACI) design guidelines are suitable for non-deflection-critical design and construction of bamboo-composite reinforced-concrete members. This study demonstrates that there is significant potential for practical implementation of the bamboo-composite reinforcement described in this paper. The results of this study can be utilized for construction of low-cost and low-rise housing units where the need for ductility is low and where secondary-element failure provides adequate warning of collapse.
... Bamboo is a fast growing, inexpensive and available natural resource in most developing countries and it has outstanding material qualities. The cultivation and industrial processing of bamboo offers a huge potential for a new generation of building materials fabricated through embedding natural bamboo fibers into a resin matrix for applications in architecture and construction (Faruk et al., 2014;Hebel et al., 2014;Yu et al., 2014;Javadian et al., 2016;Javadian, 2017;Rahman et al., 2017;Archila et al., 2018). ...
... In this study bamboo Dendrocalamus asper or Petung bamboo was used for fabrication of the high performance bamboo-fiberreinforced polymer composite. In a detailed study carried out recently by the research team, patented processing tools were developed to process bamboo culms into bamboo fiber bundles of varying thicknesses, width and length (Hebel et al., 2014;Hebel and Heisel, 2016;Javadian et al., 2016;Javadian, 2017). The processed bamboo fibers were first dried, in an aircirculated oven at 80 • C until the moisture content was <10%. ...
... The average specific density of the bamboo composite reinforcements was 1.33. This procedure provides sufficient environmental protection for the fibers, thus ensuring that their properties do not degrade over time (Javadian, 2017). Figure 4 shows a bamboo composite reinforcing bar after it was removed from the hot-press machine. ...
Bamboo fibers with high mechanical properties can be a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers for application in fiber reinforced polymer composites. The first aim of this study is to evaluate the dependence of mechanical properties of Dendrocalamus asper, known as bamboo Petung from Indonesia, on physical properties of the culm, including culm diameter, wall thickness, height, moisture content and specific density. Correlations between mechanical properties including tensile strength, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity in flexure and tension and culm physical properties have been studied. The results demonstrate that specific density is directly correlated with all these mechanical properties of bamboo while the moisture content values are correlated only with value of modules of rupture. Although wall thicknesses value of the culm are correlated with all of the mechanical properties studied, the culm diameter was only correlated with modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity in flexure. Therefore, measurements of the culm geometry and specific density of raw bamboo have the potential for rapid, non-destructive evaluations of the quality of the bamboo, particularly in nurseries and forests where there is limited access to testing facilities. The second aim of this study is to evaluate whether such tests allow for an evaluation of the mechanical potential of the bamboo for production of high performance bamboo fiber reinforced polymer composites. Use of these formulas is illustrated through a case study of bamboo composite reinforcement for structural concrete. Pull-out tests and beam testing using this composite successfully validate the usefulness of this strategy for sustainable construction.
Advanced natural hybrid composite materials were employed and are now being used in structural, mechanical, and high-end industrial applications. Composites offer various significant features, including the ability to resist fatigue, corrosion resistance, and the manufacturing of lightweight components with little compromise to dependability, among others. Natural Composites are a type of composite material that have significant mechanical properties compared to conventional composite materials. The use of composites in the aircraft industry now confronts a research deficit, with the major focus being on determining the future spectrum of use. The usage of appropriate composites so far is responsible for the majority of triumphs in the aviation sector. This chapter highlights the variety of available natural fiber hybrid composites, their general composition and properties, and their possible use in the Aerospace Industry.
